| slovo | definícia |
syntactic
(encz) | syntactic,syntaktický adj: Zdeněk Brož |
Syntactic
(gcide) | Syntactic \Syn*tac"tic\, Syntactical \Syn*tac"tic*al\, a. [Cf.
G. ? putting together. See Syntax.]
Of or pertaining to syntax; according to the rules of syntax,
or construction. -- Syn*tac"tic*al*ly, adv.
[1913 Webster] |
syntactic
(wn) | syntactic
adj 1: of or relating to or conforming to the rules of syntax;
"the syntactic rules of a language" [syn: syntactic,
syntactical] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
syntactic
(encz) | syntactic,syntaktický adj: Zdeněk Brož |
syntactic category
(encz) | syntactic category, n: |
syntactical
(encz) | syntactical,skladebný adj: Zdeněk Brožsyntactical,syntaktický adj: Zdeněk Brož |
syntactically
(encz) | syntactically,syntakticky adv: Zdeněk Brož |
syntactically independent
(encz) | syntactically independent, adj: |
syntactician
(encz) | syntactician, n: |
syntactic pattern matching
(gcide) | Pattern matching \Pat"tern match"ing\, n. [See pattern.]
(Computers)
A technique in automated data analysis, usually performed on
a computer, by which a group of characteristic properties of
an unknown object is compared with the comparable groups of
characteristics of a set of known objects, to discover the
idenity or proper classification of the unknown object.
Note: There are two major types of pattern matching,
statistical pattern matching and {syntactic pattern
matching}. In statistical pattern matching, the
criteria used to recognize identity or class membership
vary, but in general some combination of the
differences in the groups of characteristics of known
and unknown objects are considered to be a measure of
the difference ("distance") between them, and the
closest known object or objects are viewed as
presenting the most likely identity or class for the
unknown object. In syntactic pattern matching, a set of
known patterns, e.g. as in the possible order of parts
of speech in a language, is defined, and the unknown
pattern is compared to find that known pattern or
patterns which matches the unknown exactly. In general,
statistical pattern matching is used where properties
of objects with continuous values are being compared,
and syntactic pattern matching where a complex
arrangement of at least two different objects may be
built by application of a set of rules (a "grammar")
for combining the objects in a specified order.
Examples of the latter are natural and formal
languages.
[PJC] |
Syntactical
(gcide) | Syntactic \Syn*tac"tic\, Syntactical \Syn*tac"tic*al\, a. [Cf.
G. ? putting together. See Syntax.]
Of or pertaining to syntax; according to the rules of syntax,
or construction. -- Syn*tac"tic*al*ly, adv.
[1913 Webster] |
Syntactically
(gcide) | Syntactic \Syn*tac"tic\, Syntactical \Syn*tac"tic*al\, a. [Cf.
G. ? putting together. See Syntax.]
Of or pertaining to syntax; according to the rules of syntax,
or construction. -- Syn*tac"tic*al*ly, adv.
[1913 Webster] |
syntactic
(wn) | syntactic
adj 1: of or relating to or conforming to the rules of syntax;
"the syntactic rules of a language" [syn: syntactic,
syntactical] |
syntactic category
(wn) | syntactic category
n 1: (grammar) a category of words having the same grammatical
properties [syn: grammatical category, {syntactic
category}] |
syntactical
(wn) | syntactical
adj 1: of or relating to or conforming to the rules of syntax;
"the syntactic rules of a language" [syn: syntactic,
syntactical] |
syntactically
(wn) | syntactically
adv 1: with respect to syntax; "syntactically ill-formed" |
syntactician
(wn) | syntactician
n 1: a linguist who specializes in the study of grammar and
syntax [syn: grammarian, syntactician] |
metasyntactic variable
(foldoc) | metasyntactic variable
Strictly, a variable used in metasyntax, but
often used for any name used in examples and understood to
stand for whatever thing is under discussion, or any random
member of a class of things under discussion. The word foo
is the canonical example. To avoid confusion, hackers never
(well, hardly ever) use "foo" or other words like it as
permanent names for anything.
In filenames, a common convention is that any filename
beginning with a metasyntactic-variable name is a scratch
file that may be deleted at any time.
To some extent, the list of one's preferred metasyntactic
variables is a cultural signature. They occur both in series
(used for related groups of variables or objects) and as
singletons. Here are a few common signatures:
foo, bar, baz, quux, quuux, quuuux...: MIT/Stanford usage,
now found everywhere. At MIT (but not at Stanford), baz dropped
out of use for a while in the 1970s and '80s. A common recent
mutation of this sequence inserts qux before quux.
bazola, ztesch: Stanford (from mid-'70s on).
foo, bar, thud, grunt: This series was popular at CMU.
Other CMU-associated variables include ack, barf, foo, and
gorp.
foo, bar, fum: This series is reported to be common at
Xerox PARC.
fred, barney: See the entry for fred. These tend to be
Britishisms.
toto, titi, tata, tutu: Standard series of metasyntactic
variables among francophones.
corge, grault, flarp: Popular at Rutgers University and
among GOSMACS hackers.
zxc, spqr, wombat: Cambridge University (England).
shme: Berkeley, GeoWorks, Ingres. Pronounced /shme/ with a
short /e/.
foo, bar, zot: Helsinki University of Technology,
Finland.
blarg, wibble: New Zealand
Of all these, only "foo" and "bar" are universal (and baz
nearly so). The compounds foobar and "foobaz" also enjoy
very wide currency.
Some jargon terms are also used as metasyntactic names; barf
and mumble, for example.
See also Commonwealth Hackish for discussion of numerous
metasyntactic variables found in Great Britain and the
Commonwealth.
[Jargon File]
(1995-11-13)
|
syntactic salt
(foldoc) | syntactic salt
The opposite of syntactic sugar, a feature designed to make
it harder to write bad code. Specifically, syntactic salt is
a hoop the programmer must jump through just to prove that he
knows what's going on, rather than to express a program
action. Some programmers consider required type declarations
to be syntactic salt. A requirement to write "end if", "end
while", "end do", etc. to terminate the last block controlled
by a control construct (as opposed to just "end") would
definitely be syntactic salt. Syntactic salt is like the real
thing in that it tends to raise hackers' blood pressures in an
unhealthy way. Compare candygrammar.
[Jargon File]
|
syntactic sugar
(foldoc) | syntactic sugar
Term coined by Peter Landin for additions to the syntax of a
language which do not affect its expressiveness but make it
"sweeter" for humans to use. Syntactic sugar gives the
programmer an alternative way of coding that is more succinct
or more like some familiar notation. It does not affect the
expressiveness of the formalism (compare chrome).
Syntactic sugar can be easily translated ("desugared") to
produce a program in some simpler "core" syntax. E.g. C's
"a[i]" notation is syntactic sugar for "*(a + i)". In a
(curried) functional language, all operators are really
functions and the use of infix notation "x+y" is syntactic
sugar for function application "(+) x y".
Alan Perlis once quipped, "Syntactic sugar causes cancer of
the semicolon."
The variants "syntactic saccharin" and "syntactic syrup" are
also recorded. These denote something even more gratuitous,
in that they serve no purpose at all. Compare candygrammar,
syntactic salt.
|
metasyntactic variable
(jargon) | metasyntactic variable
n.
A name used in examples and understood to stand for whatever thing is under
discussion, or any random member of a class of things under discussion. The
word foo is the canonical example. To avoid confusion, hackers never
(well, hardly ever) use ‘foo’ or other words like it as permanent names for
anything. In filenames, a common convention is that any filename beginning
with a metasyntactic-variable name is a scratch file that may be deleted
at any time.
Metasyntactic variables are so called because (1) they are variables in the
metalanguage used to talk about programs etc; (2) they are variables whose
values are often variables (as in usages like “the value of f(foo,bar) is
the sum of foo and bar”). However, it has been plausibly suggested that the
real reason for the term “metasyntactic variable” is that it sounds good.
To some extent, the list of one's preferred metasyntactic variables is a
cultural signature. They occur both in series (used for related groups of
variables or objects) and as singletons. Here are a few common signatures:
┌───────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│foo, bar, {│MIT/Stanford usage, now found everywhere (thanks largely │
│baz}, quux, │to early versions of this lexicon!). At MIT (but not at │
│quuux, │Stanford), baz dropped out of use for a while in the │
│quuuux...: │1970s and '80s. A common recent mutation of this sequence│
│ │inserts quxbefore quux. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│bazola, ztesch:│Stanford (from mid-'70s on). │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│foo, bar, │This series was popular at CMU. Other CMU-associated │
│thud, grunt: │variables include gorp. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │Waterloo University. We are informed that the CS club at │
│foo, bar, │Waterloo formerly had a sign on its door reading “Ye Olde│
│bletch: │Foo Bar and Grill”; this led to an attempt to establish “│
│ │grill” as the third metasyntactic variable, but it never │
│ │caught on. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│foo, bar, │This series is reported to be common at XEROX PARC. │
│fum: │ │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│fred, jim, │ │
│sheila, barney│See the entry for {fred. These tend to be Britishisms. │
│}: │ │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│flarp: │Popular at Rutgers University and among GOSMACS │
│ │hackers. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│zxc, spqr, │Cambridge University (England). │
│wombat: │ │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│shme │Berkeley, GeoWorks, Ingres. Pronounced /shme/ with a │
│ │short /e/. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│foo, bar, baz, │Yale, late 1970s. │
│bongo │ │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│spam, eggs │Python programmers. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│snork │Brown University, early 1970s. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│foo, bar, │Helsinki University of Technology, Finland. │
│zot │ │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│blarg, wibble│New Zealand. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│toto, titi, │France. │
│tata, tutu │ │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│pippo, pluto, │Italy. Pippo /pee'po/ and Paperino /pa·per·ee'·no/ are │
│paperino │the Italian names for Goofy and Donald Duck. Pluto, of │
│ │course, is Mickey's dog. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│aap, noot, mies│The Netherlands. These are the first words a child used │
│ │to learn to spell on a Dutch spelling board. │
├───────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│oogle, foogle, │These two series (which may be continued with other │
│boogle; zork, │initial consonents) are reportedly common in England, and│
│gork, bork │said to go back to Lewis Carroll. │
└───────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Of all these, only foo and bar are universal (and baz nearly so). The
compounds foobar and foobaz also enjoy very wide currency. Some jargon
terms are also used as metasyntactic names; barf and mumble, for
example. See also Commonwealth Hackish for discussion of numerous
metasyntactic variables found in Great Britain and the Commonwealth.
|
syntactic salt
(jargon) | syntactic salt
n.
The opposite of syntactic sugar, a feature designed to make it harder to
write bad code. Specifically, syntactic salt is a hoop the programmer must
jump through just to prove that he knows what's going on, rather than to
express a program action. Some programmers consider required type
declarations to be syntactic salt. A requirement to write end if, end while
, end do, etc.: to terminate the last block controlled by a control
construct (as opposed to just end) would definitely be syntactic salt.
Syntactic salt is like the real thing in that it tends to raise hackers'
blood pressures in an unhealthy way. Compare candygrammar.
|
syntactic sugar
(jargon) | syntactic sugar
n.
[coined by Peter Landin] Features added to a language or other formalism to
make it ‘sweeter’ for humans, but which do not affect the expressiveness of
the formalism (compare chrome). Used esp. when there is an obvious and
trivial translation of the ‘sugar’ feature into other constructs already
present in the notation. C's a[i] notation is syntactic sugar for *(a + i).
“Syntactic sugar causes cancer of the semicolon.” — Alan Perlis.
The variants syntactic saccharin and syntactic syrup are also recorded.
These denote something even more gratuitous, in that syntactic sugar serves
a purpose (making something more acceptable to humans), but syntactic
saccharin or syrup serve no purpose at all. Compare candygrammar, {
syntactic salt}.
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