slovodefinícia
newton
(encz)		newton,jednotka síly [fyz.]
newton
(encz)		newton,newton [fyz.]
newton
(encz)		Newton,Isaac Newton
newton
(encz)		Newton,Newton n: [jmén.] příjmení, okres v USA Zdeněk Brož a automatický
překlad
newton
(czen)		newton,newton[fyz.]
newton
(czen)		Newton,Newtonn: [jmén.] příjmení, okres v USA Zdeněk Brož a automatický
překlad
newton
(gcide)		newton \new"ton\ (n[=oo]"t'n), n. [Named in honor of {Isaac
Newton}. ca. 1900.]
A unit of force of the Systeme Internationale system of units
of measure, equal to the force that produces an acceleration
of one meter per second per second when applied to a mass of
one kilogram. Abbreviated N.
[PJC] Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton
Newton
(gcide)		Newton \Newton\ Newton Sir Isaac \Newton, Sir Isaac\, prop. n.
A famous English mathematician and natural philosopher, born
at Woolsthorpe, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, Dec. 25, 1642
(O. S.): died at Kensington, March 20, 1727. His father,
Isaac Newton, was a small freehold farmer. He matriculated at
Cambridge (Trinity College) July 8, 1661; was elected to a
scholarship April 28, 1664; and graduated in Jan., 1665. At
the university he was especially attracted by the study of
Descartes's geometry. The method of fluxions is supposed to
have first occurred to him in 1665. He was made a fellow of
Trinity in 1667, and Lucasian professor at Cambridge in Oct.,
1669. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in Jan., 1672.
Newton's attention was probably drawn to the subject of
gravitation as early as 1665. The story of the fall of the
apple was first told by Voltaire, who had it from Mrs.
Conduitt, Newton's niece. Kepler had established the laws of
the planetary orbits, and from these laws Newton proved that
the attraction of the sun upon the planets varies inversely
as the squares of their distances. Measuring the actual
deflection of the moon's orbit from its tangent, he found it
to be identical with the deflection which would be created by
the attraction of the earth, diminishing in the ratio of the
inverse square of the distance. The hypothesis that the same
force acted in each case was thus confirmed. The success of
Newton's work really depended on the determination of the
length of a degree on the earth's surface by Picard in 1671.
The universal law of gravitation was Completely elaborated by
1685. The first book of the "principia" or "Philosophiae
Naturalis Principia Mathematica" Was presented to the Royal
Society, April 28, 1686, and the entire work was published in
1687. In 1689 he sat in Parliament for the University of
Cambridge, and at this time was associated with John Locke;
in 1701 he was reelected. When his friend Charles Montagu
(afterward earl of Halifax) was appointed chancellor of the
exchequer, Newton was made warden of the mint, and in 1699
master of the mint. The reformation of English coinage was
largely his work. The method of fluxions, which he had
discovered, was employed in the calculations for the
"Principia," but did not appear until 1693, when it was
published by Wallis. It also appeared in 1704 in the first
edition of the "Optics." On Feb. 21, 1699, he was elected
foreign associate of the French Academy of Sciences. In 1703
he was elected president of the Royal Society, and held the
office till his death.
Newton was buried in Westminster Abbey on 28 March, eight
days after his death. His grave is close to a monument in the
Abbey erected in his honor. The Latin inscription reads: Hic
depositum est, quod mortale fuit Isaaci Newtoni. This may be
translated as "Here lies that which was mortal of Isaac
Newton". Before the funeral his body lay in state in the
Jerusalem Chamber and his coffin was followed to its grave by
most of the Fellows of the Royal Society. The Lord
Chancellor, two dukes and three earls were pall bearers.
Newton is most commonly known for his conception of the law
of universal gravitation, but his other discoveries and
inventions in mathematics (e.g. the binomial theorem,
differential and integral calculus), optics, mechanics, and
astronomy place him at the very forefront of all scientists.
His study and understanding of light, the invention of the
reflecting telescope (1668), and his revelation in his
Principia of the mathematical ordering of the universe are
all represented on his monument in Westminster Abbey.
--Century Dictionary 1906, --http://westminster-abbey.org
[PJC]
newton
(wn)		Newton
n 1: English mathematician and physicist; remembered for
developing the calculus and for his law of gravitation and
his three laws of motion (1642-1727) [syn: Newton, {Isaac
Newton}, Sir Isaac Newton]
2: a unit of force equal to the force that imparts an
acceleration of 1 m/sec/sec to a mass of 1 kilogram; equal to
100,000 dynes [syn: newton, N]
newton
(foldoc)		Newton

1. (Named after Isaac Newton (1642-1727)). Rapin et al, Swiss
Federal Inst Tech, Lausanne 1981. General purpose expression
language, syntactically ALGOL-like, with object-oriented and
functional features and a rich set of primitives for
concurrency. Used for undergraduate teaching at Lausanne
(EPFL).

Versions: Newton 2.6 for VAX/VMS and Newton 1.2 for
DEC-Alpha/OSF-1.

E-mail: J. Hulaas .
(ftp://ellc4.epfl.ch /pub/languages/Newton).

["Procedural Objects in Newton", Ch. Rapin, SIGPLAN Notices
24(9) (Sep 1989)].

["The Newton Language", Ch. Rapin et al, SIGPLAN Notices
16(8):31-40 (Aug 1981)].

["Programming in Newton", Wuetrich and Menu, EPFL 1982].

2. Apple Newton.

(2000-08-29)
podobné slovodefinícia
newtonian
(encz)		Newtonian,Newtonovský
isaac newton
(czen)		Isaac Newton,Newton
newtonovský
(czen)		Newtonovský,Newtonian
Newton
(gcide)		newton \new"ton\ (n[=oo]"t'n), n. [Named in honor of {Isaac
Newton}. ca. 1900.]
A unit of force of the Systeme Internationale system of units
of measure, equal to the force that produces an acceleration
of one meter per second per second when applied to a mass of
one kilogram. Abbreviated N.
[PJC] Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac NewtonNewton \Newton\ Newton Sir Isaac \Newton, Sir Isaac\, prop. n.
A famous English mathematician and natural philosopher, born
at Woolsthorpe, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, Dec. 25, 1642
(O. S.): died at Kensington, March 20, 1727. His father,
Isaac Newton, was a small freehold farmer. He matriculated at
Cambridge (Trinity College) July 8, 1661; was elected to a
scholarship April 28, 1664; and graduated in Jan., 1665. At
the university he was especially attracted by the study of
Descartes's geometry. The method of fluxions is supposed to
have first occurred to him in 1665. He was made a fellow of
Trinity in 1667, and Lucasian professor at Cambridge in Oct.,
1669. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in Jan., 1672.
Newton's attention was probably drawn to the subject of
gravitation as early as 1665. The story of the fall of the
apple was first told by Voltaire, who had it from Mrs.
Conduitt, Newton's niece. Kepler had established the laws of
the planetary orbits, and from these laws Newton proved that
the attraction of the sun upon the planets varies inversely
as the squares of their distances. Measuring the actual
deflection of the moon's orbit from its tangent, he found it
to be identical with the deflection which would be created by
the attraction of the earth, diminishing in the ratio of the
inverse square of the distance. The hypothesis that the same
force acted in each case was thus confirmed. The success of
Newton's work really depended on the determination of the
length of a degree on the earth's surface by Picard in 1671.
The universal law of gravitation was Completely elaborated by
1685. The first book of the "principia" or "Philosophiae
Naturalis Principia Mathematica" Was presented to the Royal
Society, April 28, 1686, and the entire work was published in
1687. In 1689 he sat in Parliament for the University of
Cambridge, and at this time was associated with John Locke;
in 1701 he was reelected. When his friend Charles Montagu
(afterward earl of Halifax) was appointed chancellor of the
exchequer, Newton was made warden of the mint, and in 1699
master of the mint. The reformation of English coinage was
largely his work. The method of fluxions, which he had
discovered, was employed in the calculations for the
"Principia," but did not appear until 1693, when it was
published by Wallis. It also appeared in 1704 in the first
edition of the "Optics." On Feb. 21, 1699, he was elected
foreign associate of the French Academy of Sciences. In 1703
he was elected president of the Royal Society, and held the
office till his death.
Newton was buried in Westminster Abbey on 28 March, eight
days after his death. His grave is close to a monument in the
Abbey erected in his honor. The Latin inscription reads: Hic
depositum est, quod mortale fuit Isaaci Newtoni. This may be
translated as "Here lies that which was mortal of Isaac
Newton". Before the funeral his body lay in state in the
Jerusalem Chamber and his coffin was followed to its grave by
most of the Fellows of the Royal Society. The Lord
Chancellor, two dukes and three earls were pall bearers.
Newton is most commonly known for his conception of the law
of universal gravitation, but his other discoveries and
inventions in mathematics (e.g. the binomial theorem,
differential and integral calculus), optics, mechanics, and
astronomy place him at the very forefront of all scientists.
His study and understanding of light, the invention of the
reflecting telescope (1668), and his revelation in his
Principia of the mathematical ordering of the universe are
all represented on his monument in Westminster Abbey.
--Century Dictionary 1906, --http://westminster-abbey.org
[PJC]
Newton Sir Isaac
(gcide)		Newton \Newton\ Newton Sir Isaac \Newton, Sir Isaac\, prop. n.
A famous English mathematician and natural philosopher, born
at Woolsthorpe, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, Dec. 25, 1642
(O. S.): died at Kensington, March 20, 1727. His father,
Isaac Newton, was a small freehold farmer. He matriculated at
Cambridge (Trinity College) July 8, 1661; was elected to a
scholarship April 28, 1664; and graduated in Jan., 1665. At
the university he was especially attracted by the study of
Descartes's geometry. The method of fluxions is supposed to
have first occurred to him in 1665. He was made a fellow of
Trinity in 1667, and Lucasian professor at Cambridge in Oct.,
1669. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in Jan., 1672.
Newton's attention was probably drawn to the subject of
gravitation as early as 1665. The story of the fall of the
apple was first told by Voltaire, who had it from Mrs.
Conduitt, Newton's niece. Kepler had established the laws of
the planetary orbits, and from these laws Newton proved that
the attraction of the sun upon the planets varies inversely
as the squares of their distances. Measuring the actual
deflection of the moon's orbit from its tangent, he found it
to be identical with the deflection which would be created by
the attraction of the earth, diminishing in the ratio of the
inverse square of the distance. The hypothesis that the same
force acted in each case was thus confirmed. The success of
Newton's work really depended on the determination of the
length of a degree on the earth's surface by Picard in 1671.
The universal law of gravitation was Completely elaborated by
1685. The first book of the "principia" or "Philosophiae
Naturalis Principia Mathematica" Was presented to the Royal
Society, April 28, 1686, and the entire work was published in
1687. In 1689 he sat in Parliament for the University of
Cambridge, and at this time was associated with John Locke;
in 1701 he was reelected. When his friend Charles Montagu
(afterward earl of Halifax) was appointed chancellor of the
exchequer, Newton was made warden of the mint, and in 1699
master of the mint. The reformation of English coinage was
largely his work. The method of fluxions, which he had
discovered, was employed in the calculations for the
"Principia," but did not appear until 1693, when it was
published by Wallis. It also appeared in 1704 in the first
edition of the "Optics." On Feb. 21, 1699, he was elected
foreign associate of the French Academy of Sciences. In 1703
he was elected president of the Royal Society, and held the
office till his death.
Newton was buried in Westminster Abbey on 28 March, eight
days after his death. His grave is close to a monument in the
Abbey erected in his honor. The Latin inscription reads: Hic
depositum est, quod mortale fuit Isaaci Newtoni. This may be
translated as "Here lies that which was mortal of Isaac
Newton". Before the funeral his body lay in state in the
Jerusalem Chamber and his coffin was followed to its grave by
most of the Fellows of the Royal Society. The Lord
Chancellor, two dukes and three earls were pall bearers.
Newton is most commonly known for his conception of the law
of universal gravitation, but his other discoveries and
inventions in mathematics (e.g. the binomial theorem,
differential and integral calculus), optics, mechanics, and
astronomy place him at the very forefront of all scientists.
His study and understanding of light, the invention of the
reflecting telescope (1668), and his revelation in his
Principia of the mathematical ordering of the universe are
all represented on his monument in Westminster Abbey.
--Century Dictionary 1906, --http://westminster-abbey.org
[PJC]
Newtonian
(gcide)		Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries.
[1913 Webster]

Newtonian philosophy, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton;
-- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in
Newton's "Principia," to the modern or experimental
philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and
others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory
of universal gravitation.

Newtonian telescope (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in
which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane
mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open
end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one
side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed
through the eyeplace.

Newtonian theory of light. See Note under Light.
[1913 Webster]Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, n.
A follower of Newton.
[1913 Webster]
Newtonian philosophy
(gcide)		Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries.
[1913 Webster]

Newtonian philosophy, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton;
-- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in
Newton's "Principia," to the modern or experimental
philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and
others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory
of universal gravitation.

Newtonian telescope (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in
which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane
mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open
end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one
side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed
through the eyeplace.

Newtonian theory of light. See Note under Light.
[1913 Webster]
Newtonian potential
(gcide)		Potential \Po*ten"tial\, n.
1. Anything that may be possible; a possibility; potentially.
--Bacon.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Math.) In the theory of gravitation, or of other forces
acting in space, a function of the rectangular coordinates
which determine the position of a point, such that its
differential coefficients with respect to the coordinates
are equal to the components of the force at the point
considered; -- also called potential function, or {force
function}. It is called also Newtonian potential when
the force is directed to a fixed center and is inversely
as the square of the distance from the center.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Elec.) The energy of an electrical charge measured by its
power to do work; hence, the degree of electrification as
referred to some standard, as that of the earth;
electro-motive force.
[1913 Webster]
Newtonian telescope
(gcide)		Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries.
[1913 Webster]

Newtonian philosophy, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton;
-- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in
Newton's "Principia," to the modern or experimental
philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and
others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory
of universal gravitation.

Newtonian telescope (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in
which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane
mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open
end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one
side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed
through the eyeplace.

Newtonian theory of light. See Note under Light.
[1913 Webster]Telescope \Tel"e*scope\, n. [Gr. ? viewing afar, farseeing; ?
far, far off + ? a watcher, akin to ? to view: cf. F.
t['e]lescope. See Telegraph, and -scope.]
An optical instrument used in viewing distant objects, as the
heavenly bodies.
[1913 Webster]

Note: A telescope assists the eye chiefly in two ways; first,
by enlarging the visual angle under which a distant
object is seen, and thus magnifying that object; and,
secondly, by collecting, and conveying to the eye, a
larger beam of light than would enter the naked organ,
thus rendering objects distinct and visible which would
otherwise be indistinct and or invisible. Its essential
parts are the object glass, or concave mirror, which
collects the beam of light, and forms an image of the
object, and the eyeglass, which is a microscope, by
which the image is magnified.
[1913 Webster]

Achromatic telescope. See under Achromatic.

Aplanatic telescope, a telescope having an aplanatic
eyepiece.

Astronomical telescope, a telescope which has a simple
eyepiece so constructed or used as not to reverse the
image formed by the object glass, and consequently
exhibits objects inverted, which is not a hindrance in
astronomical observations.

Cassegrainian telescope, a reflecting telescope invented by
Cassegrain, which differs from the Gregorian only in
having the secondary speculum convex instead of concave,
and placed nearer the large speculum. The Cassegrainian
represents objects inverted; the Gregorian, in their
natural position. The Melbourne telescope (see Illust.
under Reflecting telescope, below) is a Cassegrainian
telescope.

Dialytic telescope. See under Dialytic.

Equatorial telescope. See the Note under Equatorial.

Galilean telescope, a refracting telescope in which the
eyeglass is a concave instead of a convex lens, as in the
common opera glass. This was the construction originally
adopted by Galileo, the inventor of the instrument. It
exhibits the objects erect, that is, in their natural
positions.

Gregorian telescope, a form of reflecting telescope. See
under Gregorian.

Herschelian telescope, a reflecting telescope of the form
invented by Sir William Herschel, in which only one
speculum is employed, by means of which an image of the
object is formed near one side of the open end of the
tube, and to this the eyeglass is applied directly.

Newtonian telescope, a form of reflecting telescope. See
under Newtonian.

Photographic telescope, a telescope specially constructed
to make photographs of the heavenly bodies.

Prism telescope. See Teinoscope.

Reflecting telescope, a telescope in which the image is
formed by a speculum or mirror (or usually by two
speculums, a large one at the lower end of the telescope,
and the smaller one near the open end) instead of an
object glass. See {Gregorian, Cassegrainian, Herschelian,
& Newtonian, telescopes}, above.

Refracting telescope, a telescope in which the image is
formed by refraction through an object glass.

Telescope carp (Zool.), the telescope fish.

Telescope fish (Zool.), a monstrous variety of the goldfish
having very protuberant eyes.

Telescope fly (Zool.), any two-winged fly of the genus
Diopsis, native of Africa and Asia. The telescope flies
are remarkable for having the eyes raised on very long
stalks.

Telescope shell (Zool.), an elongated gastropod ({Cerithium
telescopium}) having numerous flattened whorls.

Telescope sight (Firearms), a slender telescope attached to
the barrel, having cross wires in the eyepiece and used as
a sight.

Terrestrial telescope, a telescope whose eyepiece has one
or two lenses more than the astronomical, for the purpose
of inverting the image, and exhibiting objects erect.
[1913 Webster]
Newtonian theory of light
(gcide)		Newtonian \New*to"ni*an\, a.
Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries.
[1913 Webster]

Newtonian philosophy, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton;
-- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in
Newton's "Principia," to the modern or experimental
philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and
others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory
of universal gravitation.

Newtonian telescope (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in
which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane
mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open
end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one
side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed
through the eyeplace.

Newtonian theory of light. See Note under Light.
[1913 Webster]
isaac newton
(wn)		Isaac Newton
n 1: English mathematician and physicist; remembered for
developing the calculus and for his law of gravitation and
his three laws of motion (1642-1727) [syn: Newton, {Isaac
Newton}, Sir Isaac Newton]