| slovo | definícia |
To come by
(gcide) | Come \Come\, v. i. [imp. Came; p. p. Come; p. pr & vb. n.
Coming.] [OE. cumen, comen, AS. cuman; akin to OS.kuman, D.
komen, OHG. queman, G. kommen, Icel. koma, Sw. komma, Dan.
komme, Goth. giman, L. venire (gvenire), Gr. ? to go, Skr.
gam. [root]23. Cf. Base, n., Convene, Adventure.]
1. To move hitherward; to draw near; to approach the speaker,
or some place or person indicated; -- opposed to go.
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Look, who comes yonder? --Shak.
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I did not come to curse thee. --Tennyson.
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2. To complete a movement toward a place; to arrive.
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When we came to Rome. --Acts xxviii.
16.
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Lately come from Italy. --Acts xviii.
2.
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3. To approach or arrive, as if by a journey or from a
distance. "Thy kingdom come." --Matt. vi. 10.
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The hour is coming, and now is. --John. v. 25.
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So quick bright things come to confusion. --Shak.
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4. To approach or arrive, as the result of a cause, or of the
act of another.
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From whence come wars? --James iv. 1.
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Both riches and honor come of thee ! --1 Chron.
xxix. 12.
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5. To arrive in sight; to be manifest; to appear.
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Then butter does refuse to come. --Hudibras.
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6. To get to be, as the result of change or progress; -- with
a predicate; as, to come untied.
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How come you thus estranged? --Shak.
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How come her eyes so bright? --Shak.
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Note: Am come, is come, etc., are frequently used instead of
have come, has come, etc., esp. in poetry. The verb to
be gives a clearer adjectival significance to the
participle as expressing a state or condition of the
subject, while the auxiliary have expresses simply the
completion of the action signified by the verb.
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Think not that I am come to destroy. --Matt. v.
17.
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We are come off like Romans. --Shak.
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The melancholy days are come, the saddest of the
year. --Bryant.
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Note: Come may properly be used (instead of go) in speaking
of a movement hence, or away, when there is reference
to an approach to the person addressed; as, I shall
come home next week; he will come to your house to-day.
It is used with other verbs almost as an auxiliary,
indicative of approach to the action or state expressed
by the verb; as, how came you to do it? Come is used
colloquially, with reference to a definite future time
approaching, without an auxiliary; as, it will be two
years, come next Christmas; i. e., when Christmas shall
come.
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They were cried
In meeting, come next Sunday. --Lowell.
Come, in the imperative, is used to excite attention,
or to invite to motion or joint action; come, let us
go. "This is the heir; come, let us kill him." --Matt.
xxi. 38. When repeated, it sometimes expresses haste,
or impatience, and sometimes rebuke. "Come, come, no
time for lamentation now." --Milton.
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To come, yet to arrive, future. "In times to come."
--Dryden. "There's pippins and cheese to come." --Shak.
To come about.
(a) To come to pass; to arrive; to happen; to result; as,
how did these things come about?
(b) To change; to come round; as, the ship comes about.
"The wind is come about." --Shak.
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On better thoughts, and my urged reasons,
They are come about, and won to the true side.
--B. Jonson.
To come abroad.
(a) To move or be away from one's home or country. "Am
come abroad to see the world." --Shak.
(b) To become public or known. [Obs.] "Neither was
anything kept secret, but that it should come abroad."
--Mark. iv. 22.
To come across, to meet; to find, esp. by chance or
suddenly. "We come across more than one incidental mention
of those wars." --E. A. Freeman. "Wagner's was certainly
one of the strongest and most independent natures I ever
came across." --H. R. Haweis.
To come after.
(a) To follow.
(b) To come to take or to obtain; as, to come after a
book.
To come again, to return. "His spirit came again and he
revived." --Judges. xv. 19. -
To come and go.
(a) To appear and disappear; to change; to alternate. "The
color of the king doth come and go." --Shak.
(b) (Mech.) To play backward and forward.
To come at.
(a) To reach; to arrive within reach of; to gain; as, to
come at a true knowledge of ourselves.
(b) To come toward; to attack; as, he came at me with
fury.
To come away, to part or depart.
To come between, to intervene; to separate; hence, to cause
estrangement.
To come by.
(a) To obtain, gain, acquire. "Examine how you came by all
your state." --Dryden.
(b) To pass near or by way of.
To come down.
(a) To descend.
(b) To be humbled.
To come down upon, to call to account, to reprimand.
[Colloq.] --Dickens.
To come home.
(a) To return to one's house or family.
(b) To come close; to press closely; to touch the
feelings, interest, or reason.
(c) (Naut.) To be loosened from the ground; -- said of an
anchor.
To come in.
(a) To enter, as a town, house, etc. "The thief cometh
in." --Hos. vii. 1.
(b) To arrive; as, when my ship comes in.
(c) To assume official station or duties; as, when Lincoln
came in.
(d) To comply; to yield; to surrender. "We need not fear
his coming in" --Massinger.
(e) To be brought into use. "Silken garments did not come
in till late." --Arbuthnot.
(f) To be added or inserted; to be or become a part of.
(g) To accrue as gain from any business or investment.
(h) To mature and yield a harvest; as, the crops come in
well.
(i) To have sexual intercourse; -- with to or unto. --Gen.
xxxviii. 16.
(j) To have young; to bring forth; as, the cow will come
in next May. [U. S.]
To come in for, to claim or receive. "The rest came in for
subsidies." --Swift.
To come into, to join with; to take part in; to agree to;
to comply with; as, to come into a party or scheme.
To come it over, to hoodwink; to get the advantage of.
[Colloq.]
To come near or To come nigh, to approach in place or
quality; to be equal to. "Nothing ancient or modern seems
to come near it." --Sir W. Temple.
To come of.
(a) To descend or spring from. "Of Priam's royal race my
mother came." --Dryden.
(b) To result or follow from. "This comes of judging by
the eye." --L'Estrange.
To come off.
(a) To depart or pass off from.
(b) To get free; to get away; to escape.
(c) To be carried through; to pass off; as, it came off
well.
(d) To acquit one's self; to issue from (a contest, etc.);
as, he came off with honor; hence, substantively, a
come-off, an escape; an excuse; an evasion. [Colloq.]
(e) To pay over; to give. [Obs.]
(f) To take place; to happen; as, when does the race come
off?
(g) To be or become after some delay; as, the weather came
off very fine.
(h) To slip off or be taken off, as a garment; to
separate.
(i) To hurry away; to get through. --Chaucer.
To come off by, to suffer. [Obs.] "To come off by the
worst." --Calamy.
To come off from, to leave. "To come off from these grave
disquisitions." --Felton.
To come on.
(a) To advance; to make progress; to thrive.
(b) To move forward; to approach; to supervene.
To come out.
(a) To pass out or depart, as from a country, room,
company, etc. "They shall come out with great
substance." --Gen. xv. 14.
(b) To become public; to appear; to be published. "It is
indeed come out at last." --Bp. Stillingfleet.
(c) To end; to result; to turn out; as, how will this
affair come out? he has come out well at last.
(d) To be introduced into society; as, she came out two
seasons ago.
(e) To appear; to show itself; as, the sun came out.
(f) To take sides; to announce a position publicly; as, he
came out against the tariff.
(g) To publicly admit oneself to be homosexual.
To come out with, to give publicity to; to disclose.
To come over.
(a) To pass from one side or place to another.
"Perpetually teasing their friends to come over to
them." --Addison.
(b) To rise and pass over, in distillation.
To come over to, to join.
To come round.
(a) To recur in regular course.
(b) To recover. [Colloq.]
(c) To change, as the wind.
(d) To relent. --J. H. Newman.
(e) To circumvent; to wheedle. [Colloq.]
To come short, to be deficient; to fail of attaining. "All
have sinned and come short of the glory of God." --Rom.
iii. 23.
To come to.
(a) To consent or yield. --Swift.
(b) (Naut.) (with the accent on to) To luff; to bring the
ship's head nearer the wind; to anchor.
(c) (with the accent on to) To recover, as from a swoon.
(d) To arrive at; to reach.
(e) To amount to; as, the taxes come to a large sum.
(f) To fall to; to be received by, as an inheritance.
--Shak.
To come to blows. See under Blow.
To come to grief. See under Grief.
To come to a head.
(a) To suppurate, as a boil.
(b) To mature; to culminate; as a plot.
To come to one's self, to recover one's senses.
To come to pass, to happen; to fall out.
To come to the scratch.
(a) (Prize Fighting) To step up to the scratch or mark
made in the ring to be toed by the combatants in
beginning a contest; hence:
(b) To meet an antagonist or a difficulty bravely.
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To come to time.
(a) (Prize Fighting) To come forward in order to resume
the contest when the interval allowed for rest is over
and "time" is called; hence:
(b) To keep an appointment; to meet expectations.
[Colloq.]
To come together.
(a) To meet for business, worship, etc.; to assemble.
--Acts i. 6.
(b) To live together as man and wife. --Matt. i. 18.
To come true, to happen as predicted or expected.
To come under, to belong to, as an individual to a class.
To come up
(a) to ascend; to rise.
(b) To be brought up; to arise, as a question.
(c) To spring; to shoot or rise above the earth, as a
plant.
(d) To come into use, as a fashion.
To come up the capstan (Naut.), to turn it the contrary
way, so as to slacken the rope about it.
To come up the tackle fall (Naut.), to slacken the tackle
gently. --Totten.
To come up to, to rise to; to equal.
To come up with, to overtake or reach by pursuit.
To come upon.
(a) To befall.
(b) To attack or invade.
(c) To have a claim upon; to become dependent upon for
support; as, to come upon the town.
(d) To light or chance upon; to find; as, to come upon hid
treasure.
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To come by
(gcide) | By \By\ (b[imac]), prep. [OE. bi, AS. b[imac], big, near to, by,
of, from, after, according to; akin to OS. & OFries. bi, be,
D. bij, OHG. b[imac], G. bei, Goth. bi, and perh. Gr. 'amfi`.
E. prefix be- is orig. the same word. [root]203. See pref.
Be-.]
1. In the neighborhood of; near or next to; not far from;
close to; along with; as, come and sit by me.
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By foundation or by shady rivulet
He sought them both. --Milton.
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2. On; along; in traversing. Compare 5.
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Long labors both by sea and land he bore. --Dryden.
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By land, by water, they renew the charge. --Pope.
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3. Near to, while passing; hence, from one to the other side
of; past; as, to go by a church.
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4. Used in specifying adjacent dimensions; as, a cabin twenty
feet by forty.
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5. Against. [Obs.] --Tyndale [1. Cor. iv. 4].
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6. With, as means, way, process, etc.; through means of; with
aid of; through; through the act or agency of; as, a city
is destroyed by fire; profit is made by commerce; to take
by force.
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Note: To the meaning of by, as denoting means or agency,
belong, more or less closely, most of the following
uses of the word:
(a) It points out the author and producer; as, "Waverley",
a novel by Sir W.Scott; a statue by Canova; a sonata
by Beethoven.
(b) In an oath or adjuration, it indicates the being or
thing appealed to as sanction; as, I affirm to you by
all that is sacred; he swears by his faith as a
Christian; no, by Heaven.
(c) According to; by direction, authority, or example of;
after; -- in such phrases as, it appears by his
account; ten o'clock by my watch; to live by rule; a
model to build by.
(d) At the rate of; according to the ratio or proportion
of; in the measure or quantity of; as, to sell cloth
by the yard, milk by the quart, eggs by the dozen,
meat by the pound; to board by the year.
(e) In comparison, it denotes the measure of excess or
deficiency; when anything is increased or diminished,
it indicates the measure of increase or diminution;
as, larger by a half; older by five years; to lessen
by a third.
(f) It expresses continuance or duration; during the
course of; within the period of; as, by day, by night.
(g) As soon as; not later than; near or at; -- used in
expressions of time; as, by this time the sun had
risen; he will be here by two o'clock.
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Note: In boxing the compass, by indicates a pint nearer to,
or towards, the next cardinal point; as, north by east,
i.e., a point towards the east from the north;
northeast by east, i.e., on point nearer the east than
northeast is.
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Note: With is used instead of by before the instrument with
which anything is done; as, to beat one with a stick;
the board was fastened by the carpenter with nails. But
there are many words which may be regarded as means or
processes, or, figuratively, as instruments; and
whether with or by shall be used with them is a matter
of arbitrary, and often, of unsettled usage; as, to a
reduce a town by famine; to consume stubble with fire;
he gained his purpose by flattery; he entertained them
with a story; he distressed us with or by a recital of
his sufferings. see With.
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By all means, most assuredly; without fail; certainly.
By and by.
(a) Close together (of place). [Obs.] "Two yonge knightes
liggyng [lying] by and by." --Chaucer.
(b) Immediately; at once. [Obs.] "When . . . persecution
ariseth because of the word, by and by he is
offended." --Matt. xiii. 21.
(c) Presently; pretty soon; before long.
Note: In this phrase, by seems to be used in the sense of
nearness in time, and to be repeated for the sake of
emphasis, and thus to be equivalent to "soon, and
soon," that is instantly; hence, -- less emphatically,
-- pretty soon, presently.
By one's self, with only one's self near; alone; solitary.
By the bye. See under Bye.
By the head (Naut.), having the bows lower than the stern;
-- said of a vessel when her head is lower in the water
than her stern. If her stern is lower, she is by the
stern.
By the lee, the situation of a vessel, going free, when she
has fallen off so much as to bring the wind round her
stern, and to take her sails aback on the other side.
By the run, to let go by the run, to let go altogether,
instead of slacking off.
By the way, by the bye; -- used to introduce an incidental
or secondary remark or subject.
Day by day, One by one, Piece by piece, etc., each day,
each one, each piece, etc., by itself singly or
separately; each severally.
To come by, to get possession of; to obtain.
To do by, to treat, to behave toward.
To set by, to value, to esteem.
To stand by, to aid, to support.
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Note: The common phrase good-by is equivalent to farewell,
and would be better written good-bye, as it is a
corruption of God be with you (b'w'ye).
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