| slovo | definícia |
00databaseinfo
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version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
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|
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version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
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|
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(msasasci) | This file was converted from the original database on:
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original version.
# Copyright (c) 2016–2020 xHire .
# Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document
# under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
1.1
# or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
# with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts being
# "Založeno na svobodném anglicko-českém slovníku,
# https://www.svobodneslovniky.cz/", and with the Back-Cover Texts
# "Autoři:
# (m)&(m), -M&N-, -pv-, ACIDtick, Adam Nohejl, Ahmul, Alan Wilder,
# Alexander Gramblička, Alexandr Kolouch, Aleš Studený,
# Aleš Šilhavý, Alice Brabcová, Alice Vixie, Alohim, Alois Musil,
# Amy Nicky, Andrew Jan Hauner, Anlez, Arci, BOA, BartyCok,
# Beata Rödlingová, Bellatrixx, BeruskaMiruska, BladeRunner,
Blecha,
# BlueBear, Bluebear, Bones, Bořek Miklas, Bukovansky Richard,
Bzuco,
# Cascaval, Cheprer, Choly, Clock, Crystaloon, D.Ditrich, DM'C,
Dalbed,
# Dan Ditrich, Dan Rajdl, Daniel, Daniel Merka, Daniel Pecka, Dave,
# David Jozefov, David Kredba, David Směja, Dayalpuri, Dita
Vladyková,
# Dr-V.Poljak, Dupanov Vadym, Dust, EVa Porovat & BOA, Emma, Eolo,
# Erik Etfleisch, Eva Porovat & BOA, Eva Porovat & BOA Intl.,
# Filip Flajšar, Filip Jučíček, Filip Volavka, Filip Šera, Fišer,
# Fontána, František Kalvas, František Stočes, Fucza, Fí, Ge0rge,
# Giza, Gob, Grino, Hamrle Jan,
# Hanuš Vavrčík (hank zavináč quick tečka cz), Helena Handrková,
# Helena Reguli, Helena Smetana, Hi, Honza Bětík, Honza Macháček,
# HotJohn, Huge, Hynek Hanke, IC, IS, IgorMortis, Imro,
# Ing. Eva Hrubošová, Ivan Doležal, Ivan Kykal, Ivan Masár,
# Ivan Vondrka, Ivan Zákoutský, Ivo Karafiat, Ivo Karafiát, IvČa,
# IvČi, J, J. Novák, J. Polach, J. Polách, J.D., J.N., JK, JKR,
JaHu,
# JaS., Jakub Kalousek, Jakub Kolčář, Jakub Mišák, Jakub Rezek,
# Jakub Roztočil, Jakub Sivek, Jakub Stryja, Jakub Suchý, Jan
Blažek,
# Jan Gregor, Jan Hamrle, Jan Havlíček, Jan Hořák, Jan Hradil,
# Jan Humpolík, Jan Kasal, Jan Kučera, Jan Mencl, Jan Wagner,
# Jan Červák, JanT, Jana, Jana Kománková, Jana Matějková,
# Jana Pejšová, Janus, Jarka Krutovlnka,
# Jarka Krutovlnka - Kohout Institute, Jaromír Hamala,
# Jaroslav Borovička, Jaroslav Brudna, Jaroslav Jiřička,
# Jaroslav Juha, Jaroslav Kroupa, Jaroslav kroupa, Jaroslav Šedivý,
# Jenda, Jindřich Pozlovský, Jircz, Jiri Hofman, Jiri Syrovy,
# Jiri Syrovy , Jirka Daněk, Jirka Zeman,
# Jiří Bachmann, Jiří BlueBear Dluhoš, Jiří Dadák, Jiří Daněk,
# Jiří Drbálek, Jiří Hlaváček, Jiří Hofman, Jiří Jansa,
# Jiří Kuchta, Jiří Novák, Jiří Padák, Jiří Poláček,
# Jiří Syrový, Jiří Voseček, Jiří Václavovič, Jiří Šmoldas,
# Jonáš Petrovský, Jose, Josef, Josef Kosek, Josef Pinc,
# Josef Polách, Josef Psohlavec, Jucas, Juchelková, Jura Čáslava,
# Já, Jáchym Kolář, Jáchym Čepický, Jánošík, JČP,
# K. Weigelová, KB, KEnik, Kalfus, Kalousek, Kamil, Kamil Páral,
# Karel Dvořák, Karel Kozlík, Kat, Kateřina Plicková, Keith, Kemo,
# Kenny74, Kevin Ludewig, Kkiwik, Klokan, Klára Vykydalová, Kolyas,
# Kropes, Kropeš, Kuba, Kulda, Květa Brudnová, L. Hlavatý, LK,
# Ladislav Hlavatý, Ladislav Miženko, Laki, Lenka Kopecká,
# Leona Dvornická, Leoš Lejček, Libor Chocholatý, Libor Tomšík,
# Lubosse, Luboš Staněk, Lucie Studenková, Luděk Soukup,
# Lukáš "Fruiko" Nedvěd, Lukáš Doktor, Lukáš Helebrandt,
# Lukáš Jirkovský, Lukáš Růžička, Lukáš Tomášek,
# Lydie Kucová, M&M, M. Král,
# M.Chromá: Česko-anglický právnický slovník (Leda, 2003), M4r3k,
# MB, MH, MK, MM, MPEG, MT, MV, Maarty, Mac, Marble, Marcella
Medico,
# Marek Běl, Marek Stopka, Marek Turnovec, Marian Cerny,
# Martin Dvořák, Martin H., Martin Hlaváček, Martin Jablečník,
# Martin Krsek, Martin Král, Martin Ligač, Martin M.,
# Martin M. , Martin Marble Beránek,
# Martin Mašín, Martin Mizur, Martin Měřinský, Martin Pospíšil,
# Martin Páleník, Martin Pípal Slavík, Martin Sarfy, Martin Sliž,
# Martin Čtyřka, McJ, Mcj, Meli, Mgr. Dita Gálová,
# Mgr. John Němeček, Mgr. Zuzana Růžičková, MiCh, Michal Ambrož,
# Michal Božoň, Michal Burda, Michal Duda, Michal Kolesa,
# Michal Kolesa (michal.kolesa@quick.cz), Michal Molhanec, Michal
Roubal,
# Michal Talík, Michal Táborský, Michal Voráček, Michal ambrož,
# Michal talík, Miky, Milan Svoboda, Miloš, Miruška, Miruška
Bernier,
# Miňo, Miša, Mráz Petr, Myk, MythgE, Míša, Negramota, Nevím,
# Nijel, Nikola Nová, Norbert Volf, Noro Mazik, Noro Mázik,
# Nádvorník, Oldřich Švec, Ondrej Vitovsky, Ondřej Bouda,
# Ondřej Hájek, Ondřej K., Ondřej Karas, Ondřej Světlík,
# Ondřej Vitovsky, Ondřej Vodáček, Ondřej Šeda, Orr, Ota, Oz, Ozzy,
# P. Sedlák, PC, PCR, PFaltyn, PM, PP, PPonec, PV, Pajosh,
# Patricia Goodson Karhanová, Paulus, Pave Cvrček, Pavel Beníšek,
# Pavel Bubák, Pavel Cvrček, Pavel Doležal, Pavel Gloss, Pavel
Machek,
# Pavel Mlčoch, Pavel Novák, Pavel Sedlák, Pavel Tomek,
# Pavel Zbytovský, Pavel Šefránek, Pavel Šoukal, Pavla S.,
# Pavlína Kalašová (Jenofefa), Pavlína Raszyková, PeTa, Petr,
# Petr "pasky" Baudiš, Petr Bošek, Petr Březina, Petr Ferschmann,
# Petr Gajdůšek , Petr Hlávka, Petr
Hořák,
# Petr Kovář, Petr Kyrs, Petr Machek, Petr Menšík, Petr Mikunda,
# Petr Podrazský, Petr Prášek, Petr Písač, Petr Písař,
# Petr Reichl, Petr Tesařík, Petr Tomášek, Petr Špatka,
# Petr Špaček, PetrV, Petra Briknerová, Phobulos, Pino, Pitel,
Pope,
# Průduška, R.Ševčík, RAfi, RKAN, RNDr. Pavel Piskač, Radek Benda,
# Radek Blecha, Radek Kotěšovec, Radek Svoboda, Radim Novotný,
# Radim Ševčík, Radka, Radka D., Ritchie, Robert Batůšek,
# Robert Pěknic, Robert Svoboda, Robin Konečný, Roman Hubáček,
# Roman K. Lukáš, Roman Kamenický, Roman Vašíček, Roman Vrána,
# Rostislav Svoboda, Rudolf Hes, S.K., SN, ShiroiKuma.com, Snaggi,
# SoKOLiK, Stan, Stanislav Horáček, Stanislav Knot, Stinky, Suky,
# Supik, TH, Tolda, TomF, Tomas IV., Tomas Pluskal, TomsonTom,
# Tomáš Balčák, Tomáš Čerevka, TonyMi, Trs, Ttel, V.Nykodym, VP,
# Vadym Dupanov, Vatoz, Vašek Stodůlka, Veryk, Viktor Bruxi,
# Viliam Aufricht, VlK, Vladimír Blažek, Vladimír Návrat,
# Vladimír Pilný, Vladimír Štěpán, Vladislav Kalina,
# Vladislav kalina, Vladyka, Vlastimil Jenderka, Vodnarek,
# Vojtěch Látal, Václav Dvořák, Václav Endler, Václav Kubíček,
# Václav Radoměřský, Václav Strnad, Václav Švirga, Vít Hrachový,
# Vít Profant, Vít Strádal, Vít Zajac, Věroš Kaplan, Waldo Rufus,
# WiruZ, Yakeen, Z. Bartoš, Z.Franče, Zachary Medico, Zbyněk Šťáva,
# Zdenka, Zdeněk, Zdeněk Brož, Zdeněk Brož a automatický překlad,
# Zdeněk Brožinek, Zdeněk Brožy, Zdeněk Mrož, a.herzog@volny.cz,
# ampy [at] liafa.jussieu.fr, anthonix, ap, ari100,
# backfromcrypt@angelfire.com, bb, beka, bhg, big.diamond at
yahoo.com,
# bng, bp, braggart, brkerez, broučková, bta, butrus butrus fakir,
# camel, cartime.com, cartime.eu, chalda, chipmunk, crs,
cryptonomicon,
# cryptonomicon_reader, dave, davkol, deu439, doktor, dond, drow22,
dush,
# dyda, eliška pekárková, evmi, fd, fict10n, fik, fikejz, fikus,
fjey,
# fous, františek Stočes, fred, gentra, ghost, gondver, gorn, grb,
# h0das, hanakosto, hex4, hh, hisi, hledac', holdsun, hydrandt,
hzz,
# ing. eva hrubošová, j, j., j. kalousek, j.kalousek, j_polach,
# j_polach@email.cz, ja, jaaara, jaar, jadd, jak16, jak168, jak256,
jakr,
# jakub kalousek, jan hradi, jana, janule, jenicko, jf, jfo, jihl,
# jirka daněk, jk, joe@hw.cz, jonas, jose, josef()polach.org, jsoe,
# jucas, jurafxp, kalousek, kamarádJan, kat, kavol, kelt, kulayta,
# kutya, kvn, kw, ladaj, lawyer, lejushka, leninzprahy, leste,
logbun,
# luke, lukeon, luni, luno, m, m@n, macska, mamm, mamm & Wikipedie,
# marekb, marko, mb, meli, mely, mere, mermar, metan, metan@ucw.cz,
# mikefrc, mikosoft, mimo, mkh., monkey(s), msx, mykhal, nax,
nebesnaks,
# nebess1, networ, neurol23, neurolXS, nevim, neznámý autor, nijel,
# niki, nina, niranjanananda, noname, numira@i.cz, om, omasta,
omichalek,
# ondřej táborský, onion, op, osvald, otaznik, otaznik.net, ow,
ozzy,
# pajout, parkmaj, pasky, patkmaj, paul hacker,
pavel.frolka@seznam.cz,
# pavlík, pb, pcernoch@imc.cas.cz, pep, petni@code.cz,
petnik@code.cz,
# petr.adamek@bilysklep.cz, petr.prikryl@volny.cz, pino, pk, poky,
pp,
# pponec, pruduska, ps, pteryx, pták, pv, rad, rebus, repulsive,
rkamen,
# rkan, rob.her@gmail.com, romak, rudolf, ruffian, rx@wo.cz, sam,
# samanta, saša, sensei_cz@yahoo.com, sheeryjay, sirra, slady,
smrt, sn,
# spam@jakublucky.cz, stonekv, stu3.1, sweet128, t.tel, tata,
themelin,
# tom, tomasgn, tomm, trautenberk, ttel, v.martin,
v_klamta@email.cz,
# vepro, vh, vitour, vmikolasek@quick.cz, vratino, vv, w, web,
# web – Sec. 75 of the Czech Labor Code,
# web – Sec. 76 of the Czech Labor Code, wo, www,cartime,eu,
# www,cartime.eu, xHire, xkomczax, xo, xpj, zdendos, zdeny, ŠN,
Štefo,
# Štěpán Šrubař, Žaneta Veselková
# "
# A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
# Free Documentation License". |
00-database-info
(gcide) | 00-database-info
This file was converted from the original database on:
Mon Aug 5 21:38:01 2024
The original data is available from:
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcide
(However, this archive does not always contain the most
recent version of the dictionary.)
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below.
No additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this
changed version under the same conditions and restriction that
apply to the original version.
===============================================================
Begin file 1 of 26: Letter A (Version 0.48)
This file is part 1 of the GNU version of
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Also referred to as GCIDE
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
GCIDE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your
option) any later version.
GCIDE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
License along with this copy of GCIDE; see the file COPYING. If
not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
This dictionary was derived from the
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
Version published 1913
by the C. & G. Merriam Co.
Springfield, Mass.
Under the direction of
Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.
and from
WordNet, a semantic network created by
the Cognitive Science Department
of Princeton University
under the direction of
Prof. George Miller
and is being updated and supplemented by
an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from
around the world.
This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an
ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive
encyclopedic dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals
willing to help build a large and freely available knowledge
base. Contributions of data, time, and effort are requested
from any person willing to assist creation of a comprehensive
and organized knowledge base for free access on the internet.
Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a
knowledge base should contact:
Patrick Cassidy pc@worldsoul.org
735 Belvidere Ave. Office: (908)668-5252
Plainfield, NJ 07062
(908) 561-3416
Last edit October 6, 2002.
|
00-database-info
(wn) | 00-database-info
This file was converted from the original database on:
2024-10-19 23:14:36
The original data is available from:
ftp://ftp.cogsci.princeton.edu/pub/wordnet/2.0
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
This software and database is being provided to you, the LICENSEE, by
Princeton University under the following license. By obtaining, using
and/or copying this software and database, you agree that you have
read, understood, and will comply with these terms and conditions.:
Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
database and its documentation for any purpose and without fee or
royalty is hereby granted, provided that you agree to comply with
the following copyright notice and statements, including the disclaimer,
and that the same appear on ALL copies of the software, database and
documentation, including modifications that you make for internal
use or for distribution.
WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
THIS SOFTWARE AND DATABASE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND PRINCETON
UNIVERSITY MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PRINCETON
UNIVERSITY MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT-
ABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE
OF THE LICENSED SOFTWARE, DATABASE OR DOCUMENTATION WILL NOT
INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADEMARKS OR
OTHER RIGHTS.
The name of Princeton University or Princeton may not be used in
advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software
and/or database. Title to copyright in this software, database and
any associated documentation shall at all times remain with
Princeton University and LICENSEE agrees to preserve same.
|
00-database-info
(foldoc) | The original data is available from:
http://foldoc.org/Dictionary.gz
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
Free On-line Dictionary of Computing%%%computer dictionary%%%computing
dictionary%%%Dictionary of Computing%%%FOLDOC%%%Free On-line
Dictionary%%%this dictionary
FOLDOC is a searchable dictionary of acronyms,
jargon, programming languages, tools, architecture, operating
systems, networking, theory, conventions, standards,
mathematics, telecoms, electronics, institutions, companies,
projects, products, history, in fact anything to do with
computing.
Copyright 1985 by Denis Howe
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation
License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the
Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, Front-
or Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
Please refer to the dictionary as "The Free On-line Dictionary
of Computing, http://foldoc.org/, Editor Denis Howe" or
similar. Please make the URL both text (for humans) and a
hyperlink (for Google).
You can search the latest version of the dictionary at URL
http://foldoc.org/.
Where LaTeX commands for certain non-ASCII symbols are
mentioned, they are described in their own entries. "\" is
also used to represent the Greek lower-case lambda used in
lambda-calculus. See Pronunciation for how to interpret
the pronunciation given for some entries.
Cross-references to other entries look like this. Note that
not all cross-references actually lead anywhere yet, but if
you find one that leads to something inappropriate, please let
me know. Dates after entries indicate when that entry was
last updated.
More about FOLDOC (about.html).
(2018-05-22)
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to the thousands of {contributors
(contributors.html)} and especially to the Guest Editors, mirror
site maintainers and the maintainers of the following resources
from which some entries originate:
Mike Sendall's STING Software engineering glossary
, 1993-10-13,
Bill Kinnersley's {Language List
(http://people.ku.edu/~nkinners/LangList/Extras/langlist.htm)}
v2.2, 1994-01-15,
Mark Hopkins' catalogue of Free Compilers and Interpreters
v6.4, 1994-02-28,
The on-line hacker Jargon File v3.0.0, 1993-07-27,
Internet Users' Glossary (RFC 1392, FYI 18), Jan 1993.
John Cross's computer glossary, 1994-11-01.
John Bayko's Great Microprocessors of the Past and Present,
v4.0.0, 1994-08-18.
Electronic Commerce Dictionary.
(2014-09-11)
|
00-database-info
(jargon) | The original data is available from:
http://catb.org/~esr/jargon/jargsrc.tar.gz
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No additional
restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed version under the
same conditions and restriction that apply to the original version.
This document (the Jargon File) is in the public domain, to be freely used,
shared, and modified. There are (by intention) no legal restraints on what you
can do with it, but there are traditions about its proper use to which many
hackers are quite strongly attached. Please extend the courtesy of proper
citation when you quote the File, ideally with a version number, as it will
change and grow over time. (Examples of appropriate citation form: “Jargon File
4.4.7” or “The on-line hacker Jargon File, version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003”.)
|
00databaseinfo
(vera) | The original data is available from:
http://home.snafu.de/ohei
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
100VG
100 Voice Grade [technology]
10GE
10 GigaBIT Ethernet (ethernet, BIT)
|
00databaseinfo
(devil) | The original data is available from:
http://wiretap.area.com/Gopher/Library/Classic/devils.txt
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
The Internet Wiretap 1st Online Edition of
THE DEVIL'S DICTIONARY
by
AMBROSE BIERCE
Copyright 1911 by Albert and Charles Boni, Inc.
A Public Domain Text, Copyright Expired
Released April 15 1993
Entered by Aloysius of &tSftDotIotE
aloysius@west.darkside.com
PREFACE
_The Devil's Dictionary_ was begun in a weekly paper in 1881, and was
continued in a desultory way at long intervals until 1906. In that
year a large part of it was published in covers with the title _The
Cynic's Word Book_, a name which the author had not the power to
reject or happiness to approve. To quote the publishers of the
present work:
"This more reverent title had previously been forced upon him by
the religious scruples of the last newspaper in which a part of the
work had appeared, with the natural consequence that when it came out
in covers the country already had been flooded by its imitators with a
score of 'cynic' books -- _The Cynic's This_, _The Cynic's That_, and
_The Cynic's t'Other_. Most of these books were merely stupid, though
some of them added the distinction of silliness. Among them, they
brought the word 'cynic' into disfavor so deep that any book bearing
it was discredited in advance of publication."
Meantime, too, some of the enterprising humorists of the country
had helped themselves to such parts of the work as served their needs,
and many of its definitions, anecdotes, phrases and so forth, had
become more or less current in popular speech. This explanation is
made, not with any pride of priority in trifles, but in simple denial
of possible charges of plagiarism, which is no trifle. In merely
resuming his own the author hopes to be held guiltless by those to
whom the work is addressed -- enlightened souls who prefer dry wines
to sweet, sense to sentiment, wit to humor and clean English to slang.
A conspicuous, and it is hoped not unpleasant, feature of the book
is its abundant illustrative quotations from eminent poets, chief of
whom is that learned and ingenius cleric, Father Gassalasca Jape,
S.J., whose lines bear his initials. To Father Jape's kindly
encouragement and assistance the author of the prose text is greatly
indebted.
A.B.
|
00databaseinfo
(elements) | The original data is available from:
http://www.miranda.org/~jkominek/elements/
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
Elements database 20001107
This dictionary database was created by Jay F. Kominek
(Feel free to send any comments, additions,
corrections, money to that address) It was compiled from a variety of
sources, and is in my opinion, a work of my own. (The only stuff that
was really copied verbatim was the atomic numbers and weights, please,
I'd like to see someone try and exert a copyright on the values of
atoms.)
So, I place this in the public domain, if it somehow breaks, you get to
keep both pieces. It'd be nice if you kept the fact that I compiled the
information in here, but is not needed.
Up to date copies can probably be found on the web at:
Texts of the superheavy elements are copied from the Wikipedia.
|
00-database-info
(bouvier) | 00-database-info
A
LAW DICTIONARY
ADAPTED TO THE CONSTITUTION AND LAWS OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
AND OF THE
SEVERAL STATES OF THE AMERICAN UNION
With References to the Civil and Other Systems of Foreign Law
by
John Bouvier
Ignoratis terminis ignoratur et ars. - Co. Litt. 2 a.
Je sais que chaque science et chaque art a ses termes
propres, inconnu au commun des hommes. - Fleury
SIXTH EDITION, REVISED, IMPROVED, AND GREATLY ENLARGED.
VOL. I.
---------------------------
PHILADELPHIA
CHILDS & PETERSON, 124 ARCH STREET
1856
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred
and thirty-nine, BY JOHN BOUVIER, In the Clerk's Office of the District
9Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
-----------------------------
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred
and forty-three, BY JOHN BOUVIER, In the Clerk's Office of the District
Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
-----------------------------
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred
and forty-eight, BY JOHN BOUVIER, In the Clerk's Office of the District
Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
-----------------------------
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred
and fifty-two, BY ELIZA BOUVIER and ROBERT E. PETERSON, Trustees, In the
Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Eastern District of
Pennsylvania.
Deacon & Peterson, Printers
66 South Third Street.
TO THE HONORABLE
JOSEPH STORY, L L.D.,
One of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States
THIS WORK is WITH HIS PERMISSION MOST RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED
AS A TOKEN OF
GREAT REGARD ENTERTAINED FOR HIS TALENTS, LEARNING, AND CHARACTER,
BY
THE AUTHOR.
ADVERTISEMENT
TO THE THIRD EDITION
Encouraged by the success of this work, the author has endeavored to
render this edition as perfect as it was possible for him to make it. He
has remoulded very many of the articles contained in the former editions,
and added upwards of twelve hundred new ones.
To render the work as useful as possible, he has added a very copious
index to the whole, which, at the same time that it will assist the
inquirer, will exhibit the great number of subjects treated in these
volumes.
As Kelham's Law Dictionary has been published in this city, and can be
had by those who desire to possess it, that work has not been added as an
appendix to this edition.
Philadelphia, November, 1848.
ADVERTISEMENT
TO THE FOURTH EDITION
Since the publication of the last edition of this work, its author,
sincerely devoted to the advancement of his profession, has given to the
world his Institutes of American Law, in 4 vols. Svo. Always endeavoring to
render his Dictionary as perfect as possible, he was constantly revising it;
and whenever he met with an article which he had omitted, he immediately
prepared it for a new edition. After the completion of his Institutes, in
September last, laboring to severely, he fell a victim to his zeal, and died
on the 18th of November, 1851, at the age of sixty-four.
In preparing this edition, not only has the matter left by its author
been made use of, but additional matter has been added, so that the present
will contain nearly one-third more than the last edition. Under one head,
that of Maxims, nearly thirteen hundred new articles have been added. The
book has been carefully examined, a great portion of it by two members of
the bar, in order that it might be purged, as far as possible, from all
errors of every description. The various changes in the constitutions of the
states made since the last edition, have been noticed, so far as was
compatible with this work; and every effort made to render it as perfect as
a work of the kind would permit, in order that it might still sustain the
reputation given to it by a Dublin barrister, "of being a work of a most
elaborate character, as compared with English works of a similar nature, and
one which should be in every library."
That it may still continue to receive the approbation of the Bench and
Bar of the United States, is the sincere desire of the widow and daughter of
its author.
PREFACE
To the difficulties which the author experienced on his admission to the
bar, the present publication is to be attributed. His endeavours to get
forward in his profession were constantly obstructed, and his efforts for a
long time frustrated, for want of that knowledge which his elder brethren of
the bar seemed to possess. To find among the reports and the various
treatises on the law the object of his inquiry, was a difficult task; he was
in a labyrinth without a guide: and much of the time which was spent in
finding his way out, might, with the friendly assistance of one who was
acquainted with the construction of the edifice, have been saved, and more
profitably employed. He applied to law dictionaries and digests within his
reach, in the hope of being directed to the source whence they derived their
learning, but be was too often disappointed; they seldom pointed out the
authorities where the object of his inquiry might be found. It is true such
works contain a great mass of information, but from the manner in which they
have been compiled, they sometimes embarrassed him more than if he had not
consulted them. They were written for another country, possessing laws
different from our own, and it became a question how far they were or were
not applicable here. Besides, most of the matter in the English law
dictionaries will be found to have been written while the feudal law was in
its full vigor, and not fitted to the present times, nor calculated for
present use, even in England. And there is a great portion which, though
useful to an [vii] English lawyer, is almost useless to the American
student. What, for example, have we to do with those laws of Great Britain
which relate to the person of their king, their nobility, their clergy,
their navy, their army; with their game laws; their local statutes, such as
regulate their banks, their canals, their exchequer, their marriages, their
births, their burials, their beer and ale houses, and a variety of similar
subjects?
The most modern law dictionaries are compilations from the more
ancient, with some modifications and alterations and, in many instances,
they are servile copies, without the slightest alteration. In the mean time
the law has undergone a great change. Formerly the principal object of the
law seemed to be to regulate real property, in all its various artificial
modifications, while little or no attention was bestowed upon the rules
which govern personal property and rights. The mercantile law has since
arisen, like a bright pyramid, amid the gloom of the feudal law, and is now
far more important in practice, than that which refers to real estate. The
law of real property, too, has changed, particularly in this country.
The English law dictionaries would be very unsatisfactory guides, even
in pointing out where the laws relating to the acquisition and transfer of
real estate, or the laws of descent in the United States, are to be found.
And the student who seeks to find in the Dictionaries of Cowel, Manly,
Jacobs, Tomlins, Cunningham, Burn, Montefiore, Pott, Whishaw, Williams, the
Termes de Ley, or any similar compilation, any satisfactory account in
relation to international law, to trade and commerce, to maritime law, to
medical jurisprudence, or to natural law, will probably not be fully
gratified. He cannot, of course, expect to find in them anything in
relation to our government, our constitutions, or our political or civil
institutions.[viii]
It occurred to the author that a law dictionary, written entirely
anew, and calculated to remedy those defects, would be useful to the
profession. Probably overrating his strength, he resolved to undertake the
task, and if he should not fully succeed, he will have the consolation to
know, that his effort may induce some more gifted individual, and better
qualified by his learning, to undertake such a task, and to render the
American bar an important service. Upon an examination of the constitution
and laws of the United States, and of the several states of the American
Union, he perceived many technical expressions and much valuable information
which he would be able to incorporate in his work. Many of these laws,
although local in their nature, will be found useful to every lawyer,
particularly those engaged in mercantile practice. As instances of such laws
the reader is referred to the articles Acknowledgment, Descent, Divorce,
Letters of Administration, and Limitatio. It is within the plan of this
work to explain such technical expressions as relate to the legislative,
executive, or judicial departments of the government; the political and the
civil rights and duties of the citizens; the rights and duties of persons,
particularly such as are peculiar to our institutions, as, the rights of
descent and administration; of the mode of acquiring and transferring
property; to the criminal law, and its administration. It has also been an
object with the author to embody in his work such decisions of the courts as
appeared to him to be important, either because they differed from former
judgments, or because they related to some point which was before either
obscure or unsettled. He does not profess to have examined or even referred
to all the American cases; it is a part of the plan, however, to refer to
authorities, generally, which will lead the student to nearly all the cases.
The author was induced to believe, that an occasional comparison of the
civil, canon, and other systems of foreign law, with our own,[ix] would be
useful to the profession, and illustrate many articles which, without such
aid, would not appear very clear; and also to introduce many terms from
foreign laws, which may supply a deficiency in ours. The articles
Condonation, Extradition, and Novation, are of this sort. He was induced to
adopt this course because the civil law has been considered, perhaps not
without justice, the best system of written reason, and as all laws are or
ought to be founded in reason, it seemed peculiarly proper to have recourse
to this fountain of wisdom: but another motive influenced this decision; one
of the states of the Union derives most of its civil regulations from the
civil law; and there seemed a peculiar propriety, therefore, in introducing
it into an American law dictionary. He also had the example of a Story, a
Kent, Mr. Angell, and others, who have ornamented their works from the same
source. And he here takes the opportunity to acknowledge the benefits which
he has derived from the learned labors of these gentlemen, and of those of
Judge Sergeant, Judge Swift, Judge Gould, Mr. Rawle, and other writers on
American law and jurisprudence.
In the execution of his plan, the author has, in the first place,
defined and explained the various words and phrases, by giving their most
enlarged meaning, and then all the shades of signification of which they are
susceptible; secondly, he has divided the subject in the manner which to him
appeared the most natural, and laid down such principles and rules as belong
to it; in these cases he has generally been careful to give an illustration,
by citing a case whenever the subject seemed to require it, and referring to
others supporting the same point; thirdly, whenever the article admitted of
it, he has compared it with the laws of other countries within his reach,
and pointed out their concord or disagreement; and, fourthly, he has
referred to the authorities, the abridgments, digests, and the [x] ancient
and modem treatises, where the subject is to be found, in order to
facilitate the researches of the student. He desires not to be understood
as professing to cite cases always exactly in point; on the contrary, in
many instances the authorities will probably be found to be but distantly
connected with the subject under examination, but still connected with it,
and they have been added in order to lead the student to matter of which he
may possibly be in pursuit.
To those who are aware of the difficulties of the task, the author
deems it unnecessary to make any apology for the imperfections which may be
found in the work. His object has been to be useful; if that has been
accomplished in any degree, he will be amply rewarded for his labor; and he
relies upon the generous liberality of the members of the profession to
overlook the errors which may have been committed in his endeavors to serve
them.
PHILADELPHIA, September, 1839.
A
LAW DICTIONARY
A, the first letter of the English and most other alphabets, is frequently
used as an abbreviation, (q.v.) and also in the marks of schedules or
papers, as schedule A, B, C, &c. Among the Romans this letter was used in
criminal trials. The judges were furnished with small tables covered with
wax, and each one inscribed on it the initial letter of his vote; A, when he
voted to absolve the party on trial; C, when he was for condemnation; and N
L, (non liquet) when the matter did not appear clearly, and be desired a new
argument.
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00databaseinfo
(mass) | This file was converted from the original database on:
Thu Sep 13 17:30:40 2007
The original data is available from:
http://sk-spell.sk.cx
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
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00databaseinfo
(vera) | The original data is available from:
http://home.snafu.de/ohei
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
100VG
100 Voice Grade [technology]
10GE
10 GigaBIT Ethernet (ethernet, BIT)
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00databaseinfo
(devil) | The original data is available from:
http://wiretap.area.com/Gopher/Library/Classic/devils.txt
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
The Internet Wiretap 1st Online Edition of
THE DEVIL'S DICTIONARY
by
AMBROSE BIERCE
Copyright 1911 by Albert and Charles Boni, Inc.
A Public Domain Text, Copyright Expired
Released April 15 1993
Entered by Aloysius of &tSftDotIotE
aloysius@west.darkside.com
PREFACE
_The Devil's Dictionary_ was begun in a weekly paper in 1881, and was
continued in a desultory way at long intervals until 1906. In that
year a large part of it was published in covers with the title _The
Cynic's Word Book_, a name which the author had not the power to
reject or happiness to approve. To quote the publishers of the
present work:
"This more reverent title had previously been forced upon him by
the religious scruples of the last newspaper in which a part of the
work had appeared, with the natural consequence that when it came out
in covers the country already had been flooded by its imitators with a
score of 'cynic' books -- _The Cynic's This_, _The Cynic's That_, and
_The Cynic's t'Other_. Most of these books were merely stupid, though
some of them added the distinction of silliness. Among them, they
brought the word 'cynic' into disfavor so deep that any book bearing
it was discredited in advance of publication."
Meantime, too, some of the enterprising humorists of the country
had helped themselves to such parts of the work as served their needs,
and many of its definitions, anecdotes, phrases and so forth, had
become more or less current in popular speech. This explanation is
made, not with any pride of priority in trifles, but in simple denial
of possible charges of plagiarism, which is no trifle. In merely
resuming his own the author hopes to be held guiltless by those to
whom the work is addressed -- enlightened souls who prefer dry wines
to sweet, sense to sentiment, wit to humor and clean English to slang.
A conspicuous, and it is hoped not unpleasant, feature of the book
is its abundant illustrative quotations from eminent poets, chief of
whom is that learned and ingenius cleric, Father Gassalasca Jape,
S.J., whose lines bear his initials. To Father Jape's kindly
encouragement and assistance the author of the prose text is greatly
indebted.
A.B.
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(elements) | The original data is available from:
http://www.miranda.org/~jkominek/elements/
The original data was distributed with the notice shown below. No
additional restrictions are claimed. Please redistribute this changed
version under the same conditions and restriction that apply to the
original version.
Elements database 20001107
This dictionary database was created by Jay F. Kominek
(Feel free to send any comments, additions,
corrections, money to that address) It was compiled from a variety of
sources, and is in my opinion, a work of my own. (The only stuff that
was really copied verbatim was the atomic numbers and weights, please,
I'd like to see someone try and exert a copyright on the values of
atoms.)
So, I place this in the public domain, if it somehow breaks, you get to
keep both pieces. It'd be nice if you kept the fact that I compiled the
information in here, but is not needed.
Up to date copies can probably be found on the web at:
Texts of the superheavy elements are copied from the Wikipedia.
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