| slovo | definícia |
Fe3O4
(gcide) | Scale \Scale\, n. [Cf. AS. scealu, scalu, a shell, parings; akin
to D. schaal, G. schale, OHG. scala, Dan. & Sw. skal a shell,
Dan. skiael a fish scale, Goth. skalja tile, and E. shale,
shell, and perhaps also to scale of a balance; but perhaps
rather fr. OF. escale, escaile, F. ['e]caille scale of a
fish, and ['e]cale shell of beans, pease, eggs, nuts, of
German origin, and akin to Goth. skalja, G. schale. See
Shale.]
1. (Anat.) One of the small, thin, membranous, bony or horny
pieces which form the covering of many fishes and
reptiles, and some mammals, belonging to the dermal part
of the skeleton, or dermoskeleton. See Cycloid,
Ctenoid, and Ganoid.
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Fish that, with their fins and shining scales,
Glide under the green wave. --Milton.
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2. Hence, any layer or leaf of metal or other material,
resembling in size and thinness the scale of a fish; as, a
scale of iron, of bone, etc.
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3. (Zool.) One of the small scalelike structures covering
parts of some invertebrates, as those on the wings of
Lepidoptera and on the body of Thysanura; the elytra of
certain annelids. See Lepidoptera.
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4. (Zool.) A scale insect. (See below.)
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5. (Bot.) A small appendage like a rudimentary leaf,
resembling the scales of a fish in form, and often in
arrangement; as, the scale of a bud, of a pine cone, and
the like. The name is also given to the chaff on the stems
of ferns.
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6. The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a
pocketknife. See Illust. of Pocketknife.
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7. An incrustation deposit on the inside of a vessel in which
water is heated, as a steam boiler.
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8. (Metal.) The thin oxide which forms on the surface of iron
forgings. It consists essentially of the magnetic oxide,
Fe3O4. Also, a similar coating upon other metals.
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Covering scale (Zool.), a hydrophyllium.
Ganoid scale. (Zool.) See under Ganoid.
Scale armor (Mil.), armor made of small metallic scales
overlapping, and fastened upon leather or cloth.
Scale beetle (Zool.), the tiger beetle.
Scale carp (Zool.), a carp having normal scales.
Scale insect (Zool.), any one of numerous species of small
hemipterous insects belonging to the family Coccidae, in
which the females, when adult, become more or less
scalelike in form. They are found upon the leaves and
twigs of various trees and shrubs, and often do great
damage to fruit trees. See Orange scale,under Orange.
Scale moss (Bot.), any leafy-stemmed moss of the order
Hepaticae; -- so called from the small imbricated
scalelike leaves of most of the species. See Hepatica,
2, and Jungermannia.
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Fe3O4
(gcide) | Iron \I"ron\ ([imac]"[u^]rn), a. [AS. [imac]ren, [imac]sen. See
Iron, n.]
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1. Of, or made of iron; consisting of iron; as, an iron bar,
dust.
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2. Resembling iron in color; as, iron blackness.
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3. Like iron in hardness, strength, impenetrability, power of
endurance, insensibility, etc.; as:
(a) Rude; hard; harsh; severe.
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Iron years of wars and dangers. --Rowe.
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Jove crushed the nations with an iron rod.
--Pope.
(b) Firm; robust; enduring; as, an iron constitution.
(c) Inflexible; unrelenting; as, an iron will.
(d) Not to be broken; holding or binding fast; tenacious.
"Him death's iron sleep oppressed." --Philips.
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Note: Iron is often used in composition, denoting made of
iron, relating to iron, of or with iron; producing
iron, etc.; resembling iron, literally or figuratively,
in some of its properties or characteristics; as,
iron-shod, iron-sheathed, iron-fisted, iron-framed,
iron-handed, iron-hearted, iron foundry or
iron-foundry.
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Iron age.
(a) (Myth.) The age following the golden, silver, and
bronze ages, and characterized by a general
degeneration of talent and virtue, and of literary
excellence. In Roman literature the Iron Age is
commonly regarded as beginning after the taking of
Rome by the Goths, A. D. 410.
(b) (Arch[ae]ol.) That stage in the development of any
people characterized by the use of iron implements in
the place of the more cumbrous stone and bronze.
Iron cement, a cement for joints, composed of cast-iron
borings or filings, sal ammoniac, etc.
Iron clay (Min.), a yellowish clay containing a large
proportion of an ore of iron.
Iron cross, a German, and before that Prussian, order of
military merit; also, the decoration of the order.
Iron crown, a golden crown set with jewels, belonging
originally to the Lombard kings, and indicating the
dominion of Italy. It was so called from containing a
circle said to have been forged from one of the nails in
the cross of Christ.
Iron flint (Min.), an opaque, flintlike, ferruginous
variety of quartz.
Iron founder, a maker of iron castings.
Iron foundry, the place where iron castings are made.
Iron furnace, a furnace for reducing iron from the ore, or
for melting iron for castings, etc.; a forge; a
reverberatory; a bloomery.
Iron glance (Min.), hematite.
Iron hat, a headpiece of iron or steel, shaped like a hat
with a broad brim, and used as armor during the Middle
Ages.
Iron horse, a locomotive engine. [Colloq.]
Iron liquor, a solution of an iron salt, used as a mordant
by dyers.
Iron man (Cotton Manuf.), a name for the self-acting
spinning mule.
Iron mold or Iron mould, a yellow spot on cloth stained
by rusty iron.
Iron ore (Min.), any native compound of iron from which the
metal may be profitably extracted. The principal ores are
magnetite, hematite, siderite, limonite, G["o]thite,
turgite, and the bog and clay iron ores.
Iron pyrites (Min.), common pyrites, or pyrite. See
Pyrites.
Iron sand, an iron ore in grains, usually the magnetic iron
ore, formerly used to sand paper after writing.
Iron scale, the thin film which forms on the surface of
wrought iron in the process of forging. It consists
essentially of the magnetic oxide of iron, Fe3O4.
Iron works, a furnace where iron is smelted, or a forge,
rolling mill, or foundry, where it is made into heavy
work, such as shafting, rails, cannon, merchant bar, etc.
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Fe3O4
(gcide) | Magnet \Mag"net\ (m[a^]g"n[e^]t), n. [OE. magnete, OF. magnete,
L. magnes, -etis, Gr. Magnh^tis li`qos a magnet, metal that
looked like silver, prop., Magnesian stone, fr. Gr.
Magnhsi`a, a country in Thessaly. Cf. Magnesia,
Manganese.]
1. The loadstone; a species of iron ore (the ferrosoferric or
magnetic ore, Fe3O4) which has the property of
attracting iron and some of its ores, and, when freely
suspended, of pointing to the poles; -- called also
natural magnet.
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Dinocrates began to make the arched roof of the
temple of Arsino["e] all of magnet, or this
loadstone. --Holland.
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Two magnets, heaven and earth, allure to bliss,
The larger loadstone that, the nearer this.
--Dryden.
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2. (Physics) A bar or mass of steel or iron to which the
peculiar properties of the loadstone have been imparted;
-- called, in distinction from the loadstone, an
artificial magnet.
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Note: An artificial magnet, produced by the action of an
electrical current, is called an electro-magnet.
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Field magnet (Physics & Elec.), a magnet used for producing
and maintaining a magnetic field; -- used especially of
the stationary or exciting magnet of a dynamo or
electromotor in distinction from that of the moving
portion or armature.
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Fe3O4
(gcide) | Magnetite \Mag"net*ite\, n. (Min.)
An oxide of iron (Fe3O4) occurring in isometric crystals,
also massive, of a black color and metallic luster. It is
readily attracted by a magnet and sometimes possesses
polarity, being then called loadstone. It is an important
iron ore. Called also magnetic iron.
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Fe3O4
(gcide) | Multiple \Mul"ti*ple\, a. [Cf. F. multiple, and E. quadruple,
and multiply.]
Containing more than once, or more than one; consisting of
more than one; manifold; repeated many times; having several,
or many, parts.
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Law of multiple proportion (Chem.), the generalization that
when the same elements unite in more than one proportion,
forming two or more different compounds, the higher
proportions of the elements in such compounds are simple
multiples of the lowest proportion, or the proportions are
connected by some simple common factor; thus, iron and
oxygen unite in the proportions FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4,
in which compounds, considering the oxygen, 3 and 4 are
simple multiplies of 1. Called also the Law of Dalton or
Dalton's Law, from its discoverer.
Multiple algebra, a branch of advanced mathematics that
treats of operations upon units compounded of two or more
unlike units.
Multiple conjugation (Biol.), a coalescence of many cells
(as where an indefinite number of amoeboid cells flow
together into a single mass) from which conjugation proper
and even fertilization may have been evolved.
Multiple fruits. (Bot.) See Collective fruit, under
Collective.
Multiple star (Astron.), several stars in close proximity,
which appear to form a single system.
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