slovodefinícia
symbolic inference
(foldoc)
symbolic inference

The derivation of new facts from known facts and {inference
rules}. This is one of the fundamental operations of
artificial intelligence and logic programming languages
like Prolog.

Inference is a basic part of human reasoning. For example
given that all men are mortal and that Socrates is a man, it
is a trivial step to infer that Socrates is mortal. We might
express these symbolically:

man(X) => mortal(X).
man(socrates).

("if X is a man then X is mortal" and "Socrates is a man").
Here, "man", "mortal" and "socrates" are just arbitrary
symbols which the computer manipulates without reference to or
knowledge of their external meaning. A forward chaining
system (a production system) could use these to infer the
new fact

mortal(socrates).

simply by matching the left-hand-side of the implication
against the fact and substituting socrates for the variable X.

(1994-10-28)
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