| slovo | definícia |
jewish calendar
(encz) | Jewish calendar, |
Jewish calendar
(gcide) | Jewish calendar \Jew"ish cal"en*dar\
A lunisolar calendar in use among Hebraic peoples, reckoning
from the year 3761 b. c., the date traditionally given for
the Creation.
Note: It received its present fixed form from Hillel II.
about 360 a. d. The present names of the months, which
are Babylonian-Assyrian in origin, replaced older ones,
Abib, Bul, etc., at the time of the Babylonian Exile.
Nineteen years constitute a lunar cycle, of which the
3d, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years are leap
years. The year 5663 [1902-3 a. d.] was the first year
of the 299th lunar cycle. The common year is said to be
defective, regular, or perfect (or abundant) according
as it has 353, 354, or 355 days. The leap year has an
intercalary month, and a total of 383 (defective), 384
(regular), or 385 (perfect, or abundant) days. The
calendar is complicated by various rules providing for
the harmonious arrangement of festivals, etc., so that
no simple perpetual calendar can be constructed. The
following table gives the months in order, with the
number of days assigned to each. Only three months vary
in length. They are: Heshvan, which has 30 days in
perfect years; Kislev, which has 30 days in regular and
perfect years; and Adar, which has 30 days in leap
years. The ecclesiastical year commences with Nisan and
the civil year with Tishri. The date of the first of
Tishri, or the Jewish New Year, is also given for the
Jewish years 5661-5696 (1900-1935 a. d.). From these
tables it is possible to transform any Jewish date into
Christian, or vice versa, for the years 1900-1935 a. d.
Months of the Jewish Year. 1 Tishri . . . . . . 30 2
Heshvan . . . . . 29 (r. & d.) or 30 (p.) 3 Kislev . .
. . . . 29 (d.) or 30 (r. & p.) 4 Tebet . . . . . . 29
5 Shebat . . . . . . 30 6 Adar . . . . . . . 29 or 30
(l.) -- Veadar . . . . . 29 (occuring only in leap
years) 7 Nisan . . . . . . .30 8 Ivar . . . . . . ..29
9 Sivan . . . . . . .30 10 Tammux . . . . . . 29 11 Ab
. . . . . . . . 30 12 Elul . . . . . . ..29 |
jewish calendar
(wn) | Jewish calendar
n 1: (Judaism) the calendar used by the Jews; dates from 3761 BC
(the assumed date of the Creation of the world); a lunar
year of 354 days is adjusted to the solar year by periodic
leap years [syn: Jewish calendar, Hebrew calendar] |
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