| slovo | definícia |
estate
(mass) | estate
- nehnuteľnosť, majetok, pozemky, statok |
estate
(encz) | estate,majetek [eko.] RNDr. Pavel Piskač |
estate
(encz) | estate,nemovitost n: Nijel |
estate
(encz) | estate,nemovitosti n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
estate
(encz) | estate,pozemek n: Pino |
estate
(encz) | estate,pozemky Zdeněk Brož |
estate
(encz) | estate,pozůstalost Zdeněk Brož |
estate
(encz) | estate,statek n: Zdeněk Brož |
Estate
(gcide) | Estate \Es*tate"\ ([e^]s*t[=a]t"), n. [OF. estat, F. ['e]tat, L.
status, fr. stare to stand. See Stand, and cf. State.]
1. Settled condition or form of existence; state; condition
or circumstances of life or of any person; situation.
"When I came to man's estate." --Shak.
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Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low
estate. --Romans xii.
16.
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2. Social standing or rank; quality; dignity.
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God hath imprinted his authority in several parts,
upon several estates of men. --Jer. Taylor.
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3. A person of high rank. [Obs.]
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She's a duchess, a great estate. --Latimer.
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Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords,
high captains, and chief estates of Galilee. --Mark
vi. 21.
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4. A property which a person possesses; a fortune;
possessions, esp. property in land; also, property of all
kinds which a person leaves to be divided at his death.
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See what a vast estate he left his son. --Dryden.
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5. The state; the general body politic; the common-wealth;
the general interest; state affairs. [Obs.]
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I call matters of estate not only the parts of
sovereignty, but whatsoever . . . concerneth
manifestly any great portion of people. --Bacon.
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6. pl. The great classes or orders of a community or state
(as the clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty of
England) or their representatives who administer the
government; as, the estates of the realm (England), which
are (1) the lords spiritual, (2) the lords temporal, (3)
the commons.
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7. (Law) The degree, quality, nature, and extent of one's
interest in, or ownership of, lands, tenements, etc.; as,
an estate for life, for years, at will, etc. --Abbott.
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The fourth estate, a name often given to the public press.
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Estate
(gcide) | Estate \Es*tate"\, v. t.
1. To establish. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
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2. Tom settle as a fortune. [Archaic] --Shak.
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3. To endow with an estate. [Archaic]
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Then would I . . .
Estate them with large land and territory.
--Tennyson.
Estatlich |
estate
(wn) | estate
n 1: everything you own; all of your assets (whether real
property or personal property) and liabilities
2: extensive landed property (especially in the country)
retained by the owner for his own use; "the family owned a
large estate on Long Island" [syn: estate, land, {landed
estate}, acres, demesne]
3: a major social class or order of persons regarded
collectively as part of the body politic of the country
(especially in the United Kingdom) and formerly possessing
distinct political rights [syn: estate of the realm,
estate, the three estates] |
ESTATE
(bouvier) | ESTATE. This word his several meanings: 1. In its most extensive sense, it
is applied to signify every thing of which riches or, fortune may consist
and includes personal and real property; hence we say personal estate, real
estate. 8 Ves. 504. 2. In its more limited sense, the word estate is applied
to lands, It is so applied in two senses. The first describes or points out
the land itself, without ascertaining the extent or nature of the interest
therein; as "my estate at A." The second, which is the proper and technical
meaning of estate, is the degree, quantity, nature and extent of interest
which one has in real property; as, an estate in fee, whether the same be a
fee simple or fee tail; or an estate for life or for years, &c. Lord Coke
says: Estate signifies such inheritance, freehold, term of years, tenancy by
statute merchant, staple, eligit, or the like, as any man hath in lands or
tenements, &c. Co. Lit. Sec. 650, 345 a. See Jones on Land Office Titles in
Penna. 165-170.
2. In Latin, it is called status, because it signifies the condition
or circumstances in which the owner stands with regard to his property..
3. Estates in land may be considered in a fourfold view with regard, 1.
To the quantity of interest which the tenant has in the tenement. 2. To the
time during which that quantity of interest is to be enjoyed. 3. To the
number and connexion of the tenants. 4. To what conditions may be annexed to
the estate.
4.-1. The quantity of interest which the tenant has in his tenement
is measured by its duration and extent. An estate, considered in this point
of view, is said to be an estate of freehold, and an estate less than
freehold.
5.-1. Freehold estates are of inheritance and not of inheritance. An
estate in fee, (q.v.) which is the estate most common in this country, is a
freehold estate of inheritance. Estates of freehold not of inheritance, are
the following:
6.-1st. Estates for life. An estate for life is a freehold interest
in lands, the duration of which is confined to the life or lives of some
particular person or persons, or to the happening or not happening of some
uncertain event.
7. Estates for life are divided into conventional or legal estates. The
first created by the act of the parties, and the second by operation of law.
8.-1. Life estates may be created by express words; as, if A conveys
land to B, for the term of his natural life; or they may arise by
construction of law, as, if A conveys land to B, without specifying the term
or duration, and without words of limitation. In the last case, B cannot
have an estate in fee, according to. the English law, and according to the
law of those parts of the United States which have adopted and not altered
the common law in this particular, but he will take the largest estate which
can possibly arise from the grant, and that is an estate for life. Co. Litt.
42, a. So a conveyance "to I M, and his generation, to endure as long as
the waters of the Delaware should run," passes no more than a life estate. 3
Wash. C. C. Rep. 498. The life estate may be either for a man's own life, or
for the life of another person, and in this last case it is termed an estate
per autre vie. There are some estates for life, which may depend upon future
contingencies, before the death of the person to whom they are granted; for
example, an estate given to a woman dum sola fuerit, or durante viduitate,
or to a man and woman during coverture, or as long as the grantee shall
dwell in a particular house, is determinable upon the happening of the
event. In the same manner, a house usually worth one hundred dollars a year,
may be granted to a person still he shall have received one thousand
dollars; this will be an estate for life, for as the profits are uncertain,
and may rise or fall, no precise time can be fixed for the determination of
the estate. On the contrary, where the time is fixed, although it may extend
far beyond any life, as a term for five hundred years, this does not create
a life estate.
9.-2. The estates for life created by operation of law, are, 1st.
Estates tail after possibility of issue extinct. 2d. Estates by the curtesy.
3d. Dower. 4th. Jointure. Vide Cruise. Dig. tit. 3; 4 Kent, Com. 23; 1
Brown's Civ. Law, 191; 2 Bl. Com. 103. The estate for life is somewhat
similar to the usufruct (q.v.) of the civil law.
10. The incidents to an estate for life, are principally the following:
1. Every tenant for life, unless restrained by covenant or agreement, may of
common right take upon the land demised to him reasonable estovers or
bote's. Co. Litt. 41.
11.-2. The tenant for life, or his representatives, shall not be
prejudiced by any sudden determination of his estate, because such
determination is contingent or uncertain. Co. Litt. 55.
12.-3. Under tenants or lessees of an estate for life, have the same,
and even greater indulgences than the lessors, the original tenants for
life; for when the tenant for life shall not have the emblements, because
the estate determines by his own act, the exception shall not reach his
lessee, who is a third person. l Roll. Ab. 727 2 Bl. Com. 122.
13.-2d. Estates by the curtesy. An estate by the curtesy is an estate
for life, created by act of law, which is defined as follows: When a man
marries a woman, seised at any time during the coverture of an estate of
inheritance, in severalty, in coparcenary, or in common, and has issue by
her born alive, and which might by possibility inherit the same estate as
heir to the wife, and the wife dies in the lifetime of the husband, he holds
the lands during, his life by the curtesy of England, and it is immaterial
whether the issue be living at the time of the seisin, or at the death of
the wife, or whether it was born before or after the seisin. Litt. s. 35;
Co. Litt. 29, b; 8 Co. 34. By Act of Assembly of Pennsylvania, the birth of
issue is not necessary, in all cases where the issue, if any, would have
inherited.
14. There are four requisites indispensably necessary to the existence
of this estate: 1. Marriage. 2. Seisin of the wife, which must have been
seisin in deed, and not merely seisin in law; it seems, however, that the
rigid rules of the common law, have been relayed, in this respect, as to
what is sometimes called waste or wild lands. 1 Pet. 505. 3. Issue. 4. Death
of the wife.
15.-1. The marriage must be a lawful marriage; for a void marriage
does not entitle the husband to the curtesy; as if a married man were to
marry a second wife, the first being alive, he would not be entitled to the
curtesy in such second wife's estate. But if the marriage had been merely
voidable, he would be entitled, because no marriage, merely voidable, can be
annulled after the death of the parties. Cruise, Dig. tit. 5, c. 1, s. 6.
16.-2. The seisin of the wife must, according to the English law, be a
seisin in deed; but this strict rule has been somewhat qualified by
circumstances in this country. Where the wife is owner of wild uncultivated
land, not held adversely, she is considered as seised in fact, and the
husband is entitled to his curtesy. 8 John. 262 8 Cranch, 249; 1 Pet. 503 1
Munf. 162 1 Stow. 590. When the wife's state is in reversion or remainder,
the husband is not, in general, entitled to the curtesy, unless the
particular estate is elided during coverture. Perk. s. 457, 464; Co. Litt.
20, a; 3 Dev. R. 270; 1 Sumn. 263; but see 3 Atk. 469; 7 Viner, Ab. 149, pl.
11. The wife's seisin must have been such as to enable her to inherit. 5
Cowen, 74.
17.-3. The issue of the marriage, to entitle the husband to the
curtesy, must possess the following qualifications: 1. Be born alive. 2. In
the lifetime of the mother. 3. Be capable of inheriting the estate.
18.-1st. The issue must be born alive. As to what will be considered
life, see Birth; Death; Life.
19.-2d. The issue must be born in the lifetime of the mother; and if
the child be born after the death of the mother, by the performance of the
Caesarian operation, the husband will not be entitled to the curtesy; as
there was no issue born at the instant of the wife's death, the estate vests
immediately on the wife's death to the child, in ventre sa mere, and the
estate being once vested, it cannot be taken from him. Co. Litt. 29, b.; 8
Co. Rep., 35, a. It is immaterial whether the issue be born before or after
the seisin of the wife. 8 Co. Rep. 35, b.
20.-3d. The issue must be capable of inheriting the estate; When, for
example, lands are given to a woman and the heirs male of her body, and she
has a daughter, this issue will not enable her husband to take his curtesy.
Co. Litt. 29, a.
21.-4th. The death of the wife is requisite to make the estate by the
curtesy complete.
22. This estate is generally prevalent in the United States; in some of
them it has received a modification. In Pennsylvania the right of the
husband takes place although there be no issue of the marriage, in all cases
where the issue, if any, would have inherited. In Vermont, the title by
curtesy has been laid under the equitable restriction of existing only in
the event that the children of the wife entitled to inherit, died within age
and without children in South Carolina, tenancy by the curtesy, eo nomine,
has ceased by the provisions of an act passed in 1791, relative to the
distribution of intestates estates, which gives to the husband surviving his
wife, the same share of her real estate, as she would have taken out of his,
if left a widow, and that is one moiety, or one-third of it in fee,
according to circumstances. In Georgia, tenancy by the curtesy does not
exist, because, since 1785, all marriages vest the real, equally with the
personal estate, in the husband. 4 Kent, Com. 29. In Louisiana, where the
common law has not been adopted in this respect, this estate is unknown.
23. This estate is not peculiar to the English law, as Littleton
erroneously supposes; Litt. s. 35; for it is. to be found, with some
modifications, in the ancient laws of Scotland, Ireland, Normandy and
Germany. In France there were several customs, which gave a somewhat similar
estate to the surviving husband, out of the wife's inheritances. Merlin,
Repert. mots Linotte, et Quarte de Conjoint pauvre.
24.-3d. Estate in dower. Dower is an estate for life which the law
gives the widow in the third part of the lands and tenements, or
hereditaments of which the husband was solely seised, at any time during the
coverture, of an estate in fee or in tail, in possession, and to which
estate in the lands and tenements the issue, if any of such widow, might, by
possibility, have inherited. In Pennsylvania, the sole seisin of the.
husband is not necessary. Watk. Prin. Con. 38; Lit. Sec. 36; Act of Penna.
March 31, 1812.
25. To create a title to the dower, three things are indispensably
requisite: 1. Marriage. This must be a marriage not absolutely void, and
existing at the death of the husband; a wife de facto, whose marriage is
voidable by decree, as well as a wife de jure, is entitled to it; and the
wife shall be endowed, though the marriage be within the age of consent, and
the husband dies within that age. Co. Litt. 33, a; 7 Co. 42; Doct. & Stud.
22; Cruise, Dig. t. 6, c. 2, s, 2, et seq.
26.-2. Seisin. The husband must have been seised, some time during the
coverture, of the estate of which the wife is dowable. Co. Litt. 31, a. An
actual seisin is not indispensable, a seisin in law is sufficient. As to the
effect of a transitory seisin, see 4 Kent, Com. 38; 2 Bl. Com. 132; Co.
Litt. 31, a.
27.-3. Death of the husband. This must be a natural death; though
there are authorities which declare that a civil death shall have the same
effect. Cruise, Dig. tit. 6, ch. 2, Sec. 22. Vide, generally, 8 Vin. Ab.
210; Bac. Ab. Dower; Com. Dig. Dower; Id. App. tit. Dower; 1 Supp. to. Ves.
jr. 173, 189; 2 Id. 49; 1 Vern. R. by Raithby, 218, n. 358, n.; 1 Salk. R.
291; 2 Ves. jr. 572; 5 Ves. 130; Arch. Civ. Pl. 469; 2 Sell. Pr. 200; 4
Kent, Com. 35; Amer. Dig. h.t.; Pothier, Traite du Douaire; 1 Swift's Dig.
85; Perk. 300, et seq.
28.-4th. Estate tail after possibility of issue extinct. By this
awkward, but perhaps necessary periphrasis, justified by Sir William
Blackstone, 2 Com. 124, is meant the estate which is thus described by
Littleton, Sec. 32 when tenements are given to a man and his wife in special
tail, if one of them die without issue, the survivor is tenant in tail after
possibility of issue extinct."
29. This estate though, strictly speaking, not more than an estate for
life, partakes in some circumstances of the nature of an estate tail. For a
tenant in tail after possibility of issue extinct, has eight qualities or
privileges in common with a tenant in tail. 1. He is dispunishable for
waste. 2. He is not compellable to attorn. 3. He shall not have aid of the
person in reversion. 4. Upon his alienation no writ of entry in consimili
casu lies. 5. After his death, no writ of intrusion lies. 6. He may join the
mise in a writ of right in a special manner. 7. In a praecipe brought by him
he shall not name himself tenant for life. 8. In a praecipe brought against
him, he shall not be named barely tenant for life.
30. There are, however, four qualities annexed to this estate, which
prove it to be, in fact, only an estate for life. 1. If this tenant makes a
feoffment in fee, it is a forfeiture. 2. If an estate tail or in fee
descends upon him, the estate tail after possibility of issue extinct is
merged. 3. If he is impleaded and makes default, the person in reversion
shall be received, as upon default of any other tenant for life. 4. An
exchange between this tenant and a bare tenant for life, is good; for, with
respect to duration, their. estates are equal. Cruise, Dig. tit. 4; Tho. Co.
Litt. B. 2, c. 17; Co. Lit. 28, a.
31. Nothing but absolute impossibility of having issue, can give rise to
this estate. Thus if a person gives lands to a man and his, wife, and to the
heirs of their two bodies, and they live to a hundred years, without having
issue, yet they are tenants in tail; for the law' sees no impossibility of
their having issue, until the death of one of them. Co. Litt. 28, a. See
Tenant in tail after possibility of issue extinct.
32.-2. An estate less than freehold is an estate which is not in fee,
nor for life; for although a man has a lease for a thousand years, which is
much longer than any life, yet it is not a freehold, but a mere estate for
years, which is a chattel interest. Estates less than freehold are estates
for years, estates at will, and estates at sufferance.
33.-1. An estate for years, is one which is created by a lease; for
years, which is a contract for the possession and profits of land for a
determinate period, with the recompense of rent; and it is deemed an estate
for years, though the number of years should exceed the ordinary limits of
human life; and it is deemed an estate for years though it be limited to
less than a single year. It is denominated a term, because its duration is
absolutely defined.
34. An estate for life is higher than an estate for years, though the
latter should be for a thousand years. Co. Litt. 46, a; 2 Kent, Com. 278; 1
Brown's Civ. Law, 191; 4 Kent, Com. 85; Cruise's Dig. tit. 8; 4 Rawle's R.
126; 8 Serg. & Rawle, 459; 13 Id. 60; 10 Vin. Ab. 295, 318 to 325.
35.-3. An estate at will is not bounded by any definite limits with
respect to time; but as it originated in mutual agreement, so it depends
upon the concurrence of both parties. As it depends upon the will of both,
the dissent of either may determine it. Such an estate or interest cannot,
consequently, be the subject of conveyance to a stranger, or of transmission
to representatives. Watk. Prin. Con. 1; Litt. Sec. 68.
36. Estates at will have become infrequent under the operation of
judicial decisions. Where no certain term is agreed on, they are now
construed to be tenancies from year to year, and each party is bound to give
reasonable notice of an intention to terminate the estate. When the tenant
holds over by consent given, either expressly or by implication, after the
determination of a lease for years, it is held evidence of a new contract,
without any definite period, and is construed. to. be a tenancy from year to
year. 4 Kent, Com. 210; Cruise, Dig. tit. 9, c. 1.
37.-3. An estate at sufferance. The session of land by lawful title, but
holds over by wrong after the determination of his interest. Co. Litt. 57,
b. He has a bare naked possession, but no estate which he can transfer or
transmit, or which is capable of enlargement by. release, for he stands in
no privity to his landlord.
38. There is a material distinction between the case of a person coming
to an estate by act of the party, and afterwards holding over, and by act of
the law and then holding over. In the first case, he is regarded as a tenant
at sufferance; and in the other, as an intruder, abator, and trespasser. Co.
Litt. 57, b; 2 Inst. 134 Cruise, Dig. t. 9, c. 2 4 Kent, Com. 115 13 Serg. &
Rawle, 60 8 Serg. & Rawle, 459; 4 Rawle, 459; 4 Rawle's R. 126.
39.-II. As to the time of their enjoyment, estates are considered
either in possession, (q.v.) or expectancy. (q.v.) The latter are either
remainders, (q.v.) which are created, by the act of the parties, and these
are vested or contingent, or reversions, (q, v.) created by act of law.
40.-III. An estate way be holden in a variety of ways the most common
of which are, 1. In severalty. 2. In joint tenancy. 3. In common. 4. In
coparcenary. These will be separately considered.
41.-1. An estate in severally, is where only one tenant holds the
estate in his own right, without any other person being joined or connected
with him, in point-of interest, during the continuance of his estate.
42.-2. An estate in joint tenancy, is where lands or tenements are
granted to two or more persons, to hold in fee simple, fee tail, for life,
for years, or at will. 2 Bl. Com. 179. Joint tenants always take by
purchase, and necessarily have equal shares; while tenants in common, also
coparceners, claiming under ancestors in different degrees, may have unequal
shares and the proper and best mode of creating an estate in joint tenancy,
is to limit to A B and C D, and their assigns, if it be an estate for life;
or to A B and C D, and their heirs, if in) fee. Watk. Prin. Con. 86.
43. The creation of the estate depends upon the expression in the deed
or devise, by which the tenants hold, for it must be created by the acts of
the parties, and does not result from the operation of law. Thus, an estate
given to a number of persons, without any restriction or explanation, will
be construed a joint tenancy; for every part of the grant can take effect
only, by considering the estate equal in all, and the union of their names
gives them a name in every respect.
44. The properties of this estate arise from its unities; these are, 1.
Unity of title; the estate must have been created and derived from one and
the same conveyance. 2. There must be a unity of time; the estate must be
created and vested at the same period. 3. There must be a unity of interest;
the estate must be for the same duration, and for the same quantity of
interest. 4. There must be a unity of possession; all the tenants must
possess and enjoy at the same time, for each must have an entire possession
of every parcel, as of the whole. One has not possession of one-half, and
another of the other half, but each has an undivided moiety of the whole,
and not the whole of an undivided moiety.
45. The distinguishing incident of this estate, is the right of
survivorship, or jus accrescendi; at common law, the entire tenancy or
estate, upon the death of any of the joint tenants, went to the survivors,
and so on to the last survivor, who took an estate of inheritance. The right
of survivorship, except, perhaps, in estates held in trust, is abolished in
Pennsylvania, New York, Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana, Missouri, Tennessee,
North and South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama. Griffith's Register, h.t.
In Connecticut it never was recognized. 1 Root, Rep. 48; 1 Swift's Digest,
102. Joint tenancy may be destroyed by destroying any of its constituent
unities, except that of time. 4 Kent, Com. 359. Vide Cruise, Dig. tit. 18; 1
Swift's Dig. 102; 14 Vin. Ab. 470; Bac. Ab. Joint Tenants, &c.; 3 Saund.
319, n. 4; 1 Vern. 353,; Com. Dig. Estates
by Grant, K 1; 4 Kent, Com. 353; 2 Bl. Com. 181; 1 Litt. see. 304
2 Woodd. Lect. 127; 2 Preston on Abst. 67; 5 Binn. Rep. 18; Joint
tenant; Survivor; Entirety.
46.-3. An estate in common, is one which is held by two or more
persons by unity of possession.
47. They may acquire their estate by purchase, and hold by several and
distinct titles, or by title derived at the same time, by the same deed or
will; or by descent. In this respect the American law differs from the
English common law.
48. This tenancy, according to the common law, is created by deed or
will, or by change of title from joint tenancy or coparcenary; or it arises,
in many cases, by construction of law. Litt. sec. 292, 294, 298, 302; 2 Bl.
Com. 192; 2 Prest. on Abstr. 75.
49. In this country it maybe created by descent, as well as by deed or
will. 4 Kent, Com. 363. Vide Cruise, Dig. tit. 20 Com. Dig. Estates by
Grant, K 8.
50. Estates in common can be dissolved in two ways only; first, by
uniting all the titles and interests in one tenant secondly, by making
partition.
51.-4. An estate in coparcenary, is an estate of inheritance in lands
which descend from the ancestor to two or more persons who are called
coparceners or parceners.
52. This is usually applied, in England, to cases where lands descend to
females, when there are no male heirs.
53. As in the several states, estates generally descend to all the
children equally, there is no substantial difference between coparceners and
tenants in common. The title inherited by more persons than one, is, in some
of the states, expressly declared to be a tenancy in common, as in New York
and New Jersey, and where it is not so declared the effect is the same; the
technical distinction between coparcenary and estates in common may be
considered as essentially extinguished in the United States. 4 Kent, Com.
363. Vide Estates.
54.-IV. An estate upon condition is one which has a qualification
annexed to it by which it may, upon the happening or not happening of a
particular event, be created, or enlarged, or destroyed. Conditions may be
annexed to estates in fee, for life, or for years. These estates are divided
into estates upon condition express, or in deed; and upon conditions
implied, or in law.
55. Estates upon express conditions are particularly mentioned 'in the
contract between the parties., Litt. s. 225; 4 Kent, Com. 117; Cruise, Dig.
tit. 13.
56. Estates upon condition in law are such as have a condition impliedly
annexed to them, without any condition being specified in the deed or will.
Litt. s. 378, 380; Co. Litt. 215, b; 233, b; 234, b.
57. Considered as to the title which may be had in them, estates are
legal and equitable. 1. A legal estate is one, the right to which can be
enforced in a court of law. 2. An equitable, is a right or interest in land,
which not having the properties of a legal estate, but being merely a right
of which courts of equity will take notice, require the aid of such a court
to, make it available. See, generally, Bouv. Inst. Index, h.t.
|
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
restate
(mass) | restate
- zopakovač, zopakovať |
estate agency
(encz) | estate agency,realitní kancelář |
estate agent
(encz) | estate agent, n: |
estate car
(encz) | estate car,kombi Zdeněk Brožestate car,polododávka Zdeněk Brož |
estate duty
(encz) | estate duty, |
estate for life
(encz) | estate for life, n: |
estate of the realm
(encz) | estate of the realm, n: |
estate tax
(encz) | estate tax,dědická daň Zdeněk Brož |
estates
(encz) | estates,statky n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
first estate
(encz) | first estate, n: |
fourth estate
(encz) | fourth estate, |
gestate
(encz) | gestate,nosit plod v těle Zdeněk Brožgestate,nosit v hlavě Zdeněk Brož |
gross estate
(encz) | gross estate, n: |
housing estate
(encz) | housing estate,obytná zástavba n: [brit.] Pinohousing estate,sídliště n: [brit.] Pino |
industrial estate
(encz) | industrial estate, |
intestate
(encz) | intestate,bez závěti Zdeněk Brož |
landed estate
(encz) | landed estate, n: |
life estate
(encz) | life estate, n: |
net estate
(encz) | net estate, n: |
personal estate
(encz) | personal estate, n: |
real estate
(encz) | real estate,nemovitost n: real estate,nemovitosti n: pl. Zdeněk Brožreal estate,prostor n: [it.] prostor na pracovní ploše obrazovky,
paměťovém médiu ap., např. "Screen real estate." Pinoreal estate,realitní adj: Zdeněk Brož |
real estate agent
(encz) | real estate agent, |
real estate broker
(encz) | real estate broker, n: |
real estate loan
(encz) | real estate loan, n: |
real estate taxes
(encz) | real estate taxes, |
real-estate business
(encz) | real-estate business, n: |
restate
(encz) | restate,zopakovat v: Zdeněk Brož |
restated
(encz) | restated,zopakovaný adj: Zdeněk Brož |
restatement
(encz) | restatement,další formulace Zdeněk Brožrestatement,přepočet Zdeněk Brož |
second estate
(encz) | second estate, n: |
testate
(encz) | testate,zůstavitel n: Zdeněk Brož |
third estate
(encz) | third estate, n: |
nepotrestatelný
(czen) | nepotrestatelný,nonpunishable |
Coestate
(gcide) | Coestate \Co`es*tate"\, n.
Joint estate. --Smolett.
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Dehonestate
(gcide) | Dehonestate \De`ho*nes"tate\, v. t. [L. dehonestatus, p. p. of
dehonestare to dishonor; de- + honestare to make honorable.
Cf. Dishonest, and see Honest.]
To disparage. [Obs.]
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Detestate
(gcide) | Detestate \De*tes"tate\, v. t.
To detest. [Obs.] --Udall.
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Dominant estate
(gcide) | Dominant \Dom"i*nant\, a. [L. dominans, -antis, p. pr. of
dominari: cf. F. dominant. See Dominate.]
Ruling; governing; prevailing; controlling; predominant; as,
the dominant party, church, spirit, power.
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The member of a dominant race is, in his dealings with
the subject race, seldom indeed fraudulent, . . . but
imperious, insolent, and cruel. --Macaulay.
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Dominant estate or Dominant tenement (Law), the estate to
which a servitude or easement is due from another estate,
the estate over which the servitude extends being called
the servient estate or tenement. --Bouvier. --Wharton's
Law Dict.
Dominant owner (Law), one who owns lands on which there is
an easement owned by another.
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Syn: Governing; ruling; controlling; prevailing; predominant;
ascendant.
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Estate
(gcide) | Estate \Es*tate"\ ([e^]s*t[=a]t"), n. [OF. estat, F. ['e]tat, L.
status, fr. stare to stand. See Stand, and cf. State.]
1. Settled condition or form of existence; state; condition
or circumstances of life or of any person; situation.
"When I came to man's estate." --Shak.
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Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low
estate. --Romans xii.
16.
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2. Social standing or rank; quality; dignity.
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God hath imprinted his authority in several parts,
upon several estates of men. --Jer. Taylor.
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3. A person of high rank. [Obs.]
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She's a duchess, a great estate. --Latimer.
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Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords,
high captains, and chief estates of Galilee. --Mark
vi. 21.
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4. A property which a person possesses; a fortune;
possessions, esp. property in land; also, property of all
kinds which a person leaves to be divided at his death.
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See what a vast estate he left his son. --Dryden.
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5. The state; the general body politic; the common-wealth;
the general interest; state affairs. [Obs.]
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I call matters of estate not only the parts of
sovereignty, but whatsoever . . . concerneth
manifestly any great portion of people. --Bacon.
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6. pl. The great classes or orders of a community or state
(as the clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty of
England) or their representatives who administer the
government; as, the estates of the realm (England), which
are (1) the lords spiritual, (2) the lords temporal, (3)
the commons.
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7. (Law) The degree, quality, nature, and extent of one's
interest in, or ownership of, lands, tenements, etc.; as,
an estate for life, for years, at will, etc. --Abbott.
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The fourth estate, a name often given to the public press.
[1913 Webster]Estate \Es*tate"\, v. t.
1. To establish. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
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2. Tom settle as a fortune. [Archaic] --Shak.
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3. To endow with an estate. [Archaic]
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Then would I . . .
Estate them with large land and territory.
--Tennyson.
Estatlich |
Estate in expectancy
(gcide) | Expectance \Ex*pect"ance\, Expectancy \Ex*pect"an*cy\, n.
1. The act of expecting; expectation. --Milton.
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2. That which is expected, or looked or waited for with
interest; the object of expectation or hope.
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The expectancy and rose of the fair state. --Shak.
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Estate in expectancy (Law), one the possession of which a
person is entitled to have at some future time, either as
a remainder or reversion, or on the death of some one.
--Burrill.
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Estate in severalty
(gcide) | Severalty \Sev"er*al*ty\, n.
A state of separation from the rest, or from all others; a
holding by individual right.
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Forests which had never been owned in severalty.
--Bancroft.
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Estate in severalty (Law), an estate which the tenant holds
in his own right, without being joined in interest with
any other person; -- distinguished from joint tenancy,
coparcenary, and common. --Blackstone.
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Estate in tail
(gcide) | Tail \Tail\, n. [F. taille a cutting. See Entail, Tally.]
(Law)
Limitation; abridgment. --Burrill.
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Estate in tail, a limited, abridged, or reduced fee; an
estate limited to certain heirs, and from which the other
heirs are precluded; -- called also estate tail.
--Blackstone.
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Estate of sufferance
(gcide) | Sufferance \Suf"fer*ance\, n. [OE. suffrance, OF. sufrance,
soufrance, F. souffrance, L. sufferentia, from sufferens,
-entis, p. pr. of sufferre. See Suffer.]
1. The state of suffering; the bearing of pain; endurance.
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He must not only die the death,
But thy unkindness shall his death draw out
To lingering sufferance. --Shak.
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2. Pain endured; misery; suffering; distress.
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The seeming sufferances that you had borne. --Shak.
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3. Loss; damage; injury. [Obs.]
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A grievous . . . sufferance on most part of their
fleet. --Shak.
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4. Submission under difficult or oppressive circumstances;
patience; moderation. --Chaucer.
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But hasty heat tempering with sufferance wise.
--Spenser.
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5. Negative consent by not forbidding or hindering;
toleration; permission; allowance; leave. --Shak.
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In their beginning they are weak and wan,
But soon, through sufferance, grow to fearful end.
--Spenser.
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Somewhiles by sufferance, and somewhiles by special
leave and favor, they erected to themselves
oratories. --Hooker.
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6. A permission granted by the customs authorities for the
shipment of goods. [Eng.]
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Estate of sufferance (Law), the holding by a tenant who
came in by a lawful title, but remains, after his right
has expired, without positive leave of the owner.
--Blackstone.
On sufferance, by mere toleration; as, to remain in a house
on sufferance.
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Syn: Endurance; pain; misery; inconvenience; patience;
moderation; toleration; permission.
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estate tail
(gcide) | Tail \Tail\, n. [F. taille a cutting. See Entail, Tally.]
(Law)
Limitation; abridgment. --Burrill.
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Estate in tail, a limited, abridged, or reduced fee; an
estate limited to certain heirs, and from which the other
heirs are precluded; -- called also estate tail.
--Blackstone.
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Expectant estate
(gcide) | Expectant \Ex*pect"ant\, a. [L.expectans, exspectans, p. pr. of
expectare, exspectare: cf. F. expectant.]
Waiting in expectation; looking for; (Med.) waiting for the
efforts of nature, with little active treatment.
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Expectant estate (Law), an estate in expectancy. See under
Expectancy.
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Fee estate
(gcide) | Fee \Fee\ (f[=e]), n. [OE. fe, feh, feoh, cattle, property,
money, fief, AS. feoh cattle, property, money; the senses of
"property, money," arising from cattle being used in early
times as a medium of exchange or payment, property chiefly
consisting of cattle; akin to OS. fehu cattle, property, D.
vee cattle, OHG. fihu, fehu, G. vieh, Icel. f[=e] cattle,
property, money, Goth. fa['i]hu, L. pecus cattle, pecunia
property, money, Skr. pa[,c]u cattle, perh. orig., "a
fastened or tethered animal," from a root signifying to bind,
and perh. akin to E. fang, fair, a.; cf. OF. fie, flu, feu,
fleu, fief, F. fief, from German, of the same origin. the
sense fief is due to the French. [root]249. Cf. Feud,
Fief, Fellow, Pecuniary.]
1. property; possession; tenure. "Laden with rich fee."
--Spenser.
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Once did she hold the gorgeous East in fee.
--Wordsworth.
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2. Reward or compensation for services rendered or to be
rendered; especially, payment for professional services,
of optional amount, or fixed by custom or laws; charge;
pay; perquisite; as, the fees of lawyers and physicians;
the fees of office; clerk's fees; sheriff's fees; marriage
fees, etc.
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To plead for love deserves more fee than hate.
--Shak.
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3. (Feud. Law) A right to the use of a superior's land, as a
stipend for services to be performed; also, the land so
held; a fief.
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4. (Eng. Law) An estate of inheritance supposed to be held
either mediately or immediately from the sovereign, and
absolutely vested in the owner.
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Note: All the land in England, except the crown land, is of
this kind. An absolute fee, or fee simple, is land
which a man holds to himself and his heirs forever, who
are called tenants in fee simple. In modern writers, by
fee is usually meant fee simple. A limited fee may be a
qualified or base fee, which ceases with the existence
of certain conditions; or a conditional fee, or fee
tail, which is limited to particular heirs.
--Blackstone.
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5. (Amer. Law) An estate of inheritance belonging to the
owner, and transmissible to his heirs, absolutely and
simply, without condition attached to the tenure.
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Fee estate (Eng. Law), land or tenements held in fee in
consideration or some acknowledgment or service rendered
to the lord.
Fee farm (Law), land held of another in fee, in
consideration of an annual rent, without homage, fealty,
or any other service than that mentioned in the feoffment;
an estate in fee simple, subject to a perpetual rent.
--Blackstone.
Fee farm rent (Eng. Law), a perpetual rent reserved upon a
conveyance in fee simple.
Fee fund (Scot. Law), certain court dues out of which the
clerks and other court officers are paid.
Fee simple (Law), an absolute fee; a fee without conditions
or limits.
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Buy the fee simple of my life for an hour and a
quarter. --Shak.
Fee tail (Law), an estate of inheritance, limited and
restrained to some particular heirs. --Burill.
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Intestate
(gcide) | Intestate \In*tes"tate\, a. [L. intestatus; pref. in- not +
testatus, p. p. of testari to make a will: cf. F. intestat.
See Testament.]
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1. Without having made a valid will; without a will; as, to
die intestate. --Blackstone.
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Airy succeeders of intestate joys. --Shak.
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2. Not devised or bequeathed; not disposed of by will; as, an
intestate estate.
[1913 Webster]Intestate \In*tes"tate\, n. (Law)
A person who dies without making a valid will. --Blackstone.
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Life estate
(gcide) | Life \Life\ (l[imac]f), n.; pl. Lives (l[imac]vz). [AS.
l[imac]f; akin to D. lijf body, G. leib body, MHG. l[imac]p
life, body, OHG. l[imac]b life, Icel. l[imac]f, life, body,
Sw. lif, Dan. liv, and E. live, v. [root]119. See Live, and
cf. Alive.]
1. The state of being which begins with generation, birth, or
germination, and ends with death; also, the time during
which this state continues; that state of an animal or
plant in which all or any of its organs are capable of
performing all or any of their functions; -- used of all
animal and vegetable organisms.
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2. Of human beings: The union of the soul and body; also, the
duration of their union; sometimes, the deathless quality
or existence of the soul; as, man is a creature having an
immortal life.
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She shows a body rather than a life. --Shak.
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3. (Philos.) The potential principle, or force, by which the
organs of animals and plants are started and continued in
the performance of their several and cooperative
functions; the vital force, whether regarded as physical
or spiritual.
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4. Figuratively: The potential or animating principle, also,
the period of duration, of anything that is conceived of
as resembling a natural organism in structure or
functions; as, the life of a state, a machine, or a book;
authority is the life of government.
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5. A certain way or manner of living with respect to
conditions, circumstances, character, conduct, occupation,
etc.; hence, human affairs; also, lives, considered
collectively, as a distinct class or type; as, low life; a
good or evil life; the life of Indians, or of miners.
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That which before us lies in daily life. --Milton.
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By experience of life abroad in the world. --Ascham.
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Lives of great men all remind us
We can make our lives sublime. --Longfellow.
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'T is from high life high characters are drawn.
--Pope
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6. Animation; spirit; vivacity; vigor; energy.
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No notion of life and fire in fancy and in words.
--Felton.
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That gives thy gestures grace and life.
--Wordsworth.
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7. That which imparts or excites spirit or vigor; that upon
which enjoyment or success depends; as, he was the life of
the company, or of the enterprise.
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8. The living or actual form, person, thing, or state; as, a
picture or a description from, the life.
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9. A person; a living being, usually a human being; as, many
lives were sacrificed.
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10. The system of animal nature; animals in general, or
considered collectively.
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Full nature swarms with life. --Thomson.
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11. An essential constituent of life, esp: the blood.
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The words that I speak unto you . . . they are
life. --John vi. 63.
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The warm life came issuing through the wound.
--Pope
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12. A history of the acts and events of a life; a biography;
as, Johnson wrote the life of Milton.
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13. Enjoyment in the right use of the powers; especially, a
spiritual existence; happiness in the favor of God;
heavenly felicity.
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14. Something dear to one as one's existence; a darling; --
used as a term of endearment.
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Note: Life forms the first part of many compounds, for the
most part of obvious meaning; as, life-giving,
life-sustaining, etc.
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Life annuity, an annuity payable during one's life.
Life arrow, Life rocket, Life shot, an arrow, rocket,
or shot, for carrying an attached line to a vessel in
distress in order to save life.
Life assurance. See Life insurance, below.
Life buoy. See Buoy.
Life car, a water-tight boat or box, traveling on a line
from a wrecked vessel to the shore. In it person are
hauled through the waves and surf.
Life drop, a drop of vital blood. --Byron.
Life estate (Law), an estate which is held during the term
of some certain person's life, but does not pass by
inheritance.
Life everlasting (Bot.), a plant with white or yellow
persistent scales about the heads of the flowers, as
Antennaria, and Gnaphalium; cudweed.
Life of an execution (Law), the period when an execution is
in force, or before it expires.
Life guard. (Mil.) See under Guard.
Life insurance, the act or system of insuring against
death; a contract by which the insurer undertakes, in
consideration of the payment of a premium (usually at
stated periods), to pay a stipulated sum in the event of
the death of the insured or of a third person in whose
life the insured has an interest.
Life interest, an estate or interest which lasts during
one's life, or the life of another person, but does not
pass by inheritance.
Life land (Law), land held by lease for the term of a life
or lives.
Life line.
(a) (Naut.) A line along any part of a vessel for the
security of sailors.
(b) A line attached to a life boat, or to any life saving
apparatus, to be grasped by a person in the water.
Life rate, rate of premium for insuring a life.
Life rent, the rent of a life estate; rent or property to
which one is entitled during one's life.
Life school, a school for artists in which they model,
paint, or draw from living models.
Lifetable, a table showing the probability of life at
different ages.
To lose one's life, to die.
To seek the life of, to seek to kill.
To the life, so as closely to resemble the living person or
the subject; as, the portrait was drawn to the life.
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Personal estate
(gcide) | Personal \Per"son*al\ (p[~e]r"s[u^]n*al), a. [L. personalis: cf.
F. personnel.]
1. Pertaining to human beings as distinct from things.
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Every man so termed by way of personal difference.
--Hooker.
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2. Of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or
affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals;
peculiar or proper to private concerns; not public or
general; as, personal comfort; personal desire.
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The words are conditional, -- If thou doest well, --
and so personal to Cain. --Locke.
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3. Pertaining to the external or bodily appearance;
corporeal; as, personal charms. --Addison.
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4. Done in person; without the intervention of another.
"Personal communication." --Fabyan.
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The immediate and personal speaking of God. --White.
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5. Relating to an individual, his character, conduct,
motives, or private affairs, in an invidious and offensive
manner; as, personal reflections or remarks.
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6. (Gram.) Denoting person; as, a personal pronoun.
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Personal action (Law), a suit or action by which a man
claims a debt or personal duty, or damages in lieu of it;
or wherein he claims satisfaction in damages for an injury
to his person or property, or the specific recovery of
goods or chattels; -- opposed to real action.
Personal equation. (Astron.) See under Equation.
Personal estate or Personal property (Law), movables;
chattels; -- opposed to real estate or real property.
It usually consists of things temporary and movable,
including all subjects of property not of a freehold
nature.
Personal identity (Metaph.), the persistent and continuous
unity of the individual person, which is attested by
consciousness.
Personal pronoun (Gram.), one of the pronouns I, thou,
he, she, it, and their plurals.
Personal representatives (Law), the executors or
administrators of a person deceased.
Personal rights, rights appertaining to the person; as, the
rights of a personal security, personal liberty, and
private property.
Personal tithes. See under Tithe.
Personal verb (Gram.), a verb which is modified or
inflected to correspond with the three persons.
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Potestate
(gcide) | Potestate \Po"tes*tate\, n.
A chief ruler; a potentate. [Obs.] Wyclif. "An irous
potestate." --Chaucer.
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Quantity of estate
(gcide) | Quantity \Quan"ti*ty\, n.; pl. Quantities. [F. quantite, L.
quantitas, fr. quantus bow great, how much, akin to quam bow,
E. how, who. See Who.]
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1. The attribute of being so much, and not more or less; the
property of being measurable, or capable of increase and
decrease, multiplication and division; greatness; and more
concretely, that which answers the question "How much?";
measure in regard to bulk or amount; determinate or
comparative dimensions; measure; amount; bulk; extent;
size. Hence, in specific uses:
(a) (Logic) The extent or extension of a general
conception, that is, the number of species or
individuals to which it may be applied; also, its
content or comprehension, that is, the number of its
constituent qualities, attributes, or relations.
(b) (Gram.) The measure of a syllable; that which
determines the time in which it is pronounced; as, the
long or short quantity of a vowel or syllable.
(c) (Mus.) The relative duration of a tone.
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2. That which can be increased, diminished, or measured;
especially (Math.), anything to which mathematical
processes are applicable.
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Note: Quantity is discrete when it is applied to separate
objects, as in number; continuous, when the parts are
connected, either in succession, as in time, motion,
etc., or in extension, as by the dimensions of space,
viz., length, breadth, and thickness.
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3. A determinate or estimated amount; a sum or bulk; a
certain portion or part; sometimes, a considerable amount;
a large portion, bulk, or sum; as, a medicine taken in
quantities, that is, in large quantities.
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The quantity of extensive and curious information
which he had picked up during many months of
desultory, but not unprofitable, study. --Macaulay.
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Quantity of estate (Law), its time of continuance, or
degree of interest, as in fee, for life, or for years.
--Wharton (Law Dict. )
Quantity of matter, in a body, its mass, as determined by
its weight, or by its momentum under a given velocity.
Quantity of motion (Mech.), in a body, the relative amount
of its motion, as measured by its momentum, varying as the
product of mass and velocity.
Known quantities (Math.), quantities whose values are
given.
Unknown quantities (Math.), quantities whose values are
sought.
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Real estate
(gcide) | Real \Re"al\ (r[=e]"al), a. [LL. realis, fr. L. res, rei, a
thing: cf. F. r['e]el. Cf. Rebus.]
1. Actually being or existing; not fictitious or imaginary;
as, a description of real life.
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Whereat I waked, and found
Before mine eyes all real, as the dream
Had lively shadowed. --Milton.
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2. True; genuine; not artificial, counterfeit, or factitious;
often opposed to ostensible; as, the real reason; real
Madeira wine; real ginger.
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Whose perfection far excelled
Hers in all real dignity. --Milton.
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3. Relating to things, not to persons. [Obs.]
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Many are perfect in men's humors that are not
greatly capable of the real part of business.
--Bacon.
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4. (Alg.) Having an assignable arithmetical or numerical
value or meaning; not imaginary.
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5. (Law) Pertaining to things fixed, permanent, or immovable,
as to lands and tenements; as, real property, in
distinction from personal or movable property.
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Chattels real (Law), such chattels as are annexed to, or
savor of, the realty, as terms for years of land. See
Chattel.
Real action (Law), an action for the recovery of real
property.
Real assets (Law), lands or real estate in the hands of the
heir, chargeable with the debts of the ancestor.
Real composition (Eccl. Law), an agreement made between the
owner of lands and the parson or vicar, with consent of
the ordinary, that such lands shall be discharged from
payment of tithes, in consequence of other land or
recompense given to the parson in lieu and satisfaction
thereof. --Blackstone.
Real estate or Real property, lands, tenements, and
hereditaments; freehold interests in landed property;
property in houses and land. --Kent. --Burrill.
Real presence (R. C. Ch.), the actual presence of the body
and blood of Christ in the eucharist, or the conversion of
the substance of the bread and wine into the real body and
blood of Christ; transubstantiation. In other churches
there is a belief in a form of real presence, not however
in the sense of transubstantiation.
Real servitude, called also Predial servitude (Civil
Law), a burden imposed upon one estate in favor of another
estate of another proprietor. --Erskine. --Bouvier.
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Syn: Actual; true; genuine; authentic.
Usage: Real, Actual. Real represents a thing to be a
substantive existence; as, a real, not imaginary,
occurrence. Actual refers to it as acted or performed;
and, hence, when we wish to prove a thing real, we
often say, "It actually exists," "It has actually been
done." Thus its reality is shown by its actuality.
Actual, from this reference to being acted, has
recently received a new signification, namely,
present; as, the actual posture of affairs; since what
is now in action, or going on, has, of course, a
present existence. An actual fact; a real sentiment.
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For he that but conceives a crime in thought,
Contracts the danger of an actual fault.
--Dryden.
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Our simple ideas are all real; all agree to the
reality of things. --Locke.
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Real estate broker
(gcide) | Broker \Bro"ker\ (br[=o]"k[~e]r), n. [OE. brocour, from a word
akin to broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, possess, digest, fr.
AS. br[=u]can to use, enjoy; cf. Fries. broker, F.
brocanteur. See Brook, v. t.]
1. One who transacts business for another; an agent.
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2. (Law) An agent employed to effect bargains and contracts,
as a middleman or negotiator, between other persons, for a
compensation commonly called brokerage. He takes no
possession, as broker, of the subject matter of the
negotiation. He generally contracts in the names of those
who employ him, and not in his own. --Story.
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3. A dealer in money, notes, bills of exchange, etc.
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4. A dealer in secondhand goods. [Eng.]
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5. A pimp or procurer. [Obs.] --Shak.
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Bill broker, one who buys and sells notes and bills of
exchange.
Curbstone broker or Street broker, an operator in stocks
(not a member of the Stock Exchange) who executes orders
by running from office to office, or by transactions on
the street. [U.S.]
Exchange broker, one who buys and sells uncurrent money,
and deals in exchanges relating to money.
Insurance broker, one who is agent in procuring insurance
on vessels, or against fire.
Pawn broker. See Pawnbroker.
Real estate broker, one who buys and sells lands, and
negotiates loans, etc., upon mortgage.
Ship broker, one who acts as agent in buying and selling
ships, procuring freight, etc.
Stock broker. See Stockbroker.
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real estate closing
(gcide) | closing \closing\ n.
1. the act of closing something.
Syn: shutting.
[WordNet 1.5]
2. the last section of a communication.
Syn: conclusion, close, ending.
[WordNet 1.5]
3. termination of operations.
Syn: closure, closedown, shutdown.
[WordNet 1.5]
4. a concluding action.
Syn: completion, culmination, windup, mop up.
[WordNet 1.5]
5. (Commerce) the final action in a commercial transaction,
especially the meeting between buyer and seller (and in
some cases mortgagee), or their representatives, in a
transaction for sale of real estate in which all documents
are signed and all procedures carried out to complete the
sale; -- called also real estate closing.
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Reestate
(gcide) | Reestate \Re`es*tate"\ (-t?t), v. t.
To reestablish. [Obs.] --Walis.
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Restate
(gcide) | Restate \Re*state"\ (r?*st?t"), v. t.
To state anew. --Palfrey.
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Second estate
(gcide) | Second \Sec"ond\, a. [F., fr. L. secundus second, properly,
following, fr. sequi to follow. See Sue to follow, and cf.
Secund.]
1. Immediately following the first; next to the first in
order of place or time; hence, occurring again; another;
other.
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And he slept and dreamed the second time. --Gen.
xli. 5.
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2. Next to the first in value, power, excellence, dignity, or
rank; secondary; subordinate; inferior.
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May the day when we become the second people upon
earth . . . be the day of our utter extirpation.
--Landor.
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3. Being of the same kind as another that has preceded;
another, like a prototype; as, a second Cato; a second
Troy; a second deluge.
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A Daniel, still say I, a second Daniel! --Shak.
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Second Adventist. See Adventist.
Second cousin, the child of a cousin.
Second-cut file. See under File.
Second distance (Art), that part of a picture between the
foreground and the background; -- called also {middle
ground}, or middle distance. [R.]
Second estate (Eng.), the House of Peers.
Second girl, a female house-servant who does the lighter
work, as chamber work or waiting on table.
Second intention. See under Intention.
Second story, Second floor, in America, the second range
of rooms from the street level. This, in England, is
called the first floor, the one beneath being the
ground floor.
Second thought or Second thoughts, consideration of a
matter following a first impulse or impression;
reconsideration.
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On second thoughts, gentlemen, I don't wish you had
known him. --Dickens.
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Separate estate
(gcide) | Separate \Sep"a*rate\, p. a. [L. separatus, p. p. ]
1. Divided from another or others; disjoined; disconnected;
separated; -- said of things once connected.
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Him that was separate from his brethren. --Gen.
xlix. 26.
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2. Unconnected; not united or associated; distinct; -- said
of things that have not been connected.
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For such an high priest became us, who is holy,
harmless, undefiled, separate from sinnere. --Heb.
vii. 26.
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3. Disunited from the body; disembodied; as, a separate
spirit; the separate state of souls.
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Separate estate (Law), an estate limited to a married woman
independent of her husband.
Separate maintenance (Law), an allowance made to a wife by
her husband under deed of separation.
[1913 Webster] -- Sep"a*rate*ly, adv. --
Sep"a*rate*ness, n.
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Servient estate
(gcide) | Servient \Serv"i*ent\, a. [L. serviens, -entis, p. pr. See
Serve.]
Subordinate. [Obs. except in law.] --Dyer.
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Servient tenement or Servient estate (Law), that on which
the burden of a servitude or an easement is imposed. Cf.
Dominant estate, under Dominant. --Gale & Whately.
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Testate
(gcide) | Testate \Tes"tate\, a. [L. testatus, p. p. of testari. See
Testament.] (Law)
Having made and left a will; as, a person is said to die
testate. --Ayliffe.
[1913 Webster]Testate \Tes"tate\, n. (Law)
One who leaves a valid will at death; a testate person. [R.]
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The fourth estate
(gcide) | Estate \Es*tate"\ ([e^]s*t[=a]t"), n. [OF. estat, F. ['e]tat, L.
status, fr. stare to stand. See Stand, and cf. State.]
1. Settled condition or form of existence; state; condition
or circumstances of life or of any person; situation.
"When I came to man's estate." --Shak.
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Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low
estate. --Romans xii.
16.
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2. Social standing or rank; quality; dignity.
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God hath imprinted his authority in several parts,
upon several estates of men. --Jer. Taylor.
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3. A person of high rank. [Obs.]
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She's a duchess, a great estate. --Latimer.
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Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords,
high captains, and chief estates of Galilee. --Mark
vi. 21.
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4. A property which a person possesses; a fortune;
possessions, esp. property in land; also, property of all
kinds which a person leaves to be divided at his death.
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See what a vast estate he left his son. --Dryden.
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5. The state; the general body politic; the common-wealth;
the general interest; state affairs. [Obs.]
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I call matters of estate not only the parts of
sovereignty, but whatsoever . . . concerneth
manifestly any great portion of people. --Bacon.
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6. pl. The great classes or orders of a community or state
(as the clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty of
England) or their representatives who administer the
government; as, the estates of the realm (England), which
are (1) the lords spiritual, (2) the lords temporal, (3)
the commons.
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7. (Law) The degree, quality, nature, and extent of one's
interest in, or ownership of, lands, tenements, etc.; as,
an estate for life, for years, at will, etc. --Abbott.
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The fourth estate, a name often given to the public press.
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Third estate
(gcide) | Third \Third\ (th[~e]rd), a. [OE. thirde, AS. [thorn]ridda, fr.
[thorn]r[imac], [thorn]re['o], three; akin to D. derde third,
G. dritte, Icel. [thorn]ri[eth]i, Goth. [thorn]ridja, L.
tertius, Gr. tri`tos, Skr. t[.r]t[imac]ya. See Three, and
cf. Riding a jurisdiction, Tierce.]
1. Next after the second; coming after two others; -- the
ordinal of three; as, the third hour in the day. "The
third night." --Chaucer.
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2. Constituting or being one of three equal parts into which
anything is divided; as, the third part of a day.
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Third estate.
(a) In England, the commons, or the commonalty, who are
represented in Parliament by the House of Commons.
(b) In France, the tiers ['e]tat. See Tiers ['e]tat.
Third order (R. C. Ch.), an order attached to a monastic
order, and comprising men and women devoted to a rule of
pious living, called the third rule, by a simple vow if
they remain seculars, and by more solemn vows if they
become regulars. See Tertiary, n., 1.
Third person (Gram.), the person spoken of. See Person,
n., 7.
Third sound. (Mus.) See Third, n., 3.
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estate agent
(wn) | estate agent
n 1: a person who is authorized to act as an agent for the sale
of land; "in England they call a real estate agent a land
agent" [syn: real estate broker, real estate agent,
estate agent, land agent, house agent] |
estate car
(wn) | estate car
n 1: a car that has a long body and rear door with space behind
rear seat [syn: beach wagon, station wagon, wagon,
estate car, beach waggon, station waggon, waggon] |
estate for life
(wn) | estate for life
n 1: (law) an estate whose duration is limited to the life of
the person holding it [syn: life estate, {estate for
life}] |
estate of the realm
(wn) | estate of the realm
n 1: a major social class or order of persons regarded
collectively as part of the body politic of the country
(especially in the United Kingdom) and formerly possessing
distinct political rights [syn: estate of the realm,
estate, the three estates] |
estate tax
(wn) | estate tax
n 1: a tax on the estate of the deceased person [syn:
inheritance tax, estate tax, death tax, death duty] |
estates general
(wn) | Estates General
n 1: assembly of the estates of all France; last meeting in 1789 |
first estate
(wn) | first estate
n 1: the clergy in France and the heads of the church in Britain
[syn: first estate, Lords Spiritual] |
fourth estate
(wn) | fourth estate
n 1: the press, including journalists, newspaper writers,
photographers |
gestate
(wn) | gestate
v 1: have the idea for; "He conceived of a robot that would help
paralyzed patients"; "This library was well conceived"
[syn: gestate, conceive, conceptualize,
conceptualise]
2: be pregnant with; "She is bearing his child"; "The are
expecting another child in January"; "I am carrying his
child" [syn: have a bun in the oven, bear, carry,
gestate, expect] |
gross estate
(wn) | gross estate
n 1: the total valuation of the estate's assets at the time of
the person's death |
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