| slovo | definícia |
electro-magnet
(gcide) | Magnet \Mag"net\ (m[a^]g"n[e^]t), n. [OE. magnete, OF. magnete,
L. magnes, -etis, Gr. Magnh^tis li`qos a magnet, metal that
looked like silver, prop., Magnesian stone, fr. Gr.
Magnhsi`a, a country in Thessaly. Cf. Magnesia,
Manganese.]
1. The loadstone; a species of iron ore (the ferrosoferric or
magnetic ore, Fe3O4) which has the property of
attracting iron and some of its ores, and, when freely
suspended, of pointing to the poles; -- called also
natural magnet.
[1913 Webster]
Dinocrates began to make the arched roof of the
temple of Arsino["e] all of magnet, or this
loadstone. --Holland.
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Two magnets, heaven and earth, allure to bliss,
The larger loadstone that, the nearer this.
--Dryden.
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2. (Physics) A bar or mass of steel or iron to which the
peculiar properties of the loadstone have been imparted;
-- called, in distinction from the loadstone, an
artificial magnet.
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Note: An artificial magnet, produced by the action of an
electrical current, is called an electro-magnet.
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Field magnet (Physics & Elec.), a magnet used for producing
and maintaining a magnetic field; -- used especially of
the stationary or exciting magnet of a dynamo or
electromotor in distinction from that of the moving
portion or armature.
[1913 Webster] Magnetic |
Electro-magnet
(gcide) | Electro-magnet \E*lec`tro-mag"net\, n.
A mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes of some other
magnetic metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered temporarily
magnetic by being placed within a coil of wire through which
a current of electricity is passing. The metal is generally
in the form of a bar, either straight, or bent into the shape
of a horseshoe.
[1913 Webster] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
Electro-magnet
(gcide) | Magnet \Mag"net\ (m[a^]g"n[e^]t), n. [OE. magnete, OF. magnete,
L. magnes, -etis, Gr. Magnh^tis li`qos a magnet, metal that
looked like silver, prop., Magnesian stone, fr. Gr.
Magnhsi`a, a country in Thessaly. Cf. Magnesia,
Manganese.]
1. The loadstone; a species of iron ore (the ferrosoferric or
magnetic ore, Fe3O4) which has the property of
attracting iron and some of its ores, and, when freely
suspended, of pointing to the poles; -- called also
natural magnet.
[1913 Webster]
Dinocrates began to make the arched roof of the
temple of Arsino["e] all of magnet, or this
loadstone. --Holland.
[1913 Webster]
Two magnets, heaven and earth, allure to bliss,
The larger loadstone that, the nearer this.
--Dryden.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Physics) A bar or mass of steel or iron to which the
peculiar properties of the loadstone have been imparted;
-- called, in distinction from the loadstone, an
artificial magnet.
[1913 Webster]
Note: An artificial magnet, produced by the action of an
electrical current, is called an electro-magnet.
[1913 Webster]
Field magnet (Physics & Elec.), a magnet used for producing
and maintaining a magnetic field; -- used especially of
the stationary or exciting magnet of a dynamo or
electromotor in distinction from that of the moving
portion or armature.
[1913 Webster] MagneticElectro-magnet \E*lec`tro-mag"net\, n.
A mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes of some other
magnetic metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered temporarily
magnetic by being placed within a coil of wire through which
a current of electricity is passing. The metal is generally
in the form of a bar, either straight, or bent into the shape
of a horseshoe.
[1913 Webster] |
Electro-magnetic
(gcide) | Electro-magnetic \E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to electromagnetism.
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Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive
force is electro-magnetism.
Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a theory of
light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of
transient electric currents moving transversely to the
direction of the ray.
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Electro-magnetic engine
(gcide) | Electro-magnetic \E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to electromagnetism.
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Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive
force is electro-magnetism.
Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a theory of
light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of
transient electric currents moving transversely to the
direction of the ray.
[1913 Webster] |
electromagnetic force
(gcide) | Electro-magnetism \E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism\ n.
1. magnetism produced by an electric current.
[WordNet 1.5]
2. one of the fundamental forces of nature, responsible for
both electrical and magnetic phenomena. Called also the
electromagnetic force. Formerly believed to be separate
phenomena, electricity and magnetism were shown by
experiment and theory to be different aspects of the
electromagnetic force. It is responsible for the forces
generated between magnetically or electrically charged
objects, and is the fundamental force responsible for the
characteristics of electromagnetic radiation, including
light.
[PJC]
3. the branch of physics concerned with electromagnetic
phenomena.
[WordNet 1.5] |
Electro-magnetic induction
(gcide) | Induction \In*duc"tion\, n. [L. inductio: cf. F. induction. See
Induct.]
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1. The act or process of inducting or bringing in;
introduction; entrance; beginning; commencement.
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I know not you; nor am I well pleased to make this
time, as the affair now stands, the induction of
your acquaintance. --Beau. & Fl.
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These promises are fair, the parties sure,
And our induction dull of prosperous hope. --Shak.
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2. An introduction or introductory scene, as to a play; a
preface; a prologue. [Obs.]
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This is but an induction: I will draw
The curtains of the tragedy hereafter. --Massinger.
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3. (Philos.) The act or process of reasoning from a part to a
whole, from particulars to generals, or from the
individual to the universal; also, the result or inference
so reached.
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Induction is an inference drawn from all the
particulars. --Sir W.
Hamilton.
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Induction is the process by which we conclude that
what is true of certain individuals of a class, is
true of the whole class, or that what is true at
certain times will be true in similar circumstances
at all times. --J. S. Mill.
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4. The introduction of a clergyman into a benefice, or of an
official into a office, with appropriate acts or
ceremonies; the giving actual possession of an
ecclesiastical living or its temporalities.
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5. (Math.) A process of demonstration in which a general
truth is gathered from an examination of particular cases,
one of which is known to be true, the examination being so
conducted that each case is made to depend on the
preceding one; -- called also successive induction.
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6. (Physics) The property by which one body, having
electrical or magnetic polarity, causes or induces it in
another body without direct contact; an impress of
electrical or magnetic force or condition from one body on
another without actual contact.
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Electro-dynamic induction, the action by which a variable
or interrupted current of electricity excites another
current in a neighboring conductor forming a closed
circuit.
Electro-magnetic induction, the influence by which an
electric current produces magnetic polarity in certain
bodies near or around which it passes.
Electro-static induction, the action by which a body
possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a
charge of statical electricity of the opposite character
in a neighboring body.
Induction coil, an apparatus producing induced currents of
great intensity. It consists of a coil or helix of stout
insulated copper wire, surrounded by another coil of very
fine insulated wire, in which a momentary current is
induced, when a current (as from a voltaic battery),
passing through the inner coil, is made, broken, or
varied. The inner coil has within it a core of soft iron,
and is connected at its terminals with a condenser; --
called also inductorium, and Ruhmkorff's coil.
Induction pipe, Induction port, or Induction valve, a
pipe, passageway, or valve, for leading or admitting a
fluid to a receiver, as steam to an engine cylinder, or
water to a pump.
Magnetic induction, the action by which magnetic polarity
is developed in a body susceptible to magnetic effects
when brought under the influence of a magnet.
Magneto-electric induction, the influence by which a magnet
excites electric currents in closed circuits.
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Logical induction, (Philos.), an act or method of reasoning
from all the parts separately to the whole which they
constitute, or into which they may be united collectively;
the operation of discovering and proving general
propositions; the scientific method.
Philosophical induction, the inference, or the act of
inferring, that what has been observed or established in
respect to a part, individual, or species, may, on the
ground of analogy, be affirmed or received of the whole to
which it belongs. This last is the inductive method of
Bacon. It ascends from the parts to the whole, and forms,
from the general analogy of nature, or special
presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater
or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or
weakened by subsequent experience and experiment. It
relates to actual existences, as in physical science or
the concerns of life. Logical induction is founded on the
necessary laws of thought; philosophical induction, on the
interpretation of the indications or analogy of nature.
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Syn: Deduction.
Usage: Induction, Deduction. In induction we observe a
sufficient number of individual facts, and, on the
ground of analogy, extend what is true of them to
others of the same class, thus arriving at general
principles or laws. This is the kind of reasoning in
physical science. In deduction we begin with a general
truth, which is already proven or provisionally
assumed, and seek to connect it with some particular
case by means of a middle term, or class of objects,
known to be equally connected with both. Thus, we
bring down the general into the particular, affirming
of the latter the distinctive qualities of the former.
This is the syllogistic method. By induction Franklin
established the identity of lightning and electricity;
by deduction he inferred that dwellings might be
protected by lightning rods.
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Electro-magnetic telegraph
(gcide) | Telegraph \Tel"e*graph\, n. [Gr. ? far, far off (cf. Lith. toli)
+ -graph: cf. F. t['e]l['e]graphe. See Graphic.]
An apparatus, or a process, for communicating intelligence
rapidly between distant points, especially by means of
preconcerted visible or audible signals representing words or
ideas, or by means of words and signs, transmitted by
electrical action.
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Note: The instruments used are classed as indicator,
type-printing, symbol-printing, or chemical-printing
telegraphs, according as the intelligence is given by
the movements of a pointer or indicator, as in Cooke &
Wheatstone's (the form commonly used in England), or by
impressing, on a fillet of paper, letters from types,
as in House's and Hughe's, or dots and marks from a
sharp point moved by a magnet, as in Morse's, or
symbols produced by electro-chemical action, as in
Bain's. In the offices in the United States the
recording instrument is now little used, the receiving
operator reading by ear the combinations of long and
short intervals of sound produced by the armature of an
electro-magnet as it is put in motion by the opening
and breaking of the circuit, which motion, in
registering instruments, traces upon a ribbon of paper
the lines and dots used to represent the letters of the
alphabet. See Illustration in Appendix, and {Morse
code}.
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Note: In 1837, Samuel F. B. Morse, an American artist,
devised a working electric telegraph, based on a rough
knowledge of electrical circuits, electromagnetic
induction coils, and a scheme to encode alphabetic
letters. He and his collaborators and backers
campaigned for years before persuading the federal
government to fund a demonstration. Finally, on May 24,
1844, they sent the first official long-distance
telegraphic message in Morse code, "What hath God
wrought," through a copper wire strung between
Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Maryland. The phrase
was taken from the Bible, Numbers 23:23. It had been
suggested to Morse by Annie Ellworth, the young
daughter of a friend. --Library of Congress, American
Memories series
(http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/may24.html).
[PJC]
Acoustic telegraph. See under Acoustic.
Dial telegraph, a telegraph in which letters of the
alphabet and numbers or other symbols are placed upon the
border of a circular dial plate at each station, the
apparatus being so arranged that the needle or index of
the dial at the receiving station accurately copies the
movements of that at the sending station.
Electric telegraph, or Electro-magnetic telegraph, a
telegraph in which an operator at one station causes words
or signs to be made at another by means of a current of
electricity, generated by a battery and transmitted over
an intervening wire.
Facsimile telegraph. See under Facsimile.
Indicator telegraph. See under Indicator.
Pan-telegraph, an electric telegraph by means of which a
drawing or writing, as an autographic message, may be
exactly reproduced at a distant station.
Printing telegraph, an electric telegraph which
automatically prints the message as it is received at a
distant station, in letters, not signs.
Signal telegraph, a telegraph in which preconcerted
signals, made by a machine, or otherwise, at one station,
are seen or heard and interpreted at another; a semaphore.
Submarine telegraph cable, a telegraph cable laid under
water to connect stations separated by a body of water.
Telegraph cable, a telegraphic cable consisting of several
conducting wires, inclosed by an insulating and protecting
material, so as to bring the wires into compact compass
for use on poles, or to form a strong cable impervious to
water, to be laid under ground, as in a town or city, or
under water, as in the ocean.
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Electro-magnetic theory of light
(gcide) | Electro-magnetic \E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic\, a.
Of or pertaining to electromagnetism.
[1913 Webster]
Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive
force is electro-magnetism.
Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a theory of
light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of
transient electric currents moving transversely to the
direction of the ray.
[1913 Webster] |
Electro-magnetism
(gcide) | Electro-magnetism \E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism\ n.
1. magnetism produced by an electric current.
[WordNet 1.5]
2. one of the fundamental forces of nature, responsible for
both electrical and magnetic phenomena. Called also the
electromagnetic force. Formerly believed to be separate
phenomena, electricity and magnetism were shown by
experiment and theory to be different aspects of the
electromagnetic force. It is responsible for the forces
generated between magnetically or electrically charged
objects, and is the fundamental force responsible for the
characteristics of electromagnetic radiation, including
light.
[PJC]
3. the branch of physics concerned with electromagnetic
phenomena.
[WordNet 1.5] |
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