| slovo | definícia |
cosmic ray
(encz) | cosmic ray,kosmický paprsek Zdeněk Brož |
cosmic ray
(wn) | cosmic ray
n 1: highly penetrating ionizing radiation of extraterrestrial
origin; consisting chiefly of protons and alpha particles;
collision with atmospheric particles results in rays and
particles of many kinds |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
cosmic rays
(encz) | cosmic rays,kosmické paprsky Zdeněk Brož |
cosmic rays
(foldoc) | cosmic rays
Notionally, the cause of bit rot. However, this is a
semi-independent usage that may be invoked as a humorous way
to handwave away any minor randomness that doesn't seem
worth the bother of investigating. "Hey, Eric - I just got
a burst of garbage on my tube, where did that come from?"
"Cosmic rays, I guess." Compare sunspots, {phase of the
moon}. The British seem to prefer the usage "cosmic showers";
"alpha particles" is also heard, because stray alpha particles
passing through a memory chip can cause single bit errors
(this becomes increasingly more likely as memory sizes and
densities increase).
Factual note: Alpha particles cause bit rot, cosmic rays do
not (except occasionally in spaceborne computers). Intel
could not explain random bit drops in their early chips, and
one hypothesis was cosmic rays. So they created the World's
Largest Lead Safe, using 25 tons of the stuff, and used two
identical boards for testing. One was placed in the safe, one
outside. The hypothesis was that if cosmic rays were causing
the bit drops, they should see a statistically significant
difference between the error rates on the two boards. They
did not observe such a difference. Further investigation
demonstrated conclusively that the bit drops were due to alpha
particle emissions from thorium (and to a much lesser degree
uranium) in the encapsulation material. Since it is
impossible to eliminate these radioactives (they are uniformly
distributed through the earth's crust, with the statistically
insignificant exception of uranium lodes) it became obvious
that one has to design memories to withstand these hits.
[Jargon File]
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cosmic rays
(jargon) | cosmic rays
n.
Notionally, the cause of bit rot. However, this is a semi-independent
usage that may be invoked as a humorous way to handwave away any minor {
randomness} that doesn't seem worth the bother of investigating. “Hey, Eric
— I just got a burst of garbage on my tube, where did that come from?” “
Cosmic rays, I guess.” Compare sunspots, phase of the moon. The British
seem to prefer the usage cosmic showers; alpha particles is also heard,
because stray alpha particles passing through a memory chip can cause
single-bit errors (this becomes increasingly more likely as memory sizes
and densities increase).
Factual note: Alpha particles cause bit rot, cosmic rays do not (except
occasionally in spaceborne computers). Intel could not explain random bit
drops in their early chips, and one hypothesis was cosmic rays. So they
created the World's Largest Lead Safe, using 25 tons of the stuff, and used
two identical boards for testing. One was placed in the safe, one outside.
The hypothesis was that if cosmic rays were causing the bit drops, they
should see a statistically significant difference between the error rates
on the two boards. They did not observe such a difference. Further
investigation demonstrated conclusively that the bit drops were due to
alpha particle emissions from thorium (and to a much lesser degree uranium)
in the encapsulation material. Since it is impossible to eliminate these
radioactives (they are uniformly distributed through the earth's crust,
with the statistically insignificant exception of uranium lodes) it became
obvious that one has to design memories to withstand these hits.
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