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Thlaspi arvense
(gcide) | Penny \Pen*ny\, n.; pl. Penniesor Pence (p[e^]ns). Pennies
denotes the number of coins; pence the amount of pennies in
value. [OE. peni, AS. penig, pening, pending; akin to D.
penning, OHG. pfenning, pfenting, G. pfennig, Icel. penningr;
of uncertain origin.]
1. A former English coin, originally of copper, then of
bronze, the twelfth part of an English shilling in account
value, and equal to four farthings, or about two cents; --
usually indicated by the abbreviation d. (the initial of
denarius).
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Note: "The chief Anglo-Saxon coin, and for a long period the
only one, corresponded to the denarius of the Continent
. . . [and was] called penny, denarius, or denier."
--R. S. Poole. The ancient silver penny was worth about
three pence sterling (see Pennyweight). The old
Scotch penny was only one twelfth the value of the
English coin. In the United States the word penny is
popularly used for cent.
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2. Any small sum or coin; a groat; a stiver. --Shak.
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3. Money, in general; as, to turn an honest penny.
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What penny hath Rome borne,
What men provided, what munition sent? --Shak.
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4. (Script.) See Denarius.
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Penny cress (Bot.), an annual herb of the Mustard family,
having round, flat pods like silver pennies ({Thlaspi
arvense}). Also spelled pennycress. --Dr. Prior.
Penny dog (Zool.), a kind of shark found on the South coast
of Britain: the tope.
Penny pincher, Penny father, a penurious person; a miser;
a niggard. The latter phrase is now obsolete. --Robinson
(More's Utopia).
Penny grass (Bot.), pennyroyal. [R.]
Penny post, a post carrying a letter for a penny; also, a
mail carrier.
Penny wise, wise or prudent only in small matters; saving
small sums while losing larger; penny-wise; -- used
chiefly in the phrase, penny wise and pound foolish.
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Thlaspi arvense
(gcide) | Mustard \Mus"tard\, n. [OF. moustarde, F. moutarde, fr. L.
mustum must, -- mustard was prepared for use by being mixed
with must. See Must, n.]
1. (Bot.) The name of several cruciferous plants of the genus
Brassica (formerly Sinapis), as white mustard
(Brassica alba), black mustard (Brassica Nigra),
wild mustard or charlock (Brassica Sinapistrum).
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Note: There are also many herbs of the same family which are
called mustard, and have more or less of the flavor of
the true mustard; as, bowyer's mustard ({Lepidium
ruderale}); hedge mustard (Sisymbrium officinale);
Mithridate mustard (Thlaspi arvense); tower mustard
(Arabis perfoliata); treacle mustard ({Erysimum
cheiranthoides}).
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2. A powder or a paste made from the seeds of black or white
mustard, used as a condiment and a rubefacient. Taken
internally it is stimulant and diuretic, and in large
doses is emetic.
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Mustard oil (Chem.), a substance obtained from mustard, as
a transparent, volatile and intensely pungent oil. The
name is also extended to a number of analogous compounds
produced either naturally or artificially.
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thlaspi arvense
(wn) | Thlaspi arvense
n 1: foetid Eurasian weed having round flat pods; naturalized
throughout North America [syn: field pennycress, {French
weed}, fanweed, penny grass, stinkweed, {mithridate
mustard}, Thlaspi arvense] |
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