| slovo | definícia |
reprisal
(encz) | reprisal,odveta n: Zdeněk Brož |
Reprisal
(gcide) | Reprisal \Re*pris"al\ (r?-priz"al), n. [F. repr?saille, It.
ripresaglia, rappresaglia, LL. reprensaliae, fr. L.
reprehendere, reprehensum. See Reprehend, Reprise.]
1. The act of taking from an enemy by way of reteliation or
indemnity.
[1913 Webster]
Debatable ground, on which incursions and reprisals
continued to take place. --Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
2. Anything taken from an enemy in retaliation.
[1913 Webster]
3. The act of retorting on an enemy by inflicting suffering
or death on a prisoner taken from him, in retaliation for
an act of inhumanity. --Vattel (Trans.)
[1913 Webster]
4. Any act of retaliation. --Waterland.
[1913 Webster]
Letters of marque and reprisal. See under Marque.
[1913 Webster] |
reprisal
(wn) | reprisal
n 1: a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
letter of mark and reprisal
(encz) | letter of mark and reprisal, n: |
reprisal
(encz) | reprisal,odveta n: Zdeněk Brož |
reprisals
(encz) | reprisals,represálie n: Zdeněk Brož |
Letters of marque and reprisal
(gcide) | Marque \Marque\, n. [F. marque, in lettre de marque letter of
marque, a commission with which the commandant of every armed
vessel was obliged to be provided, under penalty of being
considered a pirate or corsair; marque here prob. meaning,
border, boundary (the letter of marque being a permission to
go beyond the border), and of German origin. See March
border.] (Law)
A license to pass the limits of a jurisdiction, or boundary
of a country, for the purpose of making reprisals.
[1913 Webster]
Letters of marque, Letters of marque and reprisal, a
license or extraordinary commission granted by a
government to a private person to fit out a privateer or
armed ship to cruise at sea and make prize of the enemy's
ships and merchandise. The ship so commissioned is
sometimes called a letter of marque.
[1913 Webster]Reprisal \Re*pris"al\ (r?-priz"al), n. [F. repr?saille, It.
ripresaglia, rappresaglia, LL. reprensaliae, fr. L.
reprehendere, reprehensum. See Reprehend, Reprise.]
1. The act of taking from an enemy by way of reteliation or
indemnity.
[1913 Webster]
Debatable ground, on which incursions and reprisals
continued to take place. --Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
2. Anything taken from an enemy in retaliation.
[1913 Webster]
3. The act of retorting on an enemy by inflicting suffering
or death on a prisoner taken from him, in retaliation for
an act of inhumanity. --Vattel (Trans.)
[1913 Webster]
4. Any act of retaliation. --Waterland.
[1913 Webster]
Letters of marque and reprisal. See under Marque.
[1913 Webster] |
letter of mark and reprisal
(wn) | letter of mark and reprisal
n 1: a license to a private citizen to seize property of another
nation [syn: letter of marque, letters of marque,
letter of mark and reprisal] |
reprisal
(wn) | reprisal
n 1: a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime |
LETTER OF MARQUE AND REPRISAL
(bouvier) | LETTER OF MARQUE AND REPRISAL, War. A commission granted by the government
to a private individual, to take the property of a foreign state, or of the
citizens or subjects of such state, as a reparation for an injury committed
by such state, its citizens or subjects. A vessel loaded with merchandise,
on a voyage to a friendly port, but armed for its own defence in case of
attack by an enemy, is also called a letter of marque. 1 Boulay Paty, tit.
3, s. 2, p. 300.
2. By the constitution, art. 1, s. 8, cl. 11, congress has power to
grant letters of marque and reprisal. Vide Chit. Law of Nat. 73; 1 Black.
Com. 251; Vin. Ab. Prerogative, N a; Com. Dig. Prerogative, B 4; Molloy, B.
1, c. 2, s. 10; 2 Woodes. 440; 6 Rob. Rep. 9; 5 Id. 360; 2 Rob. Rep. 224.
And vide Reprisal.
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REPRISALS
(bouvier) | REPRISALS, war. The forcibly taking a thing by one nation which belonged to
another, in return or satisfaction for a injury committed by the latter on
the former. Vatt. B., 2, ch. 18, s. 342; 1 Bl. Com. ch. 7.
2. Reprisals are used between nation and nation to do themselves
justice, when they cannot otherwise obtain it. Congress have the power to
grant letters of marque (q.v.) and reprisal. Const. art. 1, s. 8 cl. 11.
3. Reprisals are made in two ways either by embargo, in which case the
act is that of the state; or, by letters of marque and reprisals, in which
case the act is that of the citizen, authorized by the government. Vide 2
Bro. Civ. Law, 334.
4. Reprisals are divided into negative, when a nation refuses to fulfill
a perfect obligation, which it has contracted, or to permit another state to
enjoy a right which it justly claims; or positive, when they consist in
seizing the persons and effects belonging to the other nation, in order to
obtain satisfaction.
5. They are also general or special. They are general when a state
which has received, or supposes it has received an injury from another
nation delivers commissions to its officers and subjects to take the persons
and property belonging to the other nation, in retaliation for such acts,
wherever they may be found. It usually amounts to a declaration of war.
Special reprisals are such as are granted in times of peace, to particular
individuals who have suffered an injury from the citizens or subjects of the
other nation. Bynker. Quaest. Jur. Pub. lib. 1, Duponce, au's Translation,
p. 182, note; Dall. Diet. Prises maritimes, axt. 2, Sec. 5.
6. The property seized in making reprisals is preserved, while there is
any hope of obtaining satisfaction or justice, as soon as that hope
disappears, it is confiscated, and then the reprisal is complete. Vattel, B.
2, c. 18, Sec. 342.
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