| slovo | definícia |
figures
(encz) | figures,částky n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
figures
(encz) | figures,čísla n: Zdeněk Brož |
figures
(encz) | figures,číslice n: Zdeněk Brož |
figures
(encz) | figures,figury n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
figures
(encz) | figures,tvary n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
figures
(gcide) | Arabic \Ar"a*bic\, a. [L. Arabicus, fr. Arabia.]
Of or pertaining to Arabia or the Arabians.
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Arabic numerals or figures, the nine digits, 1, 2, 3,
etc., and the cipher 0.
Gum arabic. See under Gum.
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FIGURES
(bouvier) | FIGURES, Numerals. They are either Roman, made with letters of the Alphabet,
for example, MIDCCLXXVI; or they are Arabic, as follows, 1776.
2. Roman figures may be used in contracts and law proceedings, and they
will be held valid; but Arabic figures, probably owing to the case with
which they may be counterfeited, or. altered, have been holden not to be
sufficient to express the sum due on a contract; but, it seems, that if the
amount payable and due on a promissory note be expressed in figures or
ciphers, it will be valid. Story on Bills, Sec. 42, note; Story, Prom.
Notes, Sec. 21. Indictments have been set aside because the day or year was
expressed in figures. 13 Vin Ab. 210; 1 Ch. Rep. 319; S. C. 18 Eng. Com. Law
Rep. 95.
3. Bills of exchange, promissory notes, cheeks and agreements of every
description, are usually dated with Arabic figures; it is, however, better
to date deeds and other formal instruments, by writing the words at length.
Vide l Ch. Cr. L. 176; 1 Verm. R. 336; 5 Toull. n. 336; 4 Yeates, R. 278; 2
John. R. 233; 1 How. Mis. 256; 6 Blackf., 533.
|
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
add to figures
(encz) | add to figures,připočítávat v: Zdeněk Brož |
be quick and accurate at figures
(encz) | be quick and accurate at figures,umět rychle a přesně počítat |
break down figures
(encz) | break down figures,analyzovat údaje [id.] Jaroslav Šedivý |
in round figures
(encz) | in round figures,přibližně [fráz.] Pinoin round figures,zaokrouhleně [fráz.] Pino |
in single figures
(encz) | in single figures,v prostých číslicích [eko.] RNDr. Pavel Piskač |
it figures
(encz) | it figures, |
acoustic figures
(gcide) | Sonorous \So*no"rous\, a. [L. sonorus, fr. sonor, -oris, a
sound, akin to sonus a sound. See Sound.]
1. Giving sound when struck; resonant; as, sonorous metals.
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2. Loud-sounding; giving a clear or loud sound; as, a
sonorous voice.
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3. Yielding sound; characterized by sound; vocal; sonant; as,
the vowels are sonorous.
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4. Impressive in sound; high-sounding.
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The Italian opera, amidst all the meanness and
familiarty of the thoughts, has something beautiful
and sonorous in the expression. --Addison.
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There is nothing of the artificial Johnsonian
balance in his style. It is as often marked by a
pregnant brevity as by a sonorous amplitude. --E.
Everett.
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5. (Med.) Sonant; vibrant; hence, of sounds produced in a
cavity, deep-toned; as, sonorous rhonchi.
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Sonorous figures (Physics), figures formed by the
vibrations of a substance capable of emitting a musical
tone, as when the bow of a violin is drawn along the edge
of a piece of glass or metal on which sand is strewed, and
the sand arranges itself in figures according to the
musical tone. Called also acoustic figures.
Sonorous tumor (Med.), a tumor which emits a clear,
resonant sound on percussion.
[1913 Webster] -- So*no"rous*ly, adv. --
So*no"rous*ness, n.
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Canceled figures
(gcide) | Cancel \Can"cel\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Canceled or Cancelled;
p. pr. & vb. n. Canceling or Cancelling.] [L. cancellare
to make like a lattice, to strike or cross out (cf. Fr.
canceller, OF. canceler) fr. cancelli lattice, crossbars,
dim. of cancer lattice; cf. Gr. ? latticed gate. Cf.
Chancel.]
1. To inclose or surround, as with a railing, or with
latticework. [Obs.]
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A little obscure place canceled in with iron work is
the pillar or stump at which . . . our Savior was
scourged. --Evelyn.
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2. To shut out, as with a railing or with latticework; to
exclude. [Obs.] "Canceled from heaven." --Milton.
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3. To cross and deface, as the lines of a writing, or as a
word or figure; to mark out by a cross line; to blot out
or obliterate.
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A deed may be avoided by delivering it up to be
cancelled; that is, to have lines drawn over it in
the form of latticework or cancelli; though the
phrase is now used figuratively for any manner of
obliterating or defacing it. --Blackstone.
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4. To annul or destroy; to revoke or recall.
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The indentures were canceled. --Thackeray.
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He was unwilling to cancel the interest created
through former secret services, by being refractory
on this occasion. --Sir W.
Scott.
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5. (Print.) To suppress or omit; to strike out, as matter in
type.
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Canceled figures (Print), figures cast with a line across
the face., as for use in arithmetics.
Syn: To blot out; obliterate; deface; erase; efface; expunge;
annul; abolish; revoke; abrogate; repeal; destroy; do
away; set aside. See Abolish.
[1913 Webster]Figure \Fig"ure\ (f[i^]g"[-u]r; 135), n. [F., figure, L. figura;
akin to fingere to form, shape, feign. See Feign.]
1. The form of anything; shape; outline; appearance.
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Flowers have all exquisite figures. --Bacon.
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2. The representation of any form, as by drawing, painting,
modeling, carving, embroidering, etc.; especially, a
representation of the human body; as, a figure in bronze;
a figure cut in marble.
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A coin that bears the figure of an angel. --Shak.
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3. A pattern in cloth, paper, or other manufactured article;
a design wrought out in a fabric; as, the muslin was of a
pretty figure.
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4. (Geom.) A diagram or drawing, made to represent a
magnitude or the relation of two or more magnitudes; a
surface or space inclosed on all sides; -- called
superficial when inclosed by lines, and solid when
inclosed by surfaces; any arrangement made up of points,
lines, angles, surfaces, etc.
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5. The appearance or impression made by the conduct or career
of a person; as, a sorry figure.
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I made some figure there. --Dryden.
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Gentlemen of the best figure in the county.
--Blackstone.
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6. Distinguished appearance; magnificence; conspicuous
representation; splendor; show.
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That he may live in figure and indulgence. --Law.
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7. A character or symbol representing a number; a numeral; a
digit; as, 1, 2,3, etc.
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8. Value, as expressed in numbers; price; as, the goods are
estimated or sold at a low figure. [Colloq.]
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With nineteen thousand a year at the very lowest
figure. --Thackeray.
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9. A person, thing, or action, conceived of as analogous to
another person, thing, or action, of which it thus becomes
a type or representative.
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Who is the figure of Him that was to come. --Rom. v.
14.
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10. (Rhet.) A mode of expressing abstract or immaterial ideas
by words which suggest pictures or images from the
physical world; pictorial language; a trope; hence, any
deviation from the plainest form of statement. Also
called a figure of speech.
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To represent the imagination under the figure of a
wing. --Macaulay.
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11. (Logic) The form of a syllogism with respect to the
relative position of the middle term.
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12. (Dancing) Any one of the several regular steps or
movements made by a dancer.
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13. (Astrol.) A horoscope; the diagram of the aspects of the
astrological houses. --Johnson.
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14. (Music)
(a) Any short succession of notes, either as melody or as
a group of chords, which produce a single complete
and distinct impression. --Grove.
(b) A form of melody or accompaniment kept up through a
strain or passage; a musical phrase or motive; a
florid embellishment.
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Note: Figures are often written upon the staff in music to
denote the kind of measure. They are usually in the
form of a fraction, the upper figure showing how many
notes of the kind indicated by the lower are contained
in one measure or bar. Thus, 2/4 signifies that the
measure contains two quarter notes. The following are
the principal figures used for this purpose: --
2/22/42/8 4/22/44/8 3/23/43/8 6/46/46/8
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Academy figure, Canceled figures, Lay figure, etc. See
under Academy, Cancel, Lay, etc.
Figure caster, or Figure flinger, an astrologer. "This
figure caster." --Milton.
Figure flinging, the practice of astrology.
Figure-of-eight knot, a knot shaped like the figure 8. See
Illust. under Knot.
Figure painting, a picture of the human figure, or the act
or art of depicting the human figure.
Figure stone (Min.), agalmatolite.
Figure weaving, the art or process of weaving figured
fabrics.
To cut a figure, to make a display. [Colloq.] --Sir W.
Scott.
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Congruent figures
(gcide) | Congruent \Con"gru*ent\, a. [L. congruens, p. pr. of congruere:
cf. F. congruent.]
Possessing congruity; suitable; agreeing; corresponding.
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The congruent and harmonious fitting of parts in a
sentence. --B. Jonson.
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Congruent figures (Geom.), concurring figures.
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Etching figures
(gcide) | Etching \Etch"ing\, n.
1. The act, art, or practice of engraving by means of acid
which eats away lines or surfaces left unprotected in
metal, glass, or the like. See Etch, v. t.
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2. A design carried out by means of the above process; a
pattern on metal, glass, etc., produced by etching.
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3. An impression on paper, parchment, or other material,
taken in ink from an etched plate.
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Etching figures (Min.), markings produced on the face of a
crystal by the action of an appropriate solvent. They have
usually a definite form, and are important as revealing
the molecular structure.
Etching needle, a sharp-pointed steel instrument with which
lines are drawn in the ground or varnish in etching.
Etching stitch (Needlework), a stitch used outline
embroidery.
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Interference figures
(gcide) | Interference \In`ter*fer"ence\, n. [See Interfere.]
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1. The act or state of interfering; as, the stoppage of a
machine by the interference of some of its parts; a
meddlesome interference in the business of others.
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2. (Physics) The mutual influence, under certain conditions,
as from streams of light, or pulsations of sound, or,
generally, two waves or vibrations of any kind, producing
certain characteristic phenomena, as colored fringes, dark
bands, or darkness, in the case of light, silence or
increased intensity in sounds; neutralization or
superposition of waves generally.
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Note: The term is most commonly applied to light, and the
undulatory theory of light affords the proper
explanation of the phenomena which are considered to be
produced by the superposition of waves, and are thus
substantially identical in their origin with the
phenomena of heat, sound, waves of water, and the like.
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3. (Patent Law) The act or state of interfering, or of
claiming a right to the same invention.
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Interference figures (Optics), the figures observed when
certain sections of crystallized bodies are viewed in
converging polarized light; thus, a section of a uniaxial
crystal, cut normal to the vertical axis, shows a series
of concentric colored rings with a single black cross; --
so called because produced by the interference of luminous
waves.
Interference fringe. (Optics) See Fringe.
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Inverse figures
(gcide) | Inverse \In*verse"\, a. [L. inversus, p. p. of invertere: cf. F.
inverse. See Invert.]
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1. Opposite in order, relation, or effect; reversed;
inverted; reciprocal; -- opposed to direct.
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2. (Bot.) Inverted; having a position or mode of attachment
the reverse of that which is usual.
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3. (Math.) Opposite in nature and effect; -- said with
reference to any two operations, which, when both are
performed in succession upon any quantity, reproduce that
quantity; as, multiplication is the inverse operation to
division. The symbol of an inverse operation is the symbol
of the direct operation with -1 as an index. Thus sin-1 x
means the arc or angle whose sine is x.
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Inverse figures (Geom.), two figures, such that each point
of either figure is inverse to a corresponding point in
the order figure.
Inverse points (Geom.), two points lying on a line drawn
from the center of a fixed circle or sphere, and so
related that the product of their distances from the
center of the circle or sphere is equal to the square of
the radius.
Inverse ratio, or Reciprocal ratio (Math.), the ratio of
the reciprocals of two quantities.
Inverse proportion, or Reciprocal proportion, an equality
between a direct ratio and a reciprocal ratio; thus, 4 : 2
: : 1/3 : 1/6, or 4 : 2 : : 3 : 6, inversely.
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Like figures
(gcide) | Like \Like\ (l[imac]k), a. [Compar. Liker (l[imac]k"[~e]r);
superl. Likest.] [OE. lik, ilik, gelic, AS. gel[imac]c, fr.
pref. ge- + l[imac]c body, and orig. meaning, having the same
body, shape, or appearance, and hence, like; akin to OS.
gil[imac]k, D. gelijk, G. gleich, OHG. gil[imac]h, Icel.
l[imac]kr, gl[imac]kr, Dan. lig, Sw. lik, Goth. galeiks, OS.
lik body, D. lijk, G. leiche, Icel. l[imac]k, Sw. lik, Goth.
leik. The English adverbial ending-ly is from the same
adjective. Cf. Each, Such, Which.]
1. Having the same, or nearly the same, appearance,
qualities, or characteristics; resembling; similar to;
similar; alike; -- often with in and the particulars of
the resemblance; as, they are like each other in features,
complexion, and many traits of character.
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'T is as like you
As cherry is to cherry. --Shak.
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Like master, like man. --Old Prov.
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He giveth snow like wool; he scattereth the
hoar-frost like ashes. --Ps. cxlvii.
16.
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Note: To, which formerly often followed like, is now usually
omitted.
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2. Equal, or nearly equal; as, fields of like extent.
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More clergymen were impoverished by the late war
than ever in the like space before. --Sprat.
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3. Having probability; affording probability; probable;
likely.
Usage: [Likely is more used now.] --Shak.
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But it is like the jolly world about us will
scoff at the paradox of these practices.
--South.
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Many were not easy to be governed, nor like to
conform themselves to strict rules. --Clarendon.
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4. Inclined toward; disposed to; as, to feel like taking a
walk.
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Had like (followed by the infinitive), had nearly; came
little short of.
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Had like to have been my utter overthrow. --Sir W.
Raleigh
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Ramona had like to have said the literal truth, . .
. but recollected herself in time. --Mrs. H. H.
Jackson.
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Like figures (Geom.), similar figures.
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Note: Like is used as a suffix, converting nouns into
adjectives expressing resemblance to the noun; as,
manlike, like a man; childlike, like a child; godlike,
like a god, etc. Such compounds are readily formed
whenever convenient, and several, as crescentlike,
serpentlike, hairlike, etc., are used in this book,
although, in some cases, not entered in the vocabulary.
Such combinations as bell-like, ball-like, etc., are
hyphened.
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Reciprocal figures
(gcide) | Reciprocal \Re*cip"ro*cal\ (r[-e]*s[i^]p"r[-o]*kal), a. [L.
reciprocus; of unknown origin.]
1. Recurring in vicissitude; alternate.
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2. Done by each to the other; interchanging or interchanged;
given and received; due from each to each; mutual; as,
reciprocal love; reciprocal duties.
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Let our reciprocal vows be remembered. --Shak.
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3. Mutually interchangeable.
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These two rules will render a definition reciprocal
with the thing defined. --I. Watts.
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4. (Gram.) Reflexive; -- applied to pronouns and verbs, but
sometimes limited to such pronouns as express mutual
action.
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5. (Math.) Used to denote different kinds of mutual relation;
often with reference to the substitution of reciprocals
for given quantities. See the Phrases below.
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Reciprocal equation (Math.), one which remains unchanged in
form when the reciprocal of the unknown quantity is
substituted for that quantity.
Reciprocal figures (Geom.), two figures of the same kind
(as triangles, parallelograms, prisms, etc.), so related
that two sides of the one form the extremes of a
proportion of which the means are the two corresponding
sides of the other; in general, two figures so related
that the first corresponds in some special way to the
second, and the second corresponds in the same way to the
first.
Reciprocal proportion (Math.), a proportion such that, of
four terms taken in order, the first has to the second the
same ratio which the fourth has to the third, or the first
has to the second the same ratio which the reciprocal of
the third has to the reciprocal of the fourth. Thus, 2:5:
:20:8 form a reciprocal proportion, because 2:5:
:1/20:1/8.
Reciprocal quantities (Math.), any two quantities which
produce unity when multiplied together.
Reciprocal ratio (Math.), the ratio between the reciprocals
of two quantities; as, the reciprocal ratio of 4 to 9 is
that of 1/4 to [frac19].
Reciprocal terms (Logic), those terms which have the same
signification, and, consequently, are convertible, and may
be used for each other.
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Syn: Mutual; alternate.
Usage: Reciprocal, Mutual. The distinctive idea of mutual
is, that the parties unite by interchange in the same
act; as, a mutual covenant; mutual affection, etc. The
distinctive idea of reciprocal is, that one party acts
by way of return or response to something previously
done by the other party; as, a reciprocal kindness;
reciprocal reproaches, etc. Love is reciprocal when
the previous affection of one party has drawn forth
the attachment of the other. To make it mutual in the
strictest sense, the two parties should have fallen in
love at the same time; but as the result is the same,
the two words are here used interchangeably. The
ebbing and flowing of the tide is a case where the
action is reciprocal, but not mutual.
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Roric figures
(gcide) | Roric \Ro"ric\, a. [L. ros, roris, dew.]
Of or pertaining to dew; resembling dew; dewy.
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Roric figures (Physics), figures which appear upon a
polished surface, as glass, when objects which have been
near to, or in contact with, the surface are removed and
the surface breathed upon; -- called also {Moser's
images}.
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Significant figures
(gcide) | Significant \Sig*nif"i*cant\, a. [L. significans, -antis, p. pr.
of significare. See Signify.]
1. Fitted or designed to signify or make known something
having a meaning; standing as a sign or token; expressive
or suggestive; as, a significant word or sound; a
significant look.
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It was well said of Plotinus, that the stars were
significant, but not efficient. --Sir W.
Raleigh.
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2. Deserving to be considered; important; momentous; as, a
significant event.
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Significant figures (Arith.), the figures which remain to
any number, or decimal fraction, after the ciphers at the
right or left are canceled. Thus, the significant figures
of 25,000, or of .0025, are 25.
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Similar figures
(gcide) | Similar \Sim"i*lar\, a. [F. similaire, fr. L. similis like,
similar. See Same, a., and cf. Simulate.]
1. Exactly corresponding; resembling in all respects;
precisely like.
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2. Nearly corresponding; resembling in many respects;
somewhat like; having a general likeness.
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3. Homogenous; uniform. [R.] --Boyle.
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Similar figures (Geom.), figures which differ from each
other only in magnitude, being made up of the same number
of like parts similarly situated.
Similar rectilineal figures, such as have their several
angles respectively equal, each to each, and their sides
about the equal angles proportional.
Similar solids, such as are contained by the same number of
similar planes, similarly situated, and having like
inclination to one another.
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Similar rectilineal figures
(gcide) | Similar \Sim"i*lar\, a. [F. similaire, fr. L. similis like,
similar. See Same, a., and cf. Simulate.]
1. Exactly corresponding; resembling in all respects;
precisely like.
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2. Nearly corresponding; resembling in many respects;
somewhat like; having a general likeness.
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3. Homogenous; uniform. [R.] --Boyle.
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Similar figures (Geom.), figures which differ from each
other only in magnitude, being made up of the same number
of like parts similarly situated.
Similar rectilineal figures, such as have their several
angles respectively equal, each to each, and their sides
about the equal angles proportional.
Similar solids, such as are contained by the same number of
similar planes, similarly situated, and having like
inclination to one another.
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Sonorous figures
(gcide) | Sonorous \So*no"rous\, a. [L. sonorus, fr. sonor, -oris, a
sound, akin to sonus a sound. See Sound.]
1. Giving sound when struck; resonant; as, sonorous metals.
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2. Loud-sounding; giving a clear or loud sound; as, a
sonorous voice.
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3. Yielding sound; characterized by sound; vocal; sonant; as,
the vowels are sonorous.
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4. Impressive in sound; high-sounding.
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The Italian opera, amidst all the meanness and
familiarty of the thoughts, has something beautiful
and sonorous in the expression. --Addison.
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There is nothing of the artificial Johnsonian
balance in his style. It is as often marked by a
pregnant brevity as by a sonorous amplitude. --E.
Everett.
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5. (Med.) Sonant; vibrant; hence, of sounds produced in a
cavity, deep-toned; as, sonorous rhonchi.
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Sonorous figures (Physics), figures formed by the
vibrations of a substance capable of emitting a musical
tone, as when the bow of a violin is drawn along the edge
of a piece of glass or metal on which sand is strewed, and
the sand arranges itself in figures according to the
musical tone. Called also acoustic figures.
Sonorous tumor (Med.), a tumor which emits a clear,
resonant sound on percussion.
[1913 Webster] -- So*no"rous*ly, adv. --
So*no"rous*ness, n.
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Widmanstaumtten figures
(gcide) | Widmanstaumtten figures \Wid"man*st[aum]t`ten fig"ures\ (Min.)
Certain figures appearing on etched meteoric iron; -- so
called after A. B. Widmanst[aum]tten, of Vienna, who first
described them in 1808. See the Note and Illust. under
Meteorite.
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FIGURES
(bouvier) | FIGURES, Numerals. They are either Roman, made with letters of the Alphabet,
for example, MIDCCLXXVI; or they are Arabic, as follows, 1776.
2. Roman figures may be used in contracts and law proceedings, and they
will be held valid; but Arabic figures, probably owing to the case with
which they may be counterfeited, or. altered, have been holden not to be
sufficient to express the sum due on a contract; but, it seems, that if the
amount payable and due on a promissory note be expressed in figures or
ciphers, it will be valid. Story on Bills, Sec. 42, note; Story, Prom.
Notes, Sec. 21. Indictments have been set aside because the day or year was
expressed in figures. 13 Vin Ab. 210; 1 Ch. Rep. 319; S. C. 18 Eng. Com. Law
Rep. 95.
3. Bills of exchange, promissory notes, cheeks and agreements of every
description, are usually dated with Arabic figures; it is, however, better
to date deeds and other formal instruments, by writing the words at length.
Vide l Ch. Cr. L. 176; 1 Verm. R. 336; 5 Toull. n. 336; 4 Yeates, R. 278; 2
John. R. 233; 1 How. Mis. 256; 6 Blackf., 533.
|
FIGURES OF SPEEC
(bouvier) | FIGURES OF SPEECH. By figures of speech is meant that manner of speaking or
writing, which has for its object to give to our sentiments and, thoughts a
greater force, more vivacity and agreeableness.
2. This subject belongs more particularly to grammar and rhetoric, but
the law has its figures also. Sometimes fictions come in aid of language,
when found insufficient by the law; language, in its turn, by means of
tropes and figures, sometimes lends to fictions a veil behind which they are
hidden; sometimes the same denominations are preserved to things which have
ceased to be the same, and which have been changed; at other times they lend
to things denominations which supposed them to have been modified.
3. In this immense subject, it will not be expected that examples
should be here given of every kind of figures; the principal only will be
noticed. The law is loaded with abstract ideas; abstract in itself, it has
often recourse to metaphors, which, as it were, touch our senses. The
inventory is faithful, a defect is covered, an account is liquidated, a
right is open or closed, an obligation is extinguished, &c. But the law has
metaphors which are properly its own; as civil fruits, &c. The state or
condition of a man who has been deprived by the law of almost all his social
prerogatives or rights, has received the metaphorical name of civil death.
Churches being called the houses of God, formerly were considered an asylum,
because to seize a person in the house of another was considered a wrong.
Mother country, is applied to the country from which people emigrate to a
colony; though this pretended analogy is very different in many points, yet
this external ornament of the idea soon became an integral part of the idea;
and on the faith of this metaphor, this pretended filiation became the
source whence flowed the duties which bound the colonies to the metropolis
or mother country.
4. In public speaking, the use of figures, when natural and properly
selected, is of great force; such Ornaments impress upon the mind of the
bearers the ideas which the speaker desires to convey, fix their attention
and disposes them to consider favorably the subject of inquiry. See 3 Bouv.
Inst. n. 3243.
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