| slovo | definícia |
essential
(mass) | essential
- základný, hlavný, podstatný |
essential
(encz) | essential,esenciální adj: Zdeněk Brož |
essential
(encz) | essential,hlavní adj: Zdeněk Brož |
essential
(encz) | essential,idiopatický adj: Zdeněk Brož |
essential
(encz) | essential,neodmyslitelný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
essential
(encz) | essential,nevyhnutelný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
essential
(encz) | essential,nezbytný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
essential
(encz) | essential,nutný adj: Pino |
essential
(encz) | essential,podstatný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
essential
(encz) | essential,základní Hynek Hanke |
essential
(encz) | essential,zásadní Zdeněk Brož |
Essential
(gcide) | Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object,
or class of objects, what it is.
[1913 Webster]
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an essential character of
plaintiveness. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
[1913 Webster]
Is it true, that thou art but a name,
And no essential thing? --Webster
(1623).
[1913 Webster]
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the
attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
[1913 Webster]
Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage. --Denham.
[1913 Webster]
How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us. --H. Spencer.
[1913 Webster]
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a
substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. "Mine own essential
horror." --Ford.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones
which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental
or passing tones.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
[1913 Webster]
Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics
which serve to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from
another.
Essential disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is
not dependent on another.
Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted
from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used
in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties
of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, {oil of bitter
almonds} an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal
salt, etc.; -- called also volatile oils in distinction
from the fixed or nonvolatile.
[1913 Webster] |
Essential
(gcide) | Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), n.
1. Existence; being. [Obs.] --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
2. That which is essential; first or constituent principle;
as, the essentials of religion.
[1913 Webster] |
essential
(wn) | essential
adj 1: absolutely necessary; vitally necessary; "essential tools
and materials"; "funds essential to the completion of the
project"; "an indispensable worker" [syn: essential,
indispensable]
2: basic and fundamental; "the essential feature" [ant:
inessential, unessential]
3: of the greatest importance; "the all-important subject of
disarmament"; "crucial information"; "in chess cool nerves
are of the essence" [syn: all-important(a), {all
important(p)}, crucial, essential, of the essence(p)]
4: being or relating to or containing the essence of a plant
etc; "essential oil"
5: defining rights and duties as opposed to giving the rules by
which rights and duties are established; "substantive law"
[syn: substantive, essential] [ant: adjective,
procedural]
n 1: anything indispensable; "food and shelter are necessities
of life"; "the essentials of the good life"; "allow farmers
to buy their requirements under favorable conditions"; "a
place where the requisites of water fuel and fodder can be
obtained" [syn: necessity, essential, requirement,
requisite, necessary] [ant: inessential,
nonessential] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
essential
(mass) | essential
- základný, hlavný, podstatný |
essentially
(mass) | essentially
- podstatne |
essential
(encz) | essential,esenciální adj: Zdeněk Brožessential,hlavní adj: Zdeněk Brožessential,idiopatický adj: Zdeněk Brožessential,neodmyslitelný adj: Zdeněk Brožessential,nevyhnutelný adj: Zdeněk Brožessential,nezbytný adj: Zdeněk Brožessential,nutný adj: Pinoessential,podstatný adj: Zdeněk Brožessential,základní Hynek Hankeessential,zásadní Zdeněk Brož |
essential amino acid
(encz) | essential amino acid, n: |
essential commodities
(encz) | essential commodities,základní komodity [eko.] RNDr. Pavel Piskač |
essential condition
(encz) | essential condition, n: |
essential goods
(encz) | essential goods, |
essential hypertension
(encz) | essential hypertension, n: |
essential oil
(encz) | essential oil, n: |
essential thrombocytopenia
(encz) | essential thrombocytopenia, n: |
essential tremor
(encz) | essential tremor, n: |
essentialism
(encz) | essentialism,esencialismus n: Zdeněk Brož |
essentialist
(encz) | essentialist,esencialista n: Zdeněk Brož |
essentiality
(encz) | essentiality,podstatnost n: Zdeněk Brož |
essentially
(encz) | essentially,esenciálně adv: Zdeněk Brožessentially,neodmyslitelně adv: Zdeněk Brožessentially,nezbytně adv: Zdeněk Brožessentially,podstatně adv: Zdeněk Brožessentially,v podstatě adv: web |
essentialness
(encz) | essentialness, n: |
essentials
(encz) | essentials,náležitosti n: Zdeněk Brožessentials,nezbytnosti n: Zdeněk Brožessentials,základy n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
inessential
(encz) | inessential,nedůležitý adj: Zdeněk Brožinessential,nepodstatný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
inessentiality
(encz) | inessentiality, n: |
non-essential
(encz) | non-essential,nepodstatný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
non-essential commodities
(encz) | non-essential commodities,ne-esenciální komodity [eko.] RNDr. Pavel
Piskač |
nonessential
(encz) | nonessential,nedůležitý Martin M.nonessential,nepodstatný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
nonessentiality
(encz) | nonessentiality,postradatelnost n: RNDr. Pavel Piskačnonessentiality,zbytnost n: RNDr. Pavel Piskač |
quintessential
(encz) | quintessential,ztělesněný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
quintessentially
(encz) | quintessentially,ztělesněně adv: Zdeněk Brož |
unessential
(encz) | unessential,nepodstatný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
Coessential
(gcide) | Coessential \Co`es*sen"tial\, a.
Partaking of the same essence. -- Co`es*sen"tial*ly, adv.
[1913 Webster]
We bless and magnify that coessential Spirit, eternally
proceeding from both [The Father and the Son].
--Hooker.
[1913 Webster] |
Coessentiality
(gcide) | Coessentiality \Co`es*sen`ti*al"i*ty\ (? or ?; 106), n.
Participation of the same essence. --Johnson.
[1913 Webster] |
Coessentially
(gcide) | Coessential \Co`es*sen"tial\, a.
Partaking of the same essence. -- Co`es*sen"tial*ly, adv.
[1913 Webster]
We bless and magnify that coessential Spirit, eternally
proceeding from both [The Father and the Son].
--Hooker.
[1913 Webster] |
Essential character
(gcide) | Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object,
or class of objects, what it is.
[1913 Webster]
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an essential character of
plaintiveness. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
[1913 Webster]
Is it true, that thou art but a name,
And no essential thing? --Webster
(1623).
[1913 Webster]
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the
attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
[1913 Webster]
Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage. --Denham.
[1913 Webster]
How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us. --H. Spencer.
[1913 Webster]
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a
substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. "Mine own essential
horror." --Ford.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones
which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental
or passing tones.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
[1913 Webster]
Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics
which serve to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from
another.
Essential disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is
not dependent on another.
Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted
from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used
in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties
of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, {oil of bitter
almonds} an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal
salt, etc.; -- called also volatile oils in distinction
from the fixed or nonvolatile.
[1913 Webster] |
Essential disease
(gcide) | Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object,
or class of objects, what it is.
[1913 Webster]
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an essential character of
plaintiveness. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
[1913 Webster]
Is it true, that thou art but a name,
And no essential thing? --Webster
(1623).
[1913 Webster]
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the
attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
[1913 Webster]
Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage. --Denham.
[1913 Webster]
How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us. --H. Spencer.
[1913 Webster]
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a
substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. "Mine own essential
horror." --Ford.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones
which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental
or passing tones.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
[1913 Webster]
Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics
which serve to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from
another.
Essential disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is
not dependent on another.
Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted
from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used
in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties
of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, {oil of bitter
almonds} an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal
salt, etc.; -- called also volatile oils in distinction
from the fixed or nonvolatile.
[1913 Webster] |
Essential fever
(gcide) | Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object,
or class of objects, what it is.
[1913 Webster]
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an essential character of
plaintiveness. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
[1913 Webster]
Is it true, that thou art but a name,
And no essential thing? --Webster
(1623).
[1913 Webster]
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the
attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
[1913 Webster]
Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage. --Denham.
[1913 Webster]
How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us. --H. Spencer.
[1913 Webster]
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a
substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. "Mine own essential
horror." --Ford.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones
which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental
or passing tones.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
[1913 Webster]
Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics
which serve to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from
another.
Essential disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is
not dependent on another.
Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted
from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used
in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties
of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, {oil of bitter
almonds} an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal
salt, etc.; -- called also volatile oils in distinction
from the fixed or nonvolatile.
[1913 Webster] |
Essential oils
(gcide) | Oil \Oil\ (oil), n. [OE. oile, OF. oile, F. huile, fr. L. oleum;
akin to Gr. ?. Cf. Olive.]
Any one of a great variety of unctuous combustible
substances, more viscous than and not miscible with water;
as, olive oil, whale oil, rock oil, etc. They are of animal,
vegetable, or mineral origin and of varied composition, and
they are variously used for food, for solvents, for
anointing, lubrication, illumination, etc. By extension, any
substance of an oily consistency; as, oil of vitriol.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The mineral oils are varieties of petroleum. See
Petroleum. The vegetable oils are of two classes,
essential oils (see under Essential), and {natural
oils} which in general resemble the animal oils and
fats. Most of the natural oils and the animal oils and
fats consist of ethereal salts of glycerin, with a
large number of organic acids, principally stearic,
oleic, and palmitic, forming respectively stearin,
olein, and palmitin. Stearin and palmitin prevail in
the solid oils and fats, and olein in the liquid oils.
Mutton tallow, beef tallow, and lard are rich in
stearin, human fat and palm oil in palmitin, and sperm
and cod-liver oils in olein. In making soaps, the acids
leave the glycerin and unite with the soda or potash.
[1913 Webster]
Animal oil, Bone oil, Dipple's oil, etc. (Old Chem.), a
complex oil obtained by the distillation of animal
substances, as bones. See Bone oil, under Bone.
Drying oils, Essential oils. (Chem.) See under Drying,
and Essential.
Ethereal oil of wine, Heavy oil of wine. (Chem.) See
under Ethereal.
Fixed oil. (Chem.) See under Fixed.
Oil bag (Zool.), a bag, cyst, or gland in animals,
containing oil.
Oil beetle (Zool.), any beetle of the genus Meloe and
allied genera. When disturbed they emit from the joints of
the legs a yellowish oily liquor. Some species possess
vesicating properties, and are used instead of
cantharides.
Oil box, or Oil cellar (Mach.), a fixed box or reservoir,
for lubricating a bearing; esp., the box for oil beneath
the journal of a railway-car axle.
Oil cake. See under Cake.
Oil cock, a stopcock connected with an oil cup. See {Oil
cup}.
Oil color.
(a) A paint made by grinding a coloring substance in oil.
(b) Such paints, taken in a general sense.
(b) a painting made from such a paint.
Oil cup, a cup, or small receptacle, connected with a
bearing as a lubricator, and usually provided with a wick,
wire, or adjustable valve for regulating the delivery of
oil.
Oil engine, a gas engine worked with the explosive vapor of
petroleum.
Oil gas, inflammable gas procured from oil, and used for
lighting streets, houses, etc.
Oil gland.
(a) (Zool.) A gland which secretes oil; especially in birds,
the large gland at the base of the tail.
(b) (Bot.) A gland, in some plants, producing oil.
Oil green, a pale yellowish green, like oil.
Oil of brick, empyreumatic oil obtained by subjecting a
brick soaked in oil to distillation at a high temperature,
-- used by lapidaries as a vehicle for the emery by which
stones and gems are sawn or cut. --Brande & C.
Oil of talc, a nostrum made of calcined talc, and famous in
the 17th century as a cosmetic. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Oil of vitriol (Chem.), strong sulphuric acid; -- so called
from its oily consistency and from its forming the
vitriols or sulphates.
Oil of wine, [OE]nanthic ether. See under [OE]nanthic.
Oil painting.
(a) The art of painting in oil colors.
(b) Any kind of painting of which the pigments are originally
ground in oil.
Oil palm (Bot.), a palm tree whose fruit furnishes oil,
esp. Elaeis Guineensis. See Elaeis.
Oil sardine (Zool.), an East Indian herring ({Clupea
scombrina}), valued for its oil.
Oil shark (Zool.)
(a) The liver shark.
(b) The tope.
Oil still, a still for hydrocarbons, esp. for petroleum.
Oil test, a test for determining the temperature at which
petroleum oils give off vapor which is liable to explode.
Oil tree. (Bot.)
(a) A plant of the genus Ricinus (Ricinus communis), from
the seeds of which castor oil is obtained.
(b) An Indian tree, the mahwa. See Mahwa.
(c) The oil palm.
To burn the midnight oil, to study or work late at night.
Volatle oils. See Essential oils, under Essential.
[1913 Webster]Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object,
or class of objects, what it is.
[1913 Webster]
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an essential character of
plaintiveness. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
[1913 Webster]
Is it true, that thou art but a name,
And no essential thing? --Webster
(1623).
[1913 Webster]
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the
attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
[1913 Webster]
Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage. --Denham.
[1913 Webster]
How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us. --H. Spencer.
[1913 Webster]
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a
substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. "Mine own essential
horror." --Ford.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones
which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental
or passing tones.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
[1913 Webster]
Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics
which serve to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from
another.
Essential disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is
not dependent on another.
Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted
from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used
in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties
of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, {oil of bitter
almonds} an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal
salt, etc.; -- called also volatile oils in distinction
from the fixed or nonvolatile.
[1913 Webster] |
essential oils
(gcide) | Oil \Oil\ (oil), n. [OE. oile, OF. oile, F. huile, fr. L. oleum;
akin to Gr. ?. Cf. Olive.]
Any one of a great variety of unctuous combustible
substances, more viscous than and not miscible with water;
as, olive oil, whale oil, rock oil, etc. They are of animal,
vegetable, or mineral origin and of varied composition, and
they are variously used for food, for solvents, for
anointing, lubrication, illumination, etc. By extension, any
substance of an oily consistency; as, oil of vitriol.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The mineral oils are varieties of petroleum. See
Petroleum. The vegetable oils are of two classes,
essential oils (see under Essential), and {natural
oils} which in general resemble the animal oils and
fats. Most of the natural oils and the animal oils and
fats consist of ethereal salts of glycerin, with a
large number of organic acids, principally stearic,
oleic, and palmitic, forming respectively stearin,
olein, and palmitin. Stearin and palmitin prevail in
the solid oils and fats, and olein in the liquid oils.
Mutton tallow, beef tallow, and lard are rich in
stearin, human fat and palm oil in palmitin, and sperm
and cod-liver oils in olein. In making soaps, the acids
leave the glycerin and unite with the soda or potash.
[1913 Webster]
Animal oil, Bone oil, Dipple's oil, etc. (Old Chem.), a
complex oil obtained by the distillation of animal
substances, as bones. See Bone oil, under Bone.
Drying oils, Essential oils. (Chem.) See under Drying,
and Essential.
Ethereal oil of wine, Heavy oil of wine. (Chem.) See
under Ethereal.
Fixed oil. (Chem.) See under Fixed.
Oil bag (Zool.), a bag, cyst, or gland in animals,
containing oil.
Oil beetle (Zool.), any beetle of the genus Meloe and
allied genera. When disturbed they emit from the joints of
the legs a yellowish oily liquor. Some species possess
vesicating properties, and are used instead of
cantharides.
Oil box, or Oil cellar (Mach.), a fixed box or reservoir,
for lubricating a bearing; esp., the box for oil beneath
the journal of a railway-car axle.
Oil cake. See under Cake.
Oil cock, a stopcock connected with an oil cup. See {Oil
cup}.
Oil color.
(a) A paint made by grinding a coloring substance in oil.
(b) Such paints, taken in a general sense.
(b) a painting made from such a paint.
Oil cup, a cup, or small receptacle, connected with a
bearing as a lubricator, and usually provided with a wick,
wire, or adjustable valve for regulating the delivery of
oil.
Oil engine, a gas engine worked with the explosive vapor of
petroleum.
Oil gas, inflammable gas procured from oil, and used for
lighting streets, houses, etc.
Oil gland.
(a) (Zool.) A gland which secretes oil; especially in birds,
the large gland at the base of the tail.
(b) (Bot.) A gland, in some plants, producing oil.
Oil green, a pale yellowish green, like oil.
Oil of brick, empyreumatic oil obtained by subjecting a
brick soaked in oil to distillation at a high temperature,
-- used by lapidaries as a vehicle for the emery by which
stones and gems are sawn or cut. --Brande & C.
Oil of talc, a nostrum made of calcined talc, and famous in
the 17th century as a cosmetic. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Oil of vitriol (Chem.), strong sulphuric acid; -- so called
from its oily consistency and from its forming the
vitriols or sulphates.
Oil of wine, [OE]nanthic ether. See under [OE]nanthic.
Oil painting.
(a) The art of painting in oil colors.
(b) Any kind of painting of which the pigments are originally
ground in oil.
Oil palm (Bot.), a palm tree whose fruit furnishes oil,
esp. Elaeis Guineensis. See Elaeis.
Oil sardine (Zool.), an East Indian herring ({Clupea
scombrina}), valued for its oil.
Oil shark (Zool.)
(a) The liver shark.
(b) The tope.
Oil still, a still for hydrocarbons, esp. for petroleum.
Oil test, a test for determining the temperature at which
petroleum oils give off vapor which is liable to explode.
Oil tree. (Bot.)
(a) A plant of the genus Ricinus (Ricinus communis), from
the seeds of which castor oil is obtained.
(b) An Indian tree, the mahwa. See Mahwa.
(c) The oil palm.
To burn the midnight oil, to study or work late at night.
Volatle oils. See Essential oils, under Essential.
[1913 Webster]Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object,
or class of objects, what it is.
[1913 Webster]
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an essential character of
plaintiveness. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
[1913 Webster]
Is it true, that thou art but a name,
And no essential thing? --Webster
(1623).
[1913 Webster]
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the
attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
[1913 Webster]
Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage. --Denham.
[1913 Webster]
How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us. --H. Spencer.
[1913 Webster]
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a
substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. "Mine own essential
horror." --Ford.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones
which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental
or passing tones.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
[1913 Webster]
Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics
which serve to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from
another.
Essential disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is
not dependent on another.
Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted
from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used
in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties
of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, {oil of bitter
almonds} an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal
salt, etc.; -- called also volatile oils in distinction
from the fixed or nonvolatile.
[1913 Webster] |
Essential oils
(gcide) | Oil \Oil\ (oil), n. [OE. oile, OF. oile, F. huile, fr. L. oleum;
akin to Gr. ?. Cf. Olive.]
Any one of a great variety of unctuous combustible
substances, more viscous than and not miscible with water;
as, olive oil, whale oil, rock oil, etc. They are of animal,
vegetable, or mineral origin and of varied composition, and
they are variously used for food, for solvents, for
anointing, lubrication, illumination, etc. By extension, any
substance of an oily consistency; as, oil of vitriol.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The mineral oils are varieties of petroleum. See
Petroleum. The vegetable oils are of two classes,
essential oils (see under Essential), and {natural
oils} which in general resemble the animal oils and
fats. Most of the natural oils and the animal oils and
fats consist of ethereal salts of glycerin, with a
large number of organic acids, principally stearic,
oleic, and palmitic, forming respectively stearin,
olein, and palmitin. Stearin and palmitin prevail in
the solid oils and fats, and olein in the liquid oils.
Mutton tallow, beef tallow, and lard are rich in
stearin, human fat and palm oil in palmitin, and sperm
and cod-liver oils in olein. In making soaps, the acids
leave the glycerin and unite with the soda or potash.
[1913 Webster]
Animal oil, Bone oil, Dipple's oil, etc. (Old Chem.), a
complex oil obtained by the distillation of animal
substances, as bones. See Bone oil, under Bone.
Drying oils, Essential oils. (Chem.) See under Drying,
and Essential.
Ethereal oil of wine, Heavy oil of wine. (Chem.) See
under Ethereal.
Fixed oil. (Chem.) See under Fixed.
Oil bag (Zool.), a bag, cyst, or gland in animals,
containing oil.
Oil beetle (Zool.), any beetle of the genus Meloe and
allied genera. When disturbed they emit from the joints of
the legs a yellowish oily liquor. Some species possess
vesicating properties, and are used instead of
cantharides.
Oil box, or Oil cellar (Mach.), a fixed box or reservoir,
for lubricating a bearing; esp., the box for oil beneath
the journal of a railway-car axle.
Oil cake. See under Cake.
Oil cock, a stopcock connected with an oil cup. See {Oil
cup}.
Oil color.
(a) A paint made by grinding a coloring substance in oil.
(b) Such paints, taken in a general sense.
(b) a painting made from such a paint.
Oil cup, a cup, or small receptacle, connected with a
bearing as a lubricator, and usually provided with a wick,
wire, or adjustable valve for regulating the delivery of
oil.
Oil engine, a gas engine worked with the explosive vapor of
petroleum.
Oil gas, inflammable gas procured from oil, and used for
lighting streets, houses, etc.
Oil gland.
(a) (Zool.) A gland which secretes oil; especially in birds,
the large gland at the base of the tail.
(b) (Bot.) A gland, in some plants, producing oil.
Oil green, a pale yellowish green, like oil.
Oil of brick, empyreumatic oil obtained by subjecting a
brick soaked in oil to distillation at a high temperature,
-- used by lapidaries as a vehicle for the emery by which
stones and gems are sawn or cut. --Brande & C.
Oil of talc, a nostrum made of calcined talc, and famous in
the 17th century as a cosmetic. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Oil of vitriol (Chem.), strong sulphuric acid; -- so called
from its oily consistency and from its forming the
vitriols or sulphates.
Oil of wine, [OE]nanthic ether. See under [OE]nanthic.
Oil painting.
(a) The art of painting in oil colors.
(b) Any kind of painting of which the pigments are originally
ground in oil.
Oil palm (Bot.), a palm tree whose fruit furnishes oil,
esp. Elaeis Guineensis. See Elaeis.
Oil sardine (Zool.), an East Indian herring ({Clupea
scombrina}), valued for its oil.
Oil shark (Zool.)
(a) The liver shark.
(b) The tope.
Oil still, a still for hydrocarbons, esp. for petroleum.
Oil test, a test for determining the temperature at which
petroleum oils give off vapor which is liable to explode.
Oil tree. (Bot.)
(a) A plant of the genus Ricinus (Ricinus communis), from
the seeds of which castor oil is obtained.
(b) An Indian tree, the mahwa. See Mahwa.
(c) The oil palm.
To burn the midnight oil, to study or work late at night.
Volatle oils. See Essential oils, under Essential.
[1913 Webster]Essential \Es*sen"tial\ ([e^]s*s[e^]n"sjal), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object,
or class of objects, what it is.
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Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was
forever in it an essential character of
plaintiveness. --Hawthorne.
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2. Hence, really existing; existent.
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Is it true, that thou art but a name,
And no essential thing? --Webster
(1623).
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3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable to the
attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
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Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage. --Denham.
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How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us. --H. Spencer.
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4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion of a
substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. "Mine own essential
horror." --Ford.
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5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones
which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental
or passing tones.
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6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
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Essential character (Biol.), the prominent characteristics
which serve to distinguish one genus, species, etc., from
another.
Essential disease, Essential fever (Med.), one that is
not dependent on another.
Essential oils (Chem.), a class of volatile oils, extracted
from plants, fruits, or flowers, having each its
characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are used
in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties
of compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, {oil of bitter
almonds} an aldehyde, oil of wintergreen an ethereal
salt, etc.; -- called also volatile oils in distinction
from the fixed or nonvolatile.
[1913 Webster] |
Essential salt
(gcide) | Salt \Salt\, n. [AS. sealt; akin to OS. & OFries. salt, D. zout,
G. salz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. salt, L. sal, Gr. ?, Russ. sole,
Ir. & Gael. salann, W. halen, of unknown origin. Cf. Sal,
Salad, Salary, Saline, Sauce, Sausage.]
1. The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning
food, for the preservation of meat, etc. It is found
native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation
and crystallization, from sea water and other water
impregnated with saline particles.
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2. Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack; seasoning.
[1913 Webster]
Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . .
. we have some salt of our youth in us. --Shak.
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3. Hence, also, piquancy; wit; sense; as, Attic salt.
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4. A dish for salt at table; a saltcellar.
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I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen
of silver salts. --Pepys.
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5. A sailor; -- usually qualified by old. [Colloq.]
[1913 Webster]
Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing
and gossiping, clusters of old salts. --Hawthorne.
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6. (Chem.) The neutral compound formed by the union of an
acid and a base; thus, sulphuric acid and iron form the
salt sulphate of iron or green vitriol.
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Note: Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking,
it is the acid radical which unites with the base or
basic radical, with the elimination of hydrogen, of
water, or of analogous compounds as side products. In
the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic
and tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary
in degree, producing respectively basic, neutral, or
acid salts. See Phrases below.
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7. Fig.: That which preserves from corruption or error; that
which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also, an
allowance or deduction; as, his statements must be taken
with a grain of salt.
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Ye are the salt of the earth. --Matt. v. 13.
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8. pl. Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic,
especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or Glauber's salt.
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9. pl. Marshes flooded by the tide. [Prov. Eng.]
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Above the salt, Below the salt, phrases which have
survived the old custom, in the houses of people of rank,
of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a long
table, the places above which were assigned to the guests
of distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors,
and poor relations. See Saltfoot.
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His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is
beneath him in clothes. He never drinks below the
salt. --B. Jonson.
[1913 Webster]
Acid salt (Chem.)
(a) A salt derived from an acid which has several
replaceable hydrogen atoms which are only partially
exchanged for metallic atoms or basic radicals; as,
acid potassium sulphate is an acid salt.
(b) A salt, whatever its constitution, which merely gives
an acid reaction; thus, copper sulphate, which is
composed of a strong acid united with a weak base, is
an acid salt in this sense, though theoretically it is
a neutral salt.
Alkaline salt (Chem.), a salt which gives an alkaline
reaction, as sodium carbonate.
Amphid salt (Old Chem.), a salt of the oxy type, formerly
regarded as composed of two oxides, an acid and a basic
oxide. [Obsolescent]
Basic salt (Chem.)
(a) A salt which contains more of the basic constituent
than is required to neutralize the acid.
(b) An alkaline salt.
Binary salt (Chem.), a salt of the oxy type conveniently
regarded as composed of two ingredients (analogously to a
haloid salt), viz., a metal and an acid radical.
Double salt (Chem.), a salt regarded as formed by the union
of two distinct salts, as common alum, potassium aluminium
sulphate. See under Double.
Epsom salts. See in the Vocabulary.
Essential salt (Old Chem.), a salt obtained by
crystallizing plant juices.
Ethereal salt. (Chem.) See under Ethereal.
Glauber's salt or Glauber's salts. See in Vocabulary.
Haloid salt (Chem.), a simple salt of a halogen acid, as
sodium chloride.
Microcosmic salt. (Chem.). See under Microcosmic.
Neutral salt. (Chem.)
(a) A salt in which the acid and base (in theory)
neutralize each other.
(b) A salt which gives a neutral reaction.
Oxy salt (Chem.), a salt derived from an oxygen acid.
Per salt (Old Chem.), a salt supposed to be derived from a
peroxide base or analogous compound. [Obs.]
Permanent salt, a salt which undergoes no change on
exposure to the air.
Proto salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a protoxide base or
analogous compound.
Rochelle salt. See under Rochelle.
Salt of amber (Old Chem.), succinic acid.
Salt of colcothar (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or sulphate
of iron.
Salt of hartshorn. (Old Chem.)
(a) Sal ammoniac, or ammonium chloride.
(b) Ammonium carbonate. Cf. Spirit of hartshorn, under
Hartshorn.
Salt of lemons. (Chem.) See Salt of sorrel, below.
Salt of Saturn (Old Chem.), sugar of lead; lead acetate; --
the alchemical name of lead being Saturn.
Salt of Seignette. Same as Rochelle salt.
Salt of soda (Old Chem.), sodium carbonate.
Salt of sorrel (Old Chem.), acid potassium oxalate, or
potassium quadroxalate, used as a solvent for ink stains;
-- so called because found in the sorrel, or Oxalis. Also
sometimes inaccurately called salt of lemon.
Salt of tartar (Old Chem.), potassium carbonate; -- so
called because formerly made by heating cream of tartar,
or potassium tartrate. [Obs.]
Salt of Venus (Old Chem.), blue vitriol; copper sulphate;
-- the alchemical name of copper being Venus.
Salt of wisdom. See Alembroth.
Sedative salt (Old Med. Chem.), boric acid.
Sesqui salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a sesquioxide base
or analogous compound.
Spirit of salt. (Chem.) See under Spirit.
Sulpho salt (Chem.), a salt analogous to an oxy salt, but
containing sulphur in place of oxygen.
[1913 Webster] |
Essentiality
(gcide) | Essentiality \Es*sen`ti*al"i*ty\, n.
The quality of being essential; the essential part. --Jer.
Taylor.
[1913 Webster] |
Essentially
(gcide) | Essentially \Es*sen"tial*ly\, adv.
In an essential manner or degree; in an indispensable degree;
really; as, essentially different.
[1913 Webster] |
Essentialness
(gcide) | Essentialness \Es*sen"tial*ness\, n.
Essentiality. --Ld. Digby.
[1913 Webster] |
Inessential
(gcide) | Inessential \In`es*sen"tial\, a. [Pref. in- not + essential: cf.
F. inessentiel.]
[1913 Webster]
1. Having no essence or being. --H. Brooke.
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The womb of inessential Naught. --Shelley.
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2. Not essential; not required to achieve a given purpose;
unessential; unnecessary.
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Nonessential
(gcide) | Nonessential \Non`es*sen"tial\, a.
Not essential.
[1913 Webster]Nonessential \Non`es*sen"tial\, n.
A thing not essential.
[1913 Webster] |
Quintessential
(gcide) | Quintessential \Quin`tes*sen"tial\, a.
Of the nature of a quintessence; purest; most characteristic.
"Quintessential extract of mediocrity." --G. Eliot.
[1913 Webster] Quintet |
Superessential
(gcide) | Superessential \Su`per*es*sen"tial\, a.
Essential above others, or above the constitution of a thing.
--J. Ellis.
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Unessential
(gcide) | Unessential \Un`es*sen"tial\, a.
1. Not essential; not of prime importance; not indispensable;
unimportant. --Addison.
[1913 Webster]
2. Void of essence, or real being. [R.] --Milton.
[1913 Webster]Unessential \Un`es*sen"tial\, n.
Something not constituting essence, or something which is not
of absolute necessity; as, forms are among the unessentials
of religion.
[1913 Webster] |
Unessentially
(gcide) | Unessentially \Un`es*sen"tial*ly\, adv.
In an unessential manner.
[1913 Webster] |
essential
(wn) | essential
adj 1: absolutely necessary; vitally necessary; "essential tools
and materials"; "funds essential to the completion of the
project"; "an indispensable worker" [syn: essential,
indispensable]
2: basic and fundamental; "the essential feature" [ant:
inessential, unessential]
3: of the greatest importance; "the all-important subject of
disarmament"; "crucial information"; "in chess cool nerves
are of the essence" [syn: all-important(a), {all
important(p)}, crucial, essential, of the essence(p)]
4: being or relating to or containing the essence of a plant
etc; "essential oil"
5: defining rights and duties as opposed to giving the rules by
which rights and duties are established; "substantive law"
[syn: substantive, essential] [ant: adjective,
procedural]
n 1: anything indispensable; "food and shelter are necessities
of life"; "the essentials of the good life"; "allow farmers
to buy their requirements under favorable conditions"; "a
place where the requisites of water fuel and fodder can be
obtained" [syn: necessity, essential, requirement,
requisite, necessary] [ant: inessential,
nonessential] |
essential amino acid
(wn) | essential amino acid
n 1: an amino acid that is required by animals but that they
cannot synthesize; must be supplied in the diet |
essential condition
(wn) | essential condition
n 1: a prerequisite [syn: essential condition, sine qua non] |
essential hypertension
(wn) | essential hypertension
n 1: persistent and pathological high blood pressure for which
no specific cause can be found [syn: {essential
hypertension}, hyperpiesia, hyperpiesis] |
essential oil
(wn) | essential oil
n 1: an oil having the odor or flavor of the plant from which it
comes; used in perfume and flavorings [syn: {essential
oil}, volatile oil] |
essential thrombocytopenia
(wn) | essential thrombocytopenia
n 1: the primary form of thrombocytopenia (rather than a
shortage of platelets caused by other conditions such as
tuberculosis or chemical suppression of bone marrow etc.) |
essential tremor
(wn) | essential tremor
n 1: tremor of unknown cause (usually of the hands and head)
that develops in older people; often mistaken for
Parkinsonism but is not life-threatening and can usually be
kept under control |
essentiality
(wn) | essentiality
n 1: basic importance [syn: essentiality, essentialness]
[ant: inessentiality] |
essentially
(wn) | essentially
adv 1: in essence; at bottom or by one's (or its) very nature;
"He is basically dishonest"; "the argument was
essentially a technical one"; "for all his bluster he is
in essence a shy person" [syn: basically,
fundamentally, essentially] |
essentialness
(wn) | essentialness
n 1: basic importance [syn: essentiality, essentialness]
[ant: inessentiality] |
inessential
(wn) | inessential
adj 1: not basic or fundamental [syn: inessential,
unessential] [ant: essential]
2: not absolutely necessary
n 1: anything that is not essential; "they discarded all their
inessentials" [syn: inessential, nonessential] [ant:
essential, necessary, necessity, requirement,
requisite] |
inessentiality
(wn) | inessentiality
n 1: not of basic importance [ant: essentiality,
essentialness] |
nonessential
(wn) | nonessential
adj 1: not of prime or central importance; "nonessential to the
integral meanings of poetry"- Pubs.MLA [syn:
incidental, nonessential]
n 1: anything that is not essential; "they discarded all their
inessentials" [syn: inessential, nonessential] [ant:
essential, necessary, necessity, requirement,
requisite] |
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