| slovo | definícia |
ammonia
(encz) | ammonia,amoniak n: |
ammonia
(encz) | ammonia,čpavek n: |
ammonia
(gcide) | ammonia \am*mo"ni*a\ ([a^]m*m[=o]"n[i^]*[.a]), n. [From sal
ammoniac, which was first obtaining near the temple of
Jupiter Ammon, by burning camel's dung. See Ammoniac.]
(Chem.)
A gaseous compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a
pungent smell and taste: -- often called volatile alkali,
and spirits of hartshorn. It is very soluble in water,
forming a moderately alkaline solution, and is used in
aqueous solution as a household cleaning agent, such as for
cleaning grease from glass.
[1913 Webster + PJC] Ammoniac |
ammonia
(wn) | ammonia
n 1: a water solution of ammonia [syn: ammonia water,
ammonia, ammonium hydroxide]
2: a pungent gas compounded of nitrogen and hydrogen (NH3) |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
ammonia (free)
(encz) | ammonia (free),amoniak (volný) (hydrochemie) [eko.] RNDr. Pavel Piskač |
ammonia (total)
(encz) | ammonia (total),amoniak (veškerý) (hydrochemie) [eko.] RNDr. Pavel
Piskač |
ammonia water
(encz) | ammonia water,čpavková voda n: Zdeněk Brož |
ammoniac
(encz) | ammoniac,amoniakový adj: Zdeněk Brožammoniac,čpavkový Pavel Cvrček |
ammoniacal
(encz) | ammoniacal,amoniakový adj: Zdeněk Brožammoniacal,čpavkový adj: Zdeněk Brož |
ammoniated
(encz) | ammoniated,obsahující čpavek Zdeněk Brož |
gum ammoniac
(encz) | gum ammoniac, n: |
sal ammoniac
(encz) | sal ammoniac, n: |
spirits of ammonia
(encz) | spirits of ammonia, n: |
Aldehyde ammonia
(gcide) | Aldehyde \Al"de*hyde\ ([a^]l"d[-e]*h[imac]d), n. [Abbrev. fr.
alcohol dehydrogenatum, alcohol deprived of its hydrogen.]
1. (Chem.) A colorless, mobile, and very volatile liquid
obtained from alcohol by certain processes of oxidation.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Chem.) Any compound having the group -CHO. Methyl
aldehyde, the simplest aldehyde, is more commonly called
formaldehyde, H-CHO, and acetic aldehyde is now more
commonly called acetaldehyde. The higher aldehydes may
be solids. A reducing sugar typically contains the
aldehyde group.
[PJC]
Note: The aldehydes are intermediate between the alcohols and
acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less
hydrogen atoms in the molecule, as common aldehyde
(called also acetaldehyde, acetic aldehyde or
ethyl aldehyde), C2H4O; methyl aldehyde (called
also formaldehyde), CH2O.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Aldehyde ammonia (Chem.), a compound formed by the union of
aldehyde with ammonia.
[1913 Webster] |
ammoniac
(gcide) | ammoniac \am*mo"ni*ac\ ([a^]m*m[=o]"n[i^]*[a^]k), Ammoniacal
\Am`mo*ni"a*cal\ ([a^]m`m[-o]*n[imac]"[.a]*kal), a.
Of, pertaining, or containing ammonia, or possessing its
properties; as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
[1913 Webster]
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia
is used as the motive force.
Sal ammoniac [L. sal ammoniacus], the salt usually called
chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia.
[1913 Webster] Gum ammoniacAmmoniac \Am*mo"ni*ac\(or Gum ammoniac \Gum` am*mo"ni*ac\, n.
[L. Ammoniacum, Gr. 'ammoniako`n a resinous gum, said to
distill from a tree near the temple of Jupiter Ammon; cf. F.
ammoniac. See Ammonite.] (Med.)
The concrete juice (gum resin) of an umbelliferous plant, the
Dorema ammoniacum. It is brought chiefly from Iran in the
form of yellowish tears, which occur singly, or are
aggregated into masses. It has a peculiar smell, and a
nauseous, sweet taste, followed by a bitter one. It is
inflammable, partially soluble in water and in alcohol, and
is used in medicine as an expectorant and resolvent, and for
the formation of certain plasters.
[1913 Webster + AS] |
Ammoniac
(gcide) | ammoniac \am*mo"ni*ac\ ([a^]m*m[=o]"n[i^]*[a^]k), Ammoniacal
\Am`mo*ni"a*cal\ ([a^]m`m[-o]*n[imac]"[.a]*kal), a.
Of, pertaining, or containing ammonia, or possessing its
properties; as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
[1913 Webster]
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia
is used as the motive force.
Sal ammoniac [L. sal ammoniacus], the salt usually called
chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia.
[1913 Webster] Gum ammoniacAmmoniac \Am*mo"ni*ac\(or Gum ammoniac \Gum` am*mo"ni*ac\, n.
[L. Ammoniacum, Gr. 'ammoniako`n a resinous gum, said to
distill from a tree near the temple of Jupiter Ammon; cf. F.
ammoniac. See Ammonite.] (Med.)
The concrete juice (gum resin) of an umbelliferous plant, the
Dorema ammoniacum. It is brought chiefly from Iran in the
form of yellowish tears, which occur singly, or are
aggregated into masses. It has a peculiar smell, and a
nauseous, sweet taste, followed by a bitter one. It is
inflammable, partially soluble in water and in alcohol, and
is used in medicine as an expectorant and resolvent, and for
the formation of certain plasters.
[1913 Webster + AS] |
Ammoniacal
(gcide) | ammoniac \am*mo"ni*ac\ ([a^]m*m[=o]"n[i^]*[a^]k), Ammoniacal
\Am`mo*ni"a*cal\ ([a^]m`m[-o]*n[imac]"[.a]*kal), a.
Of, pertaining, or containing ammonia, or possessing its
properties; as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
[1913 Webster]
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia
is used as the motive force.
Sal ammoniac [L. sal ammoniacus], the salt usually called
chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia.
[1913 Webster] Gum ammoniac |
Ammoniacal engine
(gcide) | ammoniac \am*mo"ni*ac\ ([a^]m*m[=o]"n[i^]*[a^]k), Ammoniacal
\Am`mo*ni"a*cal\ ([a^]m`m[-o]*n[imac]"[.a]*kal), a.
Of, pertaining, or containing ammonia, or possessing its
properties; as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
[1913 Webster]
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia
is used as the motive force.
Sal ammoniac [L. sal ammoniacus], the salt usually called
chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia.
[1913 Webster] Gum ammoniac |
Ammoniacal fermentation
(gcide) | Ammoniacal fermentation \Am`mo*ni"a*cal fer`men*ta"tion\
Any fermentation process by which ammonia is formed, as that
by which urea is converted into ammonium carbonate when urine
is exposed to the air.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]Fermentation \Fer`men*ta"tion\ (f[~e]r`m[e^]n*t[=a]"sh[u^]n), n.
[Cf. F. fermentation.]
1. The process of undergoing an effervescent change, as by
the action of yeast; in a wider sense (Physiol. Chem.),
the transformation of an organic substance into new
compounds by the action of a ferment[1], whether in the
form of living organisms or enzymes. It differs in kind
according to the nature of the ferment which causes it.
Note: In industrial microbiology fermentation usually refers
to the production of chemical substances by use of
microorganisms.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
2. A state of agitation or excitement, as of the intellect or
the feelings.
[1913 Webster]
It puts the soul to fermentation and activity.
--Jer. Taylor.
[1913 Webster]
A univesal fermentation of human thought and faith.
--C. Kingsley.
[1913 Webster]
Acetous fermentation or Acetic fermentation, a form of
oxidation in which alcohol is converted into vinegar or
acetic acid by the agency of a specific fungus ({Mycoderma
aceti}) or series of enzymes. The process involves two
distinct reactions, in which the oxygen of the air is
essential. An intermediate product, acetaldehyde, is
formed in the first process. 1. C2H6O + O [rarr] H2O +
C2H4O
Note: Alcohol. Water. Acetaldehyde. 2. C2H4O + O [rarr]
C2H4O2
Note: Acetaldehyde. Acetic acid.
Alcoholic fermentation, the fermentation which saccharine
bodies undergo when brought in contact with the yeast
plant or Torula. The sugar is converted, either directly
or indirectly, into alcohol and carbonic acid, the rate of
action being dependent on the rapidity with which the
Torul[ae] develop.
Ammoniacal fermentation, the conversion of the urea of the
urine into ammonium carbonate, through the growth of the
special urea ferment. CON2H4 + 2H2O = (NH4)2CO3
Note: Urea. Water. Ammonium carbonate.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Whenever urine is exposed to the air in open vessels
for several days it undergoes this alkaline
fermentation.
Butyric fermentation, the decomposition of various forms of
organic matter, through the agency of a peculiar
worm-shaped vibrio, with formation of more or less butyric
acid. It is one of the many forms of fermentation that
collectively constitute putrefaction. See {Lactic
fermentation}.
enzymatic fermentation or {Fermentation by an unorganized
ferment}. Fermentations of this class are purely chemical
reactions, in which the enzyme acts as a simple catalytic
agent. Of this nature are the decomposition or inversion
of cane sugar into levulose and dextrose by boiling with
dilute acids, the conversion of starch into dextrin and
sugar by similar treatment, the conversion of starch into
like products by the action of diastase of malt or ptyalin
of saliva, the conversion of albuminous food into peptones
and other like products by the action of
pepsin-hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice or by the
ferment of the pancreatic juice.
Fermentation theory of disease (Biol. & Med.), the theory
that most if not all, infectious or zymotic disease are
caused by the introduction into the organism of the living
germs of ferments, or ferments already developed
(organized ferments), by which processes of fermentation
are set up injurious to health. See Germ theory.
Glycerin fermentation, the fermentation which occurs on
mixing a dilute solution of glycerin with a peculiar
species of schizomycetes and some carbonate of lime, and
other matter favorable to the growth of the plant, the
glycerin being changed into butyric acid, caproic acid,
butyl, and ethyl alcohol. With another form of bacterium
(Bacillus subtilis) ethyl alcohol and butyric acid are
mainly formed.
Lactic fermentation, the transformation of milk sugar or
other saccharine body into lactic acid, as in the souring
of milk, through the agency of a special bacterium
(Bacterium lactis of Lister). In this change the milk
sugar, before assuming the form of lactic acid, presumably
passes through the stage of glucose. C12H22O11.H2O -->
4C3H6O3
Note: Hydrated milk sugar. Lactic acid.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In the lactic fermentation of dextrose or glucose, the
lactic acid which is formed is very prone to undergo
butyric fermentation after the manner indicated in the
following equation: 2C3H6O3 (lactic acid) --> C4H8O2
(butyric acid) + 2CO2 (carbonic acid) + 2H2 (hydrogen
gas).
Putrefactive fermentation. See Putrefaction.
[1913 Webster] |
ammoniate
(gcide) | ammoniate \ammoniate\ v.
1. treat with ammonia; expose to ammonia
[WordNet 1.5] |
Ammoniated
(gcide) | Ammoniated \Am*mo"ni*a`ted\, a. (Chem.)
Combined or impregnated with ammonia.
[1913 Webster] |
aqua ammonia
(gcide) | Aqua \A"qua\, n. [L. See Ewer.]
Water; -- a word much used in pharmacy and the old chemistry,
in various signification, determined by the word or words
annexed.
[1913 Webster]
Aqua ammoni[ae], the aqueous solution of ammonia; liquid
ammonia; often called aqua ammonia.
Aqua marine, or Aqua marina. Same as Aquamarine.
Aqua regia. [L., royal water] (Chem.), a very corrosive
fuming yellow liquid consisting of nitric and hydrochloric
acids. It has the power of dissolving gold, the "royal"
metal.
Aqua Tofana, a fluid containing arsenic, and used for
secret poisoning, made by an Italian woman named Tofana,
in the middle of the 17th century, who is said to have
poisoned more than 600 persons. --Francis.
Aqua vit[ae][L., water of life. Cf. Eau de vie,
Usquebaugh], a name given to brandy and some other
ardent spirits. --Shak.
[1913 Webster] |
Aqua ammoniae
(gcide) | Aqua \A"qua\, n. [L. See Ewer.]
Water; -- a word much used in pharmacy and the old chemistry,
in various signification, determined by the word or words
annexed.
[1913 Webster]
Aqua ammoni[ae], the aqueous solution of ammonia; liquid
ammonia; often called aqua ammonia.
Aqua marine, or Aqua marina. Same as Aquamarine.
Aqua regia. [L., royal water] (Chem.), a very corrosive
fuming yellow liquid consisting of nitric and hydrochloric
acids. It has the power of dissolving gold, the "royal"
metal.
Aqua Tofana, a fluid containing arsenic, and used for
secret poisoning, made by an Italian woman named Tofana,
in the middle of the 17th century, who is said to have
poisoned more than 600 persons. --Francis.
Aqua vit[ae][L., water of life. Cf. Eau de vie,
Usquebaugh], a name given to brandy and some other
ardent spirits. --Shak.
[1913 Webster] |
Convolvulus Scammonia
(gcide) | Scammony \Scam"mo*ny\ (sk[a^]m"m[-o]*n[y^]), n. [F.
scammon['e]e, L. scammonia, scammonea, Gr. skammwni`a.]
1. (Bot.) A species of bindweed or Convolvulus
(Convolvulus Scammonia).
[1913 Webster]
2. An inspissated sap obtained from the root of the
Convolvulus Scammonia, of a blackish gray color, a
nauseous smell like that of old cheese, and a somewhat
acrid taste. It is used in medicine as a cathartic.
[1913 Webster] |
Dorema ammoniacum
(gcide) | Ammoniac \Am*mo"ni*ac\(or Gum ammoniac \Gum` am*mo"ni*ac\, n.
[L. Ammoniacum, Gr. 'ammoniako`n a resinous gum, said to
distill from a tree near the temple of Jupiter Ammon; cf. F.
ammoniac. See Ammonite.] (Med.)
The concrete juice (gum resin) of an umbelliferous plant, the
Dorema ammoniacum. It is brought chiefly from Iran in the
form of yellowish tears, which occur singly, or are
aggregated into masses. It has a peculiar smell, and a
nauseous, sweet taste, followed by a bitter one. It is
inflammable, partially soluble in water and in alcohol, and
is used in medicine as an expectorant and resolvent, and for
the formation of certain plasters.
[1913 Webster + AS] |
Gum ammoniac
(gcide) | Ammoniac \Am*mo"ni*ac\(or Gum ammoniac \Gum` am*mo"ni*ac\, n.
[L. Ammoniacum, Gr. 'ammoniako`n a resinous gum, said to
distill from a tree near the temple of Jupiter Ammon; cf. F.
ammoniac. See Ammonite.] (Med.)
The concrete juice (gum resin) of an umbelliferous plant, the
Dorema ammoniacum. It is brought chiefly from Iran in the
form of yellowish tears, which occur singly, or are
aggregated into masses. It has a peculiar smell, and a
nauseous, sweet taste, followed by a bitter one. It is
inflammable, partially soluble in water and in alcohol, and
is used in medicine as an expectorant and resolvent, and for
the formation of certain plasters.
[1913 Webster + AS] |
muriate of ammonia
(gcide) | Sal \Sal\ (s[a^]l), n. [L. See Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.)
Salt.
[1913 Webster]
Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an impure potassium
carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood ({Artemisia
Absinthium}).
Sal acetosellae [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt of sorrel.
Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth.
Sal ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, a white
crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste,
obtained from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It
is largely employed as a source of ammonia, as a reagent,
and as an expectorant in bronchitis. So called because
originally made from the soot from camel's dung at the
temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also {muriate of
ammonia}.
Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts.
Sal culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium
chloride.
Sal Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above.
Sal de duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.),
potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously
supposed to be composed of two salts, one acid and one
alkaline.
Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), potassium acetate.
Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium sulphate.
Sal gemmae [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring native.
Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride;
-- the alchemical name of tin being Jove.
Sal Martis [NL.] (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous
sulphate; -- the alchemical name of iron being Mars.
Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Microcosmic salt,
under Microcosmic.
Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead.
Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under 1st
Prunella.
Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead
acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn.
Sal sedativus [NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric
acid.
Sal Seignette [F. seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.),
Rochelle salt.
Sal soda (Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium.
Sal vitrioli [NL.] (Old Chem.), white vitriol; zinc
sulphate.
Sal volatile. [NL.]
(a) (Chem.) See Sal ammoniac, above.
(b) Spirits of ammonia.
[1913 Webster]ammoniac \am*mo"ni*ac\ ([a^]m*m[=o]"n[i^]*[a^]k), Ammoniacal
\Am`mo*ni"a*cal\ ([a^]m`m[-o]*n[imac]"[.a]*kal), a.
Of, pertaining, or containing ammonia, or possessing its
properties; as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
[1913 Webster]
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia
is used as the motive force.
Sal ammoniac [L. sal ammoniacus], the salt usually called
chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia.
[1913 Webster] Gum ammoniac |
Oxyammonia
(gcide) | Oxyammonia \Ox`y*am*mo"ni*a\, n. [Oxy
(b) + ammonia.] (Chem.) Same as Hydroxylamine.
[1913 Webster] |
Sal ammoniac
(gcide) | Sal \Sal\ (s[a^]l), n. [L. See Salt.] (Chem. & Pharm.)
Salt.
[1913 Webster]
Sal absinthii [NL.] (Old Chem.), an impure potassium
carbonate obtained from the ashes of wormwood ({Artemisia
Absinthium}).
Sal acetosellae [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt of sorrel.
Sal alembroth. (Old Chem.) See Alembroth.
Sal ammoniac (Chem.), ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, a white
crystalline volatile substance having a sharp salty taste,
obtained from gas works, from nitrogenous matter, etc. It
is largely employed as a source of ammonia, as a reagent,
and as an expectorant in bronchitis. So called because
originally made from the soot from camel's dung at the
temple of Jupiter Ammon in Africa. Called also {muriate of
ammonia}.
Sal catharticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), Epsom salts.
Sal culinarius [L.] (Old Chem.), common salt, or sodium
chloride.
Sal Cyrenaicus. [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Sal ammoniac above.
Sal de duobus, Sal duplicatum [NL.] (Old Chem.),
potassium sulphate; -- so called because erroneously
supposed to be composed of two salts, one acid and one
alkaline.
Sal diureticus [NL.] (Old Med. Chem.), potassium acetate.
Sal enixum [NL.] (Old Chem.), acid potassium sulphate.
Sal gemmae [NL.] (Old Min.), common salt occuring native.
Sal Jovis [NL.] (Old Chem.), salt tin, or stannic chloride;
-- the alchemical name of tin being Jove.
Sal Martis [NL.] (Old Chem.), green vitriol, or ferrous
sulphate; -- the alchemical name of iron being Mars.
Sal microcosmicum [NL.] (Old Chem.) See Microcosmic salt,
under Microcosmic.
Sal plumbi [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead.
Sal prunella. (Old Chem.) See Prunella salt, under 1st
Prunella.
Sal Saturni [NL.] (Old Chem.), sugar of lead, or lead
acetate; -- the alchemical name of lead being Saturn.
Sal sedativus [NL.] (Old Chem.), sedative salt, or boric
acid.
Sal Seignette [F. seignette, sel de seignette] (Chem.),
Rochelle salt.
Sal soda (Chem.), sodium carbonate. See under Sodium.
Sal vitrioli [NL.] (Old Chem.), white vitriol; zinc
sulphate.
Sal volatile. [NL.]
(a) (Chem.) See Sal ammoniac, above.
(b) Spirits of ammonia.
[1913 Webster]ammoniac \am*mo"ni*ac\ ([a^]m*m[=o]"n[i^]*[a^]k), Ammoniacal
\Am`mo*ni"a*cal\ ([a^]m`m[-o]*n[imac]"[.a]*kal), a.
Of, pertaining, or containing ammonia, or possessing its
properties; as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
[1913 Webster]
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia
is used as the motive force.
Sal ammoniac [L. sal ammoniacus], the salt usually called
chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia.
[1913 Webster] Gum ammoniac |
Scammoniate
(gcide) | Scammoniate \Scam*mo"ni*ate\, a.
Made from scammony; as, a scammoniate aperient.
[1913 Webster] |
ammonia alum
(wn) | ammonia alum
n 1: a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the
ammonium double sulfate of aluminum [syn: alum, {ammonia
alum}, ammonium alum] |
ammonia clock
(wn) | ammonia clock
n 1: an atomic clock based on vibrational frequency of the
nitrogen atom in the ammonia molecule |
ammonia water
(wn) | ammonia water
n 1: a water solution of ammonia [syn: ammonia water,
ammonia, ammonium hydroxide] |
ammoniac
(wn) | ammoniac
adj 1: pertaining to or containing or similar to ammonia [syn:
ammoniac, ammoniacal]
n 1: the aromatic gum of the ammoniac plant [syn: ammoniac,
gum ammoniac] |
ammoniacal
(wn) | ammoniacal
adj 1: pertaining to or containing or similar to ammonia [syn:
ammoniac, ammoniacal] |
ammoniate
(wn) | ammoniate
v 1: treat with ammonia |
ammoniated
(wn) | ammoniated
adj 1: combined or treated with ammonia; "ammoniated mercury" |
convolvulus scammonia
(wn) | Convolvulus scammonia
n 1: twining plant of Asia Minor having cream-colored to purple
flowers and long thick roots yielding a cathartic resin
[syn: scammony, Convolvulus scammonia] |
gum ammoniac
(wn) | gum ammoniac
n 1: the aromatic gum of the ammoniac plant [syn: ammoniac,
gum ammoniac] |
sal ammoniac
(wn) | sal ammoniac
n 1: a white salt used in dry cells [syn: ammonium chloride,
sal ammoniac] |
spirits of ammonia
(wn) | spirits of ammonia
n 1: a solution of ammonium carbonate in ammonia water and
alcohol [syn: spirits of ammonia, sal volatile] |
|