| slovo | definícia |
SO2
(gcide) | Sulphur \Sul"phur\, n. [L., better sulfur: cf. F. soufre.]
1. (Chem.) A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large
quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as
pyrites) and sulphates (as gypsum), or native in volcanic
regions, in vast beds mixed with gypsum and various earthy
materials, from which it is melted out. Symbol S. Atomic
weight 32. The specific gravity of ordinary octohedral
sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur, 1.96.
[1913 Webster]
Note: It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a
lemon-yellow powder (by sublimation), called flour, or
flowers, of sulphur, or in cast sticks called roll
sulphur, or brimstone. It burns with a blue flame and a
peculiar suffocating odor. It is an ingredient of
gunpowder, is used on friction matches, and in medicine
(as a laxative and insecticide), but its chief use is
in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can be
obtained in two crystalline modifications, in
orthorhombic octahedra, or in monoclinic prisms, the
former of which is the more stable at ordinary
temperatures. Sulphur is the type, in its chemical
relations, of a group of elements, including selenium
and tellurium, called collectively the sulphur group,
or family. In many respects sulphur resembles oxygen.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of yellow or orange
butterflies of the subfamily Pierinae; as, the clouded
sulphur (Eurymus philodice syn. Colias philodice),
which is the common yellow butterfly of the Eastern United
States.
[1913 Webster]
Amorphous sulphur (Chem.), an elastic variety of sulphur of
a resinous appearance, obtained by pouring melted sulphur
into water. On standing, it passes back into a brittle
crystalline modification.
Liver of sulphur. (Old Chem.) See Hepar.
Sulphur acid. (Chem.) See Sulphacid.
Sulphur alcohol. (Chem.) See Mercaptan.
Sulphur auratum [L.] (Old Chem.), a golden yellow powder,
consisting of antimonic sulphide, Sb2S5, -- formerly a
famous nostrum.
Sulphur base (Chem.), an alkaline sulphide capable of
acting as a base in the formation of sulphur salts
according to the old dual theory of salts. [Archaic]
Sulphur dioxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, SO2, of a
pungent, suffocating odor, produced by the burning of
sulphur. It is employed chiefly in the production of
sulphuric acid, and as a reagent in bleaching; -- called
also sulphurous anhydride, and formerly {sulphurous
acid}.
Sulphur ether (Chem.), a sulphide of hydrocarbon radicals,
formed like the ordinary ethers, which are oxides, but
with sulphur in the place of oxygen.
Sulphur salt (Chem.), a salt of a sulphacid; a sulphosalt.
Sulphur showers, showers of yellow pollen, resembling
sulphur in appearance, often carried from pine forests by
the wind to a great distance.
Sulphur trioxide (Chem.), a white crystalline solid, SO3,
obtained by oxidation of sulphur dioxide. It dissolves in
water with a hissing noise and the production of heat,
forming sulphuric acid, and is employed as a dehydrating
agent. Called also sulphuric anhydride, and formerly
sulphuric acid.
Sulphur whale. (Zool.) See Sulphur-bottom.
Vegetable sulphur (Bot.), lycopodium powder. See under
Lycopodium.
[1913 Webster] |
SO2
(gcide) | Sulphuryl \Sul"phur*yl\, n. [Sulphur + -yl.] (Chem.)
The hypothetical radical SO2; -- called also sulphon.
[1913 Webster]
Sulphuryl chloride, a chloride, pungent, fuming liquid,
SO2.Cl2, obtained by the action of phosphorus
pentachloride on sulphur trioxide. On treatment with water
it decomposes into sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, and
is hence called also sulphuric chloranhydride.
[1913 Webster] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
C3H7NSO2
(gcide) | Cystine \Cyst"ine\ (s?s"t?n; 104), n. [See Cyst.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
A white crystalline substance, C3H7NSO2, containing
sulphur, occuring as a constituent of certain rare urinary
calculi, and occasionally found as a sediment in urine.
[1913 Webster] |
C6H4SO2CONH
(gcide) | Sulphinide \Sul"phi*nide\, n. [Sulpho- + amine + anhydride.]
(Chem.)
A white or yellowish crystalline substance,
C6H4.(SO2.CO).NH, produced artificially by the oxidation of
a sulphamic derivative of toluene. It is the sweetest
substance known, having over two hundred times the sweetening
power of sugar, and is known in commerce under the name of
saccharine. It has acid properties and forms salts (which
are inaccurately called saccharinates). --I. Remsen.
[1913 Webster] |
C6H5SO2OH
(gcide) | Sulphonic \Sul*phon"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, a sulphone; -- used
specifically to designate any one of a series of acids
(regarded as acid ethereal salts of sulphurous acid) obtained
by the oxidation of the mercaptans, or by treating sulphuric
acid with certain aromatic bases (as benzene); as, phenyl
sulphonic acid, C6H5.SO2.OH, a stable colorless crystalline
substance.
[1913 Webster]
Sulphonic group (Chem.), the hypothetical radical,
SO2.OH, the characteristic residue of sulphonic acids.
[1913 Webster] |
H2CSO2
(gcide) | Sulphocarbonic \Sul`pho*car*bon"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid, H2CSO2
(called also thiocarbonic acid), or an acid, H2CS3,
analogous to carbonic acid, obtained as a yellow oily liquid
of a pungent odor, and forming salts.
[1913 Webster] |
H2SO2
(gcide) | Hyposulphurous \Hy`po*sul"phur*ous\, a. [Pref. hypo- +
sulphurous.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur, all, or a part, in a
low state of oxidation.
[1913 Webster]
Hyposulphurous acid.
(a) Thiosulphuric acid. [Obs.]
(b) An acid, H2SO2, obtained by the reduction of sulphurous
acid. It is not obtained in the free state, but in an
orange-yellow water solution, which is a strong reducing
and bleaching agent. Called also hydrosulphurous acid.
[1913 Webster] |
NH2SO2OH
(gcide) | Sulphamic \Sulph*am"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to a sulphamide; derived from, or related
to, a sulphamide; specifically, designating an amido acid
derivative, NH2.SO2.OH, of sulphuric acid (analogous to
sulphonic acid) which is not known in the free state, but is
known in its salts.
[1913 Webster] |
SO2Cl2
(gcide) | Sulphuryl \Sul"phur*yl\, n. [Sulphur + -yl.] (Chem.)
The hypothetical radical SO2; -- called also sulphon.
[1913 Webster]
Sulphuryl chloride, a chloride, pungent, fuming liquid,
SO2.Cl2, obtained by the action of phosphorus
pentachloride on sulphur trioxide. On treatment with water
it decomposes into sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, and
is hence called also sulphuric chloranhydride.
[1913 Webster] |
SO2OH
(gcide) | Sulphonic \Sul*phon"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, a sulphone; -- used
specifically to designate any one of a series of acids
(regarded as acid ethereal salts of sulphurous acid) obtained
by the oxidation of the mercaptans, or by treating sulphuric
acid with certain aromatic bases (as benzene); as, phenyl
sulphonic acid, C6H5.SO2.OH, a stable colorless crystalline
substance.
[1913 Webster]
Sulphonic group (Chem.), the hypothetical radical,
SO2.OH, the characteristic residue of sulphonic acids.
[1913 Webster] |
|