| slovo | definícia |
insanity
(encz) | insanity,bláznovství Zdeněk Brož |
insanity
(encz) | insanity,nepříčetnost n: Zdeněk Brož |
insanity
(encz) | insanity,šílenost Zdeněk Brož |
insanity
(encz) | insanity,šílenství n: Zdeněk Brož |
Insanity
(gcide) | Insanity \In*san"i*ty\, n. [L. insanitas unsoundness; cf.
insania insanity, F. insanite.]
1. The state of being insane; unsoundness or derangement of
mind; madness; lunacy.
[1913 Webster]
All power of fancy over reason is a degree of
insanity. --Johnson.
[1913 Webster]
Without grace
The heart's insanity admits no cure. --Cowper.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Law) Such a mental condition, as, either from the
existence of delusions, or from incapacity to distinguish
between right and wrong, with regard to any matter under
action, does away with individual responsibility.
Syn: Insanity, Lunacy, Madness, Derangement,
Alienation, Aberration, Mania, Delirium,
Frenzy, Monomania, Dementia.
Usage: Insanity is the generic term for all such diseases;
lunacy has now an equal extent of meaning, though once
used to denote periodical insanity; madness has the
same extent, though originally referring to the rage
created by the disease; derangement, alienation, are
popular terms for insanity; delirium, mania, and
frenzy denote excited states of the disease; dementia
denotes the loss of mental power by this means;
monomania is insanity upon a single subject.
[1913 Webster] |
insanity
(wn) | insanity
n 1: relatively permanent disorder of the mind [ant: saneness,
sanity] |
INSANITY
(bouvier) | INSANITY, med. jur. A continued impetuosity of thought, which, for the time
being, totally unfits a man for judging and acting in relation to the matter
in question, with the composure requisite for the maintenance of the social
relations of life. Various other definitions of this state have been given,
but perhaps the subject is not susceptible of any satisfactory definition,
which shall, with, precision, include all cases of insanity, and exclude all
others. Ray, Med. Jur. Sec. 24, p. 50.
2. It may be considered in a threefold point of view: 1. A chronic
disease, manifested by deviations from the healthy and natural state of the
mind, such deviations consisting in a morbid perversion of the feelings,
affections and habits. 2. Disturbances of the intellectual faculties, under
the influence of which the understanding becomes susceptible of
hallucinations or erroneous. impressions of a particular kind. 3. A state of
mental incoherence or constant hurry and confusion of thought. Cyclo.
Practical Medicine, h. t.; Brewster's Encyclopaedia, h. t.; Observations on
the Deranged Manifestations of the Mind, or Insanity, 71, 72; Merl. Rpert.
mots Demenoe, Folie, Imbecilite; 6 Watts & Serg. 451.
3. The diseases included under the name of insanity have been arranged
under two divisions, founded on two very different conditions of the brain.
Ray, Med. Jur. ch. 1, Sec. 33.
4.-1. The want of, or a defective development of the faculties. 1st.
Idiocy, resulting from, 1. Congenital defect. 2. An obstacle to the
development of the faculties, supervening in infancy. 2d. Imbecility,
resulting from, 1. Congenital defects. 2. An obstacle to the development of
the faculties, supervening in infancy.
5.-2. The lesion of the faculties subsequent to their development. In
this division may be classed, 1st. Mania, which is, 1. Intellectual, and is
general or partial. 2. Affective and is general or, partial. 2d. Dementia,
which is, 1. Consecutive to mania, or injuries of the brain. 2. Senile, or
peculiar to old age.
6.-There is also a disease which has acquired the name of Moral
insanity. (q. v.)
7. Insanity is an excuse for the commission of acts which in others
would be crimes, because the insane man has no intention; it deprives a man
also from entering into any valid contract. Vide Lunacy; Non compos mentis,
and Stock on the Law of Non Compotes Mentis; 1 Hagg. Cons. R. 417; 3 Addams,
R. 90, 91, 180, 181; 3 Hagg. Eccl. R. 545, 598, 600; 2 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 369,
374; Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t.
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| | podobné slovo | definícia |
insanity plea
(encz) | insanity plea, n: |
plea of insanity
(encz) | plea of insanity, n: |
Insanity
(gcide) | Insanity \In*san"i*ty\, n. [L. insanitas unsoundness; cf.
insania insanity, F. insanite.]
1. The state of being insane; unsoundness or derangement of
mind; madness; lunacy.
[1913 Webster]
All power of fancy over reason is a degree of
insanity. --Johnson.
[1913 Webster]
Without grace
The heart's insanity admits no cure. --Cowper.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Law) Such a mental condition, as, either from the
existence of delusions, or from incapacity to distinguish
between right and wrong, with regard to any matter under
action, does away with individual responsibility.
Syn: Insanity, Lunacy, Madness, Derangement,
Alienation, Aberration, Mania, Delirium,
Frenzy, Monomania, Dementia.
Usage: Insanity is the generic term for all such diseases;
lunacy has now an equal extent of meaning, though once
used to denote periodical insanity; madness has the
same extent, though originally referring to the rage
created by the disease; derangement, alienation, are
popular terms for insanity; delirium, mania, and
frenzy denote excited states of the disease; dementia
denotes the loss of mental power by this means;
monomania is insanity upon a single subject.
[1913 Webster] |
Moral insanity
(gcide) | Moral \Mor"al\, a. [F., fr. It. moralis, fr. mos, moris, manner,
custom, habit, way of life, conduct.]
1. Relating to duty or obligation; pertaining to those
intentions and actions of which right and wrong, virtue
and vice, are predicated, or to the rules by which such
intentions and actions ought to be directed; relating to
the practice, manners, or conduct of men as social beings
in relation to each other, as respects right and wrong, so
far as they are properly subject to rules.
[1913 Webster]
Keep at the least within the compass of moral
actions, which have in them vice or virtue.
--Hooker.
[1913 Webster]
Mankind is broken loose from moral bands. --Dryden.
[1913 Webster]
She had wandered without rule or guidance in a moral
wilderness. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Conformed to accepted rules of right; acting in conformity
with such rules; virtuous; just; as, a moral man. Used
sometimes in distinction from religious; as, a moral
rather than a religious life.
[1913 Webster]
The wiser and more moral part of mankind. --Sir M.
Hale.
[1913 Webster]
3. Capable of right and wrong action or of being governed by
a sense of right; subject to the law of duty.
[1913 Webster]
A moral agent is a being capable of those actions
that have a moral quality, and which can properly be
denominated good or evil in a moral sense. --J.
Edwards.
[1913 Webster]
4. Acting upon or through one's moral nature or sense of
right, or suited to act in such a manner; as, a moral
arguments; moral considerations. Sometimes opposed to
material and physical; as, moral pressure or support.
[1913 Webster]
5. Supported by reason or probability; practically
sufficient; -- opposed to legal or demonstrable; as, a
moral evidence; a moral certainty.
[1913 Webster]
6. Serving to teach or convey a moral; as, a moral lesson;
moral tales.
[1913 Webster]
Moral agent, a being who is capable of acting with
reference to right and wrong.
Moral certainty, a very high degree or probability,
although not demonstrable as a certainty; a probability of
so high a degree that it can be confidently acted upon in
the affairs of life; as, there is a moral certainty of his
guilt.
Moral insanity, insanity, so called, of the moral system;
badness alleged to be irresponsible.
Moral philosophy, the science of duty; the science which
treats of the nature and condition of man as a moral
being, of the duties which result from his moral
relations, and the reasons on which they are founded.
Moral play, an allegorical play; a morality. [Obs.]
Moral sense, the power of moral judgment and feeling; the
capacity to perceive what is right or wrong in moral
conduct, and to approve or disapprove, independently of
education or the knowledge of any positive rule or law.
Moral theology, theology applied to morals; practical
theology; casuistry.
[1913 Webster] |
insanity plea
(wn) | insanity plea
n 1: (criminal law) a plea in which the defendant claims
innocence due to mental incompetence at the time [syn:
insanity plea, plea of insanity] |
plea of insanity
(wn) | plea of insanity
n 1: (criminal law) a plea in which the defendant claims
innocence due to mental incompetence at the time [syn:
insanity plea, plea of insanity] |
INSANITY
(bouvier) | INSANITY, med. jur. A continued impetuosity of thought, which, for the time
being, totally unfits a man for judging and acting in relation to the matter
in question, with the composure requisite for the maintenance of the social
relations of life. Various other definitions of this state have been given,
but perhaps the subject is not susceptible of any satisfactory definition,
which shall, with, precision, include all cases of insanity, and exclude all
others. Ray, Med. Jur. Sec. 24, p. 50.
2. It may be considered in a threefold point of view: 1. A chronic
disease, manifested by deviations from the healthy and natural state of the
mind, such deviations consisting in a morbid perversion of the feelings,
affections and habits. 2. Disturbances of the intellectual faculties, under
the influence of which the understanding becomes susceptible of
hallucinations or erroneous. impressions of a particular kind. 3. A state of
mental incoherence or constant hurry and confusion of thought. Cyclo.
Practical Medicine, h. t.; Brewster's Encyclopaedia, h. t.; Observations on
the Deranged Manifestations of the Mind, or Insanity, 71, 72; Merl. Rpert.
mots Demenoe, Folie, Imbecilite; 6 Watts & Serg. 451.
3. The diseases included under the name of insanity have been arranged
under two divisions, founded on two very different conditions of the brain.
Ray, Med. Jur. ch. 1, Sec. 33.
4.-1. The want of, or a defective development of the faculties. 1st.
Idiocy, resulting from, 1. Congenital defect. 2. An obstacle to the
development of the faculties, supervening in infancy. 2d. Imbecility,
resulting from, 1. Congenital defects. 2. An obstacle to the development of
the faculties, supervening in infancy.
5.-2. The lesion of the faculties subsequent to their development. In
this division may be classed, 1st. Mania, which is, 1. Intellectual, and is
general or partial. 2. Affective and is general or, partial. 2d. Dementia,
which is, 1. Consecutive to mania, or injuries of the brain. 2. Senile, or
peculiar to old age.
6.-There is also a disease which has acquired the name of Moral
insanity. (q. v.)
7. Insanity is an excuse for the commission of acts which in others
would be crimes, because the insane man has no intention; it deprives a man
also from entering into any valid contract. Vide Lunacy; Non compos mentis,
and Stock on the Law of Non Compotes Mentis; 1 Hagg. Cons. R. 417; 3 Addams,
R. 90, 91, 180, 181; 3 Hagg. Eccl. R. 545, 598, 600; 2 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 369,
374; Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t.
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MORAL INSANITY
(bouvier) | MORAL INSANITY, med. jur. A term used by medical men, which has not yet
acquired much reputation in the courts. Moral insanity is said to consist in
a morbid perversion of the moral feelings, affections, inclinations, temper,
habits, and moral dispositions, without any notable lesion of the intellect,
or knowing and reasoning faculties, and particularly without any maniacal
hallucination. Prichard, art. Insanity, in Cyclopaedia of Practical Medicine
2. It is contended that some human beings exist, who, in consequence of
a deficiency in the moral organs, are as blind to the dictates of justice,
as others are deaf to melody. Combe, Moral Philosophy, Lect. 12.
3. In some, this species of malady is said to display itself in an
irresistible propensity to commit murder; in others, to commit theft, or
arson. Though most persons afflicted with this malady commit such crimes,
there are others whose disease is manifest in nothing but irascibility.
Annals D'Hygiene tom. i. p. 284. Many are subjected to melancholy, and
dejection, without any delusion or illusion. This, perhaps without full
consideration, has been judicially declared to be a "groundless theory." The
courts, and law writers, have not given it their full assent. 1 Chit. Med.
Jur. 352; 1 Beck, Med. Jur. 553 Ray, Med. Jur. Prel. Views, Sec. 23, p. 49.
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