| slovo | definícia |
confessions
(encz) | confessions,přiznání pl. Zdeněk Brož |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
CONFESSIONS AND AVOIDANCE
(bouvier) | CONFESSIONS AND AVOIDANCE, pleadings. Pleas in confession and avoidance are
those which admit the averments in the plaintiff Is declaration to be true,
and allege new facts which obviate and repel their legal effects.
2. These pleas are to be considered, first, with respect to their
division. Of pleas in confession and avoidance, some are distinguished (in
reference to their subject matter) as pleas in justification or excuse,
others as pleas in discharge. Com. Dig. Pleader, 3 M 12. The pleas of the
former class, show some justification or excuse of the matter charged in the
declaration; of the latter, some discharge or release of that matter. The
effect of the former, therefore, is to show that the plaintiff never had any
right of action, because the act charged was lawful; the effect of the
latter, to show that though he had once a right of action, it is discharged
or released by some matter subsequent. Of those in justification or excuse,
the plea of son assault demesne is an example; of those in discharge, a
release. This division applies to pleas only; for replications and other
subsequent pleadings in confession and avoidance, are not subject to such
Classification;
3. Secondly, they are to be considered in respect to their form. As to
their form, the reader is referred to Stephens on Pleading, 72, 79, where
forms are given. In common with all pleadings whatever, which do not tender
issue, they always conclude with a verification and prayer of judgment.
4. Thirdly, with respect to the quality of these pleadings, it is a
rule that every pleading by way of confession and avoidance must give color.
(q.v.) And see, generally, 1 Chit. Pl. 599; 2 Chit. Pl, 644; Co. Litt. 282,
b; Arch. Civ. Pl. 215; Dane's Ab. Index, ii. t.; 3 Bouv. Inst. n. 2921, 293
1.
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JUDICIAL CONFESSIONS
(bouvier) | JUDICIAL CONFESSIONS, criminal law. Those voluntarily made before a
magistrate, or in a court, in the due course of legal proceedings. A
preliminary examination, taken in writing, by a magistrate lawfully
authorized, pursuant to a statute, or the plea of guilty, made in open court
to an indictment, are sufficient to found a conviction upon them.
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