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Atmospheric railway
(gcide) | Railroad \Rail"road`\ (r[=a]l"r[=o]d`), Railway \Rail"way`\
(r[=a]l"w[=a]`), n.
1. A road or way consisting of one or more parallel series of
iron or steel rails, patterned and adjusted to be tracks
for the wheels of vehicles, and suitably supported on a
bed or substructure.
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Note: The modern railroad is a development and adaptation of
the older tramway.
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2. The road, track, etc., with all the lands, buildings,
rolling stock, franchises, etc., pertaining to them and
constituting one property; as, a certain railroad has been
put into the hands of a receiver.
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Note: Railway is the commoner word in England; railroad the
commoner word in the United States.
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Note: In the following and similar phrases railroad and
railway are used interchangeably:
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Atmospheric railway, Elevated railway, etc. See under
Atmospheric, Elevated, etc.
Cable railway. See Cable road, under Cable.
Ferry railway, a submerged track on which an elevated
platform runs, for carrying a train of cars across a water
course.
Gravity railway, a railway, in a hilly country, on which
the cars run by gravity down gentle slopes for long
distances after having been hauled up steep inclines to an
elevated point by stationary engines.
Railway brake, a brake used in stopping railway cars or
locomotives.
Railway car, a large, heavy vehicle with flanged wheels
fitted for running on a railway. [U.S.]
Railway carriage, a railway passenger car. [Eng.]
Railway scale, a platform scale bearing a track which forms
part of the line of a railway, for weighing loaded cars.
Railway slide. See Transfer table, under Transfer.
Railway spine (Med.), an abnormal condition due to severe
concussion of the spinal cord, such as occurs in railroad
accidents. It is characterized by ataxia and other
disturbances of muscular function, sensory disorders, pain
in the back, impairment of general health, and cerebral
disturbance, -- the symptoms often not developing till
some months after the injury.
Underground railroad Underground railway.
(a) A railroad or railway running through a tunnel, as
beneath the streets of a city.
(b) Formerly, a system of cooperation among certain active
antislavery people in the United States prior to 1866,
by which fugitive slaves were secretly helped to reach
Canada.
Note: [In the latter sense railroad, and not railway, was
usually used.] "Their house was a principal entrep[^o]t
of the underground railroad." --W. D. Howells.
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Atmospheric railway
(gcide) | Atmospheric \At`mos*pher"ic\, Atmospherical \At`mos*pher"ic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. atmosph['e]rique.]
1. Of or pertaining to the atmosphere; of the nature of, or
resembling, the atmosphere; as, atmospheric air; the
atmospheric envelope of the earth.
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2. Existing or occurring in the atmosphere.
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The lower atmospheric current. --Darwin.
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3. Caused, or operated on, by the atmosphere; as, an
atmospheric effect; an atmospheric engine.
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4. Dependent on the atmosphere. [R.]
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In am so atmospherical a creature. --Pope.
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Atmospheric engine, a steam engine whose piston descends by
the pressure of the atmosphere, when the steam which
raised it is condensed within the cylinder. --Tomlinson.
Atmospheric line (Steam Engin.), the equilibrium line of an
indicator card. Steam is expanded "down to the atmosphere"
when its pressure is equal to that of the atmosphere. (See
Indicator card.)
Atmospheric pressure, the pressure exerted by the
atmosphere, not merely downwards, but in every direction.
In amounts to about 14.7 Ibs. on each square inch.
Atmospheric railway, one in which pneumatic power, obtained
from compressed air or the creation of a vacuum, is the
propelling force.
Atmospheric tides. See under Tide.
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