| slovo | definícia |
history
(mass) | history
- dejepis, dejiny, história |
history
(encz) | history,dějepis n: Zdeněk Brož |
history
(encz) | history,dějiny n: |
history
(encz) | history,historie n: |
history
(encz) | history,historka n: |
History
(gcide) | History \His"to*ry\, n.; pl. Histories. [L. historia, Gr.
'istori`a history, information, inquiry, fr. 'istwr, "istwr,
knowing, learned, from the root of ? to know; akin to E. wit.
See Wit, and cf. Story.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts
and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such
information; a narrative; a description; a written record;
as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a
legislative bill.
[1913 Webster]
2. A systematic, written account of events, particularly of
those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art,
and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of
their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a
romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate
simply the facts and events of each year, in strict
chronological order; from biography, which is the record
of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history
composed from personal experience, observation, and
memory.
[1913 Webster]
Histories are as perfect as the historian is wise,
and is gifted with an eye and a soul. --Carlyle.
[1913 Webster]
For aught that I could ever read,
Could ever hear by tale or history. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
What histories of toil could I declare! --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
History piece, a representation in painting, drawing, etc.,
of any real event, including the actors and the action.
Natural history, a description and classification of
objects in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc., and
the phenomena which they exhibit to the senses.
Syn: Chronicle; annals; relation; narration.
Usage: History, Chronicle, Annals. History is a
methodical record of important events which concern a
community of men, usually so arranged as to show the
connection of causes and effects, to give an analysis
of motive and action etc. A chronicle is a record of
such events, conforming to the order of time as its
distinctive feature. Annals are a chronicle divided up
into separate years. By poetic license annals is
sometimes used for history.
[1913 Webster]
Justly C[ae]sar scorns the poet's lays;
It is to history he trusts for praise. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
No more yet of this;
For 't is a chronicle of day by day,
Not a relation for a breakfast. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Many glorious examples in the annals of our
religion. --Rogers.
[1913 Webster] |
History
(gcide) | History \His"to*ry\, v. t.
To narrate or record. [Obs.] --Shak.
[1913 Webster] |
history
(wn) | history
n 1: the aggregate of past events; "a critical time in the
school's history"
2: a record or narrative description of past events; "a history
of France"; "he gave an inaccurate account of the plot to
kill the president"; "the story of exposure to lead" [syn:
history, account, chronicle, story]
3: the discipline that records and interprets past events
involving human beings; "he teaches Medieval history";
"history takes the long view"
4: the continuum of events occurring in succession leading from
the past to the present and even into the future; "all of
human history"
5: all that is remembered of the past as preserved in writing; a
body of knowledge; "the dawn of recorded history"; "from the
beginning of history" |
history
(foldoc) | history
1. {Virginia Tech history of computing
(http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/index.html)}. {IT Rentals computing
timeline (http://www.itrentals.com/historyofcomputing/)}.
2. A record of previous user inputs (e.g. to a
command interpreter) which can be re-entered without re-typing
them. The major improvement of the C shell (csh) over the
Bourne shell (sh) was the addition of a command history. This
was still inferior to the history mechanism on VMS which allowed
you to recall previous commands as the current input line. You
could then edit the command using cursor motion, insert and
delete. These sort of history editing facilities are available
under tcsh and GNU Emacs.
3. The history of the world was once discussed in Usenet
newsgroups news:soc.history and news:alt.history.
(2013-08-04)
|
history
(devil) | HISTORY, n. An account mostly false, of events mostly unimportant,
which are brought about by rulers mostly knaves, and soldiers mostly
fools.
Of Roman history, great Niebuhr's shown
'Tis nine-tenths lying. Faith, I wish 'twere known,
Ere we accept great Niebuhr as a guide,
Wherein he blundered and how much he lied.
Salder Bupp
|
HISTORY
(bouvier) | HISTORY, evidence. The recital of facts written and given out for true.
2. Facts stated in histories may be read in evidence, on the ground of
their notoriety. Skin. R. 14; 1 Ventr. R. 149. But these facts must be of a
public nature, and the general usages and customs of the country. Bull. P.
248; 7 Pet. R. 554; 1 Phil. & Am. Ev. 606; 30 Howell's St. Tr. 492.
Histories are not admissible in relation to matters not of a public nature,
such as the custom of a particular town, a descent, the boundaries of a
county, and the like. 1 Salk. 281; S. C. Skin. 623; T. Jones, 164; 6 C. & P.
586, note. See 9 Ves. 347; 10 Ves. 354; 3 John. 385; 1 Binn. 399; and
Notoriety.
|
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
art history
(encz) | art history,dějiny umění n: themelin |
case history
(encz) | case history, |
department of history
(encz) | department of history, n: |
family history
(encz) | family history, n: |
history department
(encz) | history department, n: |
history lesson
(encz) | history lesson, n: |
life history
(encz) | life history, |
medical history
(encz) | medical history, n: |
natural history
(encz) | natural history,přírodopis natural history,přírodozpyt |
prehistory
(encz) | prehistory,pravěk n: Zdeněk Brožprehistory,prehistorie n: Zdeněk Brož |
protohistory
(encz) | protohistory, n: |
the rest is history
(encz) | the rest is history, |
History
(gcide) | History \His"to*ry\, n.; pl. Histories. [L. historia, Gr.
'istori`a history, information, inquiry, fr. 'istwr, "istwr,
knowing, learned, from the root of ? to know; akin to E. wit.
See Wit, and cf. Story.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts
and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such
information; a narrative; a description; a written record;
as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a
legislative bill.
[1913 Webster]
2. A systematic, written account of events, particularly of
those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art,
and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of
their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a
romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate
simply the facts and events of each year, in strict
chronological order; from biography, which is the record
of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history
composed from personal experience, observation, and
memory.
[1913 Webster]
Histories are as perfect as the historian is wise,
and is gifted with an eye and a soul. --Carlyle.
[1913 Webster]
For aught that I could ever read,
Could ever hear by tale or history. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
What histories of toil could I declare! --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
History piece, a representation in painting, drawing, etc.,
of any real event, including the actors and the action.
Natural history, a description and classification of
objects in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc., and
the phenomena which they exhibit to the senses.
Syn: Chronicle; annals; relation; narration.
Usage: History, Chronicle, Annals. History is a
methodical record of important events which concern a
community of men, usually so arranged as to show the
connection of causes and effects, to give an analysis
of motive and action etc. A chronicle is a record of
such events, conforming to the order of time as its
distinctive feature. Annals are a chronicle divided up
into separate years. By poetic license annals is
sometimes used for history.
[1913 Webster]
Justly C[ae]sar scorns the poet's lays;
It is to history he trusts for praise. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
No more yet of this;
For 't is a chronicle of day by day,
Not a relation for a breakfast. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Many glorious examples in the annals of our
religion. --Rogers.
[1913 Webster]History \His"to*ry\, v. t.
To narrate or record. [Obs.] --Shak.
[1913 Webster] |
History piece
(gcide) | History \His"to*ry\, n.; pl. Histories. [L. historia, Gr.
'istori`a history, information, inquiry, fr. 'istwr, "istwr,
knowing, learned, from the root of ? to know; akin to E. wit.
See Wit, and cf. Story.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts
and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such
information; a narrative; a description; a written record;
as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a
legislative bill.
[1913 Webster]
2. A systematic, written account of events, particularly of
those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art,
and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of
their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a
romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate
simply the facts and events of each year, in strict
chronological order; from biography, which is the record
of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history
composed from personal experience, observation, and
memory.
[1913 Webster]
Histories are as perfect as the historian is wise,
and is gifted with an eye and a soul. --Carlyle.
[1913 Webster]
For aught that I could ever read,
Could ever hear by tale or history. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
What histories of toil could I declare! --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
History piece, a representation in painting, drawing, etc.,
of any real event, including the actors and the action.
Natural history, a description and classification of
objects in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc., and
the phenomena which they exhibit to the senses.
Syn: Chronicle; annals; relation; narration.
Usage: History, Chronicle, Annals. History is a
methodical record of important events which concern a
community of men, usually so arranged as to show the
connection of causes and effects, to give an analysis
of motive and action etc. A chronicle is a record of
such events, conforming to the order of time as its
distinctive feature. Annals are a chronicle divided up
into separate years. By poetic license annals is
sometimes used for history.
[1913 Webster]
Justly C[ae]sar scorns the poet's lays;
It is to history he trusts for praise. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
No more yet of this;
For 't is a chronicle of day by day,
Not a relation for a breakfast. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Many glorious examples in the annals of our
religion. --Rogers.
[1913 Webster] |
Landmarks of history
(gcide) | Landmark \Land"mark`\, n. [AS. landmearc. See Land, and Mark
a sign.]
1. A mark to designate the boundary of land; any mark or
fixed object (as a marked tree, a stone, a ditch, or a
heap of stones) by which the limits of a farm, a town, or
other portion of territory may be known and preserved.
[1913 Webster]
2. Any conspicuous object on land that serves as a guide;
some prominent object, as a hill or steeple.
[1913 Webster]
3. A structure that has special significance, such as a
building with historical associations; especially, a
building that is protected from destruction or alteration
by special laws intended to preserve structures of
historical significance; as, a landmark preservation law.
[PJC]
4. An event or accomplishment of great significance; as,
Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark of the civil
rights movement. Also used attributively, as a landmark
court decision.
[PJC]
Landmarks of history, important events by which eras or
conditions are determined.
[1913 Webster] |
Myth history
(gcide) | Myth \Myth\ (m[i^]th), n. [Written also mythe.] [Gr. my^qos
myth, fable, tale, talk, speech: cf. F. mythe.]
1. A story of great but unknown age which originally embodied
a belief regarding some fact or phenomenon of experience,
and in which often the forces of nature and of the soul
are personified; an ancient legend of a god, a hero, the
origin of a race, etc.; a wonder story of prehistoric
origin; a popular fable which is, or has been, received as
historical.
[1913 Webster]
2. A person or thing existing only in imagination, or whose
actual existence is not verifiable.
[1913 Webster]
As for Mrs. Primmins's bones, they had been myths
these twenty years. --Ld. Lytton.
[1913 Webster]
Myth history, history made of, or mixed with, myths.
[1913 Webster] |
Natural history
(gcide) | History \His"to*ry\, n.; pl. Histories. [L. historia, Gr.
'istori`a history, information, inquiry, fr. 'istwr, "istwr,
knowing, learned, from the root of ? to know; akin to E. wit.
See Wit, and cf. Story.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts
and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such
information; a narrative; a description; a written record;
as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a
legislative bill.
[1913 Webster]
2. A systematic, written account of events, particularly of
those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art,
and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of
their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a
romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate
simply the facts and events of each year, in strict
chronological order; from biography, which is the record
of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history
composed from personal experience, observation, and
memory.
[1913 Webster]
Histories are as perfect as the historian is wise,
and is gifted with an eye and a soul. --Carlyle.
[1913 Webster]
For aught that I could ever read,
Could ever hear by tale or history. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
What histories of toil could I declare! --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
History piece, a representation in painting, drawing, etc.,
of any real event, including the actors and the action.
Natural history, a description and classification of
objects in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc., and
the phenomena which they exhibit to the senses.
Syn: Chronicle; annals; relation; narration.
Usage: History, Chronicle, Annals. History is a
methodical record of important events which concern a
community of men, usually so arranged as to show the
connection of causes and effects, to give an analysis
of motive and action etc. A chronicle is a record of
such events, conforming to the order of time as its
distinctive feature. Annals are a chronicle divided up
into separate years. By poetic license annals is
sometimes used for history.
[1913 Webster]
Justly C[ae]sar scorns the poet's lays;
It is to history he trusts for praise. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
No more yet of this;
For 't is a chronicle of day by day,
Not a relation for a breakfast. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Many glorious examples in the annals of our
religion. --Rogers.
[1913 Webster]Natural \Nat"u*ral\ (?; 135), a. [OE. naturel, F. naturel, fr.
L. naturalis, fr. natura. See Nature.]
1. Fixed or determined by nature; pertaining to the
constitution of a thing; belonging to native character;
according to nature; essential; characteristic; innate;
not artificial, foreign, assumed, put on, or acquired; as,
the natural growth of animals or plants; the natural
motion of a gravitating body; natural strength or
disposition; the natural heat of the body; natural color.
[1913 Webster]
With strong natural sense, and rare force of will.
--Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
2. Conformed to the order, laws, or actual facts, of nature;
consonant to the methods of nature; according to the
stated course of things, or in accordance with the laws
which govern events, feelings, etc.; not exceptional or
violent; legitimate; normal; regular; as, the natural
consequence of crime; a natural death; anger is a natural
response to insult.
[1913 Webster]
What can be more natural than the circumstances in
the behavior of those women who had lost their
husbands on this fatal day? --Addison.
[1913 Webster]
3. Having to do with existing system to things; dealing with,
or derived from, the creation, or the world of matter and
mind, as known by man; within the scope of human reason or
experience; not supernatural; as, a natural law; natural
science; history, theology.
[1913 Webster]
I call that natural religion which men might know .
. . by the mere principles of reason, improved by
consideration and experience, without the help of
revelation. --Bp. Wilkins.
[1913 Webster]
4. Conformed to truth or reality; as:
(a) Springing from true sentiment; not artificial or
exaggerated; -- said of action, delivery, etc.; as, a
natural gesture, tone, etc.
(b) Resembling the object imitated; true to nature;
according to the life; -- said of anything copied or
imitated; as, a portrait is natural.
[1913 Webster]
5. Having the character or sentiments properly belonging to
one's position; not unnatural in feelings.
[1913 Webster]
To leave his wife, to leave his babes, . . .
He wants the natural touch. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
6. Connected by the ties of consanguinity. especially,
Related by birth rather than by adoption; as, one's
natural mother. "Natural friends." --J. H. Newman.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
7. Hence: Begotten without the sanction of law; born out of
wedlock; illegitimate; bastard; as, a natural child.
[1913 Webster]
8. Of or pertaining to the lower or animal nature, as
contrasted with the higher or moral powers, or that which
is spiritual; being in a state of nature; unregenerate.
[1913 Webster]
The natural man receiveth not the things of the
Spirit of God. --1 Cor. ii.
14.
[1913 Webster]
9. (Math.) Belonging to, to be taken in, or referred to, some
system, in which the base is 1; -- said of certain
functions or numbers; as, natural numbers, those
commencing at 1; natural sines, cosines, etc., those taken
in arcs whose radii are 1.
[1913 Webster]
10. (Mus.)
(a) Produced by natural organs, as those of the human
throat, in distinction from instrumental music.
(b) Of or pertaining to a key which has neither a flat
nor a sharp for its signature, as the key of C major.
(c) Applied to an air or modulation of harmony which
moves by easy and smooth transitions, digressing but
little from the original key.
(d) Neither flat nor sharp; -- of a tone.
(e) Changed to the pitch which is neither flat nor sharp,
by appending the sign [natural]; as, A natural.
--Moore (Encyc. of Music).
[1913 Webster +PJC]
11. Existing in nature or created by the forces of nature, in
contrast to production by man; not made, manufactured, or
processed by humans; as, a natural ruby; a natural
bridge; natural fibers; a deposit of natural calcium
sulfate. Opposed to artificial, man-made,
manufactured, processed and synthetic. [WordNet
sense 2]
[PJC]
12. Hence: Not processed or refined; in the same statre as
that existing in nature; as, natural wood; natural foods.
[PJC]
Natural day, the space of twenty-four hours. --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]
Natural fats, Natural gas, etc. See under Fat, Gas.
etc.
Natural Harmony (Mus.), the harmony of the triad or common
chord.
Natural history, in its broadest sense, a history or
description of nature as a whole, including the sciences
of botany, Zoology, geology, mineralogy,
paleontology, chemistry, and physics. In recent
usage the term is often restricted to the sciences of
botany and Zoology collectively, and sometimes to the
science of zoology alone.
Natural law, that instinctive sense of justice and of right
and wrong, which is native in mankind, as distinguished
from specifically revealed divine law, and formulated
human law.
Natural modulation (Mus.), transition from one key to its
relative keys.
Natural order. (Nat. Hist.) See under order.
Natural person. (Law) See under person, n.
Natural philosophy, originally, the study of nature in
general; the natural sciences; in modern usage, that
branch of physical science, commonly called physics,
which treats of the phenomena and laws of matter and
considers those effects only which are unaccompanied by
any change of a chemical nature; -- contrasted with
mental philosophy and moral philosophy.
Natural scale (Mus.), a scale which is written without
flats or sharps.
Note: Model would be a preferable term, as less likely to
mislead, the so-called artificial scales (scales
represented by the use of flats and sharps) being
equally natural with the so-called natural scale.
Natural science, the study of objects and phenomena
existing in nature, especially biology, chemistry, physics
and their interdisciplinary related sciences; {natural
history}, in its broadest sense; -- used especially in
contradistinction to social science, mathematics,
philosophy, mental science or moral science.
Natural selection (Biol.), the operation of natural laws
analogous, in their operation and results, to designed
selection in breeding plants and animals, and resulting in
the survival of the fittest; the elimination over time of
species unable to compete in specific environments with
other species more adapted to survival; -- the essential
mechanism of evolution. The principle of natural selection
is neutral with respect to the mechanism by which
inheritable changes occur in organisms (most commonly
thought to be due to mutation of genes and reorganization
of genomes), but proposes that those forms which have
become so modified as to be better adapted to the existing
environment have tended to survive and leave similarly
adapted descendants, while those less perfectly adapted
have tended to die out through lack of fitness for the
environment, thus resulting in the survival of the
fittest. See Darwinism.
Natural system (Bot. & Zool.), a classification based upon
real affinities, as shown in the structure of all parts of
the organisms, and by their embryology.
It should be borne in mind that the natural system
of botany is natural only in the constitution of its
genera, tribes, orders, etc., and in its grand
divisions. --Gray.
Natural theology, or Natural religion, that part of
theological science which treats of those evidences of the
existence and attributes of the Supreme Being which are
exhibited in nature; -- distinguished from {revealed
religion}. See Quotation under Natural, a., 3.
Natural vowel, the vowel sound heard in urn, furl, sir,
her, etc.; -- so called as being uttered in the easiest
open position of the mouth organs. See Neutral vowel,
under Neutral and Guide to Pronunciation, [sect] 17.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Syn: See Native.
[1913 Webster] |
natural history
(gcide) | History \His"to*ry\, n.; pl. Histories. [L. historia, Gr.
'istori`a history, information, inquiry, fr. 'istwr, "istwr,
knowing, learned, from the root of ? to know; akin to E. wit.
See Wit, and cf. Story.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts
and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such
information; a narrative; a description; a written record;
as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a
legislative bill.
[1913 Webster]
2. A systematic, written account of events, particularly of
those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art,
and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of
their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a
romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate
simply the facts and events of each year, in strict
chronological order; from biography, which is the record
of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history
composed from personal experience, observation, and
memory.
[1913 Webster]
Histories are as perfect as the historian is wise,
and is gifted with an eye and a soul. --Carlyle.
[1913 Webster]
For aught that I could ever read,
Could ever hear by tale or history. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
What histories of toil could I declare! --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
History piece, a representation in painting, drawing, etc.,
of any real event, including the actors and the action.
Natural history, a description and classification of
objects in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc., and
the phenomena which they exhibit to the senses.
Syn: Chronicle; annals; relation; narration.
Usage: History, Chronicle, Annals. History is a
methodical record of important events which concern a
community of men, usually so arranged as to show the
connection of causes and effects, to give an analysis
of motive and action etc. A chronicle is a record of
such events, conforming to the order of time as its
distinctive feature. Annals are a chronicle divided up
into separate years. By poetic license annals is
sometimes used for history.
[1913 Webster]
Justly C[ae]sar scorns the poet's lays;
It is to history he trusts for praise. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]
No more yet of this;
For 't is a chronicle of day by day,
Not a relation for a breakfast. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Many glorious examples in the annals of our
religion. --Rogers.
[1913 Webster]Natural \Nat"u*ral\ (?; 135), a. [OE. naturel, F. naturel, fr.
L. naturalis, fr. natura. See Nature.]
1. Fixed or determined by nature; pertaining to the
constitution of a thing; belonging to native character;
according to nature; essential; characteristic; innate;
not artificial, foreign, assumed, put on, or acquired; as,
the natural growth of animals or plants; the natural
motion of a gravitating body; natural strength or
disposition; the natural heat of the body; natural color.
[1913 Webster]
With strong natural sense, and rare force of will.
--Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
2. Conformed to the order, laws, or actual facts, of nature;
consonant to the methods of nature; according to the
stated course of things, or in accordance with the laws
which govern events, feelings, etc.; not exceptional or
violent; legitimate; normal; regular; as, the natural
consequence of crime; a natural death; anger is a natural
response to insult.
[1913 Webster]
What can be more natural than the circumstances in
the behavior of those women who had lost their
husbands on this fatal day? --Addison.
[1913 Webster]
3. Having to do with existing system to things; dealing with,
or derived from, the creation, or the world of matter and
mind, as known by man; within the scope of human reason or
experience; not supernatural; as, a natural law; natural
science; history, theology.
[1913 Webster]
I call that natural religion which men might know .
. . by the mere principles of reason, improved by
consideration and experience, without the help of
revelation. --Bp. Wilkins.
[1913 Webster]
4. Conformed to truth or reality; as:
(a) Springing from true sentiment; not artificial or
exaggerated; -- said of action, delivery, etc.; as, a
natural gesture, tone, etc.
(b) Resembling the object imitated; true to nature;
according to the life; -- said of anything copied or
imitated; as, a portrait is natural.
[1913 Webster]
5. Having the character or sentiments properly belonging to
one's position; not unnatural in feelings.
[1913 Webster]
To leave his wife, to leave his babes, . . .
He wants the natural touch. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
6. Connected by the ties of consanguinity. especially,
Related by birth rather than by adoption; as, one's
natural mother. "Natural friends." --J. H. Newman.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
7. Hence: Begotten without the sanction of law; born out of
wedlock; illegitimate; bastard; as, a natural child.
[1913 Webster]
8. Of or pertaining to the lower or animal nature, as
contrasted with the higher or moral powers, or that which
is spiritual; being in a state of nature; unregenerate.
[1913 Webster]
The natural man receiveth not the things of the
Spirit of God. --1 Cor. ii.
14.
[1913 Webster]
9. (Math.) Belonging to, to be taken in, or referred to, some
system, in which the base is 1; -- said of certain
functions or numbers; as, natural numbers, those
commencing at 1; natural sines, cosines, etc., those taken
in arcs whose radii are 1.
[1913 Webster]
10. (Mus.)
(a) Produced by natural organs, as those of the human
throat, in distinction from instrumental music.
(b) Of or pertaining to a key which has neither a flat
nor a sharp for its signature, as the key of C major.
(c) Applied to an air or modulation of harmony which
moves by easy and smooth transitions, digressing but
little from the original key.
(d) Neither flat nor sharp; -- of a tone.
(e) Changed to the pitch which is neither flat nor sharp,
by appending the sign [natural]; as, A natural.
--Moore (Encyc. of Music).
[1913 Webster +PJC]
11. Existing in nature or created by the forces of nature, in
contrast to production by man; not made, manufactured, or
processed by humans; as, a natural ruby; a natural
bridge; natural fibers; a deposit of natural calcium
sulfate. Opposed to artificial, man-made,
manufactured, processed and synthetic. [WordNet
sense 2]
[PJC]
12. Hence: Not processed or refined; in the same statre as
that existing in nature; as, natural wood; natural foods.
[PJC]
Natural day, the space of twenty-four hours. --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]
Natural fats, Natural gas, etc. See under Fat, Gas.
etc.
Natural Harmony (Mus.), the harmony of the triad or common
chord.
Natural history, in its broadest sense, a history or
description of nature as a whole, including the sciences
of botany, Zoology, geology, mineralogy,
paleontology, chemistry, and physics. In recent
usage the term is often restricted to the sciences of
botany and Zoology collectively, and sometimes to the
science of zoology alone.
Natural law, that instinctive sense of justice and of right
and wrong, which is native in mankind, as distinguished
from specifically revealed divine law, and formulated
human law.
Natural modulation (Mus.), transition from one key to its
relative keys.
Natural order. (Nat. Hist.) See under order.
Natural person. (Law) See under person, n.
Natural philosophy, originally, the study of nature in
general; the natural sciences; in modern usage, that
branch of physical science, commonly called physics,
which treats of the phenomena and laws of matter and
considers those effects only which are unaccompanied by
any change of a chemical nature; -- contrasted with
mental philosophy and moral philosophy.
Natural scale (Mus.), a scale which is written without
flats or sharps.
Note: Model would be a preferable term, as less likely to
mislead, the so-called artificial scales (scales
represented by the use of flats and sharps) being
equally natural with the so-called natural scale.
Natural science, the study of objects and phenomena
existing in nature, especially biology, chemistry, physics
and their interdisciplinary related sciences; {natural
history}, in its broadest sense; -- used especially in
contradistinction to social science, mathematics,
philosophy, mental science or moral science.
Natural selection (Biol.), the operation of natural laws
analogous, in their operation and results, to designed
selection in breeding plants and animals, and resulting in
the survival of the fittest; the elimination over time of
species unable to compete in specific environments with
other species more adapted to survival; -- the essential
mechanism of evolution. The principle of natural selection
is neutral with respect to the mechanism by which
inheritable changes occur in organisms (most commonly
thought to be due to mutation of genes and reorganization
of genomes), but proposes that those forms which have
become so modified as to be better adapted to the existing
environment have tended to survive and leave similarly
adapted descendants, while those less perfectly adapted
have tended to die out through lack of fitness for the
environment, thus resulting in the survival of the
fittest. See Darwinism.
Natural system (Bot. & Zool.), a classification based upon
real affinities, as shown in the structure of all parts of
the organisms, and by their embryology.
It should be borne in mind that the natural system
of botany is natural only in the constitution of its
genera, tribes, orders, etc., and in its grand
divisions. --Gray.
Natural theology, or Natural religion, that part of
theological science which treats of those evidences of the
existence and attributes of the Supreme Being which are
exhibited in nature; -- distinguished from {revealed
religion}. See Quotation under Natural, a., 3.
Natural vowel, the vowel sound heard in urn, furl, sir,
her, etc.; -- so called as being uttered in the easiest
open position of the mouth organs. See Neutral vowel,
under Neutral and Guide to Pronunciation, [sect] 17.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Syn: See Native.
[1913 Webster] |
ancient history
(wn) | ancient history
n 1: a history of the ancient world
2: knowledge of some recent fact or event that has become so
commonly known that it has lost its original pertinence |
art history
(wn) | art history
n 1: the academic discipline that studies the development of
painting and sculpture |
case history
(wn) | case history
n 1: detailed record of the background of a person or group
under study or treatment |
department of history
(wn) | department of history
n 1: the academic department responsible for teaching history
[syn: history department, department of history] |
family history
(wn) | family history
n 1: part of a patient's medical history in which questions are
asked in an attempt to find out whether the patient has
hereditary tendencies toward particular diseases |
history department
(wn) | history department
n 1: the academic department responsible for teaching history
[syn: history department, department of history] |
history lesson
(wn) | history lesson
n 1: a lesson in the facts of history |
life history
(wn) | life history
n 1: an account of the series of events making up a person's
life [syn: biography, life, life story, {life
history}]
2: the general progression of your working or professional life;
"the general had had a distinguished career"; "he had a long
career in the law" [syn: career, life history] |
medical history
(wn) | medical history
n 1: the case history of a medical patient as recalled by the
patient [syn: medical history, medical record,
anamnesis] |
natural history
(wn) | natural history
n 1: the scientific study of plants or animals (more
observational than experimental) usually published in
popular magazines rather than in academic journals |
prehistory
(wn) | prehistory
n 1: the time during the development of human culture before the
appearance of the written word [syn: prehistory,
prehistoric culture] |
protohistory
(wn) | protohistory
n 1: the study humans prior to the invention of writing [syn:
protohistory, protoanthropology] |
HISTORY
(bouvier) | HISTORY, evidence. The recital of facts written and given out for true.
2. Facts stated in histories may be read in evidence, on the ground of
their notoriety. Skin. R. 14; 1 Ventr. R. 149. But these facts must be of a
public nature, and the general usages and customs of the country. Bull. P.
248; 7 Pet. R. 554; 1 Phil. & Am. Ev. 606; 30 Howell's St. Tr. 492.
Histories are not admissible in relation to matters not of a public nature,
such as the custom of a particular town, a descent, the boundaries of a
county, and the like. 1 Salk. 281; S. C. Skin. 623; T. Jones, 164; 6 C. & P.
586, note. See 9 Ves. 347; 10 Ves. 354; 3 John. 385; 1 Binn. 399; and
Notoriety.
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