| slovo | definícia |
cosmic
(encz) | cosmic,kosmický adj: Zdeněk Brož |
cosmic
(encz) | cosmic,vesmírný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
Cosmic
(gcide) | Cosmic \Cos"mic\ (k?z"m?k), Cosmical \Cos"mic*al\ (-m?-kal), a.
[Gr. kosmiko`s of the world, fr. ko`smos: cf. F. cosmique.
See Cosmos.]
1. Pertaining to the universe, and having special reference
to universal law or order, or to the one grand harmonious
system of things; hence; harmonious; orderly.
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2. Pertaining to the solar system as a whole, and not to the
earth alone.
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3. Characteristic of the cosmos or universe; inconceivably
great; vast; as, cosmic speed. "Cosmic ranges of time."
--Tyndall.
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4. (Astron.) Rising or setting with the sun; -- the opposite
of acronycal.
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5. of unsurpassed size, extent, or significance; vast; as, of
cosmic proportions; of cosmic importance.
[PJC] |
cosmic
(wn) | cosmic
adj 1: of or from or pertaining to or characteristic of the
cosmos or universe; "cosmic laws"; "cosmic catastrophe";
"cosmic rays"
2: inconceivably extended in space or time |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
cosmic
(encz) | cosmic,kosmický adj: Zdeněk Brožcosmic,vesmírný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
cosmic background radiation
(encz) | cosmic background radiation, n: |
cosmic dust
(encz) | cosmic dust, n: |
cosmic microwave background
(encz) | cosmic microwave background, n: |
cosmic microwave background radiation
(encz) | cosmic microwave background radiation, n: |
cosmic radiation
(encz) | cosmic radiation, n: |
cosmic ray
(encz) | cosmic ray,kosmický paprsek Zdeněk Brož |
cosmic rays
(encz) | cosmic rays,kosmické paprsky Zdeněk Brož |
cosmic time
(encz) | cosmic time, n: |
cosmical
(encz) | cosmical,kosmický adj: Zdeněk Brož |
cosmically
(encz) | cosmically,kosmicky adv: Zdeněk Brož |
macrocosmic
(encz) | macrocosmic, adj: |
microcosmic
(encz) | microcosmic,mikrokosmický adj: Zdeněk Brož |
microcosmic salt
(encz) | microcosmic salt, n: |
Cosmical
(gcide) | Cosmic \Cos"mic\ (k?z"m?k), Cosmical \Cos"mic*al\ (-m?-kal), a.
[Gr. kosmiko`s of the world, fr. ko`smos: cf. F. cosmique.
See Cosmos.]
1. Pertaining to the universe, and having special reference
to universal law or order, or to the one grand harmonious
system of things; hence; harmonious; orderly.
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2. Pertaining to the solar system as a whole, and not to the
earth alone.
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3. Characteristic of the cosmos or universe; inconceivably
great; vast; as, cosmic speed. "Cosmic ranges of time."
--Tyndall.
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4. (Astron.) Rising or setting with the sun; -- the opposite
of acronycal.
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5. of unsurpassed size, extent, or significance; vast; as, of
cosmic proportions; of cosmic importance.
[PJC] |
Cosmically
(gcide) | Cosmically \Cos"mic*al*ly\, adv.
1. With the sun at rising or setting; as, a star is said to
rise or set cosmically when it rises or sets with the sun.
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2. Universally. [R.] --Emerson.
[1913 Webster] Cosmogonic
Cosmogonal |
Macrocosmic
(gcide) | Macrocosmic \Mac`ro*cos"mic\, a.
Of or pertaining to the macrocosm. --Tylor.
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Microcosmic
(gcide) | Microcosmic \Mi`cro*cos"mic\, Microcosmical \Mi`cro*cos"mic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. microcosmique.]
Of or pertaining to the microcosm.
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Microcosmic salt (Chem.), a white crystalline substance
obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and
ammonium phosphate, and also called
hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux,
and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe
reagent in testing for the metallic oxides. Originally
obtained by the alchemists from human urine, and called
sal microcosmicum.
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Microcosmic salt
(gcide) | Salt \Salt\, n. [AS. sealt; akin to OS. & OFries. salt, D. zout,
G. salz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. salt, L. sal, Gr. ?, Russ. sole,
Ir. & Gael. salann, W. halen, of unknown origin. Cf. Sal,
Salad, Salary, Saline, Sauce, Sausage.]
1. The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning
food, for the preservation of meat, etc. It is found
native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation
and crystallization, from sea water and other water
impregnated with saline particles.
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2. Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack; seasoning.
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Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . .
. we have some salt of our youth in us. --Shak.
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3. Hence, also, piquancy; wit; sense; as, Attic salt.
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4. A dish for salt at table; a saltcellar.
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I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen
of silver salts. --Pepys.
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5. A sailor; -- usually qualified by old. [Colloq.]
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Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing
and gossiping, clusters of old salts. --Hawthorne.
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6. (Chem.) The neutral compound formed by the union of an
acid and a base; thus, sulphuric acid and iron form the
salt sulphate of iron or green vitriol.
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Note: Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking,
it is the acid radical which unites with the base or
basic radical, with the elimination of hydrogen, of
water, or of analogous compounds as side products. In
the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic
and tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary
in degree, producing respectively basic, neutral, or
acid salts. See Phrases below.
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7. Fig.: That which preserves from corruption or error; that
which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also, an
allowance or deduction; as, his statements must be taken
with a grain of salt.
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Ye are the salt of the earth. --Matt. v. 13.
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8. pl. Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic,
especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or Glauber's salt.
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9. pl. Marshes flooded by the tide. [Prov. Eng.]
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Above the salt, Below the salt, phrases which have
survived the old custom, in the houses of people of rank,
of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a long
table, the places above which were assigned to the guests
of distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors,
and poor relations. See Saltfoot.
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His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is
beneath him in clothes. He never drinks below the
salt. --B. Jonson.
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Acid salt (Chem.)
(a) A salt derived from an acid which has several
replaceable hydrogen atoms which are only partially
exchanged for metallic atoms or basic radicals; as,
acid potassium sulphate is an acid salt.
(b) A salt, whatever its constitution, which merely gives
an acid reaction; thus, copper sulphate, which is
composed of a strong acid united with a weak base, is
an acid salt in this sense, though theoretically it is
a neutral salt.
Alkaline salt (Chem.), a salt which gives an alkaline
reaction, as sodium carbonate.
Amphid salt (Old Chem.), a salt of the oxy type, formerly
regarded as composed of two oxides, an acid and a basic
oxide. [Obsolescent]
Basic salt (Chem.)
(a) A salt which contains more of the basic constituent
than is required to neutralize the acid.
(b) An alkaline salt.
Binary salt (Chem.), a salt of the oxy type conveniently
regarded as composed of two ingredients (analogously to a
haloid salt), viz., a metal and an acid radical.
Double salt (Chem.), a salt regarded as formed by the union
of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium
sulphate. See under Double.
Epsom salts. See in the Vocabulary.
Essential salt (Old Chem.), a salt obtained by
crystallizing plant juices.
Ethereal salt. (Chem.) See under Ethereal.
Glauber's salt or Glauber's salts. See in Vocabulary.
Haloid salt (Chem.), a simple salt of a halogen acid, as
sodium chloride.
Microcosmic salt. (Chem.). See under Microcosmic.
Neutral salt. (Chem.)
(a) A salt in which the acid and base (in theory)
neutralize each other.
(b) A salt which gives a neutral reaction.
Oxy salt (Chem.), a salt derived from an oxygen acid.
Per salt (Old Chem.), a salt supposed to be derived from a
peroxide base or analogous compound. [Obs.]
Permanent salt, a salt which undergoes no change on
exposure to the air.
Proto salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a protoxide base or
analogous compound.
Rochelle salt. See under Rochelle.
Salt of amber (Old Chem.), succinic acid.
Salt of colcothar (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or sulphate
of iron.
Salt of hartshorn. (Old Chem.)
(a) Sal ammoniac, or ammonium chloride.
(b) Ammonium carbonate. Cf. Spirit of hartshorn, under
Hartshorn.
Salt of lemons. (Chem.) See Salt of sorrel, below.
Salt of Saturn (Old Chem.), sugar of lead; lead acetate; --
the alchemical name of lead being Saturn.
Salt of Seignette. Same as Rochelle salt.
Salt of soda (Old Chem.), sodium carbonate.
Salt of sorrel (Old Chem.), acid potassium oxalate, or
potassium quadroxalate, used as a solvent for ink stains;
-- so called because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also
sometimes inaccurately called salt of lemon.
Salt of tartar (Old Chem.), potassium carbonate; -- so
called because formerly made by heating cream of tartar,
or potassium tartrate. [Obs.]
Salt of Venus (Old Chem.), blue vitriol; copper sulphate;
-- the alchemical name of copper being Venus.
Salt of wisdom. See Alembroth.
Sedative salt (Old Med. Chem.), boric acid.
Sesqui salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a sesquioxide base
or analogous compound.
Spirit of salt. (Chem.) See under Spirit.
Sulpho salt (Chem.), a salt analogous to an oxy salt, but
containing sulphur in place of oxygen.
[1913 Webster]Microcosmic \Mi`cro*cos"mic\, Microcosmical \Mi`cro*cos"mic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. microcosmique.]
Of or pertaining to the microcosm.
[1913 Webster]
Microcosmic salt (Chem.), a white crystalline substance
obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and
ammonium phosphate, and also called
hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux,
and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe
reagent in testing for the metallic oxides. Originally
obtained by the alchemists from human urine, and called
sal microcosmicum.
[1913 Webster] |
Microcosmical
(gcide) | Microcosmic \Mi`cro*cos"mic\, Microcosmical \Mi`cro*cos"mic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. microcosmique.]
Of or pertaining to the microcosm.
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Microcosmic salt (Chem.), a white crystalline substance
obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and
ammonium phosphate, and also called
hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux,
and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe
reagent in testing for the metallic oxides. Originally
obtained by the alchemists from human urine, and called
sal microcosmicum.
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Neocosmic
(gcide) | Neocosmic \Ne`o*cos"mic\, a. [Neo- + cosmic.]
Of or pertaining to the universe in its present state;
specifically, pertaining to the races of men known to
history.
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Sal microcosmicum
(gcide) | Sal \Sal\ (s[a^]l), n. [L. See Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.)
Salt.
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Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an impure potassium
carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood ({Artemisia
Absinthium}).
Sal acetosellae [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt of sorrel.
Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth.
Sal ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, a white
crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste,
obtained from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It
is largely employed as a source of ammonia, as a reagent,
and as an expectorant in bronchitis. So called because
originally made from the soot from camel's dung at the
temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also {muriate of
ammonia}.
Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts.
Sal culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium
chloride.
Sal Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above.
Sal de duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.),
potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously
supposed to be composed of two salts, one acid and one
alkaline.
Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), potassium acetate.
Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium sulphate.
Sal gemmae [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring native.
Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride;
-- the alchemical name of tin being Jove.
Sal Martis [NL.] (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous
sulphate; -- the alchemical name of iron being Mars.
Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Microcosmic salt,
under Microcosmic.
Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead.
Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under 1st
Prunella.
Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead
acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn.
Sal sedativus [NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric
acid.
Sal Seignette [F. seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.),
Rochelle salt.
Sal soda (Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium.
Sal vitrioli [NL.] (Old Chem.), white vitriol; zinc
sulphate.
Sal volatile. [NL.]
(a) (Chem.) See Sal ammoniac, above.
(b) Spirits of ammonia.
[1913 Webster]Microcosmic \Mi`cro*cos"mic\, Microcosmical \Mi`cro*cos"mic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. microcosmique.]
Of or pertaining to the microcosm.
[1913 Webster]
Microcosmic salt (Chem.), a white crystalline substance
obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and
ammonium phosphate, and also called
hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux,
and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe
reagent in testing for the metallic oxides. Originally
obtained by the alchemists from human urine, and called
sal microcosmicum.
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sal microcosmicum
(gcide) | Sal \Sal\ (s[a^]l), n. [L. See Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.)
Salt.
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Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an impure potassium
carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood ({Artemisia
Absinthium}).
Sal acetosellae [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt of sorrel.
Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth.
Sal ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, a white
crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste,
obtained from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It
is largely employed as a source of ammonia, as a reagent,
and as an expectorant in bronchitis. So called because
originally made from the soot from camel's dung at the
temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also {muriate of
ammonia}.
Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts.
Sal culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium
chloride.
Sal Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above.
Sal de duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.),
potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously
supposed to be composed of two salts, one acid and one
alkaline.
Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), potassium acetate.
Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium sulphate.
Sal gemmae [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring native.
Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride;
-- the alchemical name of tin being Jove.
Sal Martis [NL.] (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous
sulphate; -- the alchemical name of iron being Mars.
Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Microcosmic salt,
under Microcosmic.
Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead.
Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under 1st
Prunella.
Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead
acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn.
Sal sedativus [NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric
acid.
Sal Seignette [F. seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.),
Rochelle salt.
Sal soda (Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium.
Sal vitrioli [NL.] (Old Chem.), white vitriol; zinc
sulphate.
Sal volatile. [NL.]
(a) (Chem.) See Sal ammoniac, above.
(b) Spirits of ammonia.
[1913 Webster]Microcosmic \Mi`cro*cos"mic\, Microcosmical \Mi`cro*cos"mic*al\,
a. [Cf. F. microcosmique.]
Of or pertaining to the microcosm.
[1913 Webster]
Microcosmic salt (Chem.), a white crystalline substance
obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and
ammonium phosphate, and also called
hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux,
and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe
reagent in testing for the metallic oxides. Originally
obtained by the alchemists from human urine, and called
sal microcosmicum.
[1913 Webster] |
cosmic
(wn) | cosmic
adj 1: of or from or pertaining to or characteristic of the
cosmos or universe; "cosmic laws"; "cosmic catastrophe";
"cosmic rays"
2: inconceivably extended in space or time |
cosmic background radiation
(wn) | cosmic background radiation
n 1: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that
fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an
average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin [syn: {cosmic
background radiation}, CBR, {cosmic microwave background
radiation}, CMBR, cosmic microwave background, CMB] |
cosmic dust
(wn) | cosmic dust
n 1: clouds of particles or gases occurring throughout
interstellar space |
cosmic microwave background
(wn) | cosmic microwave background
n 1: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that
fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an
average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin [syn: {cosmic
background radiation}, CBR, {cosmic microwave background
radiation}, CMBR, cosmic microwave background, CMB] |
cosmic microwave background radiation
(wn) | cosmic microwave background radiation
n 1: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that
fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an
average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin [syn: {cosmic
background radiation}, CBR, {cosmic microwave background
radiation}, CMBR, cosmic microwave background, CMB] |
cosmic radiation
(wn) | cosmic radiation
n 1: radiation coming from outside the solar system |
cosmic ray
(wn) | cosmic ray
n 1: highly penetrating ionizing radiation of extraterrestrial
origin; consisting chiefly of protons and alpha particles;
collision with atmospheric particles results in rays and
particles of many kinds |
cosmic string
(wn) | cosmic string
n 1: (cosmology) a hypothetical one-dimensional subatomic
particle having a concentration of energy and the dynamic
properties of a flexible loop [syn: string, {cosmic
string}] |
cosmic time
(wn) | cosmic time
n 1: the time covered by the physical formation and development
of the universe |
macrocosmic
(wn) | macrocosmic
adj 1: relating to or constituting a macrocosm |
microcosmic
(wn) | microcosmic
adj 1: relating to or characteristic of a microcosm; "the
microcosmic world of business" |
microcosmic salt
(wn) | microcosmic salt
n 1: a white salt present in urine and used to test for metal
oxides |
cosmic rays
(foldoc) | cosmic rays
Notionally, the cause of bit rot. However, this is a
semi-independent usage that may be invoked as a humorous way
to handwave away any minor randomness that doesn't seem
worth the bother of investigating. "Hey, Eric - I just got
a burst of garbage on my tube, where did that come from?"
"Cosmic rays, I guess." Compare sunspots, {phase of the
moon}. The British seem to prefer the usage "cosmic showers";
"alpha particles" is also heard, because stray alpha particles
passing through a memory chip can cause single bit errors
(this becomes increasingly more likely as memory sizes and
densities increase).
Factual note: Alpha particles cause bit rot, cosmic rays do
not (except occasionally in spaceborne computers). Intel
could not explain random bit drops in their early chips, and
one hypothesis was cosmic rays. So they created the World's
Largest Lead Safe, using 25 tons of the stuff, and used two
identical boards for testing. One was placed in the safe, one
outside. The hypothesis was that if cosmic rays were causing
the bit drops, they should see a statistically significant
difference between the error rates on the two boards. They
did not observe such a difference. Further investigation
demonstrated conclusively that the bit drops were due to alpha
particle emissions from thorium (and to a much lesser degree
uranium) in the encapsulation material. Since it is
impossible to eliminate these radioactives (they are uniformly
distributed through the earth's crust, with the statistically
insignificant exception of uranium lodes) it became obvious
that one has to design memories to withstand these hits.
[Jargon File]
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cosmic rays
(jargon) | cosmic rays
n.
Notionally, the cause of bit rot. However, this is a semi-independent
usage that may be invoked as a humorous way to handwave away any minor {
randomness} that doesn't seem worth the bother of investigating. “Hey, Eric
— I just got a burst of garbage on my tube, where did that come from?” “
Cosmic rays, I guess.” Compare sunspots, phase of the moon. The British
seem to prefer the usage cosmic showers; alpha particles is also heard,
because stray alpha particles passing through a memory chip can cause
single-bit errors (this becomes increasingly more likely as memory sizes
and densities increase).
Factual note: Alpha particles cause bit rot, cosmic rays do not (except
occasionally in spaceborne computers). Intel could not explain random bit
drops in their early chips, and one hypothesis was cosmic rays. So they
created the World's Largest Lead Safe, using 25 tons of the stuff, and used
two identical boards for testing. One was placed in the safe, one outside.
The hypothesis was that if cosmic rays were causing the bit drops, they
should see a statistically significant difference between the error rates
on the two boards. They did not observe such a difference. Further
investigation demonstrated conclusively that the bit drops were due to
alpha particle emissions from thorium (and to a much lesser degree uranium)
in the encapsulation material. Since it is impossible to eliminate these
radioactives (they are uniformly distributed through the earth's crust,
with the statistically insignificant exception of uranium lodes) it became
obvious that one has to design memories to withstand these hits.
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