| slovo | definícia |
chords
(encz) | chords,akordy n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
chords
(gcide) | Chord \Chord\ (k[^o]rd), n. [L chorda a gut, a string made of a
gut, Gr. chordh`. In the sense of a string or small rope, in
general, it is written cord. See Cord.]
1. The string of a musical instrument. --Milton.
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2. (Mus.) A combination of tones simultaneously performed,
producing more or less perfect harmony, as, the common
chord.
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3. (Geom.) A right line uniting the extremities of the arc of
a circle or curve.
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4. (Anat.) A cord. See Cord, n., 4.
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5. (Engin.) The upper or lower part of a truss, usually
horizontal, resisting compression or tension. --Waddell.
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Accidental, Common, & Vocal chords. See under
Accidental, Common, and Vocal.
Chord of an arch. See Illust. of Arch.
Chord of curvature, a chord drawn from any point of a
curve, in the circle of curvature for that point.
Scale of chords. See Scale.
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Accidental chords
(gcide) | Accidental \Ac`ci*den"tal\, a. [Cf. F. accidentel, earlier
accidental.]
1. Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not
according to the usual course of things; casual;
fortuitous; as, an accidental visit.
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2. Nonessential; not necessary belonging; incidental; as, are
accidental to a play.
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Accidental chords (Mus.), those which contain one or more
tones foreign to their proper harmony.
Accidental colors (Opt.), colors depending on the
hypersensibility of the retina of the eye for
complementary colors. They are purely subjective
sensations of color which often result from the
contemplation of actually colored bodies.
Accidental point (Persp.), the point in which a right line,
drawn from the eye, parallel to a given right line, cuts
the perspective plane; so called to distinguish it from
the principal point, or point of view, where a line drawn
from the eye perpendicular to the perspective plane meets
this plane.
Accidental lights (Paint.), secondary lights; effects of
light other than ordinary daylight, such as the rays of
the sun darting through a cloud, or between the leaves of
trees; the effect of moonlight, candlelight, or burning
bodies. --Fairholt.
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Syn: Casual; fortuitous; contingent; occasional;
adventitious.
Usage: Accidental, Incidental, Casual, Fortuitous,
Contingent. We speak of a thing as accidental when
it falls out as by chance, and not in the regular
course of things; as, an accidental meeting, an
accidental advantage, etc. We call a thing incidental
when it falls, as it were, into some regular course of
things, but is secondary, and forms no essential part
thereof; as, an incremental remark, an incidental
evil, an incidental benefit. We speak of a thing as
casual, when it falls out or happens, as it were, by
mere chance, without being prearranged or
premeditated; as, a casual remark or encounter; a
casual observer. An idea of the unimportant is
attached to what is casual. Fortuitous is applied to
what occurs without any known cause, and in opposition
to what has been foreseen; as, a fortuitous concourse
of atoms. We call a thing contingent when it is such
that, considered in itself, it may or may not happen,
but is dependent for its existence on something else;
as, the time of my coming will be contingent on
intelligence yet to be received.
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Conjoint tetrachords
(gcide) | Conjoint \Con*joint"\, a. [F. conjoint, p. p. of conjoindre. See
Conjoin, and cf. Conjunct.]
United; connected; associated. "Influence conjoint."
--Glover.
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Conjoint degrees (Mus.), two notes which follow each other
immediately in the order of the scale, as ut and re.
--Johnson.
Conjoint tetrachords (Mus.), two tetrachords or fourths,
where the same note is the highest of one and the lowest
of the other; -- also written conjunct.
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Consecutive chords
(gcide) | Consecutive \Con*sec"u*tive\, a. [Cf. F. cons['e]cutif. See
Consequent.]
1. Following in a train; succeeding one another in a regular
order; successive; uninterrupted in course or succession;
with no interval or break; as, fifty consecutive years.
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2. Following as a consequence or result; actually or
logically dependent; consequential; succeeding.
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The actions of a man consecutive to volition.
--Locke.
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3. (Mus.) Having similarity of sequence; -- said of certain
parallel progressions of two parts in a piece of harmony;
as, consecutive fifths, or consecutive octaves, which are
forbidden.
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Consecutive chords (Mus.), chords of the same kind
succeeding one another without interruption.
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Disjunct tetrachords
(gcide) | Disjunct \Dis*junct"\ (d[i^]s*j[u^][ng]kt"), a. [L. disjunctus,
p. p. of disjungere to disjoin. See Disjoin, and cf.
Disjoint.]
1. Disjoined; separated. [R.]
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2. (Zool.) Having the head, thorax, and abdomen separated by
a deep constriction.
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Disjunct tetrachords (Mus.), tetrachords so disposed to
each other that the gravest note of the upper is one note
higher than the acutest note of the other.
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Irrelative chords
(gcide) | Irrelative \Ir*rel"a*tive\, a.
Not relative; without mutual relations; unconnected. --
Ir*rel"a*tive*ly, adv.
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Irrelative chords (Mus.), those having no common tone.
Irrelative repetition (Biol.), the multiplication of parts
that serve for a common purpose, but have no mutual
dependence or connection. --Owen.
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Scale of chords
(gcide) | Scale \Scale\, n. [L. scalae, pl., scala staircase, ladder; akin
to scandere to climb. See Scan; cf. Escalade.]
1. A ladder; a series of steps; a means of ascending. [Obs.]
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2. Hence, anything graduated, especially when employed as a
measure or rule, or marked by lines at regular intervals.
Specifically:
(a) A mathematical instrument, consisting of a slip of
wood, ivory, or metal, with one or more sets of spaces
graduated and numbered on its surface, for measuring
or laying off distances, etc., as in drawing,
plotting, and the like. See Gunter's scale.
(b) A series of spaces marked by lines, and representing
proportionately larger distances; as, a scale of
miles, yards, feet, etc., for a map or plan.
(c) A basis for a numeral system; as, the decimal scale;
the binary scale, etc.
(d) (Mus.) The graduated series of all the tones,
ascending or descending, from the keynote to its
octave; -- called also the gamut. It may be repeated
through any number of octaves. See Chromatic scale,
Diatonic scale, Major scale, and Minor scale,
under Chromatic, Diatonic, Major, and Minor.
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3. Gradation; succession of ascending and descending steps
and degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative
rank or order; as, a scale of being.
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There is a certain scale of duties . . . which for
want of studying in right order, all the world is in
confusion. --Milton.
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4. Relative dimensions, without difference in proportion of
parts; size or degree of the parts or components in any
complex thing, compared with other like things;
especially, the relative proportion of the linear
dimensions of the parts of a drawing, map, model, etc., to
the dimensions of the corresponding parts of the object
that is represented; as, a map on a scale of an inch to a
mile.
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Scale of chords, a graduated scale on which are given the
lengths of the chords of arcs from 0[deg] to 90[deg] in a
circle of given radius, -- used in measuring given angles
and in plotting angles of given numbers of degrees.
[1913 Webster]Chord \Chord\ (k[^o]rd), n. [L chorda a gut, a string made of a
gut, Gr. chordh`. In the sense of a string or small rope, in
general, it is written cord. See Cord.]
1. The string of a musical instrument. --Milton.
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2. (Mus.) A combination of tones simultaneously performed,
producing more or less perfect harmony, as, the common
chord.
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3. (Geom.) A right line uniting the extremities of the arc of
a circle or curve.
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4. (Anat.) A cord. See Cord, n., 4.
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5. (Engin.) The upper or lower part of a truss, usually
horizontal, resisting compression or tension. --Waddell.
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Accidental, Common, & Vocal chords. See under
Accidental, Common, and Vocal.
Chord of an arch. See Illust. of Arch.
Chord of curvature, a chord drawn from any point of a
curve, in the circle of curvature for that point.
Scale of chords. See Scale.
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Supplementary chords
(gcide) | Supplemental \Sup`ple*men"tal\, Supplementary
\Sup`ple*men"ta*ry\, a. [Cf. F. suppl['e]mentaire.]
Added to supply what is wanted; additional; being, or serving
as, a supplement; as, a supplemental law; a supplementary
sheet or volume.
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Supplemental air (Physiol.), the air which in addition to
the residual air remains in the lungs after ordinary
expiration, but which, unlike the residual air, can be
expelled; reserve air.
Supplemental bill (Equity), a bill filed in aid of an
original bill to supply some deffect in the latter, or to
set forth new facts which can not be done by amendment.
--Burrill. --Daniel.
Supplementary chords (Math.), in an ellipse or hyperbola,
any two chords drawn through the extremities of a
diameter, and intersecting on the curve.
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Vocal chords
(gcide) | Vocal \Vo"cal\ (v[=o]"kal), a. [L. vocalis, fr. vox, vocis,
voice: cf. F. vocal. See Voice, and cf. Vowel.]
1. Of or pertaining to the voice or speech; having voice;
endowed with utterance; full of voice, or voices.
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To hill or valley, fountain, or fresh shade,
Made vocal by my song. --Milton.
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2. Uttered or modulated by the voice; oral; as, vocal melody;
vocal prayer. "Vocal worship." --Milton.
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3. Of or pertaining to a vowel or voice sound; also, spoken
with tone, intonation, and resonance; sonant; sonorous; --
said of certain articulate sounds.
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4. (Phon.)
(a) Consisting of, or characterized by, voice, or tone
produced in the larynx, which may be modified, either
by resonance, as in the case of the vowels, or by
obstructive action, as in certain consonants, such as
v, l, etc., or by both, as in the nasals m, n, ng;
sonant; intonated; voiced. See Voice, and Vowel,
also Guide to Pronunciation, [sect][sect] 199-202.
(b) Of or pertaining to a vowel; having the character of a
vowel; vowel.
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Vocal cords or Vocal chords. n. pl. (Anat.) The two pairs
of mucous membranes that project into the larynx, and
which produce the sounds of speech by vibrating under the
influence of air exhaled from the lungs. See Larynx, and
the Note under Voice, n., 1.
Vocal fremitus [L. fremitus a dull roaring or murmuring]
(Med.), the perceptible vibration of the chest wall,
produced by the transmission of the sonorous vibrations
during the act of using the voice.
Vocal music, music made by the voice, in distinction from
instrumental music; hence, music or tunes set to words,
to be performed by the human voice.
Vocal tube (Anat.), the part of the air passages above the
inferior ligaments of the larynx, including the passages
through the nose and mouth.
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