| slovo | definícia |
perl
(foldoc) | Perl
A high-level programming language, started
by Larry Wall in 1987 and developed as an open source
project. It has an eclectic heritage, deriving from the
ubiquitous C programming language and to a lesser extent
from sed, awk, various Unix shell languages, Lisp,
and at least a dozen other tools and languages. Originally
developed for Unix, it is now available for many
platforms.
Perl's elaborate support for regular expression matching and
substitution has made it the language of choice for tasks
involving string manipulation, whether for text or binary
data. It is particularly popular for writing CGI scripts.
The language's highly flexible syntax and concise regular
expression operators, make densely written Perl code
indecipherable to the uninitiated. The syntax is, however,
really quite simple and powerful and, once the basics have
been mastered, a joy to write.
Perl's only primitive data type is the "scalar", which can
hold a number, a string, the undefined value, or a typed
reference. Perl's aggregate data types are arrays, which
are ordered lists of scalars indexed by natural numbers,
and hashes (or "associative arrays") which are unordered
lists of scalars indexed by strings. A reference can point to
a scalar, array, hash, function, or filehandle. Objects
are implemented as references "blessed" with a class name.
Strings in Perl are eight-bit clean, including nulls, and
so can contain binary data.
Unlike C but like most Lisp dialects, Perl internally and
dynamically handles all memory allocation, {garbage
collection}, and type coercion.
Perl supports closures, recursive functions, symbols
with either lexical scope or dynamic scope, nested {data
structures} of arbitrary content and complexity (as lists or
hashes of references), and packages (which can serve as
classes, optionally inheriting methods from one or more
other classes). There is ongoing work on threads,
Unicode, exceptions, and backtracking. Perl program
files can contain embedded documentation in POD (Plain Old
Documentation), a simple markup language.
The normal Perl distribution contains documentation for the
language, as well as over a hundred modules (program
libraries). Hundreds more are available from The
Comprehensive Perl Archive Network. Modules are themselves
generally written in Perl, but can be implemented as
interfaces to code in other languages, typically compiled C.
The free availability of modules for almost any conceivable
task, as well as the fact that Perl offers direct access to
almost all system calls and places no arbitrary limits on
data structure size or complexity, has led some to describe
Perl, in a parody of a famous remark about lex, as the
"Swiss Army chainsaw" of programming.
The use of Perl has grown significantly since its adoption as
the language of choice of many web developers.
CGI interfaces and libraries for Perl exist for several
platforms and Perl's speed and flexibility make it well
suited for form processing and on-the-fly web page creation.
Perl programs are generally stored as text source files,
which are compiled into virtual machine code at run time;
this, in combination with its rich variety of data types and
its common use as a glue language, makes Perl somewhat hard to
classify as either a "scripting language" or an
"applications language" -- see Ousterhout's dichotomy.
Perl programs are usually called "Perl scripts", if only for
historical reasons.
Version 5 was a major rewrite and enhancement of version 4,
released sometime before November 1993. It added real {data
structures} by way of "references", un-adorned subroutine
calls, and method inheritance.
The spelling "Perl" is preferred over the older "PERL" (even
though some explain the language's name as originating in the
acronym for "Practical Extraction and Report Language"). The
program that interprets/compiles Perl code is called
"perl", typically "/usr/local/bin/perl" or "/usr/bin/perl".
(http://perl.com/).
Usenet newsgroups: news:comp.lang.perl.announce,
news:comp.lang.perl.misc.
["Programming Perl", Larry Wall and Randal L. Schwartz,
O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. Sebastopol, CA. ISBN
0-93715-64-1].
["Learning Perl" by Randal L. Schwartz, O'Reilly & Associates,
Inc., Sebastopol, CA].
[Jargon File]
(1999-12-04)
|
perl
(jargon) | Perl
/perl/, n.
[Practical Extraction and Report Language, a.k.a. Pathologically Eclectic
Rubbish Lister] An interpreted language developed by Larry Wall, author of
patch(1) and rn(1)). Superficially resembles awk, but is much hairier,
including many facilities reminiscent of sed(1) and shells and a
comprehensive Unix system-call interface. Unix sysadmins, who are almost
always incorrigible hackers, generally consider it one of the {languages of
choice}, and it is by far the most widely used tool for making ‘live’ web
pages via CGI. Perl has been described, in a parody of a famous remark
about lex(1), as the Swiss-Army chainsaw of Unix programming. Though Perl
is very useful, it would be a stretch to describe it as pretty or {elegant
}; people who like clean, spare design generally prefer Python. See also
Camel Book, TMTOWTDI.
|
perl
(vera) | PERL
Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister (slang)
|
perl
(vera) | PERL
Practical Extraction and Report Language (PERL), "Perl"
|
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
properly
(mass) | properly
- poriadne, dôkladne, poriadne, správne |
perlovo biely
(msas) | perlovo biely
- pearly-white |
perlovo biely
(msasasci) | perlovo biely
- pearly-white |
hyperlink
(encz) | hyperlink,odkaz n: [it.] xkomczax |
hyperlipaemia
(encz) | hyperlipaemia, n: |
hyperlipemia
(encz) | hyperlipemia, n: |
hyperlipidaemia
(encz) | hyperlipidaemia, n: |
hyperlipidemia
(encz) | hyperlipidemia, n: |
hyperlipoidaemia
(encz) | hyperlipoidaemia, n: |
hyperlipoidemia
(encz) | hyperlipoidemia, n: |
hyperlipoproteinemia
(encz) | hyperlipoproteinemia, n: |
improperly
(encz) | improperly,nesprávně adv: Zdeněk Brož |
paperless
(encz) | paperless,bezpapírový adj: Zdeněk Brožpaperless,elektronická např. administrativa n: Zdeněk Brož |
paperless security
(encz) | paperless security, |
paperlike
(encz) | paperlike, adj: |
perle
(encz) | Perle, |
perleche
(encz) | perleche, n: |
properly
(encz) | properly,důkladně adv: Zdeněk Brožproperly,náležitě adv: Zdeněk Brožproperly,pořádně adv: Zdeněk Brožproperly,řádně adv: Zdeněk Brožproperly,správně adv: Zdeněk Brož |
properly speaking
(encz) | properly speaking, adv: |
superlative
(encz) | superlative,superlativ n: luno |
superlatively
(encz) | superlatively,excelentně adv: Zdeněk Brož |
superload
(encz) | superload, n: |
superlunar
(encz) | superlunar,superlunární Zdeněk Brož |
superlunary
(encz) | superlunary, adj: |
supperless
(encz) | supperless, adj: |
lovit perly
(czen) | lovit perly,pearlv: Zdeněk Brož |
neperlivý
(czen) | neperlivý,stilladj: nápoj Pino |
operlený
(czen) | operlený,beadedadj: Zdeněk Brož |
perla
(czen) | perla,pearln: |
perleť
(czen) | perleť,mother-of-pearl Zdeněk Brožperleť,nacren: perleť,pearln: Zdeněk Brož |
perleťový
(czen) | perleťový,nacreousadj: perleťový,pearledadj: Zdeněk Brož |
perlit
(czen) | perlit,pearliten: Zdeněk Brož |
perlička
(czen) | perlička,beadn: Zdeněk Brožperlička,guinea fowln: Zdeněk Brožperlička,studn: Pino |
perlový
(czen) | perlový,pearladj: Zdeněk Brožperlový,pearlyadj: Martin Král |
perlový náhrdelník
(czen) | perlový náhrdelník,necklace, cultured pearl necklacen: šperk MPEG |
perly
(czen) | perly,pearlsn: pl. Martin Král |
perlík
(czen) | perlík,sledge hammern: Zdeněk Brožperlík,sledgehammern: Zdeněk Brož |
samice perličky
(czen) | samice perličky,guinea henn: [zoo.] kurovitý pták Petr Prášek |
superlativ
(czen) | superlativ,superlativen: luno |
superlep
(czen) | superlep,supergluen: Zdeněk Brož |
superliga
(czen) | superliga,majorsn: Zdeněk Brož |
superlunární
(czen) | superlunární,superlunar Zdeněk Brož |
Absolute superlative
(gcide) | Superlative \Su`per*la"tive\, n.
1. That which is highest or most eminent; the utmost degree.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Gram.)
(a) The superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs;
also, a form or word by which the superlative degree
is expressed; as, strongest, wisest, most stormy,
least windy, are all superlatives.
[1913 Webster]
Absolute superlative, a superlative in an absolute rather
than in a comparative or exclusive sense. See Elative.
[1913 Webster] |
Attemperly
(gcide) | Attemperly \At*tem"per*ly\, adv.
Temperately. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster] |
Chloroperla viridis
(gcide) | Willow \Wil"low\, n. [OE. wilowe, wilwe, AS. wilig, welig; akin
to OD. wilge, D. wilg, LG. wilge. Cf. Willy.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Bot.) Any tree or shrub of the genus Salix, including
many species, most of which are characterized often used
as an emblem of sorrow, desolation, or desertion. "A
wreath of willow to show my forsaken plight." --Sir W.
Scott. Hence, a lover forsaken by, or having lost, the
person beloved, is said to wear the willow.
[1913 Webster]
And I must wear the willow garland
For him that's dead or false to me. --Campbell.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Textile Manuf.) A machine in which cotton or wool is
opened and cleansed by the action of long spikes
projecting from a drum which revolves within a box studded
with similar spikes; -- probably so called from having
been originally a cylindrical cage made of willow rods,
though some derive the term from winnow, as denoting the
winnowing, or cleansing, action of the machine. Called
also willy, twilly, twilly devil, and devil.
[1913 Webster]
Almond willow, Pussy willow, Weeping willow. (Bot.) See
under Almond, Pussy, and Weeping.
Willow biter (Zool.) the blue tit. [Prov. Eng.]
Willow fly (Zool.), a greenish European stone fly
(Chloroperla viridis); -- called also yellow Sally.
Willow gall (Zool.), a conical, scaly gall produced on
willows by the larva of a small dipterous fly ({Cecidomyia
strobiloides}).
Willow grouse (Zool.), the white ptarmigan. See
ptarmigan.
Willow lark (Zool.), the sedge warbler. [Prov. Eng.]
Willow ptarmigan (Zool.)
(a) The European reed bunting, or black-headed bunting.
See under Reed.
(b) A sparrow (Passer salicicolus) native of Asia,
Africa, and Southern Europe.
Willow tea, the prepared leaves of a species of willow
largely grown in the neighborhood of Shanghai, extensively
used by the poorer classes of Chinese as a substitute for
tea. --McElrath.
Willow thrush (Zool.), a variety of the veery, or Wilson's
thrush. See Veery.
Willow warbler (Zool.), a very small European warbler
(Phylloscopus trochilus); -- called also bee bird,
haybird, golden wren, pettychaps, sweet William,
Tom Thumb, and willow wren.
[1913 Webster] |
Dapperling
(gcide) | Dapperling \Dap"per*ling\, n.
A dwarf; a dandiprat. [r.]
[1913 Webster] |
eperlan
(gcide) | Smelt \Smelt\, n. [AS. smelt, smylt; akin to Dan. smelt.]
1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of small silvery
salmonoid fishes of the genus Osmerus and allied genera,
which ascend rivers to spawn, and sometimes become
landlocked in lakes. They are esteemed as food, and have a
peculiar odor and taste.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The most important species are the European smelt
(Osmerus eperlans) (called also eperlan,
sparling, and spirling), the Eastern American smelt
(Osmerus mordax), the California smelt ({Osmerus
thalichthys}), and the surf smelt (Hypomesus olidus).
The name is loosely applied to various other small
fishes, as the lant, the California tomcod, the spawn
eater, the silversides.
[1913 Webster]
2. Fig.: A gull; a simpleton. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
[1913 Webster]
Sand smelt (Zool.), the silverside.
[1913 Webster]'Eperlan \['E]`per`lan"\, n. [F. ['e]perlan, fr. G. spierling.
See Sparling.] (Zo["o]l.)
The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
[1913 Webster] |
'Eperlan
(gcide) | Smelt \Smelt\, n. [AS. smelt, smylt; akin to Dan. smelt.]
1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of small silvery
salmonoid fishes of the genus Osmerus and allied genera,
which ascend rivers to spawn, and sometimes become
landlocked in lakes. They are esteemed as food, and have a
peculiar odor and taste.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The most important species are the European smelt
(Osmerus eperlans) (called also eperlan,
sparling, and spirling), the Eastern American smelt
(Osmerus mordax), the California smelt ({Osmerus
thalichthys}), and the surf smelt (Hypomesus olidus).
The name is loosely applied to various other small
fishes, as the lant, the California tomcod, the spawn
eater, the silversides.
[1913 Webster]
2. Fig.: A gull; a simpleton. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
[1913 Webster]
Sand smelt (Zool.), the silverside.
[1913 Webster]'Eperlan \['E]`per`lan"\, n. [F. ['e]perlan, fr. G. spierling.
See Sparling.] (Zo["o]l.)
The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
[1913 Webster] |
Heptrachias perlo
(gcide) | Shark \Shark\ (sh[aum]rk), n. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps
through OF. fr. carcharus a kind of dogfish, Gr. karchari`as,
so called from its sharp teeth, fr. ka`rcharos having sharp
or jagged teeth; or perhaps named from its rapacity (cf.
Shark, v. t. & i.); cf. Corn. scarceas.]
1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of elasmobranch fishes
of the order Plagiostomi, found in all seas.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Some sharks, as the basking shark and the whale shark,
grow to an enormous size, the former becoming forty
feet or more, and the latter sixty feet or more, in
length. Most of them are harmless to man, but some are
exceedingly voracious. The man-eating sharks mostly
belong to the genera Carcharhinus, Carcharodon, and
related genera. They have several rows of large sharp
teeth with serrated edges, as the great white shark
(Carcharodon carcharias or Carcharodon Rondeleti)
of tropical seas, and the great blue shark
(Carcharhinus glaucus syn. Prionace glauca) of all
tropical and temperate seas. The former sometimes
becomes thirty-six feet long, and is the most voracious
and dangerous species known. The rare man-eating shark
of the United States coast (Carcharodon Atwoodi) is
thought by some to be a variety, or the young, of
Carcharodon carcharias. The dusky shark
(Carcharhinus obscurus) is a common species on the
coast of the United States of moderate size and not
dangerous. It feeds on shellfish and bottom fishes.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The original 1913 Webster also mentioned a "smaller
blue shark (C. caudatus)", but this species could not
be found mentioned on the Web (August 2002). The
following is a list of Atlantic Ocean sharks:
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Common and Scientific Names of Atlantic Sharks
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
from "Our Living Oceans 1995" (published by the
National Printing Office):
NMFS. 1999. Our Living Oceans. Report on the status of
U.S. living marine resources, 1999. U.S. Dep. Commer.,
NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-F/SPO-41, on-line version,
http://spo.nwr.noaa.gov/olo99.htm.
(the following list is found at at
http://spo.nwr.noaa.gov/app5.pdf)
(1) Pelagic Sharks
Thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus)
Bigeye thresher (Alopias superciliosus)
Oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus)
Sevengill shark (Heptrachias perlo)
Sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus)
Bigeye sixgill shark (Hexanchus vitulus)
Shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus)
Longfin mako (Isurus paucus)
Porbeagle (Lamna nasus)
Blue shark (Prionace glauca)
(2)Large Coastal Sharks
Sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus)
Reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi)
Blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus)
Dusky shark (Carcharhinus obscurus)
Spinner shark (Carcharhinus brevipinna)
Silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis)
Bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas)
Bignose shark (Carcharhinus altimus)
Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis)
Night shark (Carcharhinus signatus)
White shark (Carcharodon carcharias)
Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus)
Tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier)
Nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum)
Lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris)
Ragged-tooth shark (Odontaspis ferox)
Whale shark (Rhincodon typus)
Scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini)
Great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran)
Smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena)
(3) Small Coastal Sharks
Finetooth shark (Carcharhinus isodon)
Blacknose shark (Carcharhinus acronotus)
Atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon erraenovae)
Caribbean sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon porosus)
Bonnethead (Sphyrna tiburo)
Atlantic angel shark (Squatina dumeril)
[PJC]
2. A rapacious, artful person; a sharper. [Colloq.]
[1913 Webster]
3. Trickery; fraud; petty rapine; as, to live upon the shark.
[Obs.] --South.
[1913 Webster]
Basking shark, Liver shark, Nurse shark, Oil shark,
Sand shark, Tiger shark, etc. See under Basking,
Liver, etc. See also Dogfish, Houndfish,
Notidanian, and Tope.
Gray shark, the sand shark.
Hammer-headed shark. See Hammerhead.
Port Jackson shark. See Cestraciont.
Shark barrow, the eggcase of a shark; a sea purse.
Shark ray. Same as Angel fish
(a), under Angel.
Thrasher shark or Thresher shark, a large, voracious
shark. See Thrasher.
Whale shark, a huge harmless shark (Rhinodon typicus) of
the Indian Ocean. It becomes sixty feet or more in length,
but has very small teeth.
[1913 Webster] |
hyperlipemia
(gcide) | lipemia \lip*e"mi*a\ (l[i^]p*[=e]"m[-e]*[.a]), n. [Gr. li`pos
fat + 'ai^ma blood.] (Med.)
The presence of an abnormally high concentration of lipid in
the blood. Called also hyperlipemia, hyperlipidemia,
hyperlipoidemia, lipidemia, lipoidemia.
[PJC] lipfern |
hyperlipidemia
(gcide) | lipemia \lip*e"mi*a\ (l[i^]p*[=e]"m[-e]*[.a]), n. [Gr. li`pos
fat + 'ai^ma blood.] (Med.)
The presence of an abnormally high concentration of lipid in
the blood. Called also hyperlipemia, hyperlipidemia,
hyperlipoidemia, lipidemia, lipoidemia.
[PJC] lipfern |
hyperlipoidemia
(gcide) | lipemia \lip*e"mi*a\ (l[i^]p*[=e]"m[-e]*[.a]), n. [Gr. li`pos
fat + 'ai^ma blood.] (Med.)
The presence of an abnormally high concentration of lipid in
the blood. Called also hyperlipemia, hyperlipidemia,
hyperlipoidemia, lipidemia, lipoidemia.
[PJC] lipfern |
Improperly
(gcide) | Improperly \Im*prop"er*ly\, adv.
In an improper manner; not properly; unsuitably;
unbecomingly.
[1913 Webster] |
Madreperl
(gcide) | Madreperl \Ma"dre*perl\, n. [It. madreperla.]
Mother-of-pearl.
[1913 Webster] |
Osmerus eperlans
(gcide) | Smelt \Smelt\, n. [AS. smelt, smylt; akin to Dan. smelt.]
1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of small silvery
salmonoid fishes of the genus Osmerus and allied genera,
which ascend rivers to spawn, and sometimes become
landlocked in lakes. They are esteemed as food, and have a
peculiar odor and taste.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The most important species are the European smelt
(Osmerus eperlans) (called also eperlan,
sparling, and spirling), the Eastern American smelt
(Osmerus mordax), the California smelt ({Osmerus
thalichthys}), and the surf smelt (Hypomesus olidus).
The name is loosely applied to various other small
fishes, as the lant, the California tomcod, the spawn
eater, the silversides.
[1913 Webster]
2. Fig.: A gull; a simpleton. [Obs.] --Beau. & Fl.
[1913 Webster]
Sand smelt (Zool.), the silverside.
[1913 Webster] |
Osmerus eperlanus
(gcide) | Sparling \Spar"ling\, n. [Akin to G. spierling, spiering, D.
spiering: cf. F. ['e]perlan.] (Zool.)
(a) The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
(b) A young salmon.
(c) A tern. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
[1913 Webster]'Eperlan \['E]`per`lan"\, n. [F. ['e]perlan, fr. G. spierling.
See Sparling.] (Zo["o]l.)
The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
[1913 Webster] |
Perlaceous
(gcide) | Perlaceous \Per*la"ceous\, a. [See Pearl.]
Pearly; resembling pearl.
[1913 Webster] |
Perlid
(gcide) | Perlid \Per"lid\, n. (Zool.)
Any insect of the genus Perla, or family Perlid[ae]. See
Stone fly, under Stone.
[1913 Webster] |
Perlite
(gcide) | Perlite \Per"lite\, n. (Min.)
Same as Pearlite.
[1913 Webster] |
Perlitic
(gcide) | Perlitic \Per*lit"ic\, a. (Min.)
Relating to or resembling perlite, or pearlstone; as, the
perlitic structure of certain rocks. See Pearlite.
[1913 Webster] |
Perlous
(gcide) | Perlous \Per"lous\, a.
Perilous. [Obs.] --Spenser.
[1913 Webster] |
Perlustration
(gcide) | Perlustration \Per`lus*tra"tion\, n. [L. perlustrare to wander
all through, to survey. See 3d Luster.]
The act of viewing all over. [Archaic] --Howell.
[1913 Webster] |
Properly
(gcide) | Properly \Prop"er*ly\, adv.
[1913 Webster]
1. In a proper manner; suitably; fitly; strictly; rightly;
as, a word properly applied; a dress properly adjusted.
--Milton.
[1913 Webster]
2. Individually; after one's own manner. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
Now, harkeneth, how I bare me properly. --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster] |
Sperling
(gcide) | Sperling \Sper"ling\, n. [See Sparling.] (Zool.)
(a) A smelt; a sparling. [Prov. Eng.]
(b) A young herring. [Local, U.S.]
[1913 Webster] |
Superlation
(gcide) | Superlation \Su`per*la"tion\, n. [L. superlatio. See
Superlative.]
Exaltation of anything beyond truth or propriety. [Obs.] --B.
Jonson.
[1913 Webster] |
Superlative
(gcide) | Superlative \Su`per*la"tive\, n.
1. That which is highest or most eminent; the utmost degree.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Gram.)
(a) The superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs;
also, a form or word by which the superlative degree
is expressed; as, strongest, wisest, most stormy,
least windy, are all superlatives.
[1913 Webster]
Absolute superlative, a superlative in an absolute rather
than in a comparative or exclusive sense. See Elative.
[1913 Webster]Superlative \Su`per*la"tive\, a. [L. superlativus, fr.
superlatus excessive, used as p. p. of superiorferre, but
from a different root: cf. F. superlatif. See Elate,
Tolerate.]
1. Lifted up to the highest degree; most eminent; surpassing
all other; supreme; as, superlative wisdom or prudence; a
woman of superlative beauty; the superlative glory of the
divine character.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Gram.) Expressing the highest or lowest degree of the
quality, manner, etc., denoted by an adjective or an
adverb. The superlative degree is formed from the positive
by the use of -est, most, or least; as, highest, most
pleasant, least bright.
[1913 Webster] -- Su`per*la"tive*ly, adv. --
Su`per*la"tive*ness, n.
[1913 Webster] |
|