| slovo | definícia |
crime
(mass) | crime
- zločinnosť, zločin, trestný čin |
crime
(encz) | crime,hřích n: Zdeněk Brož |
crime
(encz) | crime,trestný čin Pavel Cvrček |
crime
(encz) | crime,zločin |
crime
(encz) | crime,zločinnost n: Zdeněk Brož |
Crime
(gcide) | Crime \Crime\ (kr[imac]m), n. [F. crime, fr. L. crimen judicial
decision, that which is subjected to such a decision, charge,
fault, crime, fr. the root of cernere to decide judicially.
See Certain.]
1. Any violation of law, either divine or human; an omission
of a duty commanded, or the commission of an act forbidden
by law.
[1913 Webster]
2. Gross violation of human law, in distinction from a
misdemeanor or trespass, or other slight offense. Hence,
also, any aggravated offense against morality or the
public welfare; any outrage or great wrong. "To part error
from crime." --Tennyson.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Crimes, in the English common law, are grave offenses
which were originally capitally punished (murder, rape,
robbery, arson, burglary, and larceny), as
distinguished from misdemeanors, which are offenses of
a lighter grade. See Misdemeanors.
[1913 Webster]
3. Any great wickedness or sin; iniquity.
[1913 Webster]
No crime was thine, if 'tis no crime to love.
--Pope.
[1913 Webster]
4. That which occasion crime. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
The tree of life, the crime of our first father's
fall. --Spenser.
[1913 Webster]
Capital crime, a crime punishable with death.
Syn: Sin; vice; iniquity; wrong.
Usage: Crime, Sin,Vice. Sin is the generic term,
embracing wickedness of every kind, but specifically
denoting an offense as committed against God. Crime is
strictly a violation of law either human or divine;
but in present usage the term is commonly applied to
actions contrary to the laws of the State. Vice is
more distinctively that which springs from the
inordinate indulgence of the natural appetites, which
are in themselves innocent. Thus intemperance,
unchastity, duplicity, etc., are vices; while murder,
forgery, etc., which spring from the indulgence of
selfish passions, are crimes.
[1913 Webster] |
crime
(wn) | crime
n 1: (criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered
an evil act; "a long record of crimes" [syn: crime,
offense, criminal offense, criminal offence,
offence, law-breaking]
2: an evil act not necessarily punishable by law; "crimes of the
heart" |
crime
(vera) | CRIME
Compression Ratio Info-leak Made Easy (HTTPS)
|
CRIME
(bouvier) | CRIME. A crime is an offence against a public law. This word, in its most
general signification, comprehends all offences but, in its limited sense,
it is confined to felony. 1 Chitty, Gen. Pr. 14.
2. The term misdemeanor includes every offence inferior to felony, but
punishable by indictment or by particular prescribed proceedings.
3. The term offence, also, may be considered as, having the same
meaning, but is usually, by itself, understood to be a crime not indictable
but punishable, summarily, or by the forfeiture of, a penalty. Burn's Just.
Misdemeanor.
4. Crimes are defined and punished by statutes and by the common law.
Most common law offences are as well known, and as precisely ascertained, as
those which are defined by statutes; yet, from the difficulty of exactly
defining and describing every act which ought to be punished, the vital and
preserving principle has been adopted, that all immoral acts which tend to
the prejudice of the community are punishable by courts of justice. 2
Swift's Dig.
5. Crimes are mala in se, or bad in themselves; and these include. all
offences against the moral law; or they are mala prohibita, bad because
prohibited, as being against sound policy; which, unless prohibited, would
be innocent or indifferent. Crimes may be classed into such as affect:
6.-1. Religion and public worship: viz. blasphemy, disturbing public
worship.
7.-2. The sovereign power: treason, misprision of treason.
8.-3. The current coin: as counterfeiting or impairing it.
9.-4. Public justice: 1. Bribery of judges or jurors, or receiving
the bribe. 2. Perjury. 3. Prison breaking. 4. Rescue. 5. Barratry. 6.
Maintenance. 7. Champerty. 8. Compounding felonies. 9. Misprision of
felonies. 10. Oppression. 11. Extortion. 12. Suppressing evidence. 13.
Negligence or misconduct in inferior officers. 14. Obstructing legal
process. 15. Embracery.
10.-5. Public peace. 1. Challenges to fight a duel. 2. Riots, routs
and unlawful assemblies. 3. Affrays. 4. Libels.
11.-6. Public trade. 1. Cheats. 2. Forestalling. S. Regrating. 4.
Engrossing. 5. Monopolies.
12.-7. Chastity. 1. Sodomy. 2. Adultery. 3. Incest. 4. Bigamy. 5.
Fornication.
13.-8. Decency and morality. 1. Public indecency. 2. Drunkenness. 3.
Violating the grave.
14.-9. Public police and economy. 1. Common nuisances. 2. Keeping
disorderly houses and bawdy houses. 3. Idleness, vagrancy, and beggary.
15.-10. Public. policy. 1. Gambling. 2. Illegal lotteries.
16.-11. Individuals. 1. Homicide, which is justifiable, excusable or
felonious. 2. Mayhem. 3. Rape. 4. Poisoning, with intent to murder. 5.
Administering drugs to a woman quick with child to cause, miscarriage. 6.
Concealing death of bastard child. 7. Assault and battery, which is either
simple or with intent to commit some other crime. 8. kidnapping. 9. False
imprisonment. 10. Abduction.
17.-12. Private property. 1. Burglary. 2. Arson. 3. Robbery. 4.,
Forgery. Counterfeiting. 6. Larceny. 7. Receiving stolen goods, knowing them
to have been stolen, or theft-bote. 8. Malicious mischief.
18.-13. The public, individuals, or their property, according to the
intent of the criminal. 1. Conspiracy.
|
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
crimean
(mass) | Crimean
- krymský |
a party to crime
(encz) | a party to crime,pomoc při zločinu Zdeněk Brož |
crime fiction
(encz) | crime fiction,detektivka n: žánr Pino |
crime rate
(encz) | crime rate, n: |
crime story
(encz) | crime story,detektivka n: Pino |
crime syndicate
(encz) | crime syndicate, n: |
crime wave
(encz) | crime wave, n: |
crimea
(encz) | Crimea,Krym [zem.] n: |
crimean
(encz) | Crimean, |
crimes
(encz) | crimes,zločiny n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
cybercrime
(encz) | cybercrime, n: |
organized crime
(encz) | organized crime,organizovaný zločin Zdeněk Brož |
partner in crime
(encz) | partner in crime, n: |
partners in crime
(encz) | partners in crime,spolupachatelé mikosoft |
sex crime
(encz) | sex crime, n: |
vice crime
(encz) | vice crime, n: |
victimless crime
(encz) | victimless crime, n: |
war crime
(encz) | war crime,válečný zločin n: |
Attempt to commit a crime
(gcide) | Attempt \At*tempt"\, n.
A essay, trial, or endeavor; an undertaking; an attack, or an
effort to gain a point; esp. an unsuccessful, as contrasted
with a successful, effort.
[1913 Webster]
By his blindness maimed for high attempts. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
Attempt to commit a crime (Law), such an intentional
preparatory act as will apparently result, if not
extrinsically hindered, in a crime which it was designed
to effect. --Wharton.
[1913 Webster]
Syn: Attempt, Endeavor, Effort, Exertion, Trial.
Usage: These words agree in the idea of calling forth our
powers into action. Trial is the generic term; it
denotes a putting forth of one's powers with a view to
determine what they can accomplish; as, to make trial
of one's strength. An attempt is always directed to
some definite and specific object; as, "The attempt,
and not the deed, confounds us." --Shak. An endeavor
is a continued attempt; as, "His high endeavor and his
glad success." --Cowper. Effort is a specific putting
forth of strength in order to carry out an attempt.
Exertion is the putting forth or active exercise of
any faculty or power. "It admits of all degrees of
effort and even natural action without effort." --C.
J. Smith. See Try.
[1913 Webster] |
Capital crime
(gcide) | Crime \Crime\ (kr[imac]m), n. [F. crime, fr. L. crimen judicial
decision, that which is subjected to such a decision, charge,
fault, crime, fr. the root of cernere to decide judicially.
See Certain.]
1. Any violation of law, either divine or human; an omission
of a duty commanded, or the commission of an act forbidden
by law.
[1913 Webster]
2. Gross violation of human law, in distinction from a
misdemeanor or trespass, or other slight offense. Hence,
also, any aggravated offense against morality or the
public welfare; any outrage or great wrong. "To part error
from crime." --Tennyson.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Crimes, in the English common law, are grave offenses
which were originally capitally punished (murder, rape,
robbery, arson, burglary, and larceny), as
distinguished from misdemeanors, which are offenses of
a lighter grade. See Misdemeanors.
[1913 Webster]
3. Any great wickedness or sin; iniquity.
[1913 Webster]
No crime was thine, if 'tis no crime to love.
--Pope.
[1913 Webster]
4. That which occasion crime. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
The tree of life, the crime of our first father's
fall. --Spenser.
[1913 Webster]
Capital crime, a crime punishable with death.
Syn: Sin; vice; iniquity; wrong.
Usage: Crime, Sin,Vice. Sin is the generic term,
embracing wickedness of every kind, but specifically
denoting an offense as committed against God. Crime is
strictly a violation of law either human or divine;
but in present usage the term is commonly applied to
actions contrary to the laws of the State. Vice is
more distinctively that which springs from the
inordinate indulgence of the natural appetites, which
are in themselves innocent. Thus intemperance,
unchastity, duplicity, etc., are vices; while murder,
forgery, etc., which spring from the indulgence of
selfish passions, are crimes.
[1913 Webster] |
Constructive crimes
(gcide) | Constructive \Con*struct"ive\, a. [Cf. F. constructif.]
1. Having ability to construct or form; employed in
construction; as, to exhibit constructive power.
[1913 Webster]
The constructive fingers of Watts. --Emerson.
[1913 Webster]
2. Derived from, or depending on, construction, inference, or
interpretation; not directly expressed, but inferred.
[1913 Webster]
3. helpful; promoting improvement; intended to help; as,
constructive criticism; constructive suggestions.
Contrasted with destructive.
[PJC]
Constructive crimes (Law), acts having effects analogous to
those of some statutory or common law crimes; as,
constructive treason. Constructive crimes are no longer
recognized by the courts.
Constructive notice, notice imputed by construction of law.
Constructive trust, a trust which may be assumed to exist,
though no actual mention of it be made.
[1913 Webster] |
Crime
(gcide) | Crime \Crime\ (kr[imac]m), n. [F. crime, fr. L. crimen judicial
decision, that which is subjected to such a decision, charge,
fault, crime, fr. the root of cernere to decide judicially.
See Certain.]
1. Any violation of law, either divine or human; an omission
of a duty commanded, or the commission of an act forbidden
by law.
[1913 Webster]
2. Gross violation of human law, in distinction from a
misdemeanor or trespass, or other slight offense. Hence,
also, any aggravated offense against morality or the
public welfare; any outrage or great wrong. "To part error
from crime." --Tennyson.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Crimes, in the English common law, are grave offenses
which were originally capitally punished (murder, rape,
robbery, arson, burglary, and larceny), as
distinguished from misdemeanors, which are offenses of
a lighter grade. See Misdemeanors.
[1913 Webster]
3. Any great wickedness or sin; iniquity.
[1913 Webster]
No crime was thine, if 'tis no crime to love.
--Pope.
[1913 Webster]
4. That which occasion crime. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
The tree of life, the crime of our first father's
fall. --Spenser.
[1913 Webster]
Capital crime, a crime punishable with death.
Syn: Sin; vice; iniquity; wrong.
Usage: Crime, Sin,Vice. Sin is the generic term,
embracing wickedness of every kind, but specifically
denoting an offense as committed against God. Crime is
strictly a violation of law either human or divine;
but in present usage the term is commonly applied to
actions contrary to the laws of the State. Vice is
more distinctively that which springs from the
inordinate indulgence of the natural appetites, which
are in themselves innocent. Thus intemperance,
unchastity, duplicity, etc., are vices; while murder,
forgery, etc., which spring from the indulgence of
selfish passions, are crimes.
[1913 Webster] |
Crimea
(gcide) | Crimea \Crimea\ n.
a Ukrainian peninsula between the Black Sea and the Sea of
Azov.
[WordNet 1.5] |
Crimeful
(gcide) | Crimeful \Crime"ful\ (kr?m"f?l), a.
Criminal; wicked; contrary to law, right, or dury. [Obs.]
--Shak.
[1913 Webster] |
Crimeless
(gcide) | Crimeless \Crime"less\, a.
Free from crime; innocent. --Shak.
[1913 Webster] |
Falsicrimen
(gcide) | Falsicrimen \Fal"si*cri"men\ [L.] (Civ. Law)
The crime of falsifying.
[1913 Webster]
Note: This term in the Roman law included not only forgery,
but every species of fraud and deceit. It never has
been used in so extensive a sense in modern common law,
in which its predominant significance is forgery,
though it also includes perjury and offenses of a like
character. --Burrill. Greenleaf.
[1913 Webster] |
organized crime
(gcide) | organized crime \organized crime\ n.
Groups of persons organized for illegal purposes, such as
bootlegging, conducting illegal gambling, loansharking,
extortion, etc.; -- a general term encompassing most forms of
criminal groups, but especially those that are consolidated
into "families" more or less recognizing each other's
different regions of operation; sometimes considered
synonymous with the mafia or the syndicate.
[PJC]Syndicate \Syn"di*cate\, n. [Cf. F. syndicat, LL. syndicatus.]
1. The office or jurisdiction of a syndic; a council, or body
of syndics. --Bp. Burnet.
[1913 Webster]
2. An association of persons officially authorized to
undertake some duty or to negotiate some business; also,
an association of persons who combine to carry out, on
their own account, a financial or industrial project; as,
a syndicate of bankers formed to take up and dispose of an
entire issue of government bonds.
[1913 Webster]
3. A more or less organized association of criminals
controlling some aspects of criminal activity, in a
specific area or country-wide; -- used loosely as a
synonym for organized crime or the mafia.
[PJC]
4. (Journalism) a commercial organization that purchases
various journalistic items, such as articles, columns, or
comic strips, from their individual creators, and resells
them to newspapers or other periodicals for simultaneous
publication over a wide area.
[PJC] |
Scrimer
(gcide) | Scrimer \Scri"mer\, n. [F. escrimeur. See Skirmish.]
A fencing master. [Obs.] --Shak.
[1913 Webster] |
To fasten a crime upon
(gcide) | Fasten \Fas"ten\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fastened; p. pr. & vb.
n. Fastening.] [AS. f[ae]stnian; akin to OHG. festin[=o]n.
See Fast, a.]
1. To fix firmly; to make fast; to secure, as by a knot,
lock, bolt, etc.; as, to fasten a chain to the feet; to
fasten a door or window.
[1913 Webster]
2. To cause to hold together or to something else; to attach
or unite firmly; to cause to cleave to something, or to
cleave together, by any means; as, to fasten boards
together with nails or cords; to fasten anything in our
thoughts.
[1913 Webster]
The words Whig and Tory have been pressed to the
service of many successions of parties, with very
different ideas fastened to them. --Swift.
[1913 Webster]
3. To cause to take close effect; to make to tell; to lay on;
as, to fasten a blow. [Obs.] --Dryden.
[1913 Webster]
If I can fasten but one cup upon him. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
To fasten a charge upon or To fasten a crime upon, to
make his guilt certain, or so probable as to be generally
believed.
To fasten one's eyes upon, to look upon steadily without
cessation. --Acts iii. 4.
Syn: To fix; cement; stick; link; affix; annex.
[1913 Webster] |
centre for international crime prevention
(wn) | Centre for International Crime Prevention
n 1: the United Nations office responsible for crime prevention
and criminal justice and law reform [syn: {United Nations
Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice}, {Centre for
International Crime Prevention}] |
crime rate
(wn) | crime rate
n 1: the ratio of crimes in an area to the population of that
area; expressed per 1000 population per year |
crime syndicate
(wn) | crime syndicate
n 1: a loose affiliation of gangsters in charge of organized
criminal activities [syn: syndicate, crime syndicate,
mob, family] |
crime wave
(wn) | crime wave
n 1: a sudden rise in the crime rate |
crimea
(wn) | Crimea
n 1: a Ukrainian peninsula between the Black Sea and the Sea of
Azov |
crimea-congo hemorrhagic fever
(wn) | Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever
n 1: an infection common in Arab states caused by a bunyavirus;
transmitted by a tick that thrives on sheep |
crimean war
(wn) | Crimean War
n 1: a war in Crimea between Russia and a group of nations
including England and France and Turkey and Sardinia;
1853-1856 |
cybercrime
(wn) | cybercrime
n 1: crime committed using a computer and the internet to steal
a person's identity or sell contraband or stalk victims or
disrupt operations with malevolent programs |
financial crimes enforcement network
(wn) | Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
n 1: a law enforcement agency of the Treasury Department
responsible for establishing and implementing policies to
detect money laundering [syn: {Financial Crimes Enforcement
Network}, FinCEN] |
had crime
(wn) | Had crime
n 1: (Islam) serious crimes committed by Muslims and punishable
by punishments established in the Koran; "Had crimes
include apostasy from Islam and murder and theft and
adultery" |
organized crime
(wn) | organized crime
n 1: underworld organizations [syn: organized crime,
gangland, gangdom] |
partner in crime
(wn) | partner in crime
n 1: someone who assists in a plot [syn: confederate,
collaborator, henchman, partner in crime] |
sex crime
(wn) | sex crime
n 1: a statutory offense that provides that it is a crime to
knowingly cause another person to engage in an unwanted
sexual act by force or threat; "most states have replaced
the common law definition of rape with statutes defining
sexual assault" [syn: sexual assault, sexual abuse,
sex crime, sex offense] |
tazir crime
(wn) | Tazir crime
n 1: (Islam) minor crimes committed by Muslims; crimes that are
not mentioned in the Koran so judges are free to punish the
offender in any appropriate way; "in some Islamic nations
Tazir crimes are set by legislation" |
united nations crime prevention and criminal justice
(wn) | United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
n 1: the United Nations office responsible for crime prevention
and criminal justice and law reform [syn: {United Nations
Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice}, {Centre for
International Crime Prevention}] |
united nations office for drug control and crime prevention
(wn) | United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention
n 1: an agency of the United Nations that promotes drug control
and crime prevention [syn: {United Nations Office for Drug
Control and Crime Prevention}, DCCP] |
vice crime
(wn) | vice crime
n 1: a vice that is illegal |
victimless crime
(wn) | victimless crime
n 1: an act that is legally a crime but that seem to have no
victims; "he considers prostitution to be a victimless
crime" |
war crime
(wn) | war crime
n 1: a crime committed in wartime; violation of rules of war |
computer crime
(foldoc) | computer crime
Breaking the criminal law by use of a computer.
See also computer ethics, software law.
(1997-07-09)
|
cybercrime
(foldoc) | cybercrime
Any of a broad range of activities that use
computers or networks to commit illegal acts, including theft of
personal data, phishing, distribution of malware,
copyright infringement, denial of service attacks,
cyberstalking, bullying, online harassment, child
pornography, child predation, stock market manipulation and
corporate espionage.
For example, a vulnerability in a victim's web browser might
result in him unknowingly downloading a Trojan horse virus,
which installs a keystroke logger on his computer, which allows
the cracker to steal private data such as Internet banking or
e-mail passwords.
The degree to which an activity counts as "cybercrime" rather than
just "crime" depends on whether they could exist without computers
or networks.
(2015-02-14)
|
cybercrime as a service
(foldoc) | cybercrime as a service
(CaaS) A kind of software as a service
that involves performing illegal online activities
(cybercrime) on behalf of others for money. Cybercrime as a
service represents an evolution of online crime from the sale
of illegal products such as malware and exploit kits to
offering everything necessary to arrange a cyber fraud or to
conduct a cyber attack. As well as providing malicious
code, the service provider also rents out the infrastructure
(servers and network connections) to control the
distribution and operation of the malware, e.g., bullet-proof
hosting or huge botnets.
(2015-02-22)
|
CAPITAL CRIME
(bouvier) | CAPITAL CRIME. One for the punishment of which death is inflicted, which
punishment is called capital punishment. Dane's Ab. Index, h.t.
2. The subject of capital punishment has occupied the attention of
enlightened men for a long time, particularly since the middle of the last
century; and none deserves to be more carefully investigated. The right of
punishing its members by society cannot be denied; but how far this right
extends, by the laws of nature or of God, has been much disputed by
theoretical writers, although it cannot be denied, that most nations,
ancient and modern, have deemed capital punishment to be within the scope of
the legitimate powers of government. Beccaria contends with zeal that the
punishment of death ought not to be inflicted in times of peace, nor at
other times, except in cases where the laws can be maintained in no other
way. Bee. Chap. 28.
3. It is not within the plan of this work to examine the question,
whether the punishment is allowed by the natural law. The principal
arguments for and against it are here given.
4.-1. The arguments used in favor of the abolition of capital
punishment, are;
5.-1st. That existence is a right which men hold from God, and which
society in body can, no more than a member of that society, deprive them of,
because society is governed by the immutable laws of humanity.
6.-2d. That, even should the right be admitted, this is a restraint
badly selected, which does not attain its end, death being less dreaded than
either solitary confinement for life, or the performance of hard labor and
disgrace for life.
7.-3d. That the infliction of the punishment does not prevent crimes,
any more than, other less severe but longer punishments.
8.-4th. That as a public example, this punishment is only a barbarous
show, better calculated to accustom mankind to the contemplation of
bloodshed, than to restrain them.
9.-5th. That the law by taking life, when it is unnecessary for the
safety of society, must act by some other motive this can be no other than
revenge. To the extent the law punishes an individual beyond what is
requisite for the preservation of society, and the restoration of the
offender, is cruel and barbarous. The law) to prevent a barbarous act,
commits one of the same kind,; it kills one of the members of society, to
convince the others that killing is unlawful.
10.-6th. That by depriving a man of life, society is deprived of the
benefits which he is able to confer upon it; for, according to the vulgar
phrase, a man hanged is good for nothing.
11.-7th. That experience has proved that offences which were formerly
punished with death, have not increased since the punishment has been
changed to a milder one.
12.-2. The arguments which have been urged on the other side, are,
13.-1st. That all that humanity commands to legislators is, that they
should inflict only necessary and useful punishments; and that if they keep
within these bounds, the law may permit an extreme remedy, even the
punishment of death, when it is requisite for the safety of society.
14.-2d. That, whatever be said to the contrary, this punishment is
more repulsive than any other, as life is esteemed above all things, and
death is considered as the greatest of evils, particularly when it is
accompanied by infamy.
15.-3d. That restrained, as this punishment ought to be, to the
greatest crimes, it can never lose its efficacy as an example, nor harden
the multitude by the frequency of executions.
16.-4th. That unless this punishment be placed at the top of the scale
of punishment, criminals will always kill, when they can, while committing
an inferior crime, as the punishment will be increased only by a more
protracted imprisonment, where they still will hope for a pardon or an
escape.
17th.-5th. The essays which have been made by two countries at least;
Russia, under the reign of Elizabeth, and Tuscany, under the reign of
Leopold, where the punishment of death was abolished, have proved
unsuccessful, as that punishment has been restored in both.
18. Arguments on theological grounds have also been advanced on both
sides. See Candlish's Contributions towards the Exposition of the Book of
Genesis, pp. 203-7. Vide Beccaria on Crimes and Punishments; Voltaire,
h.t.; Livingston's Report on a Plan of a Penal Code; Liv. Syst. Pen. Law,
22; Bentham on Legislation, part 3, c. 9; Report to the N. Y. Legislature;
18 Am. Jur. 334.
|
CRIME
(bouvier) | CRIME. A crime is an offence against a public law. This word, in its most
general signification, comprehends all offences but, in its limited sense,
it is confined to felony. 1 Chitty, Gen. Pr. 14.
2. The term misdemeanor includes every offence inferior to felony, but
punishable by indictment or by particular prescribed proceedings.
3. The term offence, also, may be considered as, having the same
meaning, but is usually, by itself, understood to be a crime not indictable
but punishable, summarily, or by the forfeiture of, a penalty. Burn's Just.
Misdemeanor.
4. Crimes are defined and punished by statutes and by the common law.
Most common law offences are as well known, and as precisely ascertained, as
those which are defined by statutes; yet, from the difficulty of exactly
defining and describing every act which ought to be punished, the vital and
preserving principle has been adopted, that all immoral acts which tend to
the prejudice of the community are punishable by courts of justice. 2
Swift's Dig.
5. Crimes are mala in se, or bad in themselves; and these include. all
offences against the moral law; or they are mala prohibita, bad because
prohibited, as being against sound policy; which, unless prohibited, would
be innocent or indifferent. Crimes may be classed into such as affect:
6.-1. Religion and public worship: viz. blasphemy, disturbing public
worship.
7.-2. The sovereign power: treason, misprision of treason.
8.-3. The current coin: as counterfeiting or impairing it.
9.-4. Public justice: 1. Bribery of judges or jurors, or receiving
the bribe. 2. Perjury. 3. Prison breaking. 4. Rescue. 5. Barratry. 6.
Maintenance. 7. Champerty. 8. Compounding felonies. 9. Misprision of
felonies. 10. Oppression. 11. Extortion. 12. Suppressing evidence. 13.
Negligence or misconduct in inferior officers. 14. Obstructing legal
process. 15. Embracery.
10.-5. Public peace. 1. Challenges to fight a duel. 2. Riots, routs
and unlawful assemblies. 3. Affrays. 4. Libels.
11.-6. Public trade. 1. Cheats. 2. Forestalling. S. Regrating. 4.
Engrossing. 5. Monopolies.
12.-7. Chastity. 1. Sodomy. 2. Adultery. 3. Incest. 4. Bigamy. 5.
Fornication.
13.-8. Decency and morality. 1. Public indecency. 2. Drunkenness. 3.
Violating the grave.
14.-9. Public police and economy. 1. Common nuisances. 2. Keeping
disorderly houses and bawdy houses. 3. Idleness, vagrancy, and beggary.
15.-10. Public. policy. 1. Gambling. 2. Illegal lotteries.
16.-11. Individuals. 1. Homicide, which is justifiable, excusable or
felonious. 2. Mayhem. 3. Rape. 4. Poisoning, with intent to murder. 5.
Administering drugs to a woman quick with child to cause, miscarriage. 6.
Concealing death of bastard child. 7. Assault and battery, which is either
simple or with intent to commit some other crime. 8. kidnapping. 9. False
imprisonment. 10. Abduction.
17.-12. Private property. 1. Burglary. 2. Arson. 3. Robbery. 4.,
Forgery. Counterfeiting. 6. Larceny. 7. Receiving stolen goods, knowing them
to have been stolen, or theft-bote. 8. Malicious mischief.
18.-13. The public, individuals, or their property, according to the
intent of the criminal. 1. Conspiracy.
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CRIME AGAINST NATURE
(bouvier) | CRIME AGAINST NATURE. Sodomy. It is a crime not fit to be named; peccatum
horribile, inter christianos non nominandum. 4 Bl. Com. 214. See Sodomy.
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CRIMEN FALSI
(bouvier) | CRIMEN FALSI, civil law, crime. It is a fraudulent alteration, or forgery,
to conceal or alter the truth, to the prejudice of another. This crime may,
be committed in three ways, namely: 1. By forgery. 2. By false declarations
or false oath, perjury. 3. By acts; as, by dealing with false weights and
measures, by altering the current coin, by making false keys, and the like.
Vide Dig. 48, 10, 22; Dig. 34, 8 2; Code, lib. 9, t. 22, 1. 2, 5, 9. 11, 16,
17, 23, and 24; Merl. Rep. h.t.; 1 Bro. Civ. Law, 426; 1 Phil. Ev. 26; 2
Stark. Ev. 715.
2. What is understood by this, term in the common law, is not very
clearly defined. Peake's Ev. 133; 1 Phil. Ev. 24; 2 Stark. Ev. 715. It
extends to forgery, perjury, subornation of perjury, suppression of
testimony by bribery, and conspiracy to convict of perjury. See 12 Mod. 209;
2 S. & R. 552; 1 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 373; and article Faux.
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FLAGRANS CRIMEN
(bouvier) | FLAGRANS CRIMEN. This, among the Romans, signified. that a crime was then or
had just been committed for example, when a crime has just been committed
and the corpus delictum is publicly exposed; or if a mob take place; or if a
house be feloniously burned, these are severally flagrans crimen.
2. The term used in France is flagrant delit. The code of criminal
instruction gives the following concise definition of it, art. "Le delit qui
se commet actuellement ou qui vient de se coramettre, est un flagrant
delit."
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LAESAE MAJESTATIS CRIMEN
(bouvier) | LAESAE MAJESTATIS CRIMEN. The crime of high treason. Glanv. lib. 1, c. 2;
Clef des Lois Rom. h.t.; Inst. 4, 18, 3 Dig. 48, 4; Code, 9, 8.
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