| slovo | definícia |
unix
(wn) | UNIX
n 1: trademark for a powerful operating system [syn: UNIX,
UNIX system, UNIX operating system] |
unix
(foldoc) | Unix
/yoo'niks/ (Or "UNIX", in the authors'
words, "A weak pun on Multics") Plural "Unices". An
interactive time-sharing operating system invented in 1969
by Ken Thompson after Bell Labs left the Multics
project, originally so he could play games on his scavenged
PDP-7. Dennis Ritchie, the inventor of C, is considered
a co-author of the system.
The turning point in Unix's history came when it was
reimplemented almost entirely in C during 1972 - 1974, making
it the first source-portable OS. Unix subsequently
underwent mutations and expansions at the hands of many
different people, resulting in a uniquely flexible and
developer-friendly environment.
By 1991, Unix had become the most widely used multi-user
general-purpose operating system in the world. Many people
consider this the most important victory yet of hackerdom over
industry opposition (but see Unix weenie and {Unix
conspiracy} for an opposing point of view).
Unix is now offered by many manufacturers and is the subject
of an international standardisation effort [called?].
Unix-like operating systems include AIX, A/UX, BSD,
Debian, FreeBSD, GNU, HP-UX, Linux, NetBSD,
NEXTSTEP, OpenBSD, OPENSTEP, OSF, POSIX, RISCiX,
Solaris, SunOS, System V, Ultrix, USG Unix, {Version
7}, Xenix.
"Unix" or "UNIX"? Both seem roughly equally popular, perhaps
with a historical bias toward the latter. "UNIX" is a
registered trademark of The Open Group, however, since it is
a name and not an acronym, "Unix" has been adopted in this
dictionary except where a larger name includes it in upper
case. Since the OS is case-sensitive and exists in many
different versions, it is fitting that its name should reflect
this.
{The UNIX Reference Desk
(http://geek-girl.com/unix.html)}.
{Spanish fire extinguisher
(ftp://linux.mathematik.tu-darmstadt.de/pub/linux/people/okir/unix_flame.gif)}.
[Jargon File]
(2001-05-14)
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unix
(jargon) | Unix
/yoo'niks/, n.
[In the authors' words, “A weak pun on Multics”; very early on it was “
UNICS”] (also “UNIX”) An interactive timesharing system invented in 1969 by
Ken Thompson after Bell Labs left the Multics project, originally so he
could play games on his scavenged PDP-7. Dennis Ritchie, the inventor of C,
is considered a co-author of the system. The turning point in Unix's
history came when it was reimplemented almost entirely in C during
1972—1974, making it the first source-portable OS. Unix subsequently
underwent mutations and expansions at the hands of many different people,
resulting in a uniquely flexible and developer-friendly environment. By
1991, Unix had become the most widely used multiuser general-purpose
operating system in the world — and since 1996 the variant called Linux
has been at the cutting edge of the open source movement. Many people
consider the success of Unix the most important victory yet of hackerdom
over industry opposition (but see Unix weenie and Unix conspiracy for
an opposing point of view). See Version 7, BSD, Linux.
[richiethom]
Archetypal hackers ken (left) and dmr (right).
Some people are confused over whether this word is appropriately ‘UNIX’ or
‘Unix’; both forms are common, and used interchangeably. Dennis Ritchie
says that the ‘UNIX’ spelling originally happened in CACM's 1974 paper The
UNIX Time-Sharing System because “we had a new typesetter and troff had
just been invented and we were intoxicated by being able to produce small
caps.” Later, dmr tried to get the spelling changed to ‘Unix’ in a couple
of Bell Labs papers, on the grounds that the word is not acronymic. He
failed, and eventually (his words) “wimped out” on the issue. So, while the
trademark today is ‘UNIX’, both capitalizations are grounded in ancient
usage; the Jargon File uses ‘Unix’ in deference to dmr's wishes.
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