| slovo | definícia |
Animalcule
(gcide) | Animalcule \An`i*mal"cule\, n. [As if fr. a L. animalculum, dim.
of animal.]
1. A small animal, as a fly, spider, etc. [Obs.] --Ray.
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2. (Zool.) An animal, invisible, or nearly so, to the naked
eye. See Infusoria.
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Note: Many of the so-called animalcules have been shown to be
plants, having locomotive powers something like those
of animals. Among these are Volvox, the
Desmidiac[ae], and the siliceous Diatomace[ae].
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Spermatic animalcules. See Spermatozoa.
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animalcule
(wn) | animalcule
n 1: microscopic organism such as an amoeba or paramecium [syn:
animalcule, animalculum] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
Animalcule
(gcide) | Animalcule \An`i*mal"cule\, n. [As if fr. a L. animalculum, dim.
of animal.]
1. A small animal, as a fly, spider, etc. [Obs.] --Ray.
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2. (Zool.) An animal, invisible, or nearly so, to the naked
eye. See Infusoria.
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Note: Many of the so-called animalcules have been shown to be
plants, having locomotive powers something like those
of animals. Among these are Volvox, the
Desmidiac[ae], and the siliceous Diatomace[ae].
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Spermatic animalcules. See Spermatozoa.
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bear animalcules
(gcide) | Tardigrada \Tar`di*gra"da\, n. pl. [NL. See Tardigrade, a.]
1. (Zool.) A tribe of edentates comprising the sloths. They
are noted for the slowness of their movements when on the
ground. See Sloth, 3.
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2. (Zool.) An order of minute aquatic arachnids; -- called
also bear animalcules, sloth animalcules, and {water
bears}.
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Bell animalcule
(gcide) | Bell animalcule \Bell" an`i*mal"cule\ (Zool.)
An infusorian of the family Vorticellid[ae], common in
fresh-water ponds.
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Eye animalcule
(gcide) | Eye \Eye\ ([imac]), n. [OE. eghe, eighe, eie, eye, AS. e['a]ge;
akin to OFries. [=a]ge, OS. [=o]ga, D. oog, Ohg. ouga, G.
auge, Icel. auga, Sw. ["o]ga, Dan. ["o]ie, Goth. aug[=o]; cf.
OSlav. oko, Lith. akis, L. okulus, Gr. 'o`kkos, eye, 'o`sse,
the two eyes, Skr. akshi. [root]10, 212. Cf. Diasy,
Ocular, Optic, Eyelet, Ogle.]
1. The organ of sight or vision. In man, and the vertebrates
generally, it is properly the movable ball or globe in the
orbit, but the term often includes the adjacent parts. In
most invertebrates the eyes are immovable ocelli, or
compound eyes made up of numerous ocelli. See Ocellus.
Description of illustration: a b Conjunctiva; c Cornea; d
Sclerotic; e Choroid; f Cillary Muscle; g Cillary Process;
h Iris; i Suspensory Ligament; k Prosterior Aqueous
Chamber between h and i; l Anterior Aqueous Chamber; m
Crystalline Lens; n Vitreous Humor; o Retina; p Yellow
spot; q Center of blind spot; r Artery of Retina in center
of the Optic Nerve.
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Note: The essential parts of the eye are inclosed in a tough
outer coat, the sclerotic, to which the muscles moving
it are attached, and which in front changes into the
transparent cornea. A little way back of cornea, the
crystalline lens is suspended, dividing the eye into
two unequal cavities, a smaller one in front filled
with a watery fluid, the aqueous humor, and larger one
behind filled with a clear jelly, the vitreous humor.
The sclerotic is lined with a highly pigmented
membrane, the choroid, and this is turn is lined in the
back half of the eyeball with the nearly transparent
retina, in which the fibers of the optic nerve ramify.
The choroid in front is continuous with the iris, which
has a contractile opening in the center, the pupil,
admitting light to the lens which brings the rays to a
focus and forms an image upon the retina, where the
light, falling upon delicate structures called rods and
cones, causes them to stimulate the fibres of the optic
nerve to transmit visual impressions to the brain.
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2. The faculty of seeing; power or range of vision; hence,
judgment or taste in the use of the eye, and in judging of
objects; as, to have the eye of a sailor; an eye for the
beautiful or picturesque.
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3. The action of the organ of sight; sight, look; view;
ocular knowledge; judgment; opinion.
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In my eye, she is the sweetest lady that I looked
on. --Shak.
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4. The space commanded by the organ of sight; scope of
vision; hence, face; front; the presence of an object
which is directly opposed or confronted; immediate
presence.
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We shell express our duty in his eye. --Shak.
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Her shell your hear disproved to her eyes. --Shak.
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5. Observation; oversight; watch; inspection; notice;
attention; regard. "Keep eyes upon her." --Shak.
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Booksellers . . . have an eye to their own
advantage. --Addison.
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6. That which resembles the organ of sight, in form,
position, or appearance; as:
(a) (Zo["o]l.) The spots on a feather, as of peacock.
(b) The scar to which the adductor muscle is attached in
oysters and other bivalve shells; also, the adductor
muscle itself, esp. when used as food, as in the
scallop.
(c) The bud or sprout of a plant or tuber; as, the eye of
a potato.
(d) The center of a target; the bull's-eye.
(e) A small loop to receive a hook; as, hooks and eyes on
a dress.
(f) The hole through the head of a needle.
(g) A loop forming part of anything, or a hole through
anything, to receive a rope, hook, pin, shaft, etc.;
as, an eye at the end of a tie bar in a bridge truss;
an eye through a crank; an eye at the end of rope.
(h) The hole through the upper millstone.
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7. That which resembles the eye in relative importance or
beauty. "The very eye of that proverb." --Shak.
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Athens, the eye of Greece, mother of arts. --Milton.
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8. Tinge; shade of color. [Obs.]
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Red with an eye of blue makes a purple. --Boyle.
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By the eye, in abundance. [Obs.] --Marlowe.
Elliott eye (Naut.), a loop in a hemp cable made around a
thimble and served.
Eye agate, a kind of circle agate, the central parts of
which are of deeper tints than the rest of the mass.
--Brande & C.
Eye animalcule (Zo["o]l.), a flagellate infusorian
belonging to Euglena and related genera; -- so called
because it has a colored spot like an eye at one end.
Eye doctor, an opthalmologist or optometrist; -- formerly
called an oculist.
Eye of a volute (Arch.), the circle in the center of
volute.
Eye of day, Eye of the morning, Eye of heaven, the sun.
"So gently shuts the eye of day." --Mrs. Barbauld.
Eye of a ship, the foremost part in the bows of a ship,
where, formerly, eyes were painted; also, the hawser
holes. --Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Half an eye, very imperfect sight; a careless glance; as,
to see a thing with half an eye; often figuratively.
"Those who have but half an eye." --B. Jonson.
To catch one's eye, to attract one's notice.
To find favor in the eyes (of), to be graciously received
and treated.
To have an eye to, to pay particular attention to; to
watch. "Have an eye to Cinna." --Shak.
To keep an eye on, to watch.
To set the eyes on, to see; to have a sight of.
In the eye of the wind (Naut.), in a direction opposed to
the wind; as, a ship sails in the eye of the wind.
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Globe animalcule
(gcide) | Globe \Globe\ (gl[=o]b), n. [L. globus, perh. akin to L. glomus
a ball of yarn, and E. clump, golf: cf. F. globe.]
1. A round or spherical body, solid or hollow; a body whose
surface is in every part equidistant from the center; a
ball; a sphere.
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2. Anything which is nearly spherical or globular in shape;
as, the globe of the eye; the globe of a lamp.
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3. The earth; the terraqueous ball; -- usually preceded by
the definite article. --Locke.
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4. A round model of the world; a spherical representation of
the earth or heavens; as, a terrestrial or celestial
globe; -- called also artificial globe.
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5. A body of troops, or of men or animals, drawn up in a
circle; -- a military formation used by the Romans,
answering to the modern infantry square.
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Him round
A globe of fiery seraphim inclosed. --Milton.
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Globe amaranth (Bot.), a plant of the genus Gomphrena
(G. globosa), bearing round heads of variously colored
flowers, which long retain color when gathered.
Globe animalcule, a small, globular, locomotive organism
(Volvox globator), once throught to be an animal,
afterward supposed to be a colony of microscopic alg[ae].
Globe of compression (Mil.), a kind of mine producing a
wide crater; -- called also overcharged mine.
Globe daisy (Bot.), a plant or flower of the genus
Globularing, common in Europe. The flowers are minute
and form globular heads.
Globe sight, a form of front sight placed on target rifles.
Globe slater (Zool.), an isopod crustacean of the genus
Spheroma.
Globe thistle (Bot.), a thistlelike plant with the flowers
in large globular heads (Cynara Scolymus); also, certain
species of the related genus Echinops.
Globe valve.
(a) A ball valve.
(b) A valve inclosed in a globular chamber. --Knight.
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Syn: Globe, Sphere, Orb, Ball.
Usage: Globe denotes a round, and usually a solid body;
sphere is the term applied in astronomy to such a
body, or to the concentric spheres or orbs of the old
astronomers; orb is used, especially in poetry, for
globe or sphere, and also for the pathway of a
heavenly body; ball is applied to the heavenly bodies
concieved of as impelled through space.
[1913 Webster]Volvox \Vol"vox\, n. (Bot.)
A genus of minute, pale-green, globular, organisms, about one
fiftieth of an inch in diameter, found rolling through water,
the motion being produced by minute colorless cilia. It has
been considered as belonging to the flagellate Infusoria, but
is now referred to the vegetable kingdom, and each globule is
considered a colony of many individuals. The commonest
species is Volvox globator, often called {globe
animalcule}.
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globe animalcule
(gcide) | Globe \Globe\ (gl[=o]b), n. [L. globus, perh. akin to L. glomus
a ball of yarn, and E. clump, golf: cf. F. globe.]
1. A round or spherical body, solid or hollow; a body whose
surface is in every part equidistant from the center; a
ball; a sphere.
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2. Anything which is nearly spherical or globular in shape;
as, the globe of the eye; the globe of a lamp.
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3. The earth; the terraqueous ball; -- usually preceded by
the definite article. --Locke.
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4. A round model of the world; a spherical representation of
the earth or heavens; as, a terrestrial or celestial
globe; -- called also artificial globe.
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5. A body of troops, or of men or animals, drawn up in a
circle; -- a military formation used by the Romans,
answering to the modern infantry square.
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Him round
A globe of fiery seraphim inclosed. --Milton.
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Globe amaranth (Bot.), a plant of the genus Gomphrena
(G. globosa), bearing round heads of variously colored
flowers, which long retain color when gathered.
Globe animalcule, a small, globular, locomotive organism
(Volvox globator), once throught to be an animal,
afterward supposed to be a colony of microscopic alg[ae].
Globe of compression (Mil.), a kind of mine producing a
wide crater; -- called also overcharged mine.
Globe daisy (Bot.), a plant or flower of the genus
Globularing, common in Europe. The flowers are minute
and form globular heads.
Globe sight, a form of front sight placed on target rifles.
Globe slater (Zool.), an isopod crustacean of the genus
Spheroma.
Globe thistle (Bot.), a thistlelike plant with the flowers
in large globular heads (Cynara Scolymus); also, certain
species of the related genus Echinops.
Globe valve.
(a) A ball valve.
(b) A valve inclosed in a globular chamber. --Knight.
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Syn: Globe, Sphere, Orb, Ball.
Usage: Globe denotes a round, and usually a solid body;
sphere is the term applied in astronomy to such a
body, or to the concentric spheres or orbs of the old
astronomers; orb is used, especially in poetry, for
globe or sphere, and also for the pathway of a
heavenly body; ball is applied to the heavenly bodies
concieved of as impelled through space.
[1913 Webster]Volvox \Vol"vox\, n. (Bot.)
A genus of minute, pale-green, globular, organisms, about one
fiftieth of an inch in diameter, found rolling through water,
the motion being produced by minute colorless cilia. It has
been considered as belonging to the flagellate Infusoria, but
is now referred to the vegetable kingdom, and each globule is
considered a colony of many individuals. The commonest
species is Volvox globator, often called {globe
animalcule}.
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Slipper animalcule
(gcide) | Slipper \Slip"per\, n.
1. One who, or that which, slips.
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2. A kind of light shoe, which may be slipped on with ease,
and worn in undress; a slipshoe.
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3. A kind of apron or pinafore for children.
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4. A kind of brake or shoe for a wagon wheel.
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5. (Mach.) A piece, usually a plate, applied to a sliding
piece, to receive wear and afford a means of adjustment;
-- also called shoe, and gib.
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Slipper animalcule (Zool.), a ciliated infusorian of the
genus Paramecium.
Slipper flower.(Bot.) Slipperwort.
Slipper limpet, or Slipper shell (Zool.), a boat shell.
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Sloth animalcule
(gcide) | Sloth \Sloth\, n. [OE. slouthe, sleuthe, AS. sl?w?, fr. sl[=a]w
slow. See Slow.]
1. Slowness; tardiness.
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These cardinals trifle with me; I abhor
This dilatory sloth and tricks of Rome. --Shak.
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2. Disinclination to action or labor; sluggishness; laziness;
idleness.
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[They] change their course to pleasure, ease, and
sloth. --Milton.
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Sloth, like rust, consumes faster than labor wears.
--Franklin.
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3. (Zool.) Any one of several species of arboreal edentates
constituting the family Bradypodidae, and the suborder
Tardigrada. They have long exserted limbs and long
prehensile claws. Both jaws are furnished with teeth (see
Illust. of Edentata), and the ears and tail are
rudimentary. They inhabit South and Central America and
Mexico.
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Note: The three-toed sloths belong to the genera Bradypus
and Arctopithecus, of which several species have been
described. They have three toes on each foot. The
best-known species are collared sloth ({Bradypus
tridactylus}), and the ai (Arctopitheus ai). The
two-toed sloths, consisting the genus Cholopus, have
two toes on each fore foot and three on each hind foot.
The best-known is the unau (Cholopus didactylus) of
South America. See Unau. Another species ({Cholopus
Hoffmanni}) inhabits Central America.
Various large extinct terrestrial edentates, such as
Megatherium and Mylodon, are often called sloths.
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Australian sloth, or Native sloth (Zool.), the koala.
Sloth animalcule (Zool.), a tardigrade.
Sloth bear (Zool.), a black or brown long-haired bear
(Melursus ursinus, or Melursus labiatus), native of
India and Ceylon; -- called also aswail, {labiated
bear}, and jungle bear. It is easily tamed and can be
taught many tricks.
Sloth monkey (Zool.), a loris.
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sloth animalcules
(gcide) | Tardigrada \Tar`di*gra"da\, n. pl. [NL. See Tardigrade, a.]
1. (Zool.) A tribe of edentates comprising the sloths. They
are noted for the slowness of their movements when on the
ground. See Sloth, 3.
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2. (Zool.) An order of minute aquatic arachnids; -- called
also bear animalcules, sloth animalcules, and {water
bears}.
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Spermatic animalcules
(gcide) | Animalcule \An`i*mal"cule\, n. [As if fr. a L. animalculum, dim.
of animal.]
1. A small animal, as a fly, spider, etc. [Obs.] --Ray.
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2. (Zool.) An animal, invisible, or nearly so, to the naked
eye. See Infusoria.
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Note: Many of the so-called animalcules have been shown to be
plants, having locomotive powers something like those
of animals. Among these are Volvox, the
Desmidiac[ae], and the siliceous Diatomace[ae].
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Spermatic animalcules. See Spermatozoa.
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Trumpet animalcule
(gcide) | Trumpet \Trump"et\, n. [F. trompette, dim. of trompe. See
Trump a trumpet.]
1. (Mus.) A wind instrument of great antiquity, much used in
war and military exercises, and of great value in the
orchestra. In consists of a long metallic tube, curved
(once or twice) into a convenient shape, and ending in a
bell. Its scale in the lower octaves is limited to the
first natural harmonics; but there are modern trumpets
capable, by means of valves or pistons, of producing every
tone within their compass, although at the expense of the
true ringing quality of tone.
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The trumpet's loud clangor
Excites us to arms. --Dryden.
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2. (Mil.) A trumpeter. --Clarendon.
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3. One who praises, or propagates praise, or is the
instrument of propagating it. --Shak.
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That great politician was pleased to have the
greatest wit of those times . . . to be the trumpet
of his praises. --Dryden.
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4. (Mach) A funnel, or short, fiaring pipe, used as a guide
or conductor, as for yarn in a knitting machine.
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Ear trumpet. See under Ear.
Sea trumpet (Bot.), a great seaweed (Ecklonia buccinalis)
of the Southern Ocean. It has a long, hollow stem,
enlarging upwards, which may be made into a kind of
trumpet, and is used for many purposes.
Speaking trumpet, an instrument for conveying articulate
sounds with increased force.
Trumpet animalcule (Zool.), any infusorian belonging to
Stentor and allied genera, in which the body is
trumpet-shaped. See Stentor.
Trumpet ash (Bot.), the trumpet creeper. [Eng.]
Trumpet conch (Zool.), a trumpet shell, or triton.
Trumpet creeper (Bot.), an American climbing plant ({Tecoma
radicans}) bearing clusters of large red trumpet-shaped
flowers; -- called also trumpet flower, and in England
trumpet ash.
Trumpet fish. (Zool.)
(a) The bellows fish.
(b) The fistularia.
Trumpet flower. (Bot.)
(a) The trumpet creeper; also, its blossom.
(b) The trumpet honeysuckle.
(c) A West Indian name for several plants with
trumpet-shaped flowers.
Trumpet fly (Zool.), a botfly.
Trumpet honeysuckle (Bot.), a twining plant ({Lonicera
sempervirens}) with red and yellow trumpet-shaped flowers;
-- called also trumpet flower.
Trumpet leaf (Bot.), a name of several plants of the genus
Sarracenia.
Trumpet major (Mil.), the chief trumpeter of a band or
regiment.
Trumpet marine (Mus.), a monochord, having a thick string,
sounded with a bow, and stopped with the thumb so as to
produce the harmonic tones; -- said to be the oldest bowed
instrument known, and in form the archetype of all others.
It probably owes its name to "its external resemblance to
the large speaking trumpet used on board Italian vessels,
which is of the same length and tapering shape." --Grove.
Trumpet shell (Zool.), any species of large marine univalve
shells belonging to Triton and allied genera. See
Triton, 2.
Trumpet tree. (Bot.) See Trumpetwood.
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Wheel animalcule
(gcide) | Wheel \Wheel\ (hw[=e]l), n. [OE. wheel, hweol, AS. hwe['o]l,
hweogul, hweowol; akin to D. wiel, Icel. hv[=e]l, Gr.
ky`klos, Skr. cakra; cf. Icel. hj[=o]l, Dan. hiul, Sw. hjul.
[root]218. Cf. Cycle, Cyclopedia.]
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1. A circular frame turning about an axis; a rotating disk,
whether solid, or a frame composed of an outer rim, spokes
or radii, and a central hub or nave, in which is inserted
the axle, -- used for supporting and conveying vehicles,
in machinery, and for various purposes; as, the wheel of a
wagon, of a locomotive, of a mill, of a watch, etc.
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The gasping charioteer beneath the wheel
Of his own car. --Dryden.
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2. Any instrument having the form of, or chiefly consisting
of, a wheel. Specifically:
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(a) A spinning wheel. See under Spinning.
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(b) An instrument of torture formerly used.
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His examination is like that which is made by
the rack and wheel. --Addison.
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Note: This mode of torture is said to have been first
employed in Germany, in the fourteenth century. The
criminal was laid on a cart wheel with his legs and
arms extended, and his limbs in that posture were
fractured with an iron bar. In France, where its use
was restricted to the most atrocious crimes, the
criminal was first laid on a frame of wood in the form
of a St. Andrew's cross, with grooves cut transversely
in it above and below the knees and elbows, and the
executioner struck eight blows with an iron bar, so as
to break the limbs in those places, sometimes finishing
by two or three blows on the chest or stomach, which
usually put an end to the life of the criminal, and
were hence called coups-de-grace -- blows of mercy. The
criminal was then unbound, and laid on a small wheel,
with his face upward, and his arms and legs doubled
under him, there to expire, if he had survived the
previous treatment. --Brande.
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(c) (Naut.) A circular frame having handles on the
periphery, and an axle which is so connected with the
tiller as to form a means of controlling the rudder
for the purpose of steering.
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(d) (Pottery) A potter's wheel. See under Potter.
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Then I went down to the potter's house, and,
behold, he wrought a work on the wheels. --Jer.
xviii. 3.
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Turn, turn, my wheel! This earthen jar
A touch can make, a touch can mar. --Longfellow.
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(e) (Pyrotechny) A firework which, while burning, is
caused to revolve on an axis by the reaction of the
escaping gases.
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(f) (Poetry) The burden or refrain of a song.
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Note: "This meaning has a low degree of authority, but is
supposed from the context in the few cases where the
word is found." --Nares.
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You must sing a-down a-down,
An you call him a-down-a.
O, how the wheel becomes it! --Shak.
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3. A bicycle or a tricycle; a velocipede.
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4. A rolling or revolving body; anything of a circular form;
a disk; an orb. --Milton.
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5. A turn revolution; rotation; compass.
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According to the common vicissitude and wheel of
things, the proud and the insolent, after long
trampling upon others, come at length to be trampled
upon themselves. --South.
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[He] throws his steep flight in many an aery wheel.
--Milton.
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A wheel within a wheel, or Wheels within wheels, a
complication of circumstances, motives, etc.
Balance wheel. See in the Vocab.
Bevel wheel, Brake wheel, Cam wheel, Fifth wheel,
Overshot wheel, Spinning wheel, etc. See under Bevel,
Brake, etc.
Core wheel. (Mach.)
(a) A mortise gear.
(b) A wheel having a rim perforated to receive wooden
cogs; the skeleton of a mortise gear.
Measuring wheel, an odometer, or perambulator.
Wheel and axle (Mech.), one of the elementary machines or
mechanical powers, consisting of a wheel fixed to an axle,
and used for raising great weights, by applying the power
to the circumference of the wheel, and attaching the
weight, by a rope or chain, to that of the axle. Called
also axis in peritrochio, and perpetual lever, -- the
principle of equilibrium involved being the same as in the
lever, while its action is continuous. See {Mechanical
powers}, under Mechanical.
Wheel animal, or Wheel animalcule (Zool.), any one of
numerous species of rotifers having a ciliated disk at the
anterior end.
Wheel barometer. (Physics) See under Barometer.
Wheel boat, a boat with wheels, to be used either on water
or upon inclined planes or railways.
Wheel bug (Zool.), a large North American hemipterous
insect (Prionidus cristatus) which sucks the blood of
other insects. So named from the curious shape of the
prothorax.
Wheel carriage, a carriage moving on wheels.
Wheel chains, or Wheel ropes (Naut.), the chains or ropes
connecting the wheel and rudder.
Wheel cutter, a machine for shaping the cogs of gear
wheels; a gear cutter.
Wheel horse, one of the horses nearest to the wheels, as
opposed to a leader, or forward horse; -- called also
wheeler.
Wheel lathe, a lathe for turning railway-car wheels.
Wheel lock.
(a) A letter lock. See under Letter.
(b) A kind of gunlock in which sparks were struck from a
flint, or piece of iron pyrites, by a revolving wheel.
(c) A kind of brake a carriage.
Wheel ore (Min.), a variety of bournonite so named from the
shape of its twin crystals. See Bournonite.
Wheel pit (Steam Engine), a pit in the ground, in which the
lower part of the fly wheel runs.
Wheel plow, or Wheel plough, a plow having one or two
wheels attached, to render it more steady, and to regulate
the depth of the furrow.
Wheel press, a press by which railway-car wheels are forced
on, or off, their axles.
Wheel race, the place in which a water wheel is set.
Wheel rope (Naut.), a tiller rope. See under Tiller.
Wheel stitch (Needlework), a stitch resembling a spider's
web, worked into the material, and not over an open space.
--Caulfeild & S. (Dict. of Needlework).
Wheel tree (Bot.), a tree (Aspidosperma excelsum) of
Guiana, which has a trunk so curiously fluted that a
transverse section resembles the hub and spokes of a
coarsely made wheel. See Paddlewood.
Wheel urchin (Zool.), any sea urchin of the genus Rotula
having a round, flat shell.
Wheel window (Arch.), a circular window having radiating
mullions arranged like the spokes of a wheel. Cf. {Rose
window}, under Rose.
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