| slovo | definícia |
vulgar
(encz) | vulgar,sprostý |
Vulgar
(gcide) | Vulgar \Vul"gar\, a. [L. vulgaris, from vulgus the multitude,
the common people; of uncertain origin: cf. F. vulgaire. Cf.
Divulge.]
[1913 Webster]
1. Of or pertaining to the mass, or multitude, of people;
common; general; ordinary; public; hence, in general use;
vernacular. "As common as any the most vulgar thing to
sense. " -- Shak.
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Things vulgar, and well-weighed, scarce worth the
praise. --Milton.
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It might be more useful to the English reader . . .
to write in our vulgar language. --Bp. Fell.
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The mechanical process of multiplying books had
brought the New Testament in the vulgar tongue
within the reach of every class. --Bancroft.
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2. Belonging or relating to the common people, as
distinguished from the cultivated or educated; pertaining
to common life; plebeian; not select or distinguished;
hence, sometimes, of little or no value. "Like the vulgar
sort of market men." --Shak.
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Men who have passed all their time in low and vulgar
life. --Addison.
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In reading an account of a battle, we follow the
hero with our whole attention, but seldom reflect on
the
vulgar heaps of slaughter. --Rambler.
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3. Hence, lacking cultivation or refinement; rustic; boorish;
also, offensive to good taste or refined feelings; low;
coarse; mean; base; as, vulgar men, minds, language, or
manners.
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Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar. --Shak.
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Vulgar fraction. (Arith.) See under Fraction.
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Vulgar
(gcide) | Vulgar \Vul"gar\, n. [Cf. F. vulgaire.]
[1913 Webster]
1. One of the common people; a vulgar person. [Obs.]
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These vile vulgars are extremely proud. --Chapman.
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2. The vernacular, or common language. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster] |
vulgar
(wn) | vulgar
adj 1: lacking refinement or cultivation or taste; "he had
coarse manners but a first-rate mind"; "behavior that
branded him as common"; "an untutored and uncouth human
being"; "an uncouth soldier--a real tough guy";
"appealing to the vulgar taste for violence"; "the vulgar
display of the newly rich" [syn: coarse, common,
rough-cut, uncouth, vulgar]
2: of or associated with the great masses of people; "the common
people in those days suffered greatly"; "behavior that
branded him as common"; "his square plebeian nose"; "a vulgar
and objectionable person"; "the unwashed masses" [syn:
common, plebeian, vulgar, unwashed]
3: being or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday
language; "common parlance"; "a vernacular term"; "vernacular
speakers"; "the vulgar tongue of the masses"; "the technical
and vulgar names for an animal species" [syn: common,
vernacular, vulgar]
4: conspicuously and tastelessly indecent; "coarse language"; "a
crude joke"; "crude behavior"; "an earthy sense of humor"; "a
revoltingly gross expletive"; "a vulgar gesture"; "full of
language so vulgar it should have been edited" [syn: crude,
earthy, gross, vulgar] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
lupus vulgaris
(encz) | lupus vulgaris, n: |
vulgar
(encz) | vulgar,sprostý |
vulgar fraction
(encz) | vulgar fraction,jednoduchý zlomek n: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgar person
(encz) | vulgar person,sprosťák n: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarian
(encz) | vulgarian,zbohatlík n: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarisation
(encz) | vulgarisation, n: |
vulgarise
(encz) | vulgarise, v: |
vulgariser
(encz) | vulgariser, n: |
vulgarism
(encz) | vulgarism,sprosťárna n: Zdeněk Brožvulgarism,vulgarismus n: Zdeněk Brožvulgarism,vulgárnost n: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarity
(encz) | vulgarity,hrubost n: Zdeněk Brožvulgarity,nevkusnost n: Zdeněk Brožvulgarity,obyčejnost n: Zdeněk Brožvulgarity,vulgárnost n: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarization
(encz) | vulgarization,popularizace n: Zdeněk Brožvulgarization,vulgarizace n: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarize
(encz) | vulgarize,vulgarizovat v: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarizer
(encz) | vulgarizer, n: |
vulgarly
(encz) | vulgarly,sprostě adv: Zdeněk Brož |
druh opičky (hapale vulgaris)
(czen) | druh opičky (Hapale vulgaris),jacchusn: MiCh |
vulgarismus
(czen) | vulgarismus,vulgarismn: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarizace
(czen) | vulgarizace,vulgarizationn: Zdeněk Brož |
vulgarizovat
(czen) | vulgarizovat,vulgarizev: Zdeněk Brož |
Acerina vulgaris
(gcide) | Ruff \Ruff\, Ruffe \Ruffe\, n. [OE. ruffe.] (Zool.)
A small freshwater European perch (Acerina vulgaris); --
called also pope, blacktail, and stone perch, or
striped perch.
[1913 Webster] |
Agrostis vulgaris
(gcide) | Barnyard grass, for hay. South. Panicum Grus-galli. Bent,
pasture and hay. Agrostis, several species. Bermuda grass,
pasture. South. Cynodon Dactylon. Black bent. Same as {Switch
grass} (below). Blue bent, hay. North and West. {Andropogon
provincialis}. Blue grass, pasture. Poa compressa. Blue joint,
hay. Northwest. Aqropyrum glaucum. Buffalo grass, grazing.
Rocky Mts., etc.
(a) Buchlo["e] dectyloides.
(b) Same as Grama grass (below). Bunch grass, grazing.
Far West. Eriocoma, Festuca, Stips, etc. Chess,
or Cheat, a weed. Bromus secalinus, etc. Couch
grass. Same as Quick grass (below). Crab grass,
(a) Hay, in South. A weed, in North. Panicum sanguinale.
(b) Pasture and hay. South. Eleusine Indica. Darnel
(a) Bearded, a noxious weed. Lolium temulentum.
(b) Common. Same as Rye grass (below). Drop seed, fair
for forage and hay. Muhlenbergia, several species.
English grass. Same as Redtop (below). Fowl meadow
grass.
(a) Pasture and hay. Poa serotina.
(b) Hay, on moist land. Gryceria nervata. Gama grass,
cut fodder. South. Tripsacum dactyloides. Grama
grass, grazing. West and Pacific slope. {Bouteloua
oligostachya}, etc. Great bunch grass, pasture and
hay. Far West. Festuca scabrella. Guinea grass, hay.
South. Panicum jumentorum. Herd's grass, in New
England Timothy, in Pennsylvania and South Redtop.
Indian grass. Same as Wood grass (below). Italian
rye grass, forage and hay. Lolium Italicum. Johnson
grass, grazing and hay. South and Southwest. {Sorghum
Halepense}. Kentucky blue grass, pasture. {Poa
pratensis}. Lyme grass, coarse hay. South. Elymus,
several species. Manna grass, pasture and hay.
Glyceria, several species. Meadow fescue, pasture
and hay. Festuca elatior. Meadow foxtail, pasture,
hay, lawn. North. Alopecurus pratensis. Meadow
grass, pasture, hay, lawn. Poa, several species.
Mesquite grass, or Muskit grass. Same as Grama grass
(above). Nimble Will, a kind of drop seed.
Muhlenbergia diffsa. Orchard grass, pasture and hay.
Dactylis glomerata. Porcupine grass, troublesome to
sheep. Northwest. Stipa spartea. Quaking grass,
ornamental. Briza media and maxima. Quitch, or
Quick, grass, etc., a weed. Agropyrum repens. Ray
grass. Same as Rye grass (below). Redtop, pasture
and hay. Agrostis vulgaris. Red-topped buffalo
grass, forage. Northwest. Poa tenuifolia. Reed
canary grass, of slight value. Phalaris arundinacea.
Reed meadow grass, hay. North. Glyceria aquatica.
Ribbon grass, a striped leaved form of {Reed canary
grass}. Rye grass, pasture, hay. Lolium perenne,
var. Seneca grass, fragrant basket work, etc. North.
Hierochloa borealis. Sesame grass. Same as {Gama
grass} (above). Sheep's fescue, sheep pasture, native
in Northern Europe and Asia. Festuca ovina. Small
reed grass, meadow pasture and hay. North. {Deyeuxia
Canadensis}. Spear grass, Same as Meadow grass
(above). Squirrel-tail grass, troublesome to animals.
Seacoast and Northwest. Hordeum jubatum. Switch
grass, hay, cut young. Panicum virgatum. Timothy,
cut young, the best of hay. North. Phleum pratense.
Velvet grass, hay on poor soil. South. {Holcus
lanatus}. Vernal grass, pasture, hay, lawn.
Anthoxanthum odoratum. Wire grass, valuable in
pastures. Poa compressa. Wood grass, Indian grass,
hay. Chrysopogon nutans.
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Note: Many plants are popularly called grasses which are not
true grasses botanically considered, such as black
grass, goose grass, star grass, etc.
[1913 Webster]
Black grass, a kind of small rush (Juncus Gerardi),
growing in salt marshes, used for making salt hay.
Grass of the Andes, an oat grass, the {Arrhenatherum
avenaceum} of Europe.
Grass of Parnassus, a plant of the genus Parnassia
growing in wet ground. The European species is {Parnassia
palustris}; in the United States there are several
species.
Grass bass (Zool.), the calico bass.
Grass bird, the dunlin.
Grass cloth, a cloth woven from the tough fibers of the
grass-cloth plant.
Grass-cloth plant, a perennial herb of the Nettle family
(B[oe]hmeria nivea syn. Urtica nivea), which grows in
Sumatra, China, and Assam, whose inner bark has fine and
strong fibers suited for textile purposes.
Grass finch. (Zool.)
(a) A common American sparrow ({Po["o]c[ae]tes
gramineus}); -- called also vesper sparrow and
bay-winged bunting.
(b) Any Australian finch, of the genus Po["e]phila, of
which several species are known.
Grass lamb, a lamb suckled by a dam running on pasture land
and giving rich milk.
Grass land, land kept in grass and not tilled.
Grass moth (Zool.), one of many small moths of the genus
Crambus, found in grass.
Grass oil, a fragrant essential volatile oil, obtained in
India from grasses of the genus Andropogon, etc.; --
used in perfumery under the name of citronella, {ginger
grass oil}, lemon grass oil, essence of verbena etc.
Grass owl (Zool.), a South African owl (Strix Capensis).
Grass parrakeet (Zool.), any of several species of
Australian parrots, of the genus Euphemia; -- also
applied to the zebra parrakeet.
Grass plover (Zool.), the upland or field plover.
Grass poly (Bot.), a species of willowwort ({Lythrum
Hyssopifolia}). --Johnson.
Crass quit (Zool.), one of several tropical American
finches of the genus Euetheia. The males have most of
the head and chest black and often marked with yellow.
Grass snake. (Zool.)
(a) The common English, or ringed, snake ({Tropidonotus
natrix}).
(b) The common green snake of the Northern United States.
See Green snake, under Green.
Grass snipe (Zool.), the pectoral sandpiper ({Tringa
maculata}); -- called also jacksnipe in America.
Grass spider (Zool.), a common spider (Agelena n[ae]via),
which spins flat webs on grass, conspicuous when covered
with dew.
Grass sponge (Zool.), an inferior kind of commercial sponge
from Florida and the Bahamas.
Grass table. (Arch.) See Earth table, under Earth.
Grass vetch (Bot.), a vetch (Lathyrus Nissolia), with
narrow grasslike leaves.
Grass widow. [Cf. Prov. R. an unmarried mother, G.
strohwittwe a mock widow, Sw. gr[aum]senka a grass widow.]
(a) An unmarried woman who is a mother. [Obs.]
(b) A woman separated from her husband by abandonment or
prolonged absence; a woman living apart from her
husband. [Slang.]
Grass wrack (Bot.) eelgrass.
To bring to grass (Mining.), to raise, as ore, to the
surface of the ground.
To put to grass, To put out to grass, to put out to graze
a season, as cattle.
[1913 Webster]Redtop \Red"top`\ (-t?p`), n. (Bot.)
A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the
United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called
also English grass, and in some localities herd's grass.
See Illustration in Appendix. The tall redtop is {Triodia
seslerioides}.
[1913 Webster]Agrostis \A*gros"tis\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.]
A genus of grasses, including species called in common
language bent grass. Some of them, as redtop ({Agrostis
vulgaris}), are valuable pasture grasses.
[1913 Webster] AgrostographicBent \Bent\, n. [AS. beonet; akin to OHG. pinuz, G. binse, rush,
bent grass; of unknown origin.]
1. A reedlike grass; a stalk of stiff, coarse grass.
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His spear a bent, both stiff and strong. --Drayton.
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2. (Bot.) A grass of the genus Agrostis, esp. {Agrostis
vulgaris}, or redtop. The name is also used of many other
grasses, esp. in America.
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3. Any neglected field or broken ground; a common; a moor.
[Obs.] --Wright.
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Bowmen bickered upon the bent. --Chevy Chase.
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Alchemilla vulgaris
(gcide) | Lady's mantle \La"dy's man"tle\ (l[=a]"d[i^]z m[a^]n"t'l).
(Bot.)
A genus of rosaceous herbs (Alchemilla), esp. the European
Alchemilla vulgaris, which has leaves with rounded and
finely serrated lobes.
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Aquilegia vulgaris
(gcide) | Columbine \Col"um*bine\, n. [LL. columbina, L. columbinus
dovelike, fr. columba dove: cf. F. colombine. Perh. so called
from the beaklike spurs of its flowers.]
1. (Bot.) A plant of several species of the genus
Aquilegia; as, Aquilegia vulgaris, or the common
garden columbine; Aquilegia Canadensis, the wild red
columbine of North America.
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2. The mistress or sweetheart of Harlequin in pantomimes.
--Brewer.
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Arisarum vulgare
(gcide) | Friar \Fri"ar\, n. [OR. frere, F. fr[`e]re brother, friar, fr.
L. frater brother. See Brother.]
1. (R. C. Ch.) A brother or member of any religious order,
but especially of one of the four mendicant orders, viz:
(a) Minors, Gray Friars, or Franciscans. {(b)
Augustines}. (c) Dominicans or Black Friars. {(d) White
Friars or Carmelites.} See these names in the Vocabulary.
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2. (Print.) A white or pale patch on a printed page.
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3. (Zool.) An American fish; the silversides.
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Friar bird (Zool.), an Australian bird ({Tropidorhynchus
corniculatus}), having the head destitute of feathers; --
called also coldong, leatherhead, pimlico; {poor
soldier}, and four-o'clock. The name is also applied to
several other species of the same genus.
Friar's balsam (Med.), a stimulating application for wounds
and ulcers, being an alcoholic solution of benzoin,
styrax, tolu balsam, and aloes; compound tincture of
benzoin. --Brande & C.
Friar's cap (Bot.), the monkshood.
Friar's cowl (Bot.), an arumlike plant (Arisarum vulgare)
with a spathe or involucral leaf resembling a cowl.
Friar's lantern, the ignis fatuus or Will-o'-the-wisp.
--Milton.
Friar skate (Zool.), the European white or sharpnosed skate
(Raia alba); -- called also Burton skate, {border
ray}, scad, and doctor.
[1913 Webster]friar's-cowl \friar's-cowl\, friar's-cowls \friar's-cowls\n.
(Bot.)
A tuberous perennial (Arisarum vulgare) having a
cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; -- found in the
Mediterranean, Canaries, and Azores.
Syn: friars' cowl, Arisarum vulgare.
[WordNet 1.5] |
Armeria vulgaris
(gcide) | Gillyflower \Gil"ly*flow`er\, n. [OE. gilofre, gilofer, clove,
OF. girofre, girofle, F. girofle: cf. F. girofl['e]e
gillyflower, fr. girofle, Gr. ? clove tree; ? nut + ? leaf,
akin to E. foliage. Cf. Caryophyllus, July-flower.]
[Written also gilliflower.] (Bot.)
1. A name given by old writers to the clove pink ({Dianthus
Caryophyllus}) but now to the common stock ({Matthiola
incana}), a cruciferous plant with showy and fragrant
blossoms, usually purplish, but often pink or white.
[1913 Webster]
2. A kind of apple, of a roundish conical shape, purplish red
color, and having a large core.
Clove gillyflower, the clove pink.
Marsh gillyflower, the ragged robin ({Lychnis
Flos-cuculi}).
Queen's gillyflower, or Winter gillyflower, damewort.
Sea gillyflower, the thrift (Armeria vulgaris).
Wall gillyflower, the wallflower (Cheiranthus Cheiri).
Water gillyflower, the water violet.
[1913 Webster]Lady's cushion \La"dy's cush"ion\, (Bot.)
An herb growing in dense tufts; the thrift ({Armeria
vulgaris}).
[1913 Webster]Thrift \Thrift\ (thr[i^]ft), n. [Icel. [thorn]rift. See
Thrive.]
1. A thriving state; good husbandry; economical management in
regard to property; frugality.
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The rest, . . . willing to fall to thrift, prove
very good husbands. --Spenser.
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2. Success and advance in the acquisition of property;
increase of worldly goods; gain; prosperity. "Your thrift
is gone full clean." --Chaucer.
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I have a mind presages me such thrift. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
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3. Vigorous growth, as of a plant.
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4. (Bot.) One of several species of flowering plants of the
genera Statice and Armeria.
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Common thrift (Bot.), Armeria vulgaris; -- also called
sea pink.
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Syn: Frugality; economy; prosperity; gain; profit.
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Artemisia vulgaris
(gcide) | Mugwort \Mug"wort`\, n. [AS. mucgwyrt. Cf. Midge.] (Bot.)
A somewhat aromatic composite weed (Artemisia vulgaris), at
one time used medicinally; -- called also motherwort.
[1913 Webster] |
Astrocaryum vulgare
(gcide) | Tucum \Tu"cum\, n. [So called by the Indians of Brazil.]
A fine, strong fiber obtained from the young leaves of a
Brazilian palm (Astrocaryum vulgare), used for cordage,
bowstrings, etc.; also, the plant yielding this fiber. Called
also tecum, and tecum fiber.
[1913 Webster] |
Barbarea vulgaris
(gcide) | Rocket \Rock"et\, n. [F. roquette (cf. Sp. ruqueta, It
ruchetta), fr. L. eruca.] (Bot.)
(a) A cruciferous plant (Eruca sativa) sometimes eaten in
Europe as a salad.
(b) Damewort.
(c) Rocket larkspur. See below.
[1913 Webster]
Dyer's Rocket. (Bot.) See Dyer's broom, under Broom.
Rocket larkspur (Bot.), an annual plant with showy flowers
in long racemes (Delphinium Ajacis).
Sea rocket (Bot.), either of two fleshy cruciferous plants
(Cakile maritima and Cakile Americana) found on the
seashore of Europe and America.
Yellow rocket (Bot.), a common cruciferous weed with yellow
flowers (Barbarea vulgaris).
[1913 Webster]Winter \Win"ter\, n. [AS. winter; akin to OFries. & D. winter,
OS. & OHG. wintar, G. winter, D. & Sw. vinter, Icel. vetr,
Goth. wintrus; of uncertain origin; cf. Old Gallic vindo-
white (in comp.), OIr. find white. ????.]
[1913 Webster]
1. The season of the year in which the sun shines most
obliquely upon any region; the coldest season of the year.
"Of thirty winter he was old." --Chaucer.
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And after summer evermore succeeds
Barren winter, with his wrathful nipping cold.
--Shak.
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Winter lingering chills the lap of May. --Goldsmith.
[1913 Webster]
Note: North of the equator, winter is popularly taken to
include the months of December, January, and February
(see Season). Astronomically, it may be considered to
begin with the winter solstice, about December 21st,
and to end with the vernal equinox, about March 21st.
[1913 Webster]
2. The period of decay, old age, death, or the like.
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Life's autumn past, I stand on winter's verge.
--Wordsworth.
[1913 Webster]
Winter apple, an apple that keeps well in winter, or that
does not ripen until winter.
Winter barley, a kind of barley that is sown in autumn.
Winter berry (Bot.), the name of several American shrubs
(Ilex verticillata, Ilex laevigata, etc.) of the Holly
family, having bright red berries conspicuous in winter.
Winter bloom. (Bot.)
(a) A plant of the genus Azalea.
(b) A plant of the genus Hamamelis ({Hamamelis
Viginica}); witch-hazel; -- so called from its flowers
appearing late in autumn, while the leaves are
falling.
Winter bud (Zool.), a statoblast.
Winter cherry (Bot.), a plant (Physalis Alkekengi) of the
Nightshade family, which has, a red berry inclosed in the
inflated and persistent calyx. See Alkekengi.
Winter cough (Med.), a form of chronic bronchitis marked by
a cough recurring each winter.
Winter cress (Bot.), a yellow-flowered cruciferous plant
(Barbarea vulgaris).
Winter crop, a crop which will bear the winter, or which
may be converted into fodder during the winter.
Winter duck. (Zool.)
(a) The pintail.
(b) The old squaw.
Winter egg (Zool.), an egg produced in the autumn by many
invertebrates, and destined to survive the winter. Such
eggs usually differ from the summer eggs in having a
thicker shell, and often in being enveloped in a
protective case. They sometimes develop in a manner
different from that of the summer eggs.
Winter fallow, ground that is fallowed in winter.
Winter fat. (Bot.) Same as White sage, under White.
Winter fever (Med.), pneumonia. [Colloq.]
Winter flounder. (Zool.) See the Note under Flounder.
Winter gull (Zool.), the common European gull; -- called
also winter mew. [Prov. Eng.]
Winter itch. (Med.) See Prarie itch, under Prairie.
Winter lodge, or Winter lodgment. (Bot.) Same as
Hibernaculum.
Winter mew. (Zool.) Same as Winter gull, above. [Prov.
Eng.]
Winter moth (Zool.), any one of several species of
geometrid moths which come forth in winter, as the
European species (Cheimatobia brumata). These moths have
rudimentary mouth organs, and eat no food in the imago
state. The female of some of the species is wingless.
Winter oil, oil prepared so as not to solidify in
moderately cold weather.
Winter pear, a kind of pear that keeps well in winter, or
that does not ripen until winter.
Winter quarters, the quarters of troops during the winter;
a winter residence or station.
Winter rye, a kind of rye that is sown in autumn.
Winter shad (Zool.), the gizzard shad.
Winter sheldrake (Zool.), the goosander. [Local, U. S.]
Winter sleep (Zool.), hibernation.
Winter snipe (Zool.), the dunlin.
Winter solstice. (Astron.) See Solstice, 2.
Winter teal (Zool.), the green-winged teal.
Winter wagtail (Zool.), the gray wagtail ({Motacilla
melanope}). [Prov. Eng.]
Winter wheat, wheat sown in autumn, which lives during the
winter, and ripens in the following summer.
Winter wren (Zool.), a small American wren ({Troglodytes
hiemalis}) closely resembling the common wren.
[1913 Webster] |
Barbus vulgaris
(gcide) | Barbel \Bar"bel\ (b[aum]r"b[e^]l), n.[OF. barbel, F. barbeau,
dim. of L. barbus barbel, fr. barba beard. See 1st Barb.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Zool.) A slender tactile organ on the lips of certain
fishes.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Zool.) A large fresh-water fish (Barbus vulgaris) found
in many European rivers. Its upper jaw is furnished with
four barbels.
[1913 Webster]
3. pl. Barbs or paps under the tongues of horses and cattle.
See 1st Barb, 3.
[1913 Webster] |
Belone vulgaris
(gcide) | Garfish \Gar"fish`\, n. [See Gar, n.] (Zool.)
(a) A European marine fish (Belone vulgaris); -- called
also gar, gerrick, greenback, greenbone,
gorebill, hornfish, longnose, mackerel guide,
sea needle, and sea pike.
(b) One of several species of similar fishes of the genus
Tylosurus, of which one species (T. marinus) is
common on the Atlantic coast. T. Caribb[ae]us, a very
large species, and T. crassus, are more southern; --
called also needlefish. Many of the common names of the
European garfish are also applied to the American
species.
[1913 Webster] |
Berberis vulgaris
(gcide) | Barberry \Bar"ber*ry\, n. [OE. barbarin, barbere, OF. berbere.]
(Bot.)
A shrub of the genus Berberis, common along roadsides and
in neglected fields. Berberis vulgaris is the species best
known; its oblong red berries are made into a preserve or
sauce, and have been deemed efficacious in fluxes and fevers.
The bark dyes a fine yellow, esp. the bark of the root. [Also
spelt berberry.]
[1913 Webster] |
Beta vulgaris
(gcide) | Sugar \Sug"ar\, n. [OE. sugre, F. sucre (cf. It. zucchero, Sp.
az['u]car), fr. Ar. sukkar, assukkar, fr. Skr. [,c]arkar[=a]
sugar, gravel; cf. Per. shakar. Cf. Saccharine, Sucrose.]
1. A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance,
of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by
crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as
the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It
is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food
and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the
Note below.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The term sugar includes several commercial grades, as
the white or refined, granulated, loaf or lump, and the
raw brown or muscovado. In a more general sense, it
includes several distinct chemical compounds, as the
glucoses, or grape sugars (including glucose proper,
dextrose, and levulose), and the sucroses, or true
sugars (as cane sugar). All sugars are carbohydrates.
See Carbohydrate. The glucoses, or grape sugars, are
ketone alcohols of the formula C6H12O6, and they turn
the plane of polarization to the right or the left.
They are produced from the amyloses and sucroses, as by
the action of heat and acids of ferments, and are
themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol and
carbon dioxide. The only sugar (called acrose) as yet
produced artificially belongs to this class. The
sucroses, or cane sugars, are doubled glucose
anhydrides of the formula C12H22O11. They are usually
not fermentable as such (cf. Sucrose), and they act
on polarized light.
[1913 Webster]
2. By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or
appearance; as, sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous
white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.
[1913 Webster]
3. Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render
acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words.
[Colloq.]
[1913 Webster]
Acorn sugar. See Quercite.
Cane sugar, sugar made from the sugar cane; sucrose, or an
isomeric sugar. See Sucrose.
Diabetes sugar, or Diabetic sugar (Med. Chem.), a variety
of sugar (grape sugar or dextrose) excreted in the urine
in diabetes mellitus; -- the presence of such a sugar in
the urine is used to diagnose the illness.
Fruit sugar. See under Fruit, and Fructose.
Grape sugar, a sirupy or white crystalline sugar (dextrose
or glucose) found as a characteristic ingredient of ripe
grapes, and also produced from many other sources. See
Dextrose, and Glucose.
Invert sugar. See under Invert.
Malt sugar, a variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, found
in malt. See Maltose.
Manna sugar, a substance found in manna, resembling, but
distinct from, the sugars. See Mannite.
Milk sugar, a variety of sugar characteristic of fresh
milk, and isomeric with sucrose. See Lactose.
Muscle sugar, a sweet white crystalline substance isomeric
with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses. It is found
in the tissue of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called
also heart sugar. See Inosite.
Pine sugar. See Pinite.
Starch sugar (Com. Chem.), a variety of dextrose made by
the action of heat and acids on starch from corn,
potatoes, etc.; -- called also potato sugar, {corn
sugar}, and, inaccurately, invert sugar. See Dextrose,
and Glucose.
Sugar barek, one who refines sugar.
Sugar beet (Bot.), a variety of beet (Beta vulgaris) with
very large white roots, extensively grown, esp. in Europe,
for the sugar obtained from them.
Sugar berry (Bot.), the hackberry.
Sugar bird (Zool.), any one of several species of small
South American singing birds of the genera Coereba,
Dacnis, and allied genera belonging to the family
Coerebidae. They are allied to the honey eaters.
Sugar bush. See Sugar orchard.
Sugar camp, a place in or near a sugar orchard, where maple
sugar is made.
Sugar candian, sugar candy. [Obs.]
Sugar candy, sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized;
candy made from sugar.
Sugar cane (Bot.), a tall perennial grass ({Saccharum
officinarium}), with thick short-jointed stems. It has
been cultivated for ages as the principal source of sugar.
Sugar loaf.
(a) A loaf or mass of refined sugar, usually in the form
of a truncated cone.
(b) A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.
[1913 Webster]
Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that sugar
loaf? --J. Webster.
[1913 Webster]
Sugar maple (Bot.), the rock maple (Acer saccharinum).
See Maple.
Sugar mill, a machine for pressing out the juice of the
sugar cane, usually consisting of three or more rollers,
between which the cane is passed.
Sugar mite. (Zool.)
(a) A small mite (Tyroglyphus sacchari), often found in
great numbers in unrefined sugar.
(b) The lepisma.
Sugar of lead. See Sugar, 2, above.
Sugar of milk. See under Milk.
Sugar orchard, a collection of maple trees selected and
preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; --
called also, sometimes, sugar bush. [U.S.] --Bartlett.
Sugar pine (Bot.), an immense coniferous tree ({Pinus
Lambertiana}) of California and Oregon, furnishing a soft
and easily worked timber. The resinous exudation from the
stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been used as a
substitute for sugar.
Sugar squirrel (Zool.), an Australian flying phalanger
(Belideus sciureus), having a long bushy tail and a
large parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See
Illust. under Phlanger.
Sugar tongs, small tongs, as of silver, used at table for
taking lumps of sugar from a sugar bowl.
Sugar tree. (Bot.) See Sugar maple, above.
[1913 Webster]Beet \Beet\ (b[=e]t), n. [AS. bete, from L. beta.]
1. (Bot.) A biennial plant of the genus Beta, which
produces an edible root the first year and seed the second
year.
[1913 Webster]
2. The root of plants of the genus Beta, different species
and varieties of which are used for the table, for feeding
stock, or in making sugar.
[1913 Webster]
Note: There are many varieties of the common beet ({Beta
vulgaris}). The Old "white beet", cultivated for its
edible leafstalks, is a distinct species ({Beta
Cicla}).
[1913 Webster] BeeteBeetrave \Beet"rave`\, n. [F. betterave; bette beet + rave
radish.]
The common beet (Beta vulgaris).
[1913 Webster] |
Box vulgaris
(gcide) | Boce \Boce\ (b[=o]s), n. [L. box, bocis, Gr. bo`ax, bw^x.]
(Zool.)
A European fish (Box vulgaris), having a compressed body
and bright colors; -- called also box, and bogue.
[1913 Webster] |
Brunella vulgaris
(gcide) | Self-heal \Self`-heal"\, n. (Bot.)
A blue-flowered labiate plant (Brunella vulgaris); the
healall.
[1913 Webster]Sicklewort \Sic"kle*wort`\, n. [AS. sicolwyrt.] (Bot.)
(a) A plant of the genus Coronilla ({Coronilla
scorpioides}); -- so named from its curved pods.
(b) The healall (Brunella vulgaris).
[1913 Webster]Healall \Heal"all`\ (-[add]l`), n. (Bot.)
A common herb of the Mint family (Brunella vulgaris),
destitute of active properties, but anciently thought to be a
panacea.
[1913 Webster] |
Bufo vulgaris
(gcide) | Toad \Toad\, n. [OE. tode, tade, AS. t[=a]die, t[=a]dige; of
unknown origin. Cf. Tadpole.] (Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of batrachians belonging to the
genus Bufo and allied genera, especially those of the
family Bufonidae. Toads are generally terrestrial in their
habits except during the breeding season, when they seek the
water. Most of the species burrow beneath the earth in the
daytime and come forth to feed on insects at night. Most
toads have a rough, warty skin in which are glands that
secrete an acrid fluid.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The common toad (Bufo vulgaris) and the natterjack
are familiar European species. The common American toad
(Bufo lentiginosus) is similar to the European toad,
but is less warty and is more active, moving chiefly by
leaping.
[1913 Webster]
Obstetrical toad. (Zool.) See under Obstetrical.
Surinam toad. (Zool.) See Pita.
Toad lizard (Zool.), a horned toad.
Toad pipe (Bot.), a hollow-stemmed plant ({Equisetum
limosum}) growing in muddy places. --Dr. Prior.
Toad rush (Bot.), a low-growing kind of rush ({Juncus
bufonius}).
Toad snatcher (Zool.), the reed bunting. [Prov. Eng.]
Toad spittle. (Zool.) See Cuckoo spit, under Cuckoo.
Tree toad. (Zool.) See under Tree.
[1913 Webster] |
Buteo vulgaris
(gcide) | Buzzard \Buz"zard\ (b[u^]z"z[~e]rd), n.[O.E. busard, bosard, F.
busard, fr. buse, L. buteo, a kind of falcon or hawk.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Zool.) A bird of prey of the Hawk family, belonging to
the genus Buteo and related genera.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Zool.) In the United States, a term used for the {turkey
vulture} (Cathartes aura), and sometimes
indiscriminately to any vulture.
[PJC]
Note: The Buteo vulgaris is the common buzzard of Europe.
The American species (of which the most common are
Buteo borealis, Buteo Pennsylvanicus, and {Buteo
lineatus}) are usually called hen hawks. -- The
rough-legged buzzard, or bee hawk, of Europe ({Pernis
apivorus}) feeds on bees and their larv[ae], with other
insects, and reptiles. -- The moor buzzard of Europe is
Circus [ae]ruginosus. See Turkey buzzard, and
Carrion buzzard.
[1913 Webster]
Bald buzzard, the fishhawk or osprey. See Fishhawk.
[1913 Webster]
2. A blockhead; a dunce.
[1913 Webster]
It is common, to a proverb, to call one who can not
be taught, or who continues obstinately ignorant, a
buzzard. --Goldsmith.
[1913 Webster] |
Calluna vulgaris
(gcide) | Heath \Heath\ (h[=e]th), n. [OE. heth waste land, the plant
heath, AS. h[=ae][eth]; akin to D. & G. heide, Icel.
hei[eth]r waste land, Dan. hede, Sw. hed, Goth. hai[thorn]i
field, L. bucetum a cow pasture; cf. W. coed a wood, Skr.
ksh[=e]tra field. [root]20.]
1. (Bot.)
(a) A low shrub (Erica vulgaris or Calluna vulgaris),
with minute evergreen leaves, and handsome clusters of
pink flowers. It is used in Great Britain for brooms,
thatch, beds for the poor, and for heating ovens. It
is also called heather, and ling.
(b) Also, any species of the genus Erica, of which
several are European, and many more are South African,
some of great beauty. See Illust. of Heather.
[1913 Webster]
2. A place overgrown with heath; any cheerless tract of
country overgrown with shrubs or coarse herbage.
[1913 Webster]
Their stately growth, though bare,
Stands on the blasted heath. --Milton
[1913 Webster]
Heath cock (Zool.), the blackcock. See Heath grouse
(below).
Heath grass (Bot.), a kind of perennial grass, of the genus
Triodia (Triodia decumbens), growing on dry heaths.
Heath grouse, or Heath game (Zool.), a European grouse
(Tetrao tetrix), which inhabits heaths; -- called also
black game, black grouse, heath poult, heath fowl,
moor fowl. The male is called heath cock, and
blackcock; the female, heath hen, and gray hen.
Heath hen. (Zool.) See Heath grouse (above).
Heath pea (Bot.), a species of bitter vetch ({Lathyrus
macrorhizus}), the tubers of which are eaten, and in
Scotland are used to flavor whisky.
Heath throstle (Zool.), a European thrush which frequents
heaths; the ring ouzel.
[1913 Webster]Ling \Ling\, n. [Icel. lyng; akin to Dan. lyng, Sw. ljung.]
(Bot.)
Heather (Calluna vulgaris).
[1913 Webster]
Ling honey, a sort of wild honey, made from the flowers of
the heather. --Holland.
[1913 Webster] Linga |
Carasius vulgaris
(gcide) | Crucian carp \Cru"cian carp`\ (-shan k?rp`). [Cf. Sw. karussa,
G. karausche, F. carousse, -assin, corassin, LL. coracinus,
Gr. ????? a sort of fish.] (Zool.)
A kind of European carp (Carasius vulgaris), inferior to
the common carp; -- called also German carp.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The gibel or Prussian carp is now generally considered
a variety of the crucian carp, or perhaps a hybrid
between it and the common carp.
[1913 Webster] |
Carlina vulgaris
(gcide) | Carline thistle \Car"line this`tle\ [F. carline, It., Sp., &
Pg., carlina. Said to be so called from the Emperor
Charlemagne, whose army is reputed to have used it as a
remedy for pestilence.] (Bot.)
A prickly plant of the genus Carlina (Carlina vulgaris),
found in Europe and Asia.
[1913 Webster] |
Cerastium vulgarium
(gcide) | Mouse-ear \Mouse"-ear`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) The forget-me-not (Myosotis palustris) and other
species of the same genus.
(b) A European species of hawkweed ({Hieracium
Pilosella}).
[1913 Webster]
Mouse-ear chickweed, a name of two common species of
chickweed (Cerastium vulgarium, and {Cerastium
viscosum}).
Mouse-ear cress, a low cruciferous herb ({Sisymbrium
Thaliana}). All these are low herbs with soft, oval, or
obovate leaves, whence the name.
[1913 Webster] |
Citrullus vulgaris
(gcide) | Watermelon \Wa"ter*mel`on\, n. (Bot.)
The very large ovoid or roundish fruit of a cucurbitaceous
plant (Citrullus vulgaris) of many varieties; also, the
plant itself. The fruit sometimes weighs many pounds; its
pulp is usually pink in color, and full of a sweet watery
juice. It is a native of tropical Africa, but is now
cultivated in many countries. See Illust. of Melon.
[1913 Webster] |
Clupea vulgaris
(gcide) | Allice \Al"lice\, Allis \Al"lis\, n. (Zool.)
The European shad (Clupea vulgaris); allice shad. See
Alose.
[1913 Webster] |
Coccothraustes vulgaris
(gcide) | Grosbeak \Gros"beak\, n. [Gross + beak: cf. F. gros-bec.]
(Zool.)
One of various species of finches having a large, stout beak.
The common European grosbeak or hawfinch is {Coccothraustes
vulgaris}.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Among the best known American species are the
rose-breasted (Habia Ludoviciana); the blue ({Guiraca
c[oe]rulea}); the pine (Pinicola enucleator); and the
evening grosbeak. See Hawfinch, and {Cardinal
grosbeak}, Evening grosbeak, under Cardinal and
Evening. [Written also grossbeak.]Hawfinch \Haw"finch`\ (h[add]"f[i^]nch`), n. (Zool.)
The common European grosbeak (Coccothraustes vulgaris); --
called also cherry finch, and coble.
[1913 Webster] |
Conger vulgaris
(gcide) | Conger \Con"ger\, n. [L. conger, congrus, akin to Gr. ?: cf. F.
congre.] (Zool.)
The conger eel; -- called also congeree.
[1913 Webster]
Conger sea (Zool.), the sea eel; a large species of eel
(Conger vulgaris), which sometimes grows to the length
of ten feet.
[1913 Webster] |
Crocodilus vulgaris
(gcide) | Crocodile \Croc"o*dile\ (kr[o^]k"[-o]*d[imac]l; 277), n. [L.
crocodilus, Gr. kroko`deilos: cf. F. crocodile. Cf.
Cookatrice.]
1. (Zool.) A large reptile of the genus Crocodilus, of
several species. They grow to the length of sixteen or
eighteen feet, and inhabit the large rivers of Africa,
Asia, and America. The eggs, laid in the sand, are hatched
by the sun's heat. The best known species is that of the
Nile (Crocodilus vulgaris, or Crocodilus Niloticus).
The Florida crocodile (Crocodilus Americanus) is much
less common than the alligator and has longer jaws. The
name is also sometimes applied to the species of other
related genera, as the gavial and the alligator.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Logic) A fallacious dilemma, mythically supposed to have
been first used by a crocodile.
[1913 Webster]
Crocodile bird (Zool.), an African plover ({Pluvianus
[ae]gypticus}) which alights upon the crocodile and
devours its insect parasites, even entering its open mouth
(according to reliable writers) in pursuit of files, etc.;
-- called also Nile bird. It is the trochilos of
ancient writers.
Crocodile tears, false or affected tears; hypocritical
sorrow; -- derived from the fiction of old travelers, that
crocodiles shed tears over their prey.
[1913 Webster] |
Cydonia vulgaris
(gcide) | Quince \Quince\ (kw[i^]ns), n. [Prob. a pl. from OE. quyne,
coin, OF. coin, cooin, F. coing, from L. Cydonius a quince
tree, as adj., Cydonian, Gr. ? Cydonian, ? ? a quince, fr. ?
Cydonia, a city in Crete, ? the Cydonians. Cf. Quiddany.]
1. The fruit of a shrub (Cydonia vulgaris) belonging to the
same tribe as the apple. It somewhat resembles an apple,
but differs in having many seeds in each carpel. It has
hard flesh of high flavor, but very acid, and is largely
used for marmalade, jelly, and preserves.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Bot.) a quince tree or shrub.
[1913 Webster]
Japan quince (Bot.), an Eastern Asiatic shrub ({Cydonia
Japonica}, formerly Pyrus Japonica) and its very
fragrant but inedible fruit. The shrub has very showy
flowers, usually red, but sometimes pink or white, and is
much grown for ornament.
Quince curculio (Zool.), a small gray and yellow curculio
(Conotrachelus crat[ae]gi) whose larva lives in quinces.
Quince tree (Bot.), the small tree (Cydonia vulgaris)
which produces the quince.
[1913 Webster]Cydonin \Cy*do"nin\ (s?-d?"n?n), n. (Chem.)
A peculiar mucilaginous substance extracted from the seeds of
the quince (Cydonia vulgaris), and regarded as a variety of
amylose.
[1913 Webster] |
Dentex vulgaris
(gcide) | Dentex \Den"tex\, n. [NL., cf. L. dentix a sort of sea fish.]
(Zool.)
An edible European marine fish (Sparus dentex, or {Dentex
vulgaris}) of the family Percid[ae].
[1913 Webster] |
Devulgarize
(gcide) | Devulgarize \De*vul"gar*ize\, v. t.
To free from what is vulgar, common, or narrow.
[1913 Webster]
Shakespeare and Plutarch's "Lives" are very
devulgarizing books. --E. A.
Abbott.
[1913 Webster] |
Echium vulgare
(gcide) | viper \vi"per\ (v[imac]"p[~e]r), n. [F. vip[`e]re, L. vipera,
probably contr. fr. vivipera; vivus alive + parere to bring
forth, because it was believed to be the only serpent that
brings forth living young. Cf. Quick, a., Parent,
Viviparous, Wivern, Weever.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of Old World venomous
snakes belonging to Vipera, Clotho, Daboia, and
other genera of the family Viperidae.
[1913 Webster]
There came a viper out of the heat, and fastened on
his hand. --Acts xxviii.
3.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Among the best-known species are the European adder
(Pelias berus), the European asp (Vipera aspis),
the African horned viper (Vipera cerastes), and the
Indian viper (Daboia Russellii).
[1913 Webster]
2. A dangerous, treacherous, or malignant person.
[1913 Webster]
Who committed
To such a viper his most sacred trust
Of secrecy. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
3. Loosely, any venomous or presumed venomous snake.
[PJC]
Horned viper. (Zool.) See Cerastes.
Red viper (Zool.), the copperhead.
Viper fish (Zool.), a small, slender, phosphorescent
deep-sea fish (Chauliodus Sloanii). It has long ventral
and dorsal fins, a large mouth, and very long, sharp
teeth.
Viper's bugloss (Bot.), a rough-leaved biennial herb
(Echium vulgare) having showy purplish blue flowers. It
is sometimes cultivated, but has become a pestilent weed
in fields from New York to Virginia. Also called {blue
weed}.
Viper's grass (Bot.), a perennial composite herb
(Scorzonera Hispanica) with narrow, entire leaves, and
solitary heads of yellow flowers. The long, white,
carrot-shaped roots are used for food in Spain and some
other countries. Called also viper grass.
[1913 Webster]blueweed \blue"weed\ n.
a coarse prickly European weed (Echium vulgare) with spikes
of blue flowers; naturalized in the U. S.
Syn: blue devil, blue thistle, viper's bugloss.
[WordNet 1.5] |
Erica vulgaris
(gcide) | Heath \Heath\ (h[=e]th), n. [OE. heth waste land, the plant
heath, AS. h[=ae][eth]; akin to D. & G. heide, Icel.
hei[eth]r waste land, Dan. hede, Sw. hed, Goth. hai[thorn]i
field, L. bucetum a cow pasture; cf. W. coed a wood, Skr.
ksh[=e]tra field. [root]20.]
1. (Bot.)
(a) A low shrub (Erica vulgaris or Calluna vulgaris),
with minute evergreen leaves, and handsome clusters of
pink flowers. It is used in Great Britain for brooms,
thatch, beds for the poor, and for heating ovens. It
is also called heather, and ling.
(b) Also, any species of the genus Erica, of which
several are European, and many more are South African,
some of great beauty. See Illust. of Heather.
[1913 Webster]
2. A place overgrown with heath; any cheerless tract of
country overgrown with shrubs or coarse herbage.
[1913 Webster]
Their stately growth, though bare,
Stands on the blasted heath. --Milton
[1913 Webster]
Heath cock (Zool.), the blackcock. See Heath grouse
(below).
Heath grass (Bot.), a kind of perennial grass, of the genus
Triodia (Triodia decumbens), growing on dry heaths.
Heath grouse, or Heath game (Zool.), a European grouse
(Tetrao tetrix), which inhabits heaths; -- called also
black game, black grouse, heath poult, heath fowl,
moor fowl. The male is called heath cock, and
blackcock; the female, heath hen, and gray hen.
Heath hen. (Zool.) See Heath grouse (above).
Heath pea (Bot.), a species of bitter vetch ({Lathyrus
macrorhizus}), the tubers of which are eaten, and in
Scotland are used to flavor whisky.
Heath throstle (Zool.), a European thrush which frequents
heaths; the ring ouzel.
[1913 Webster] |
F vulgaris
(gcide) | Francolin \Fran"co*lin\, n. [F.; cf. It. francolino, Sp.
francolin.] (Zool.)
A spurred partidge of the genus Francolinus and allied
genera, of Asia and Africa. The common species ({F.
vulgaris}) was formerly common in southern Europe, but is now
nearly restricted to Asia.
[1913 Webster] |
Faba vulgaris
(gcide) | Horse \Horse\ (h[^o]rs), n. [AS. hors; akin to OS. hros, D. &
OHG. ros, G. ross, Icel. hross; and perh. to L. currere to
run, E. course, current Cf. Walrus.]
1. (Zool.) A hoofed quadruped of the genus Equus;
especially, the domestic horse (Equus caballus), which
was domesticated in Egypt and Asia at a very early period.
It has six broad molars, on each side of each jaw, with
six incisors, and two canine teeth, both above and below.
The mares usually have the canine teeth rudimentary or
wanting. The horse differs from the true asses, in having
a long, flowing mane, and the tail bushy to the base.
Unlike the asses it has callosities, or chestnuts, on all
its legs. The horse excels in strength, speed, docility,
courage, and nobleness of character, and is used for
drawing, carrying, bearing a rider, and like purposes.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Many varieties, differing in form, size, color, gait,
speed, etc., are known, but all are believed to have
been derived from the same original species. It is
supposed to have been a native of the plains of Central
Asia, but the wild species from which it was derived is
not certainly known. The feral horses of America are
domestic horses that have run wild; and it is probably
true that most of those of Asia have a similar origin.
Some of the true wild Asiatic horses do, however,
approach the domestic horse in several characteristics.
Several species of fossil (Equus) are known from the
later Tertiary formations of Europe and America. The
fossil species of other genera of the family
Equid[ae] are also often called horses, in general
sense.
[1913 Webster]
2. The male of the genus Equus, in distinction from the
female or male; usually, a castrated male.
[1913 Webster]
3. Mounted soldiery; cavalry; -- used without the plural
termination; as, a regiment of horse; -- distinguished
from foot.
[1913 Webster]
The armies were appointed, consisting of twenty-five
thousand horse and foot. --Bacon.
[1913 Webster]
4. A frame with legs, used to support something; as, a
clotheshorse, a sawhorse, etc.
[1913 Webster]
5. A frame of timber, shaped like a horse, on which soldiers
were made to ride for punishment.
[1913 Webster]
6. Anything, actual or figurative, on which one rides as on a
horse; a hobby.
[1913 Webster]
7. (Mining) A mass of earthy matter, or rock of the same
character as the wall rock, occurring in the course of a
vein, as of coal or ore; hence, to take horse -- said of a
vein -- is to divide into branches for a distance.
[1913 Webster]
8. (Naut.)
(a) See Footrope, a.
(b) A breastband for a leadsman.
(c) An iron bar for a sheet traveler to slide upon.
(d) A jackstay. --W. C. Russell. --Totten.
[1913 Webster]
9. (Student Slang)
(a) A translation or other illegitimate aid in study or
examination; -- called also trot, pony, Dobbin.
(b) Horseplay; tomfoolery.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]
10. heroin. [slang]
[PJC]
11. horsepower. [Colloq. contraction]
[PJC]
Note: Horse is much used adjectively and in composition to
signify of, or having to do with, a horse or horses,
like a horse, etc.; as, horse collar, horse dealer or
horse?dealer, horsehoe, horse jockey; and hence, often
in the sense of strong, loud, coarse, etc.; as,
horselaugh, horse nettle or horse-nettle, horseplay,
horse ant, etc.
[1913 Webster]
Black horse, Blood horse, etc. See under Black, etc.
Horse aloes, caballine aloes.
Horse ant (Zool.), a large ant (Formica rufa); -- called
also horse emmet.
Horse artillery, that portion of the artillery in which the
cannoneers are mounted, and which usually serves with the
cavalry; flying artillery.
Horse balm (Bot.), a strong-scented labiate plant
(Collinsonia Canadensis), having large leaves and
yellowish flowers.
Horse bean (Bot.), a variety of the English or Windsor bean
(Faba vulgaris), grown for feeding horses.
Horse boat, a boat for conveying horses and cattle, or a
boat propelled by horses.
Horse bot. (Zool.) See Botfly, and Bots.
Horse box, a railroad car for transporting valuable horses,
as hunters. [Eng.]
Horse breaker or Horse trainer, one employed in subduing
or training horses for use.
Horse car.
(a) A railroad car drawn by horses. See under Car.
(b) A car fitted for transporting horses.
Horse cassia (Bot.), a leguminous plant ({Cassia
Javanica}), bearing long pods, which contain a black,
catharic pulp, much used in the East Indies as a horse
medicine.
Horse cloth, a cloth to cover a horse.
Horse conch (Zool.), a large, spiral, marine shell of the
genus Triton. See Triton.
Horse courser.
(a) One that runs horses, or keeps horses for racing.
--Johnson.
(b) A dealer in horses. [Obs.] --Wiseman.
Horse crab (Zool.), the Limulus; -- called also
horsefoot, horsehoe crab, and king crab.
Horse crevall['e] (Zool.), the cavally.
Horse emmet (Zool.), the horse ant.
Horse finch (Zool.), the chaffinch. [Prov. Eng.]
Horse gentian (Bot.), fever root.
Horse iron (Naut.), a large calking iron.
Horse latitudes, a space in the North Atlantic famous for
calms and baffling winds, being between the westerly winds
of higher latitudes and the trade winds. --Ham. Nav.
Encyc.
Horse mackrel. (Zool.)
(a) The common tunny (Orcynus thunnus), found on the
Atlantic coast of Europe and America, and in the
Mediterranean.
(b) The bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix).
(c) The scad.
(d) The name is locally applied to various other fishes,
as the California hake, the black candlefish, the
jurel, the bluefish, etc.
Horse marine (Naut.), an awkward, lubbery person; one of a
mythical body of marine cavalry. [Slang]
Horse mussel (Zool.), a large, marine mussel ({Modiola
modiolus}), found on the northern shores of Europe and
America.
Horse nettle (Bot.), a coarse, prickly, American herb, the
Solanum Carolinense.
Horse parsley. (Bot.) See Alexanders.
Horse purslain (Bot.), a coarse fleshy weed of tropical
America (Trianthema monogymnum).
Horse race, a race by horses; a match of horses in running
or trotting.
Horse racing, the practice of racing with horses.
Horse railroad, a railroad on which the cars are drawn by
horses; -- in England, and sometimes in the United States,
called a tramway.
Horse run (Civil Engin.), a device for drawing loaded
wheelbarrows up an inclined plane by horse power.
Horse sense, strong common sense. [Colloq. U.S.]
Horse soldier, a cavalryman.
Horse sponge (Zool.), a large, coarse, commercial sponge
(Spongia equina).
Horse stinger (Zool.), a large dragon fly. [Prov. Eng.]
Horse sugar (Bot.), a shrub of the southern part of the
United States (Symplocos tinctoria), whose leaves are
sweet, and good for fodder.
Horse tick (Zool.), a winged, dipterous insect ({Hippobosca
equina}), which troubles horses by biting them, and
sucking their blood; -- called also horsefly, {horse
louse}, and forest fly.
Horse vetch (Bot.), a plant of the genus Hippocrepis
(Hippocrepis comosa), cultivated for the beauty of its
flowers; -- called also horsehoe vetch, from the
peculiar shape of its pods.
Iron horse, a locomotive. [Colloq.]
Salt horse, the sailor's name for salt beef.
To look a gift horse in the mouth, to examine the mouth of
a horse which has been received as a gift, in order to
ascertain his age; -- hence, to accept favors in a
critical and thankless spirit. --Lowell.
To take horse.
(a) To set out on horseback. --Macaulay.
(b) To be covered, as a mare.
(c) See definition 7 (above).
[1913 Webster]Bean \Bean\ (b[=e]n), n. [OE. bene, AS. be['a]n; akin to D.
boon, G. bohne, OHG. p[=o]na, Icel. baun, Dan. b["o]nne, Sw.
b["o]na, and perh. to Russ. bob, L. faba.]
1. (Bot.) A name given to the seed of certain leguminous
herbs, chiefly of the genera Faba, Phaseolus, and
Dolichos; also, to the herbs.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The origin and classification of many kinds are still
doubtful. Among true beans are: the black-eyed bean and
China bean, included in Dolichos Sinensis; black
Egyptian bean or hyacinth bean, Dolichos Lablab; the
common haricot beans, kidney beans, string beans, and
pole beans, all included in Phaseolus vulgaris; the
lower bush bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, variety nanus;
Lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus; Spanish bean and
scarlet runner, Phaseolus multiflorus; Windsor bean,
the common bean of England, Faba vulgaris.
[1913 Webster] As an article of food beans are classed
with vegetables.
[1913 Webster]
2. The popular name of other vegetable seeds or fruits, more
or less resembling true beans.
[1913 Webster]
Bean aphis (Zool.), a plant louse (Aphis fab[ae]) which
infests the bean plant.
Bean fly (Zool.), a fly found on bean flowers.
Bean goose (Zool.), a species of goose (Anser segetum).
Bean weevil (Zool.), a small weevil that in the larval
state destroys beans. The American species is {Bruchus
fab[ae]}.
Florida bean (Bot.), the seed of Mucuna urens, a West
Indian plant. The seeds are washed up on the Florida
shore, and are often polished and made into ornaments.
Ignatius bean, or St. Ignatius's bean (Bot.), a species
of Strychnos.
Navy bean, the common dried white bean of commerce;
probably so called because an important article of food in
the navy.
Pea bean, a very small and highly esteemed variety of the
edible white bean; -- so called from its size.
Sacred bean. See under Sacred.
Screw bean. See under Screw.
Sea bean.
(a) Same as Florida bean.
(b) A red bean of unknown species used for ornament.
Tonquin bean, or Tonka bean, the fragrant seed of
Dipteryx odorata, a leguminous tree.
Vanilla bean. See under Vanilla.
[1913 Webster] |
Faeniculum vulgare
(gcide) | Fennel \Fen"nel\ (f[e^]n"n[e^]l), n. [AS. fenol, finol, from L.
feniculum, faeniculum, dim. of fenum, faenum, hay: cf. F.
fenouil. Cf. Fenugreek. Finochio.] (Bot.)
A perennial plant of the genus F[ae]niculum ({F[ae]niculum
vulgare}), having very finely divided leaves. It is
cultivated in gardens for the agreeable aromatic flavor of
its seeds.
[1913 Webster]
Smell of sweetest fennel. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
A sprig of fennel was in fact the theological smelling
bottle of the tender sex. --S. G.
Goodrich.
[1913 Webster]
Azorean fennel, or Sweet fennel, (F[ae]niculum dulce).
It is a smaller and stouter plant than the common fennel,
and is used as a pot herb.
Dog's fennel (Anthemis Cotula), a foul-smelling European
weed; -- called also mayweed.
Fennel flower (Bot.), an herb (Nigella) of the Buttercup
family, having leaves finely divided, like those of the
fennel. Nigella Damascena is common in gardens. {Nigella
sativa} furnishes the fennel seed, used as a condiment,
etc., in India. These seeds are the "fitches" mentioned in
Isaiah (xxviii. 25).
Fennel water (Med.), the distilled water of fennel seed. It
is stimulant and carminative.
Giant fennel (Ferula communis), has stems full of pith,
which, it is said, were used to carry fire, first, by
Prometheus.
Hog's fennel, a European plant (Peucedanum officinale)
looking something like fennel.
[1913 Webster] |
Genetta vulgaris
(gcide) | Genet \Gen"et\ (j[e^]n"[e^]t or j[-e]*n[e^]t"), Genette
\Ge*nette"\ (j[-e]*n[e^]t"), n. [F. genette, Sp. gineta, fr. Ar.
jarnei[.t].]
1. (Zool.) One of several species of small Carnivora of the
genus Genetta, allied to the civets, but having the
scent glands less developed, and without a pouch.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The common genet (Genetta vulgaris) of Southern
Europe, Asia Minor, and North Africa, is dark gray,
spotted with black. The long tail is banded with black
and white. The Cape genet (Genetta felina), and the
berbe (Genetta pardina), are related African species.
[1913 Webster]
2. The fur of the common genet (Genetta vulgaris); also,
any skin dressed in imitation of this fur.
[1913 Webster] |
Gryllotalpa vulgaris
(gcide) | Mole \Mole\, n. [OE. molle, either shortened fr. moldwerp, or
from the root of E. mold soil: cf. D. mol, OD. molworp. See
Moldwarp.]
1. (Zool.) Any insectivore of the family Talpidae. They
have minute eyes and ears, soft fur, and very large and
strong fore feet.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The common European mole, or moldwarp ({Talpa
Europaea}), is noted for its extensive burrows. The
common American mole, or shrew mole ({Scalops
aquaticus}), and star-nosed mole (Condylura cristata)
have similar habits.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In the Scriptures, the name is applied to two
unindentified animals, perhaps the chameleon and mole
rat.
[1913 Webster]
2. A plow of peculiar construction, for forming underground
drains. [U.S.]
[1913 Webster]
3. (fig.)A spy who lives for years an apparently normal life
(to establish a cover) before beginning his spying
activities.
[PJC]
Duck mole. See under Duck.
Golden mole. See Chrysochlore.
Mole cricket (Zool.), an orthopterous insect of the genus
Gryllotalpa, which excavates subterranean galleries, and
throws up mounds of earth resembling those of the mole. It
is said to do damage by injuring the roots of plants. The
common European species (Gryllotalpa vulgaris), and the
American (Gryllotalpa borealis), are the best known.
Mole rat (Zool.), any one of several species of Old World
rodents of the genera Spalax, Georychus, and several
allied genera. They are molelike in appearance and habits,
and their eyes are small or rudimentary.
Mole shrew (Zool.), any one of several species of
short-tailed American shrews of the genus Blarina, esp.
Blarina brevicauda.
Water mole, the duck mole.
[1913 Webster] |
Hapale vulgaris
(gcide) | Jacchus \Jac"chus\, n. [NL., fr. L. Jacchus a mystic name of
Bacchus, Gr. ?.] (Zool.)
The common marmoset (Hapale vulgaris). Formerly, the name
was also applied to other species of the same genus.
[1913 Webster] |
Helianthemum vulgare
(gcide) | Rockrose \Rock"rose`\, n. (Bot.)
A name given to any species of the genus Helianthemum, low
shrubs or herbs with yellow flowers, especially the European
Helianthemum vulgare and the American frostweed,
Helianthemum Canadense.
[1913 Webster]
Cretan rockrose, a related shrub (Cistus Creticus), one
of the plants yielding the fragrant gum called ladanum.
[1913 Webster] |
Hippoglossus vulgaris
(gcide) | Halibut \Hal"i*but\ (h[o^]l"[i^]*b[u^]t; 277), n. [OE. hali holy
+ but, butte, flounder; akin to D. bot, G. butte; cf. D.
heilbot, G. heilbutt. So named as being eaten on holidays.
See Holy, Holiday.] (Zool.)
A large, northern, marine flatfish (Hippoglossus vulgaris),
of the family Pleuronectid[ae]. It often grows very large,
weighing more than three hundred pounds. It is an important
food fish. [Written also holibut.]
[1913 Webster] |
Hippuris vulgaris
(gcide) | Mare's-tail \Mare's"-tail`\, n.
1. A long streaky cloud, spreading out like a horse's tail,
and believed to indicate rain; a cirrus cloud. See
Cloud.
[1913 Webster]
Mackerel sky and mare's-tails
Make tall ships carry low sails. --Old Rhyme.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Bot.) An aquatic plant of the genus Hippuris ({Hippuris
vulgaris}), having narrow leaves in whorls.
[1913 Webster] |
Homarus vulgaris
(gcide) | Lobster \Lob"ster\, n. [AS. loppestre, lopystre prob., corrupted
fr. L. locusta a marine shellfish, a kind of lobster, a
locust. Cf. Locust.] (Zool.)
1. Any large macrurous crustacean used as food, esp. those of
the genus Homarus; as the American lobster ({Homarus
Americanus}), and the European lobster ({Homarus
vulgaris}). The Norwegian lobster (Nephrops Norvegicus)
is similar in form. All these have a pair of large unequal
claws. The spiny lobsters of more southern waters,
belonging to Palinurus, Panulirus, and allied genera,
have no large claws. The fresh-water crayfishes are
sometimes called lobsters.
[1913 Webster]
2. As a term of opprobrium or contempt: A gullible, awkward,
bungling, or undesirable person. [Slang]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Lobster caterpillar (Zool.), the caterpillar of a European
bombycid moth (Stauropus fagi); -- so called from its
form.
Lobster louse (Zool.), a copepod crustacean ({Nicotho["e]
astaci}) parasitic on the gills of the European lobster.
[1913 Webster] |
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