| slovo | definícia |
Officinal
(gcide) | Officinal \Of*fic"i*nal\, a. [F., fr. L. officina a workshop,
contr. fr. opificina, fr. opifex a workman; opus work +
facere to make or do.]
1. Used in a shop, or belonging to it. [Obs. or R.]
--Johnson.
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2. (Pharm.) Kept in stock by apothecaries; -- said of such
drugs and medicines as may be obtained without special
preparation or compounding; not magistral.
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Note: This term is often interchanged with official, but in
strict use officinal drugs are not necessarily
official. See Official, a., 3.
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| | podobné slovo | definícia |
Alliaria officinalis
(gcide) | Garlic \Gar"lic\, n. [OE. garlek, AS. g[=a]rle['a]c; gar spear,
lance + le['a]c leek. See Gar, n., and Leek.]
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Allium (A. sativum is the
cultivated variety), having a bulbous root, a very strong
smell, and an acrid, pungent taste. Each root is composed
of several lesser bulbs, called cloves of garlic, inclosed
in a common membranous coat, and easily separable.
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2. A kind of jig or farce. [Obs.] --Taylor (1630).
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Garlic mustard, a European plant of the Mustard family
(Alliaria officinalis) which has a strong smell of
garlic.
Garlic pear tree, a tree in Jamaica ({Crat[ae]va
gynandra}), bearing a fruit which has a strong scent of
garlic, and a burning taste.
[1913 Webster]Jack \Jack\ (j[a^]k), n. [F. Jacques James, L. Jacobus, Gr. ?,
Heb. Ya 'aq[=o]b Jacob; prop., seizing by the heel; hence, a
supplanter. Cf. Jacobite, Jockey.]
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1. A familiar nickname of, or substitute for, John.
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You are John Rugby, and you are Jack Rugby. --Shak.
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2. An impertinent or silly fellow; a simpleton; a boor; a
clown; also, a servant; a rustic. "Jack fool." --Chaucer.
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Since every Jack became a gentleman,
There 's many a gentle person made a Jack. --Shak.
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3. A popular colloquial name for a sailor; -- called also
Jack tar, and Jack afloat.
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4. A mechanical contrivance, an auxiliary machine, or a
subordinate part of a machine, rendering convenient
service, and often supplying the place of a boy or
attendant who was commonly called Jack; as:
(a) A device to pull off boots.
(b) A sawhorse or sawbuck.
(c) A machine or contrivance for turning a spit; a smoke
jack, or kitchen jack.
(b) (Mining) A wooden wedge for separating rocks rent by
blasting.
(e) (Knitting Machine) A lever for depressing the sinkers
which push the loops down on the needles.
(f) (Warping Machine) A grating to separate and guide the
threads; a heck box.
(g) (Spinning) A machine for twisting the sliver as it
leaves the carding machine.
(h) A compact, portable machine for planing metal.
(i) A machine for slicking or pebbling leather.
(k) A system of gearing driven by a horse power, for
multiplying speed.
(l) A hood or other device placed over a chimney or vent
pipe, to prevent a back draught.
(m) In the harpsichord, an intermediate piece
communicating the action of the key to the quill; --
called also hopper.
(n) In hunting, the pan or frame holding the fuel of the
torch used to attract game at night; also, the light
itself. --C. Hallock.
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5. A portable machine variously constructed, for exerting
great pressure, or lifting or moving a heavy body such as
an automobile through a small distance. It consists of a
lever, screw, rack and pinion, hydraulic press, or any
simple combination of mechanical powers, working in a
compact pedestal or support and operated by a lever,
crank, capstan bar, etc. The name is often given to a
jackscrew, which is a kind of jack.
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6. The small bowl used as a mark in the game of bowls.
--Shak.
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Like an uninstructed bowler who thinks to attain the
jack by delivering his bowl straight forward upon
it. --Sir W.
Scott.
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7. The male of certain animals, as of the ass.
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8. (Zool.)
(a) A young pike; a pickerel.
(b) The jurel.
(c) A large, California rock fish ({Sebastodes
paucispinus}); -- called also boccaccio, and
m['e]rou.
(d) The wall-eyed pike.
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9. A drinking measure holding half a pint; also, one holding
a quarter of a pint. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell.
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10. (Naut.)
(a) A flag, containing only the union, without the fly,
usually hoisted on a jack staff at the bowsprit cap;
-- called also union jack. The American jack is a
small blue flag, with a star for each State.
(b) A bar of iron athwart ships at a topgallant masthead,
to support a royal mast, and give spread to the royal
shrouds; -- called also jack crosstree. --R. H.
Dana, Jr.
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11. The knave of a suit of playing cards.
12. (pl.) A game played with small (metallic, with
tetrahedrally oriented spikes) objects (the jacks(1950+),
formerly jackstones) that are tossed, caught, picked up,
and arranged on a horizontal surface in various patterns;
in the modern American game, the movements are
accompanied by tossing or bouncing a rubber ball on the
horizontal surface supporting the jacks. same as
jackstones.
[PJC]
13. Money. [slang]
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14. Apple jack.
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15. Brandy.
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Note: Jack is used adjectively in various senses. It
sometimes designates something cut short or diminished
in size; as, a jack timber; a jack rafter; a jack arch,
etc.
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Jack arch, an arch of the thickness of one brick.
Jack back (Brewing & Malt Vinegar Manuf.), a cistern which
receives the wort. See under 1st Back.
Jack block (Naut.), a block fixed in the topgallant or
royal rigging, used for raising and lowering light masts
and spars.
Jack boots, boots reaching above the knee; -- worn in the
17 century by soldiers; afterwards by fishermen, etc.
Jack crosstree. (Naut.) See 10, b, above.
Jack curlew (Zool.), the whimbrel.
Jack frame. (Cotton Spinning) See 4
(g), above.
Jack Frost, frost or cold weather personified as a
mischievous person.
Jack hare, a male hare. --Cowper.
Jack lamp, a lamp for still hunting and camp use. See def.
4
(n.), above.
Jack plane, a joiner's plane used for coarse work.
Jack post, one of the posts which support the crank shaft
of a deep-well-boring apparatus.
Jack pot (Poker Playing), the name given to the stakes,
contributions to which are made by each player
successively, till such a hand is turned as shall take the
"pot," which is the sum total of all the bets. See also
jackpot.
Jack rabbit (Zool.), any one of several species of large
American hares, having very large ears and long legs. The
California species (Lepus Californicus), and that of
Texas and New Mexico (Lepus callotis), have the tail
black above, and the ears black at the tip. They do not
become white in winter. The more northern prairie hare
(Lepus campestris) has the upper side of the tail white,
and in winter its fur becomes nearly white.
Jack rafter (Arch.), in England, one of the shorter rafters
used in constructing a hip or valley roof; in the United
States, any secondary roof timber, as the common rafters
resting on purlins in a trussed roof; also, one of the
pieces simulating extended rafters, used under the eaves
in some styles of building.
Jack salmon (Zool.), the wall-eyed pike, or glasseye.
Jack sauce, an impudent fellow. [Colloq. & Obs.]
Jack shaft (Mach.), the first intermediate shaft, in a
factory or mill, which receives power, through belts or
gearing, from a prime mover, and transmits it, by the same
means, to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft.
Jack sinker (Knitting Mach.), a thin iron plate operated by
the jack to depress the loop of thread between two
needles.
Jack snipe. (Zool.) See in the Vocabulary.
Jack staff (Naut.), a staff fixed on the bowsprit cap, upon
which the jack is hoisted.
Jack timber (Arch.), any timber, as a rafter, rib, or
studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the
others.
Jack towel, a towel hung on a roller for common use.
Jack truss (Arch.), in a hip roof, a minor truss used where
the roof has not its full section.
Jack tree. (Bot.) See 1st Jack, n.
Jack yard (Naut.), a short spar to extend a topsail beyond
the gaff.
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Blue jack, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper.
Hydraulic jack, a jack used for lifting, pulling, or
forcing, consisting of a compact portable hydrostatic
press, with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply
of liquid, as oil.
Jack-at-a-pinch.
(a) One called upon to take the place of another in an
emergency.
(b) An itinerant parson who conducts an occasional
service for a fee.
Jack-at-all-trades, one who can turn his hand to any kind
of work.
Jack-by-the-hedge (Bot.), a plant of the genus Erysimum
(Erysimum alliaria, or Alliaria officinalis), which
grows under hedges. It bears a white flower and has a
taste not unlike garlic. Called also, in England,
sauce-alone. --Eng. Cyc.
Jack-in-office, an insolent fellow in authority. --Wolcott.
Jack-in-the-bush (Bot.), a tropical shrub with red fruit
(Cordia Cylindrostachya).
Jack-in-the-green, a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework
of boughs, carried in Mayday processions.
Jack-of-the-buttery (Bot.), the stonecrop (Sedum acre).
Jack-of-the-clock, a figure, usually of a man, on old
clocks, which struck the time on the bell.
Jack-on-both-sides, one who is or tries to be neutral.
Jack-out-of-office, one who has been in office and is
turned out. --Shak.
Jack the Giant Killer, the hero of a well-known nursery
story.
Yellow Jack (Naut.), the yellow fever; also, the quarantine
flag. See Yellow flag, under Flag.
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Althaea officinalis
(gcide) | Marsh \Marsh\, n. [OE. mersch, AS. mersc, fr. mere lake. See
Mere pool, and cf. Marish, Morass.]
A tract of soft wet land, commonly covered partially or
wholly with water; a fen; a swamp; a morass. [Written also
marish.]
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Marsh asphodel (Bot.), a plant (Nartheeium ossifragum)
with linear equitant leaves, and a raceme of small white
flowers; -- called also bog asphodel.
Marsh cinquefoil (Bot.), a plant (Potentilla palustris)
having purple flowers, and found growing in marshy places;
marsh five-finger.
Marsh elder. (Bot.)
(a) The guelder-rose or cranberry tree (Viburnum Opulus).
(b) In the United States, a composite shrub growing in salt
marshes (Iva frutescens).
Marsh five-finger. (Bot.) See Marsh cinquefoil (above).
Marsh gas. (Chem.) See under Gas.
Marsh grass (Bot.), a genus (Spartina) of coarse grasses
growing in marshes; -- called also cord grass. The tall
Spartina cynosuroides is not good for hay unless cut
very young. The low Spartina juncea is a common
component of salt hay.
Marsh harrier (Zool.), a European hawk or harrier ({Circus
aeruginosus}); -- called also marsh hawk, moor hawk,
moor buzzard, puttock.
Marsh hawk. (Zool.)
(a) A hawk or harrier (Circus cyaneus), native of both
America and Europe. The adults are bluish slate above,
with a white rump. Called also hen harrier, and {mouse
hawk}.
(b) The marsh harrier.
Marsh hen (Zool.), a rail; esp., Rallus elegans of
fresh-water marshes, and Rallus longirostris of
salt-water marshes.
Marsh mallow (Bot.), a plant of the genus Althaea (
Althaea officinalis) common in marshes near the
seashore, and whose root is much used in medicine as a
demulcent.
Marsh marigold. (Bot.) See in the Vocabulary.
Marsh pennywort (Bot.), any plant of the umbelliferous
genus Hydrocotyle; low herbs with roundish leaves,
growing in wet places; -- called also water pennywort.
Marsh quail (Zool.), the meadow lark.
Marsh rosemary (Bot.), a plant of the genus Statice
(Statice Limonium), common in salt marshes. Its root is
powerfully astringent, and is sometimes used in medicine.
Called also sea lavender.
Marsh samphire (Bot.), a plant (Salicornia herbacea)
found along seacoasts. See Glasswort.
Marsh St. John's-wort (Bot.), an American herb ({Elodes
Virginica}) with small opposite leaves and flesh-colored
flowers.
Marsh tea. (Bot.). Same as Labrador tea.
Marsh trefoil. (Bot.) Same as Buckbean.
Marsh wren (Zool.), any species of small American wrens of
the genus Cistothorus, and allied genera. They chiefly
inhabit salt marshes.
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Anchusa officinalis
(gcide) | oxtongue \ox"tongue`\, ox-tongue \ox"-tongue`\, n. (Bot.)
A widespread European weed (Picris echioides formerly
Helminthia echioides) with spiny tongue-shaped leaves and
yellow flowers. The name is applied to several plants, from
the shape and roughness of their leaves; as, {Anchusa
officinalis}, a kind of bugloss, and Helminthia echioides,
both European herbs. It has been naturalized in the U. S.
Syn: bristly oxtongue, prickly oxtongue, bitterweed, bugloss.
[1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]Alkanet \Al"ka*net\ ([a^]l"k[.a]*n[e^]t), n. [Dim. of Sp.
alcana, alhe[~n]a, in which al is the Ar. article. See
Henna, and cf. Orchanet.]
1. (Chem.) A dyeing matter extracted from the roots of
Alkanna tinctoria, which gives a fine deep red color.
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2. (Bot.)
(a) A boraginaceous herb (Alkanna tinctoria) yielding
the dye; orchanet.
(b) The similar plant Anchusa officinalis; bugloss;
also, the American puccoon.
[1913 Webster]Bugloss \Bu"gloss\, n.; pl. Buglosses. [F. buglosse, L.
buglossa, buglossus, fr. Gr. ? oxtongue ? ox + ? tongue.]
(Bot.)
A plant of the genus Anchusa, and especially the {Anchusa
officinalis}, sometimes called alkanet; oxtongue.
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Small wild bugloss, the Asperugo procumbens and the
Lycopsis arvensis.
Viper's bugloss, a species of Echium.
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Archangelica officinalis
(gcide) | Angelica \An*gel"i*ca\, n. [NL. See Angelic.] (Bot.)
1. An aromatic umbelliferous plant ({Archangelica
officinalis} or Angelica archangelica) the leaf stalks
of which are sometimes candied and used in confectionery,
and the roots and seeds as an aromatic tonic.
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2. The candied leaf stalks of angelica.
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Angelica tree, a thorny North American shrub ({Aralia
spinosa}), called also Hercules' club.
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Asparagus officinalis
(gcide) | Asparagus \As*par"a*gus\ ([a^]s*p[a^]r"[.a]*g[u^]s), n. [L., fr.
Gr. 'aspa`ragos, 'asfa`ragos; cf. sparga^n to swell with sap
or juice, and Zend [,c]paregha prong, sprout, Pers. asparag,
Lith. spurgas sprout, Skr. sphurj to swell. Perh. the Greek
borrowed from the Persian. Cf. Sparrowgrass.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of perennial plants belonging to the
natural order Liliace[ae], and having erect much
branched stems, and very slender branchlets which are
sometimes mistaken for leaves. Asparagus racemosus is a
shrubby climbing plant with fragrant flowers.
Specifically: The Asparagus officinalis, a species
cultivated in gardens.
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2. The young and tender shoots of Asparagus officinalis,
which form a valuable and well-known article of food.
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Note: This word was formerly pronounced sparrowgrass; but
this pronunciation is now confined exclusively to
uneducated people.
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Asparagus beetle (Zool.), a small beetle ({Crioceris
asparagi}) injurious to asparagus.
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Betonica officinalis
(gcide) | Betony \Bet"o*ny\, n.; pl. Betonies. [OE. betony, betany, F.
betoine, fr. L. betonica, vettonica.] (Bot.)
A plant of the genus Betonica (Linn.).
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Note: The purple or wood betony (Betonica officinalis,
Linn.) is common in Europe, being formerly used in
medicine, and (according to Loudon) in dyeing wool a
yellow color.
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Calendula officinalis
(gcide) | Marigold \Mar"i*gold\, n. [Mary + gold.] (Bot.)
A name for several plants with golden yellow blossoms,
especially the Calendula officinalis (see Calendula), and
the cultivated species of Tagetes.
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Note: There are several yellow-flowered plants of different
genera bearing this name; as, the African marigold or
French marigold of the genus Tagetes, of which
several species and many varieties are found in
gardens. They are mostly strong-smelling herbs from
South America and Mexico: bur marigold, of the genus
Bidens; corn marigold, of the genus Chrysanthemum
(Chrysanthemum segetum, a pest in the cornfields of
Italy); fig marigold, of the genus
Mesembryanthemum; marsh marigold, of the genus
Caltha (Caltha palustris), commonly known in
America as the cowslip. See Marsh Marigold.
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Marigold window. (Arch.) See Rose window, under Rose.
[1913 Webster]Calendula \Ca*len"du*la\, n. [NL., fr. L. calendae calends.]
(Bot.)
A genus of composite herbaceous plants. One species,
Calendula officinalis, is the common marigold, and was
supposed to blossom on the calends of every month, whence the
name.
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Cochlearia officinalis
(gcide) | Scurvy \Scur"vy\, n. [Probably from the same source as scorbute,
but influenced by scurf, scurfy, scurvy, adj.; cf. D.
scheurbuik scurvy, G. scharbock, LL. scorbutus. Cf.
Scorbute.] (Med.)
A disease characterized by livid spots, especially about the
thighs and legs, due to extravasation of blood, and by spongy
gums, and bleeding from almost all the mucous membranes. It
is accompanied by paleness, languor, depression, and general
debility. It is occasioned by confinement, innutritious food,
and hard labor, but especially by lack of fresh vegetable
food, or confinement for a long time to a limited range of
food, which is incapable of repairing the waste of the
system. It was formerly prevalent among sailors and soldiers.
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Scurvy grass [Scurvy + grass; or cf. Icel. skarfak[=a]l
scurvy grass.] (Bot.) A kind of cress ({Cochlearia
officinalis}) growing along the seacoast of Northern
Europe and in arctic regions. It is a remedy for the
scurvy, and has proved a valuable food to arctic
explorers. The name is given also to other allied species
of plants.
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Copaifera officinalis
(gcide) | Purpleheart \Pur"ple*heart`\, n. (Bot.)
A strong, durable, and elastic wood of a purplish color,
obtained from several tropical American leguminous trees of
the genus Copaifera (Copaifera pubiflora, {Copaifera
bracteata}, and Copaifera officinalis). Used for decorative
veneering. See Copaiba.
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Cubeba officinalis
(gcide) | Cubeb \Cu"beb\ (k[=u]"b[e^]b), n. [F. cub[`e]be (cf. It. cubebe,
Pr., Sp., Pg., & NL. cubeba), fr. Ar. kab[=a]bat.]
The small, spicy berry of a species of pepper ({Piper
Cubeba}; in (Med.), Cubeba officinalis), native in Java and
Borneo, but now cultivated in various tropical countries. The
dried unripe fruit is much used in medicine as a stimulant
and purgative.
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Cynoglossum officinale
(gcide) | Hound's-tongue \Hound's"-tongue`\, n. [AS. hundes tunge.] (Bot.)
A biennial weed (Cynoglossum officinale), with soft
tongue-shaped leaves, and an offensive odor. It bears nutlets
covered with barbed or hooked prickles. Called also
dog's-tongue.
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Euphrasia officinalis
(gcide) | Eyebright \Eye"bright`\, n. (Bot.)
A small annual plant (Euphrasia officinalis), formerly much
used as a remedy for diseases of the eye.
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F officinalis
(gcide) | Fumitory \Fu"mi*to*ry\, n. [OE. fumetere, F. fumeterre, prop.,
smoke of the ground, fr. L. fumus smoke + terra earth. See
Fume, and Terrace.] (Bot.)
The common uame of several species of the genus Fumaria,
annual herbs of the Old World, with finely dissected leaves
and small flowers in dense racemes or spikes. {F.
officinalis} is a common species, and was formerly used as an
antiscorbutic.
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Climbing fumitory (Bot.), the Alleghany vine ({Adlumia
cirrhosa}); a biennial climbing plant with elegant
feathery leaves and large clusters of pretty white or
pinkish flowers looking like grains of rice.
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Fumaria officinalis
(gcide) | Fumaric \Fu*mar"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, fumitory ({Fumaria
officinalis}).
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Fumaric acid (Chem.), a widely occurring organic acid,
extracted from fumitory as a white crystallline substance,
C2H2(CO2H)2, and produced artificially in many ways, as
by the distillation of malic acid; boletic acid. It is
found also in the lichen, Iceland moss, and hence was also
called lichenic acid.
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Galega officinalis
(gcide) | Goat \Goat\ (g[=o]t), n. [OE goot, got, gat, AS. g[=a]t; akin to
D. geit, OHG. geiz, G. geiss, Icel. geit, Sw. get, Dan. ged,
Goth. gaits, L. haedus a young goat, kid.] (Zool.)
A hollow-horned ruminant of the genus Capra, of several
species and varieties, esp. the domestic goat ({Capra
hircus}), which is raised for its milk, flesh, and skin.
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Note: The Cashmere and Angora varieties of the goat have
long, silky hair, used in the manufacture of textile
fabrics. The wild or bezoar goat (Capra [ae]gagrus),
of Asia Minor, noted for the bezoar stones found in its
stomach, is supposed to be one of the ancestral species
of the domestic goat. The Rocky Mountain goat
(Haplocercus montanus) is more nearly related to the
antelopes. See Mazame.
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Goat antelope (Zool), one of several species of antelopes,
which in some respects resemble a goat, having recurved
horns, a stout body, large hoofs, and a short, flat tail,
as the goral, thar, mazame, and chikara.
Goat fig (Bot.), the wild fig.
Goat house.
(a) A place for keeping goats.
(b) A brothel. [Obs.]
Goat moth (Zool.), any moth of the genus Cossus, esp. the
large European species (Cossus ligniperda), the larva of
which burrows in oak and willow trees, and requires three
years to mature. It exhales an odor like that of the
he-goat.
Goat weed (Bot.), a scrophulariaceous plant, of the genus
Capraria (Capraria biflora).
Goat's bane (Bot.), a poisonous plant ({Aconitum
Lucoctonum}), bearing pale yellow flowers, introduced from
Switzerland into England; wolfsbane.
Goat's foot (Bot.), a kind of wood sorrel ({Oxalis
caprina}) growing at the Cape of Good Hope.
Goat's rue (Bot.), a leguminous plant (Galega officinalis
of Europe, or Tephrosia Virginiana in the United
States).
Goat's thorn (Bot.), a thorny leguminous plant ({Astragalus
Tragacanthus}), found in the Levant.
Goat's wheat (Bot.), the genus Tragopyrum (now referred
to Atraphaxis).
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Galipea officinalis
(gcide) | Angostura \An`gos*tu"ra\, Angostura bark \An`gos*tu"ra
bark"\([aum][ng]`g[o^]s*t[=oo]"r[.a] b[aum]rk`). [From
Angostura, in Venezuela.]
A bitter aromatic bark, obtained from a South American tree
of the rue family (Galipea cusparia, or {Galipea
officinalis}). It is used used as a tonic, in medicines,
liqueurs and bitters. --U. S. Disp.
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Gratiola officinalis
(gcide) | Gratiolin \Gra*ti"o*lin\, n. (Chem.)
One of the essential principles of the hedge hyssop
(Gratiola officinalis).
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Guaiacum officinale
(gcide) | Guaiacum \Gua"ia*cum\, n. [NL., fr. Sp. guayaco, from native
name in Haiti.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of small, crooked trees, growing in
tropical America.
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2. The heart wood or the resin of the Guaiacum officinale
or lignum-vit[ae], a large tree of the West Indies and
Central America. It is much used in medicine. [Written
also guaiac.]
[1913 Webster]Lignum-vitae \Lig"num-vi"tae\ (l[i^]g"n[u^]m v[imac]"t[=e]), n.
[L., wood of life; lignum wood + vita, genitive vit[ae],
life.] (Bot.)
A tree (Guaiacum officinale) found in the warm latitudes of
America, from which the guaiacum of medicine is procured.
Its wood is very hard and heavy, and is used for various
mechanical purposes, as for the wheels of ships' blocks,
cogs, bearings, and the like. See Guaiacum.
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Note: In New Zealand the Metrosideros buxifolia is called
lignum-vit[ae], and in Australia a species of Acacia.
The bastard lignum-vit[ae] is a West Indian tree
(Sarcomphalus laurinus).
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Helleborus officinalis
(gcide) | Hellebore \Hel"le*bore\, n. [L. helleborus, elleborus, Gr. ?, ?;
cf. F. hell['e]bore, ell['e]bore.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Bot.) A genus of perennial herbs (Helleborus) of the
Crowfoot family, mostly having powerfully cathartic and
even poisonous qualities. Helleborus niger is the
European black hellebore, or Christmas rose, blossoming in
winter or earliest spring. Helleborus officinalis was
the officinal hellebore of the ancients.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Bot.) Any plant of several species of the poisonous
liliaceous genus Veratrum, especially Veratrum album
and Veratrum viride, both called white hellebore.
[1913 Webster] |
Hyssopus officinalis
(gcide) | Hyssop \Hys"sop\, n. [OE. hysope, ysope, OF. ysope, F. hysope,
hyssope, L. hysopum, hyssopum, hyssopus, Gr. ?, ?, an
aromatic plant, fr. Heb. [=e]sov.]
A plant (Hyssopus officinalis). The leaves have an aromatic
smell, and a warm, pungent taste.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The hyssop of Scripture is supposed to be a species of
caper (Capparis spinosa), but probably the name was
used for several different plants.
[1913 Webster] |
Jasminum officinale
(gcide) | Jasmine \Jas"mine\, n. [F. jasmin, Sp. jazmin, Ar.
y[=a]sm[imac]n, Pers. y[=a]sm[imac]n; cf. It. gesmino,
gelsomino. Cf. Jessamine.] (Bot.)
A shrubby plant of the genus Jasminum, bearing flowers of a
peculiarly fragrant odor. The Jasminum officinale, common
in the south of Europe, bears white flowers. The Arabian
jasmine is Jasminum Sambac, and, with {Jasminum
angustifolia}, comes from the East Indies. The yellow false
jasmine in the Gelseminum sempervirens (see Gelsemium).
Several other plants are called jasmine in the West Indies,
as species of Calotropis and Faramea. [Written also
jessamine.]
[1913 Webster]
Cape jasmine, or Cape jessamine, the Gardenia florida,
a shrub with fragrant white flowers, a native of China,
and hardy in the Southern United States.
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Lappa officinalis
(gcide) | Burdock \Bur"dock\, n. [Bur + dock the plant.] (Bot.)
A genus of coarse biennial herbs (Lappa), bearing small
burs which adhere tenaciously to clothes, or to the fur or
wool of animals.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The common burdock is the Lappa officinalis.
[1913 Webster] |
Levisticum officinale
(gcide) | Lovage \Lov"age\, n. [F. liv[`e]che, fr. L. levisticum,
ligusticum, a plant indigenous to Liguria, lovage, from
Ligusticus Ligustine, Ligurian, Liguria a country of
Cisalpine Gaul.] (Bot.)
An umbelliferous plant (Levisticum officinale), sometimes
used in medicine as an aromatic stimulant.
[1913 Webster] |
Melissa officinalis
(gcide) | Melissa \Me*lis"sa\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. me`lissa a bee, honey.]
(Bot.)
A genus of labiate herbs, including the balm, or bee balm
(Melissa officinalis).
[1913 Webster]beebalm \beebalm\, bee balm \bee balm\n.
1. a perennial herb (Monarda fistulosa) of North America.
[WordNet 1.5]
2. a perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America
(Monarda didyma) having variously colored tubular
flowers in dense showy heads.
Syn: bee balm, bergamot mint, oswego tea.
[WordNet 1.5]
3. a bushy perennial Old World mint, Melissa officinalis,
having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant
lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe
and North America.
Syn: lemon balm, garden balm, sweet balm, bee balm, Melissa
officinalis.
[WordNet 1.5] |
Nasturtium officinale
(gcide) | Water cress \Wa"ter cress`\ (Bot.)
A perennial cruciferous herb (Nasturtium officinale)
growing usually in clear running or spring water. The leaves
are pungent, and used for salad and as an antiscorbutic.
[1913 Webster]Cress \Cress\ (kr[e^]s), n.; pl. Cresses (kr[e^]s"[e^]z). [OE.
ces, cresse, kers, kerse, AS. cresse, cerse; akin to D. kers,
G. kresse, Dan. karse, Sw. krasse, and possibly also to OHG.
chresan to creep.] (Bot.)
A plant of various species, chiefly cruciferous. The leaves
have a moderately pungent taste, and are used as a salad and
antiscorbutic.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The garden cress, called also peppergrass, is the
Lepidium sativum; the water cress is the {Nasturtium
officinale}. Various other plants are sometimes called
cresses.
[1913 Webster]
To strip the brook with mantling cresses spread.
--Goldsmith.
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Bitter cress. See under Bitter.
Not worth a cress, or "not worth a kers." a common old
proverb, now turned into the meaningless "not worth a
curse." --Skeat.
[1913 Webster] |
Parictaria officinalis
(gcide) | Wall \Wall\, n. [AS. weall, from L. vallum a wall, vallus a
stake, pale, palisade; akin to Gr. ? a nail. Cf. Interval.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A work or structure of stone, brick, or other materials,
raised to some height, and intended for defense or
security, solid and permanent inclosing fence, as around a
field, a park, a town, etc., also, one of the upright
inclosing parts of a building or a room.
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The plaster of the wall of the King's palace. --Dan.
v. 5.
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2. A defense; a rampart; a means of protection; in the
plural, fortifications, in general; works for defense.
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The waters were a wall unto them on their right
hand, and on their left. --Ex. xiv. 22.
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In such a night,
Troilus, methinks, mounted the Troyan walls. --Shak.
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To rush undaunted to defend the walls. --Dryden.
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3. An inclosing part of a receptacle or vessel; as, the walls
of a steam-engine cylinder.
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4. (Mining)
(a) The side of a level or drift.
(b) The country rock bounding a vein laterally. --Raymond.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Wall is often used adjectively, and also in the
formation of compounds, usually of obvious
signification; as in wall paper, or wall-paper; wall
fruit, or wall-fruit; wallflower, etc.
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Blank wall, Blind wall, etc. See under Blank, Blind,
etc.
To drive to the wall, to bring to extremities; to push to
extremes; to get the advantage of, or mastery over.
To go to the wall, to be hard pressed or driven; to be the
weaker party; to be pushed to extremes.
To take the wall. to take the inner side of a walk, that
is, the side next the wall; hence, to take the precedence.
"I will take the wall of any man or maid of Montague's."
--Shak.
Wall barley (Bot.), a kind of grass (Hordeum murinum)
much resembling barley; squirrel grass. See under
Squirrel.
Wall box. (Mach.) See Wall frame, below.
Wall creeper (Zool.), a small bright-colored bird
(Tichodroma muraria) native of Asia and Southern Europe.
It climbs about over old walls and cliffs in search of
insects and spiders. Its body is ash-gray above, the wing
coverts are carmine-red, the primary quills are mostly red
at the base and black distally, some of them with white
spots, and the tail is blackish. Called also {spider
catcher}.
Wall cress (Bot.), a name given to several low cruciferous
herbs, especially to the mouse-ear cress. See under
Mouse-ear.
Wall frame (Mach.), a frame set in a wall to receive a
pillow block or bearing for a shaft passing through the
wall; -- called also wall box.
Wall fruit, fruit borne by trees trained against a wall.
Wall gecko (Zool.), any one of several species of Old World
geckos which live in or about buildings and run over the
vertical surfaces of walls, to which they cling by means
of suckers on the feet.
Wall lizard (Zool.), a common European lizard ({Lacerta
muralis}) which frequents houses, and lives in the chinks
and crevices of walls; -- called also wall newt.
Wall louse, a wood louse.
Wall moss (Bot.), any species of moss growing on walls.
Wall newt (Zool.), the wall lizard. --Shak.
Wall paper, paper for covering the walls of rooms; paper
hangings.
Wall pellitory (Bot.), a European plant ({Parictaria
officinalis}) growing on old walls, and formerly esteemed
medicinal.
Wall pennywort (Bot.), a plant (Cotyledon Umbilicus)
having rounded fleshy leaves. It is found on walls in
Western Europe.
Wall pepper (Bot.), a low mosslike plant (Sedum acre)
with small fleshy leaves having a pungent taste and
bearing yellow flowers. It is common on walls and rocks in
Europe, and is sometimes seen in America.
Wall pie (Bot.), a kind of fern; wall rue.
Wall piece, a gun planted on a wall. --H. L. Scott.
Wall plate (Arch.), a piece of timber placed horizontally
upon a wall, and supporting posts, joists, and the like.
See Illust. of Roof.
Wall rock, granular limestone used in building walls. [U.
S.] --Bartlett.
Wall rue (Bot.), a species of small fern ({Asplenium
Ruta-muraria}) growing on walls, rocks, and the like.
Wall spring, a spring of water issuing from stratified
rocks.
Wall tent, a tent with upright cloth sides corresponding to
the walls of a house.
Wall wasp (Zool.), a common European solitary wasp
(Odynerus parietus) which makes its nest in the crevices
of walls.
[1913 Webster] |
Parietaria officinalis
(gcide) | Pellitory \Pel"li*to*ry\, n. [OE. paritorie, OF. paritoire, F.
pari['e]taire; (cf. It. & Sp. parietaria), L. parietaria the
parietary, or pellitory, the wall plant, fr. parietarius
belonging to the walls, fr. paries, parietis a wall. Cf.
Parietary.] (Bot.)
The common name of the several species of the genus
Parietaria, low, harmless weeds of the Nettle family; --
also called wall pellitory, and lichwort.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Parietaria officinalis is common on old walls in
Europe; Parietaria pennsylvanica is found in the
United States; and six or seven more species are found
near the Mediterranean, or in the Orient.
[1913 Webster] |
Peucedanum officinale
(gcide) | Fennel \Fen"nel\ (f[e^]n"n[e^]l), n. [AS. fenol, finol, from L.
feniculum, faeniculum, dim. of fenum, faenum, hay: cf. F.
fenouil. Cf. Fenugreek. Finochio.] (Bot.)
A perennial plant of the genus F[ae]niculum ({F[ae]niculum
vulgare}), having very finely divided leaves. It is
cultivated in gardens for the agreeable aromatic flavor of
its seeds.
[1913 Webster]
Smell of sweetest fennel. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
A sprig of fennel was in fact the theological smelling
bottle of the tender sex. --S. G.
Goodrich.
[1913 Webster]
Azorean fennel, or Sweet fennel, (F[ae]niculum dulce).
It is a smaller and stouter plant than the common fennel,
and is used as a pot herb.
Dog's fennel (Anthemis Cotula), a foul-smelling European
weed; -- called also mayweed.
Fennel flower (Bot.), an herb (Nigella) of the Buttercup
family, having leaves finely divided, like those of the
fennel. Nigella Damascena is common in gardens. {Nigella
sativa} furnishes the fennel seed, used as a condiment,
etc., in India. These seeds are the "fitches" mentioned in
Isaiah (xxviii. 25).
Fennel water (Med.), the distilled water of fennel seed. It
is stimulant and carminative.
Giant fennel (Ferula communis), has stems full of pith,
which, it is said, were used to carry fire, first, by
Prometheus.
Hog's fennel, a European plant (Peucedanum officinale)
looking something like fennel.
[1913 Webster] |
Polygonum officinale
(gcide) | Whitewort \White"wort`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) Wild camomile.
(b) A kind of Solomon's seal (Polygonum officinale).
[1913 Webster] |
Polyporus officinalis
(gcide) | Agaric \Ag"a*ric\ (?; 277), n. [L. agaricum, Gr. ?, said to be
fr. Agara, a town in Sarmatia.]
1. (Bot.) A fungus of the genus Agaricus, of many species,
of which the common mushroom is an example.
[1913 Webster]
2. An old name for several species of Polyporus, corky
fungi growing on decaying wood.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The "female agaric" (Polyporus officinalis) was
renowned as a cathartic; the "male agaric" ({Polyporus
igniarius}) is used for preparing touchwood, called
punk or German tinder.
[1913 Webster]
Agaric mineral, a light, chalky deposit of carbonate of
lime, sometimes called rock milk, formed in caverns or
fissures of limestone.
[1913 Webster] |
Pulmonaria officinalis
(gcide) | Lungwort \Lung"wort`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) An herb of the genus Pulmonaria ({Pulmonaria
officinalis}), of Europe; -- so called because the
spotted appearance of the leaves resembles that of a
diseased lung.
(b) Any plant of the genus Mertensia (esp. {Mertensia
Virginica} and Mertensia Sibirica), plants nearly
related to Pulmonaria. The American lungwort is
Mertensia Virginica, Virginia cowslip. --Gray.
[1913 Webster]
Cow's lungwort mullein.
Sea lungwort, Mertensia maritima, found on the seacoast
of Northern Europe and America.
Tree lungwort, a lichen (Sticta pulmonacea) growing on
trees and rocks. The thallus is lacunose, and in
appearance somewhat resembles the lungs, for diseases of
which it was once thought a remedy.
[1913 Webster] |
Rosmarinus officinalis
(gcide) | Rosemary \Rose"ma*ry\, n. [OE. rosmarine, L. rosmarinus; ros dew
(cf. Russ. rosa, Lith. rasa, Skr. rasa juice) + marinus
marine: cf. F. romarin. In English the word has been changed
as if it meant the rose of Mary. See Marine.]
A labiate shrub (Rosmarinus officinalis) with narrow
grayish leaves, growing native in the southern part of
France, Spain, and Italy, also in Asia Minor and in China. It
has a fragrant smell, and a warm, pungent, bitterish taste.
It is used in cookery, perfumery, etc., and is an emblem of
fidelity or constancy.
[1913 Webster]
There's rosemary, that's for remembrance. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Marsh rosemary.
(a) A little shrub (Andromeda polifolia) growing in cold
swamps and having leaves like those of the rosemary.
(b) See under Marsh.
Rosemary pine, the loblolly pine. See under Loblolly.
[1913 Webster] |
Salvia officinalis
(gcide) | Sage \Sage\, n. [OE. sauge, F. sauge, L. salvia, from salvus
saved, in allusion to its reputed healing virtues. See
Safe.] (Bot.)
(a) A suffruticose labiate plant (Salvia officinalis) with
grayish green foliage, much used in flavoring meats, etc.
The name is often extended to the whole genus, of which
many species are cultivated for ornament, as the scarlet
sage, and Mexican red and blue sage.
(b) The sagebrush.
[1913 Webster]
Meadow sage (Bot.), a blue-flowered species of Salvia
(Salvia pratensis) growing in meadows in Europe.
Sage cheese, cheese flavored with sage, and colored green
by the juice of leaves of spinach and other plants which
are added to the milk.
Sage cock (Zool.), the male of the sage grouse; in a more
general sense, the specific name of the sage grouse.
Sage green, of a dull grayish green color, like the leaves
of garden sage.
Sage grouse (Zool.), a very large American grouse
(Centrocercus urophasianus), native of the dry sagebrush
plains of Western North America. Called also {cock of the
plains}. The male is called sage cock, and the female
sage hen.
Sage hare, or Sage rabbit (Zool.), a species of hare
(Lepus Nuttalli syn. Lepus artemisia) which inhabits
the arid regions of Western North America and lives among
sagebrush. By recent writers it is considered to be merely
a variety of the common cottontail, or wood rabbit.
Sage hen (Zool.), the female of the sage grouse.
Sage sparrow (Zool.), a small sparrow (Amphispiza Belli,
var. Nevadensis) which inhabits the dry plains of the
Rocky Mountain region, living among sagebrush.
Sage thrasher (Zool.), a singing bird ({Oroscoptes
montanus}) which inhabits the sagebrush plains of Western
North America.
Sage willow (Bot.), a species of willow (Salix tristis)
forming a low bush with nearly sessile grayish green
leaves.
[1913 Webster] |
Saponaria officinalis
(gcide) | Fuller \Full"er\, n. [AS. fullere, fr. L. fullo. See Full, v.
t.]
One whose occupation is to full cloth.
[1913 Webster]
Fuller's earth, a variety of clay, used in scouring and
cleansing cloth, to imbibe grease.
Fuller's herb (Bot.), the soapwort ({Saponaria
officinalis}), formerly used to remove stains from cloth.
Fuller's thistle or Fuller's weed (Bot.), the teasel
(Dipsacus fullonum) whose burs are used by fullers in
dressing cloth. See Teasel.
[1913 Webster]Saponin \Sap"o*nin\, n. [L. sapo, -onis soap: cf. F. saponine.]
(Chem.)
A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of
soapwort (Saponaria officinalis), in the bark of soap bark
(Quillaja saponaria), etc. It is extracted as a white
amorphous powder, which produces a soapy lather in solution,
and produces a local anaesthesia. It is used as a detergent
and for emulsifying oils. Formerly called also struthiin,
quillaiin, senegin, polygalic acid, etc. By extension,
any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper
is the type.
[1913 Webster + PJC]Soapwort \Soap"wort`\, n. (Bot.)
A common plant (Saponaria officinalis) of the Pink family;
-- so called because its bruised leaves, when agitated in
water, produce a lather like that from soap. Called also
Bouncing Bet.
[1913 Webster]Bouncing \Boun"cing\, a.
1. Stout; plump and healthy; lusty; buxom.
[1913 Webster]
Many tall and bouncing young ladies. --Thackeray.
[1913 Webster]
2. Excessive; big. "A bouncing reckoning." --B. & Fl.
[1913 Webster]
Bouncing Bet (Bot.), the common soapwort ({Saponaria
officinalis}). --Harper's Mag.
[1913 Webster] |
Sassafras officinale
(gcide) | Sassafras \Sas"sa*fras\, n. [F. sassafras (cf. It. sassafrasso,
sassafras, Sp. sasafras, salsafras, salsifrax, salsifragia,
saxifragia), fr. L. saxifraga saxifrage. See Saxifrage.]
(Bot.)
An American tree of the Laurel family ({Sassafras
officinale}); also, the bark of the roots, which has an
aromatic smell and taste.
[1913 Webster]
Australian sassafras, a lofty tree (Doryophora Sassafras)
with aromatic bark and leaves.
Chilian sassafras, an aromatic tree ({Laurelia
sempervirens}).
New Zealand sassafras, a similar tree ({Laurelia Novae
Zelandiae}).
Sassafras nut. See Pichurim bean.
Swamp sassafras, the sweet bay (Magnolia glauca). See
Magnolia.
[1913 Webster] |
Schoenocaulon officinale
(gcide) | Sabadilla \Sab`a*dil"la\ (s[a^]b`[.a]*d[i^]l"l[.a]), n. [Sp.
cebadilla.] (Bot.)
A Mexican liliaceous plant (Schoenocaulon officinale);
also, its seeds, which contain the alkaloid veratrine. It
was formerly used in medicine as an emetic and purgative.
[1913 Webster] |
Scincus officinalis
(gcide) | Skink \Skink\, n. [L. scincus, Gr. ????.] [Written also
scink.] (Zool.)
Any one of numerous species of regularly scaled harmless
lizards of the family Scincidae, common in the warmer parts
of all the continents.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The officinal skink (Scincus officinalis) inhabits
the sandy plains of South Africa. It was believed by
the ancients to be a specific for various diseases. A
common slender species (Seps tridactylus) of Southern
Europe was formerly believed to produce fatal diseases
in cattle by mere contact. The American skinks include
numerous species of the genus Eumeces, as the
blue-tailed skink (Eumeces fasciatus) of the Eastern
United States. The ground skink, or ground lizard
(Oligosoma laterale) inhabits the Southern United
States.
[1913 Webster] |
Sisymbrium officinale
(gcide) | Mustard \Mus"tard\, n. [OF. moustarde, F. moutarde, fr. L.
mustum must, -- mustard was prepared for use by being mixed
with must. See Must, n.]
1. (Bot.) The name of several cruciferous plants of the genus
Brassica (formerly Sinapis), as white mustard
(Brassica alba), black mustard (Brassica Nigra),
wild mustard or charlock (Brassica Sinapistrum).
[1913 Webster]
Note: There are also many herbs of the same family which are
called mustard, and have more or less of the flavor of
the true mustard; as, bowyer's mustard ({Lepidium
ruderale}); hedge mustard (Sisymbrium officinale);
Mithridate mustard (Thlaspi arvense); tower mustard
(Arabis perfoliata); treacle mustard ({Erysimum
cheiranthoides}).
[1913 Webster]
2. A powder or a paste made from the seeds of black or white
mustard, used as a condiment and a rubefacient. Taken
internally it is stimulant and diuretic, and in large
doses is emetic.
[1913 Webster]
Mustard oil (Chem.), a substance obtained from mustard, as
a transparent, volatile and intensely pungent oil. The
name is also extended to a number of analogous compounds
produced either naturally or artificially.
[1913 Webster] |
Spongia officinalis
(gcide) | Glove \Glove\ (gl[u^]v), n. [OE. glove, glofe, AS. gl[=o]f; akin
to Icel. gl[=o]fi, cf. Goth. l[=o]fa palm of the hand, Icel.
l[=o]fi.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A cover for the hand, or for the hand and wrist, with a
separate sheath for each finger. The latter characteristic
distinguishes the glove from the mitten.
[1913 Webster]
2. A boxing glove.
[1913 Webster]
Boxing glove. See under Boxing.
Glove fight, a pugilistic contest in which the fighters
wear boxing gloves.
Glove money or Glove silver.
(a) A tip or gratuity to servants, professedly to buy
gloves with.
(b) (Eng. Law.) A reward given to officers of courts;
also, a fee given by the sheriff of a county to the
clerk of assize and judge's officers, when there are
no offenders to be executed.
Glove sponge (Zool.), a fine and soft variety of commercial
sponges (Spongia officinalis).
To be hand and glove with, to be intimately associated or
on good terms with. "Hand and glove with traitors." --J.
H. Newman.
To handle without gloves, to treat without reserve or
tenderness; to deal roughly with. [Colloq.]
To take up the glove, to accept a challenge or adopt a
quarrel.
To throw down the glove, to challenge to combat.
[1913 Webster]Sponge \Sponge\ (sp[u^]nj), n. [OF. esponge, F. ['e]ponge, L.
spongia, Gr. spoggia`, spo`ggos. Cf. Fungus, Spunk.]
[Formerly written also spunge.]
1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of Spongiae, or
Porifera. See Illust. and Note under Spongiae.
[1913 Webster]
2. The elastic fibrous skeleton of many species of horny
Spongiae (Keratosa), used for many purposes, especially
the varieties of the genus Spongia. The most valuable
sponges are found in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea,
and on the coasts of Florida and the West Indies.
[1913 Webster]
3. Fig.: One who lives upon others; a pertinacious and
indolent dependent; a parasite; a sponger.
[1913 Webster]
4. Any spongelike substance. Specifically:
(a) Dough before it is kneaded and formed into loaves, and
after it is converted into a light, spongy mass by the
agency of the yeast or leaven.
(b) Iron from the puddling furnace, in a pasty condition.
(c) Iron ore, in masses, reduced but not melted or worked.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Gun.) A mop for cleaning the bore of a cannon after a
discharge. It consists of a cylinder of wood, covered with
sheepskin with the wool on, or cloth with a heavy looped
nap, and having a handle, or staff.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Far.) The extremity, or point, of a horseshoe, answering
to the heel.
[1913 Webster]
Bath sponge, any one of several varieties of coarse
commercial sponges, especially Spongia equina.
Cup sponge, a toilet sponge growing in a cup-shaped form.
Glass sponge. See Glass-sponge, in the Vocabulary.
Glove sponge, a variety of commercial sponge ({Spongia
officinalis}, variety tubulifera), having very fine
fibers, native of Florida, and the West Indies.
Grass sponge, any one of several varieties of coarse
commercial sponges having the surface irregularly tufted,
as Spongia graminea, and Spongia equina, variety
cerebriformis, of Florida and the West Indies.
Horse sponge, a coarse commercial sponge, especially
Spongia equina.
Platinum sponge. (Chem.) See under Platinum.
Pyrotechnical sponge, a substance made of mushrooms or
fungi, which are boiled in water, dried, and beaten, then
put in a strong lye prepared with saltpeter, and again
dried in an oven. This makes the black match, or tinder,
brought from Germany.
Sheep's-wool sponge, a fine and durable commercial sponge
(Spongia equina, variety gossypina) found in Florida and
the West Indies. The surface is covered with larger and
smaller tufts, having the oscula between them.
Sponge cake, a kind of sweet cake which is light and
spongy.
Sponge lead, or Spongy lead (Chem.), metallic lead
brought to a spongy form by reduction of lead salts, or by
compressing finely divided lead; -- used in secondary
batteries and otherwise.
Sponge tree (Bot.), a tropical leguminous tree ({Acacia
Farnesiana}), with deliciously fragrant flowers, which are
used in perfumery.
Toilet sponge, a very fine and superior variety of
Mediterranean sponge (Spongia officinalis, variety
Mediterranea); -- called also Turkish sponge.
To set a sponge (Cookery), to leaven a small mass of flour,
to be used in leavening a larger quantity.
To throw up the sponge, to give up a contest; to
acknowledge defeat; -- from a custom of the prize ring,
the person employed to sponge a pugilist between rounds
throwing his sponge in the air in token of defeat; -- now,
throw in the towel is more common, and has the same
origin and meaning. [Cant or Slang] "He was too brave a
man to throw up the sponge to fate." --Lowell.
Vegetable sponge. (Bot.) See Loof.
Velvet sponge, a fine, soft commercial sponge ({Spongia
equina}, variety meandriniformis) found in Florida and the
West Indies.
Vitreous sponge. See Glass-sponge.
Yellow sponge, a common and valuable commercial sponge
(Spongia agaricina, variety corlosia) found in Florida
and the West Indies.
[1913 Webster] |
Styrax officinalis
(gcide) | Styrax \Sty"rax\, n. [L. styrax, storax, Gr. ?. See Storax.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs and trees, mostly American or
Asiatic, abounding in resinous and aromatic substances.
Styrax officinalis yields storax, and Styrax Benzoin
yields benzoin.
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2. Same as Storax.
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Symphytum officinale
(gcide) | Comfrey \Com"frey\, n. [Prob. from F. conferve, L. conferva, fr.
confervere to boil together, in medical language, to heal,
grow together. So called on account of its healing power, for
which reason it was also called consolida.] (Bot.)
A rough, hairy, perennial plant of several species, of the
genus Symphytum.
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Note: A decoction of the mucilaginous root of the "common
comfrey" (Symphytum officinale) is used in cough
mixtures, etc.; and the gigantic "prickly comfrey"
(Symphytum asperrimum) is somewhat cultivated as a
forage plant.
[1913 Webster] |
Taraxacum officinale
(gcide) | Dandelion \Dan"de*li`on\, n. [F. dent de lion lion's tooth, fr.
L. dens tooth + leo lion. See Tooth, n., and Lion.]
(Bot.)
A well-known plant of the genus Taraxacum ({Taraxacum
officinale}, formerly called Taraxacum Dens-leonis and
Leontodos Taraxacum) bearing large, yellow, compound
flowers, and deeply notched leaves.
[1913 Webster] |
Ullucus officinalis
(gcide) | Melluco \Mel*lu"co\, n. (Bot.)
A climbing plant (Ullucus officinalis) of the Andes, having
tuberous roots which are used as a substitute for potatoes.
[1913 Webster] |
Valeriana officinalis
(gcide) | Setwall \Set"wall`\, n. [CF. Cetewale.] (Bot.)
A plant formerly valued for its restorative qualities
(Valeriana officinalis, or Valeriana Pyrenaica). [Obs.]
[Written also setwal.] --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]Valerian \Va*le"ri*an\, n. [LL. valeriana, perhaps from some
person named Valerius, or fr. L. valere to be strong.
powerful, on account of its medicinal virtues: cf. F.
val['e]riane.] (Bot.)
Any plant of the genus Valeriana. The root of the officinal
valerian (Valeriana officinalis) has a strong smell, and is
much used in medicine as an antispasmodic.
[1913 Webster]
Greek valerian (Bot.), a plant (Polemonium caeruleum)
with blue or white flowers, and leaves resembling those of
the officinal valerian.
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Verbena officinalis
(gcide) | Peristerion \Per`is*te"ri*on\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a dovecote, a
kind of verbena, fr. peristera` a dove, pigeon; cf. L.
peristereon.] (Bot.)
The herb vervain (Verbena officinalis).
[1913 Webster] |
Veronica officinalis
(gcide) | ground \ground\ (ground), n. [OE. ground, grund, AS. grund; akin
to D. grond, OS., G., Sw., & Dan. grund, Icel. grunnr bottom,
Goth. grundus (in composition); perh. orig. meaning, dust,
gravel, and if so perh. akin to E. grind.]
1. The surface of the earth; the outer crust of the globe, or
some indefinite portion of it.
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There was not a man to till the ground. --Gen. ii.
5.
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The fire ran along upon the ground. --Ex. ix. 23.
Hence: A floor or pavement supposed to rest upon the
earth.
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2. Any definite portion of the earth's surface; region;
territory; country. Hence: A territory appropriated to, or
resorted to, for a particular purpose; the field or place
of action; as, a hunting or fishing ground; a play ground.
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From . . . old Euphrates, to the brook that parts
Egypt from Syrian ground. --Milton.
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3. Land; estate; possession; field; esp. (pl.), the gardens,
lawns, fields, etc., belonging to a homestead; as, the
grounds of the estate are well kept.
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Thy next design is on thy neighbor's grounds.
--Dryden. 4.
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4. The basis on which anything rests; foundation. Hence: The
foundation of knowledge, belief, or conviction; a premise,
reason, or datum; ultimate or first principle; cause of
existence or occurrence; originating force or agency; as,
the ground of my hope.
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5. (Paint. & Decorative Art)
(a) That surface upon which the figures of a composition
are set, and which relieves them by its plainness,
being either of one tint or of tints but slightly
contrasted with one another; as, crimson Bowers on a
white ground. See Background, Foreground, and
Middle-ground.
(b) In sculpture, a flat surface upon which figures are
raised in relief.
(c) In point lace, the net of small meshes upon which the
embroidered pattern is applied; as, Brussels ground.
See Brussels lace, under Brussels.
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6. (Etching) A gummy composition spread over the surface of a
metal to be etched, to prevent the acid from eating except
where an opening is made by the needle.
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7. (Arch.) One of the pieces of wood, flush with the
plastering, to which moldings, etc., are attached; --
usually in the plural.
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Note: Grounds are usually put up first and the plastering
floated flush with them.
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8. (Mus.)
(a) A composition in which the bass, consisting of a few
bars of independent notes, is continually repeated to
a varying melody.
(b) The tune on which descants are raised; the plain song.
--Moore (Encyc.).
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On that ground I'll build a holy descant.
--Shak.
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9. (Elec.) A conducting connection with the earth, whereby
the earth is made part of an electrical circuit.
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10. pl. Sediment at the bottom of liquors or liquids; dregs;
lees; feces; as, coffee grounds.
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11. The pit of a theater. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
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Ground angling, angling with a weighted line without a
float.
Ground annual (Scots Law), an estate created in land by a
vassal who instead of selling his land outright reserves
an annual ground rent, which becomes a perpetual charge
upon the land.
Ground ash. (Bot.) See Groutweed.
Ground bailiff (Mining), a superintendent of mines.
--Simmonds.
Ground bait, bits of bread, boiled barley or worms, etc.,
thrown into the water to collect the fish, --Wallon.
Ground bass or Ground base (Mus.), fundamental base; a
fundamental base continually repeated to a varied melody.
Ground beetle (Zool.), one of numerous species of
carnivorous beetles of the family Carabid[ae], living
mostly in burrows or under stones, etc.
Ground chamber, a room on the ground floor.
Ground cherry. (Bot.)
(a) A genus (Physalis) of herbaceous plants having an
inflated calyx for a seed pod: esp., the strawberry
tomato (Physalis Alkekengi). See Alkekengl.
(b) A European shrub (Prunus Cham[ae]cerasus), with
small, very acid fruit.
Ground cuckoo. (Zool.) See Chaparral cock.
Ground cypress. (Bot.) See Lavender cotton.
Ground dove (Zool.), one of several small American pigeons
of the genus Columbigallina, esp. C. passerina of the
Southern United States, Mexico, etc. They live chiefly on
the ground.
Ground fish (Zool.), any fish which constantly lives on the
botton of the sea, as the sole, turbot, halibut.
Ground floor, the floor of a house most nearly on a level
with the ground; -- called also in America, but not in
England, the first floor.
Ground form (Gram.), the stem or basis of a word, to which
the other parts are added in declension or conjugation. It
is sometimes, but not always, the same as the root.
Ground furze (Bot.), a low slightly thorny, leguminous
shrub (Ononis arvensis) of Europe and Central Asia,; --
called also rest-harrow.
Ground game, hares, rabbits, etc., as distinguished from
winged game.
Ground hele (Bot.), a perennial herb ({Veronica
officinalis}) with small blue flowers, common in Europe
and America, formerly thought to have curative properties.
Ground of the heavens (Astron.), the surface of any part of
the celestial sphere upon which the stars may be regarded
as projected.
Ground hemlock (Bot.), the yew (Taxus baccata var.
Canadensisi) of eastern North America, distinguished from
that of Europe by its low, straggling stems.
Ground hog. (Zool.)
(a) The woodchuck or American marmot (Arctomys monax).
See Woodchuck.
(b) The aardvark.
Ground hold (Naut.), ground tackle. [Obs.] --Spenser.
Ground ice, ice formed at the bottom of a body of water
before it forms on the surface.
Ground ivy. (Bot.) A trailing plant; alehoof. See Gill.
Ground joist, a joist for a basement or ground floor; a.
sleeper.
Ground lark (Zool.), the European pipit. See Pipit.
Ground laurel (Bot.). See Trailing arbutus, under
Arbutus.
Ground line (Descriptive Geom.), the line of intersection
of the horizontal and vertical planes of projection.
Ground liverwort (Bot.), a flowerless plant with a broad
flat forking thallus and the fruit raised on peduncled and
radiated receptacles (Marchantia polymorpha).
Ground mail, in Scotland, the fee paid for interment in a
churchyard.
Ground mass (Geol.), the fine-grained or glassy base of a
rock, in which distinct crystals of its constituents are
embedded.
Ground parrakeet (Zool.), one of several Australian
parrakeets, of the genera Callipsittacus and
Geopsittacus, which live mainly upon the ground.
Ground pearl (Zool.), an insect of the family Coccid[ae]
(Margarodes formicarum), found in ants' nests in the
Bahamas, and having a shelly covering. They are strung
like beads, and made into necklaces by the natives.
Ground pig (Zool.), a large, burrowing, African rodent
(Aulacodus Swinderianus) about two feet long, allied to
the porcupines but with harsh, bristly hair, and no
spines; -- called also ground rat.
Ground pigeon (Zool.), one of numerous species of pigeons
which live largely upon the ground, as the tooth-billed
pigeon (Didunculus strigirostris), of the Samoan
Islands, and the crowned pigeon, or goura. See Goura,
and Ground dove (above).
Ground pine. (Bot.)
(a) A blue-flowered herb of the genus Ajuga ({A.
Cham[ae]pitys}), formerly included in the genus
Teucrium or germander, and named from its resinous
smell. --Sir J. Hill.
(b) A long, creeping, evergreen plant of the genus
Lycopodium (L. clavatum); -- called also {club
moss}.
(c) A tree-shaped evergreen plant about eight inches in
height, of the same genus (L. dendroideum) found in
moist, dark woods in the northern part of the United
States. --Gray.
Ground plan (Arch.), a plan of the ground floor of any
building, or of any floor, as distinguished from an
elevation or perpendicular section.
Ground plane, the horizontal plane of projection in
perspective drawing.
Ground plate.
(a) (Arch.) One of the chief pieces of framing of a
building; a timber laid horizontally on or near the
ground to support the uprights; a ground sill or
groundsel.
(b) (Railroads) A bed plate for sleepers or ties; a
mudsill.
(c) (Teleg.) A metallic plate buried in the earth to
conduct the electric current thereto. Connection to
the pipes of a gas or water main is usual in cities.
--Knight.
Ground plot, the ground upon which any structure is
erected; hence, any basis or foundation; also, a ground
plan.
Ground plum (Bot.), a leguminous plant ({Astragalus
caryocarpus}) occurring from the Saskatchewan to Texas,
and having a succulent plum-shaped pod.
Ground rat. (Zool.) See Ground pig (above).
Ground rent, rent paid for the privilege of building on
another man's land.
Ground robin. (Zool.) See Chewink.
Ground room, a room on the ground floor; a lower room.
--Tatler.
Ground sea, the West Indian name for a swell of the ocean,
which occurs in calm weather and without obvious cause,
breaking on the shore in heavy roaring billows; -- called
also rollers, and in Jamaica, the North sea.
Ground sill. See Ground plate (a) (above).
Ground snake (Zool.), a small burrowing American snake
(Celuta am[oe]na). It is salmon colored, and has a blunt
tail.
Ground squirrel. (Zool.)
(a) One of numerous species of burrowing rodents of the
genera Tamias and Spermophilus, having cheek
pouches. The former genus includes the Eastern
striped squirrel or chipmunk and some allied Western
species; the latter includes the prairie squirrel or
striped gopher, the gray gopher, and many allied
Western species. See Chipmunk, and Gopher.
(b) Any species of the African genus Xerus, allied to
Tamias.
Ground story. Same as Ground floor (above).
Ground substance (Anat.), the intercellular substance, or
matrix, of tissues.
Ground swell.
(a) (Bot.) The plant groundsel. [Obs.] --Holland.
(b) A broad, deep swell or undulation of the ocean,
caused by a long continued gale, and felt even at a
remote distance after the gale has ceased.
Ground table. (Arch.) See Earth table, under Earth.
Ground tackle (Naut.), the tackle necessary to secure a
vessel at anchor. --Totten.
Ground thrush (Zool.), one of numerous species of
bright-colored Oriental birds of the family Pittid[ae].
See Pitta.
Ground tier.
(a) The lowest tier of water casks in a vessel's hold.
--Totten.
(b) The lowest line of articles of any kind stowed in a
vessel's hold.
(c) The lowest range of boxes in a theater.
Ground timbers (Shipbuilding) the timbers which lie on the
keel and are bolted to the keelson; floor timbers.
--Knight.
Ground tit. (Zool.) See Ground wren (below).
Ground wheel, that wheel of a harvester, mowing machine,
etc., which, rolling on the ground, drives the mechanism.
Ground wren (Zool.), a small California bird ({Cham[ae]a
fasciata}) allied to the wrens and titmice. It inhabits
the arid plains. Called also ground tit, and wren tit.
To bite the ground, To break ground. See under Bite,
Break.
To come to the ground, To fall to the ground, to come to
nothing; to fail; to miscarry.
To gain ground.
(a) To advance; to proceed forward in conflict; as, an
army in battle gains ground.
(b) To obtain an advantage; to have some success; as, the
army gains ground on the enemy.
(c) To gain credit; to become more prosperous or
influential.
To get ground, or To gather ground, to gain ground. [R.]
"Evening mist . . . gathers ground fast." --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
There is no way for duty to prevail, and get ground
of them, but by bidding higher. --South.
To give ground, to recede; to yield advantage.
[1913 Webster]
These nine . . . began to give me ground. --Shak.
To lose ground, to retire; to retreat; to withdraw from the
position taken; hence, to lose advantage; to lose credit
or reputation; to decline.
To stand one's ground, to stand firm; to resist attack or
encroachment. --Atterbury.
To take the ground to touch bottom or become stranded; --
said of a ship.
[1913 Webster]gypsyweed \gypsyweed\ n.
A common hairy European perennial (Veronica officinalis)
with pale blue or lilac flowers in axillary racemes.
Syn: common speedwell, Veronica officinalis.
[WordNet 1.5] |
Vincetoxicum officinale
(gcide) | Swallowwort \Swal"low*wort`\, n. (Bot.)
(a) See Celandine.
(b) A poisonous plant (Vincetoxicum officinale) of the
Milkweed family, at one time used in medicine; -- also
called white swallowwort.
[1913 Webster]
African swallowwort, a plant of the genus Stapelia.
[1913 Webster]Vincetoxin \Vin`ce*tox"in\, n. (Chem.)
A glucoside extracted from the root of the white swallowwort
(Vincetoxicum officinale, a plant of the Asclepias family)
as a bitter yellow amorphous substance; -- called also
asclepiadin, and cynanchin.
[1913 Webster] |
Zingiber officinale
(gcide) | Ginger \Gin"ger\, n. [OE. ginger, gingever, gingivere, OF.
gengibre, gingimbre, F. gingembre, L. zingiber, zingiberi,
fr. Gr. ?; of Oriental origin; cf. Ar. & Pers. zenjeb[imac]l,
fr. Skr. [,c][.r][.n]gav["e]ra, prop., hornshaped; ???ga horn
+ v["e]ra body.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Zingiber, of the East and
West Indies. The species most known is {Zingiber
officinale}.
[1913 Webster]
2. The hot and spicy rootstock of Zingiber officinale,
which is much used in cookery and in medicine.
[1913 Webster]
Ginger ale
(a) a soft drink flavored with ginger and carbonated.
(a) See ginger beer, below.
Ginger beer or Ginger ale, a mild beer impregnated with
ginger.
Ginger cordial, a liquor made from ginger, raisins, lemon
rind, and water, and sometimes whisky or brandy.
Ginger pop. See Ginger ale (above).
Ginger wine, wine impregnated with ginger.
Wild ginger (Bot.), an American herb (Asarum Canadense)
with two reniform leaves and a long, cordlike rootstock
which has a strong taste of ginger.
[1913 Webster] |
alliaria officinalis
(wn) | Alliaria officinalis
n 1: European herb that smells like garlic [syn: {garlic
mustard}, hedge garlic, sauce-alone, {jack-by-the-
hedge}, Alliaria officinalis] |
alpinia officinalis
(wn) | Alpinia officinalis
n 1: Chinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of white flowers
and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as
flavoring [syn: lesser galangal, Alpinia officinarum,
Alpinia officinalis] |
althea officinalis
(wn) | Althea officinalis
n 1: European perennial plant naturalized in United States
having triangular ovate leaves and lilac-pink flowers [syn:
marsh mallow, white mallow, Althea officinalis] |
anchusa officinalis
(wn) | Anchusa officinalis
n 1: perennial or biennial herb cultivated for its delicate
usually blue flowers [syn: bugloss, alkanet, {Anchusa
officinalis}] |
asparagus officinales
(wn) | Asparagus officinales
n 1: plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as
a vegetable [syn: asparagus, edible asparagus,
Asparagus officinales] |
avicennia officinalis
(wn) | Avicennia officinalis
n 1: a small to medium-sized tree growing in brackish water
especially along the shores of the southwestern Pacific
[syn: white mangrove, Avicennia officinalis] |
borago officinalis
(wn) | Borago officinalis
n 1: hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in
herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked
like spinach [syn: borage, tailwort, {Borago
officinalis}] |
calendula officinalis
(wn) | Calendula officinalis
n 1: the common European annual marigold [syn: {common
marigold}, pot marigold, ruddles, Scotch marigold,
Calendula officinalis] |
cinchona officinalis
(wn) | Cinchona officinalis
n 1: Peruvian shrub or small tree having large glossy leaves and
cymes of fragrant yellow to green or red flowers;
cultivated for its medicinal bark [syn: calisaya,
Cinchona officinalis, Cinchona ledgeriana, {Cinchona
calisaya}] |
cochlearia officinalis
(wn) | Cochlearia officinalis
n 1: a widely distributed Arctic cress reputed to have value in
treatment or prevention of scurvy; a concentrated source of
vitamin C [syn: scurvy grass, common scurvy grass,
Cochlearia officinalis] |
cynoglossum officinale
(wn) | Cynoglossum officinale
n 1: biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse
tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers [syn:
hound's-tongue, Cynoglossum officinale] |
fumaria officinalis
(wn) | Fumaria officinalis
n 1: delicate European herb with greyish leaves and spikes of
purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally [syn:
fumitory, fumewort, fumeroot, Fumaria officinalis] |
galega officinalis
(wn) | Galega officinalis
n 1: tall bushy European perennial grown for its pinnate foliage
and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used
medicinally [syn: goat's rue, goat rue, {Galega
officinalis}] |
guaiacum officinale
(wn) | Guaiacum officinale
n 1: small evergreen tree of Caribbean and southern Central
America to northern South America; a source of lignum vitae
wood, hardest of commercial timbers, and a medicinal resin
[syn: lignum vitae, Guaiacum officinale] |
hyssopus officinalis
(wn) | Hyssopus officinalis
n 1: a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in
perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated
as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil [syn: hyssop,
Hyssopus officinalis] |
jasminum officinale
(wn) | Jasminum officinale
n 1: a climbing deciduous shrub with fragrant white or yellow or
red flowers used in perfume and to flavor tea [syn: {common
jasmine}, true jasmine, jessamine, {Jasminum
officinale}] |
lavandula officinalis
(wn) | Lavandula officinalis
n 1: aromatic Mediterranean shrub widely cultivated for its
lilac flowers which are dried and used in sachets [syn:
English lavender, Lavandula angustifolia, {Lavandula
officinalis}] |
levisticum officinale
(wn) | Levisticum officinale
n 1: herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible
stalks and foliage and seeds [syn: lovage, {Levisticum
officinale}] |
lithospermum officinale
(wn) | Lithospermum officinale
n 1: European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and
at the edge of woodlands [syn: gromwell, {Lithospermum
officinale}] |
|