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Specific duty
(gcide) | specific \spe*cif"ic\ (sp[-e]*s[i^]f"[i^]k), a. [F.
sp['e]cifique, or NL. spesificus; L. species a particular
sort or kind + facere to make. Cf. specify.]
1. Of or pertaining to a species; characterizing or
constituting a species; possessing the peculiar property
or properties of a thing which constitute its species, and
distinguish it from other things; as, the specific form of
an animal or a plant; the specific qualities of a drug;
the specific distinction between virtue and vice.
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Specific difference is that primary attribute which
distinguishes each species from one another. --I.
Watts.
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2. Specifying; definite, or making definite; limited;
precise; discriminating; as, a specific statement.
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3. (Med.) Exerting a peculiar influence over any part of the
body; preventing or curing disease by a peculiar
adaptation, and not on general principles; as, quinine is
a specific medicine in cases of malaria.
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In fact, all medicines will be found specific in the
perfection of the science. --Coleridge.
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Specific character (Nat. Hist.), a characteristic or
characteristics distinguishing one species from every
other species of the same genus.
Specific disease (Med.)
(a) A disease which produces a determinate definite effect
upon the blood and tissues or upon some special
tissue.
(b) A disease which is itself uniformly produced by a
definite and peculiar poison or organism.
Specific duty. (Com.) See under Duty.
Specific gravity. (Physics) See under Gravity.
Specific heat (Physics), the quantity of heat required to
raise the temperature of a body one degree, taking as the
unit of measure the quantity required to raise the same
weight of water from zero to one degree; thus, the
specific heat of mercury is 0.033, that of water being
1.000.
Specific inductive capacity (Physics), the effect of a
dielectric body in producing static electric induction as
compared with that of some other body or bodies referred
to as a standard.
Specific legacy (Law), a bequest of a particular thing, as
of a particular animal or piece of furniture, specified
and distinguished from all others. --Wharton. --Burrill.
Specific name (Nat. Hist.), the name which, appended to the
name of the genus, constitutes the distinctive name of the
species; -- originally applied by Linnaeus to the
essential character of the species, or the essential
difference. The present specific name he at first called
the trivial name.
Specific performance (Law), the peformance of a contract or
agreement as decreed by a court of equity.
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Specific duty
(gcide) | Duty \Du"ty\, n.; pl. Duties. [From Due.]
1. That which is due; payment. [Obs. as signifying a material
thing.]
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When thou receivest money for thy labor or ware,
thou receivest thy duty. --Tyndale.
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2. That which a person is bound by moral obligation to do, or
refrain from doing; that which one ought to do; service
morally obligatory.
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Forgetting his duty toward God, his sovereign lord,
and his country. --Hallam.
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3. Hence, any assigned service or business; as, the duties of
a policeman, or a soldier; to be on duty.
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With records sweet of duties done. --Keble.
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To employ him on the hardest and most imperative
duty. --Hallam.
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Duty is a graver term than obligation. A duty hardly
exists to do trivial things; but there may be an
obligation to do them. --C. J. Smith.
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4. Specifically, obedience or submission due to parents and
superiors. --Shak.
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5. Respect; reverence; regard; act of respect; homage. "My
duty to you." --Shak.
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6. (Engin.) The efficiency of an engine, especially a steam
pumping engine, as measured by work done by a certain
quantity of fuel; usually, the number of pounds of water
lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94 lbs. old
standard), or by 1 cwt. (112 lbs., England, or 100 lbs.,
United States).
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7. (Com.) Tax, toll, impost, or customs; excise; any sum of
money required by government to be paid on the
importation, exportation, or consumption of goods.
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Note: An impost on land or other real estate, and on the
stock of farmers, is not called a duty, but a direct
tax. [U.S.]
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Ad valorem duty, a duty which is graded according to the
cost, or market value, of the article taxed. See {Ad
valorem}.
Specific duty, a duty of a specific sum assessed on an
article without reference to its value or market.
On duty, actually engaged in the performance of one's
assigned task.
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