| slovo | definícia |
H2S
(gcide) | Hydrogen \Hy"dro*gen\, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -gen: cf. F.
hydrog[`e]ne. So called because water is generated by its
combustion. See Hydra.] (Chem.)
A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the
lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times
lighter than air (hence its use in filling balloons), and
over eleven thousand times lighter than water. It is very
abundant, being an ingredient of water and of many other
substances, especially those of animal or vegetable origin.
It may by produced in many ways, but is chiefly obtained by
the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, as zinc, iron,
etc. It is very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coal gas
and water gas. It is standard of chemical equivalents or
combining weights, and also of valence, being the typical
monad. Symbol H. Atomic weight 1.
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Note: Although a gas, hydrogen is chemically similar to the
metals in its nature, having the properties of a weak
base. It is, in all acids, the base which is replaced
by metals and basic radicals to form salts. Like all
other gases, it is condensed by great cold and pressure
to a liquid which freezes and solidifies by its own
evaporation. It is absorbed in large quantities by
certain metals (esp. palladium), forming alloy-like
compounds; hence, in view of quasi-metallic nature, it
is sometimes called hydrogenium. It is the typical
reducing agent, as opposed to oxidizers, as oxygen,
chlorine, etc.
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Bicarbureted hydrogen, an old name for ethylene.
Carbureted hydrogen gas. See under Carbureted.
Hydrogen dioxide, a thick, colorless liquid, H2O2,
resembling water, but having a bitter, sour taste,
produced by the action of acids on barium peroxide. It
decomposes into water and oxygen, and is manufactured in
large quantities for an oxidizing and bleaching agent.
Called also oxygenated water.
Hydrogen oxide, a chemical name for water, H?O.
Hydrogen sulphide, a colorless inflammable gas, H2S,
having the characteristic odor of bad eggs, and found in
many mineral springs. It is produced by the action of
acids on metallic sulphides, and is an important chemical
reagent. Called also sulphureted hydrogen.
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| | podobné slovo | definícia |
C10H5OHNH2SO3Na
(gcide) | Eikonogen \Ei*kon"o*gen\, n. [Gr. e'ikw`n, e'iko`nos, image +
root of gi`gnesqai to be born.] (Photog. & Chem.)
The sodium salt of a sulphonic acid of a naphthol,
C10H5(OH)(NH2)SO3Na used as a developer.
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CH2SO3H2
(gcide) | Methionic \Meth`i*on"ic\, a. [Methyl + thionic.] (Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic (thionic) acid
derivative of methane, obtained as a stable white crystalline
substance, CH2.(SO3H)2, which forms well defined salts.
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H2S2O3
(gcide) | Thiosulphuric \Thi`o*sul*phur"ic\, a. [Thio- + sulphuric.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, an unstable acid,
H2S2O3, analogous to sulphuric acid, and formerly called
hyposulphurous acid.
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H2S2O6
(gcide) | Hyposulphuric \Hy`po*sul*phur"ic\, a. [Pref. hypo- + sulphuric.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur in a lower state of
oxidation than in the sulphuric compounds; as, hyposulphuric
acid.
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Hyposulphuric acid, an acid, H2S2O6, obtained by the
action of manganese dioxide on sulphur dioxide, and known
only in a watery solution and in its salts; -- called also
dithionic acid. See Dithionic.
[1913 Webster]Dithionic \Di`thi*on"ic\, a. [Pref. di- + -thionic.] (Chem.)
Containing two equivalents of sulphur; as, dithionic acid.
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Dithionic acid (Chem.), an unstable substance, H2S2O6,
known only in its solutions, and in certain well-defined
salts.
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H2S2O7
(gcide) | Pyrosulphuric \Pyr`o*sul*phu"ric\, a. [Pyro- + -sulphuric.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid called also
disulphuric acid) obtained by distillation of certain
sulphates, as a colorless, thick, oily liquid, H2S2O7
resembling sulphuric acid. It is used in the solution of
indigo, in the manufacture of alizarin, and in dehydration.
[1913 Webster]Disulphuric \Di`sul*phu"ric\, a. [Pref. di- + sulphuric.]
(Chem.)
Applied to an acid having in each molecule two atoms of
sulphur in the higher state of oxidation.
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Disulphuric acid, a thick oily liquid, H2S2O7, called
also Nordhausen acid (from Nordhausen in the Harts,
where it was originally manufactured), {fuming sulphuric
acid}, and especially pyrosulphuric acid. See under
Pyrosulphuric.
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H2S3O6
(gcide) | Trithionic \Tri`thi*on"ic\, a. [Pref. tri- + thionic.] (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to, or designating, a certain thionic acid,
H2S3O6 which is obtained as a colorless, odorless liquid.
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H2S4O6
(gcide) | Tetrathionic \Tet`ra*thi*on"ic\, a. [Tetra- + thionic.] (Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a thionic derivative,
H2S4O6, of sulphuric acid, obtained as a colorless,
odorless liquid.
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H2Se
(gcide) | Selenhydric \Sel`en*hy"dric\, a. (Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, hydrogen selenide, H2Se,
regarded as an acid analogous to sulphydric acid.
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H2SiF6
(gcide) | Silicofluoric \Sil`i*co*flu*or"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Containing, or composed of, silicon and fluorine; especially,
denoting the compounds called silicofluorides.
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Silicofluoric acid (Chem.), a compound of hydrofluoric acid
and silicon fluoride, known only in watery solution. It is
produced by the action of silicon fluoride on water, and
is regarded as an acid, H2SiF6, and the type and origin
of the silicofluorides.
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H2SO2
(gcide) | Hyposulphurous \Hy`po*sul"phur*ous\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
sulphurous.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur, all, or a part, in a
low state of oxidation.
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Hyposulphurous acid.
(a) Thiosulphuric acid. [Obs.]
(b) An acid, H2SO2, obtained by the reduction of sulphurous
acid. It is not obtained in the free state, but in an
orange-yellow water solution, which is a strong reducing
and bleaching agent. Called also hydrosulphurous acid.
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H2SO3
(gcide) | Sulphurous \Sul"phur*ous\, a. [L. sulphurosus, sulfurosus: cf.
F. sulfureux.]
1. Of or pertaining to sulphur.
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2. (Chem.)
(a) Derived from, or containing, sulphur; specifically,
designating those compounds in which the element has a
lower valence as contrasted with the sulphuric
compounds.
(b) Having the characteristic odor of sulphur dioxide, or
of hydrogen sulphide, or of other sulphur compounds.
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Sulphurous acid.
(a) Sulphur dioxide. See under Sulphur. [Obs.]
(b) An acid, H2SO3, not known in the free state except
as a solution of sulphur dioxide in water, but forming
a well-known series of salts (the sulphites).
Sulphurous anhydride (Chem.), sulphur dioxide. See under
Sulphur.
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H2SO4
(gcide) | Sulphionide \Sulph*i"on*ide\, n. (Chem.)
A binary compound of sulphion, or one so regarded; thus,
sulphuric acid, H2SO4, is a sulphionide.
[1913 Webster]Sulphuric \Sul*phu"ric\, a. [Cf. F. sulfurique.]
1. Of or pertaining to sulphur; as, a sulphuric smell.
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2. (Chem.) Derived from, or containing, sulphur;
specifically, designating those compounds in which the
element has a higher valence as contrasted with the
sulphurous compounds; as, sulphuric acid.
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Sulphuric acid.
(a) Sulphur trioxide (see under Sulphur); -- formerly so
called on the dualistic theory of salts. [Obs.]
(b) A heavy, corrosive, oily liquid, H2SO4, colorless
when pure, but usually yellowish or brownish, produced
by the combined action of sulphur dioxide, oxygen
(from the air), steam, and nitric fumes. It attacks
and dissolves many metals and other intractable
substances, sets free most acids from their salts, and
is used in the manufacture of hydrochloric and nitric
acids, of soda, of bleaching powders, etc. It is also
powerful dehydrating agent, having a strong affinity
for water, and eating and corroding paper, wood,
clothing, etc. It is thus used in the manufacture of
ether, of imitation parchment, and of nitroglycerin.
It is also used in etching iron, in removing iron
scale from forgings, in petroleum refining, etc., and
in general its manufacture is the most important and
fundamental of all the chemical industries. Formerly
called vitriolic acid, and now popularly vitriol,
and oil of vitriol.
Fuming sulphuric acid, or Nordhausen sulphuric acid. See
Disulphuric acid, under Disulphuric.
Sulphuric anhydride, sulphur trioxide. See under Sulphur.
Sulphuric ether, common anaesthetic ether; -- so called
because made by the catalytic action of sulphuric acid on
alcohol. See Ether, 3
(a) .
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NH2SO2OH
(gcide) | Sulphamic \Sulph*am"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to a sulphamide; derived from, or related
to, a sulphamide; specifically, designating an amido acid
derivative, NH2.SO2.OH, of sulphuric acid (analogous to
sulphonic acid) which is not known in the free state, but is
known in its salts.
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