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Barons of the exchequer
(gcide) | Baron \Bar"on\, n. [OE. baron, barun, OF. baron, accus. of ber,
F. baron, prob. fr. OHG. baro (not found) bearer, akin to E.
bear to support; cf. O. Frisian bere, LL. baro, It. barone,
Sp. varon. From the meaning bearer (of burdens) seem to have
come the senses strong man, man (in distinction from woman),
which is the oldest meaning in French, and lastly, nobleman.
Cf. L. baro, simpleton. See Bear to support.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A title or degree of nobility; originally, the possessor
of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern
times, in France and Germany, a nobleman next in rank
below a count; in England, a nobleman of the lowest grade
in the House of Lords, being next below a viscount.
[1913 Webster]
Note: "The tenants in chief from the Crown, who held lands of
the annual value of four hundred pounds, were styled
Barons; and it is to them, and not to the members of
the lowest grade of the nobility (to whom the title at
the present time belongs), that reference is made when
we read of the Barons of the early days of England's
history. . . . Barons are addressed as `My Lord,' and
are styled `Right Honorable.' All their sons and
daughters are `Honorable.'" --Cussans.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Old Law) A husband; as, baron and feme, husband and wife.
[R.] --Cowell.
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Baron of beef, two sirloins not cut asunder at the
backbone.
Barons of the Cinque Ports, formerly members of the House
of Commons, elected by the seven Cinque Ports, two for
each port.
Barons of the exchequer, the judges of the Court of
Exchequer, one of the three ancient courts of England, now
abolished.
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Barons of the exchequer
(gcide) | Exchequer \Ex*cheq"uer\, n. [OE. escheker, OF. eichekier, fr.
LL. scaccarium. See Checker, Chess, Check.]
1. One of the superior courts of law; -- so called from a
checkered cloth, which covers, or formerly covered, the
table. [Eng.]
[1913 Webster]
Note: The exchequer was a court of law and equity. In the
revenue department, it had jurisdiction over the
proprietary rights of the crown against subjects; in
the common law department, it administered justice in
personal actions between subject and subject. A person
proceeding against another in the revenue department
was said to exchequer him. The judges of this court
were one chief and four puisne barons, so styled. The
Court of Exchequer Chamber sat as court of error in
which the judgments of each of the superior courts of
common law, in England, were subject to revision by the
judges of the other two sitting collectively. Causes
involving difficult questions of law were sometimes
after argument, adjourned into this court from the
other courts, for debate before judgment in the court
below. Recent legislation in England (1880) has
abolished the Court of Exchequer and the Court of
Exchequer Chamber, as distinct tribunals, a single
board of judiciary, the High Court of Justice, being
established for the trial of all classes of civil
cases. --Wharton.
[1913 Webster]
2. The department of state having charge of the collection
and management of the royal revenue. [Eng.] Hence, the
treasury; and, colloquially, pecuniary possessions in
general; as, the company's exchequer is low.
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Barons of the exchequer. See under Baron.
Chancellor of the exchequer. See under Chancellor.
Exchequer bills or Exchequer bonds (Eng.), bills of
money, or promissory bills, issued from the exchequer by
authority of Parliament; a species of paper currency
emitted under the authority of the government, and bearing
interest.
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