| slovo | definícia |
Pecul
(gcide) | Pecul \Pec"ul\, n.
See Picul.
[1913 Webster] |
pecul
(gcide) | Picul \Pic"ul\, n. [Jav. & Malay pikul, fr. pikul to carry on
the back, to carry a burden; n., a man's burden.]
A commercial weight varying in different countries and for
different commodities. In Borneo it is 1355/8 lbs.; in China
and Sumatra, 1331/2 lbs.; in Japan, 1331/3 lbs.; but
sometimes 130 lbs., etc. Called also, by the Chinese, tan.
[Written also pecul, and pecal.]
[1913 Webster] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
peculiar
(mass) | peculiar
- zvláštny |
speculation
(mass) | speculation
- špekulácia |
foreign exchange speculation
(encz) | foreign exchange speculation, |
pecularity
(encz) | pecularity,příznačnost n: luke |
peculate
(encz) | peculate,zpronevěřit v: (peníze) luke |
peculation
(encz) | peculation,zpronevěra n: (peněz) luke |
peculator
(encz) | peculator,defraudant n: Petr Prášek |
peculiar
(encz) | peculiar,podivný adj: Zdeněk Brožpeculiar,specifický adj: Zdeněk Brožpeculiar,výstřední adj: Zdeněk Brožpeculiar,zvláštní adj: |
peculiar velocity
(encz) | peculiar velocity, n: |
peculiarities
(encz) | peculiarities,zvláštnosti n: Zdeněk Brož |
peculiarity
(encz) | peculiarity,zvláštnost n: luke |
peculiarly
(encz) | peculiarly,nezvykle adv: Zdeněk Brožpeculiarly,případně adv: zvláštním způsobem web |
specular
(encz) | specular,zrcadlící adj: Nijelspecular,zrcadlový adj: Zdeněk Brož |
speculate
(encz) | speculate,spekulovat Pavel Machek; Giza |
speculated
(encz) | speculated,spekulováno trpný rod nax |
speculates
(encz) | speculates,spekuluje v: Zdeněk Brož |
speculating
(encz) | speculating,spekulující adj: Zdeněk Brož |
speculation
(encz) | speculation,spekulace Pavel Machek; Giza |
speculative
(encz) | speculative,spekulační adj: Zdeněk Brožspeculative,spekulativní adj: Zdeněk Brožspeculative,zkoumavý adj: Zdeněk Brož |
speculative resource estimates
(encz) | speculative resource estimates,spekulativní odhady zdrojů [eko.] RNDr.
Pavel Piskač |
speculative resources
(encz) | speculative resources,spekulační zdroje [eko.] RNDr. Pavel Piskač |
speculatively
(encz) | speculatively,spekulativně adv: Zdeněk Brož |
speculativeness
(encz) | speculativeness, n: |
speculator
(encz) | speculator,spekulant n: Zdeněk Brož |
speculators
(encz) | speculators,spekulanti n: Zdeněk Brož |
speculum
(encz) | speculum,kovové zrcátko Zdeněk Brožspeculum,spekulum n: Zdeněk Brožspeculum,zrcátko n: Zdeněk Brož |
vulpecula
(encz) | Vulpecula, |
vulpecular
(encz) | vulpecular, adj: |
with speculation
(encz) | with speculation, adv: |
Court of Peculiars
(gcide) | Peculiar \Pe*cul"iar\, n.
1. That which is peculiar; a sole or exclusive property; a
prerogative; a characteristic.
[1913 Webster]
Revenge is . . . the peculiar of Heaven. --South.
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2. (Eng. Canon Law) A particular parish or church which is
exempt from the jurisdiction of the ordinary.
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Court of Peculiars (Eng. Law), a branch of the Court of
Arches having cognizance of the affairs of peculiars.
--Blackstone.
Dean of peculiars. See under Dean, 1.
[1913 Webster] |
Dean of peculiars
(gcide) | Peculiar \Pe*cul"iar\, n.
1. That which is peculiar; a sole or exclusive property; a
prerogative; a characteristic.
[1913 Webster]
Revenge is . . . the peculiar of Heaven. --South.
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2. (Eng. Canon Law) A particular parish or church which is
exempt from the jurisdiction of the ordinary.
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Court of Peculiars (Eng. Law), a branch of the Court of
Arches having cognizance of the affairs of peculiars.
--Blackstone.
Dean of peculiars. See under Dean, 1.
[1913 Webster]Dean \Dean\, n. [OE. dene, deene, OF. deien, dien, F. doyen,
eldest of a corporation, a dean, L. decanus the chief of ten,
one set over ten persons, e. g., over soldiers or over monks,
from decem ten. See Ten, and cf. Decemvir.]
1. A dignitary or presiding officer in certain ecclesiastical
and lay bodies; esp., an ecclesiastical dignitary,
subordinate to a bishop.
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Dean of cathedral church, the chief officer of a chapter;
he is an ecclesiastical magistrate next in degree to
bishop, and has immediate charge of the cathedral and its
estates.
Dean of peculiars, a dean holding a preferment which has
some peculiarity relative to spiritual superiors and the
jurisdiction exercised in it. [Eng.]
Rural dean, one having, under the bishop, the especial care
and inspection of the clergy within certain parishes or
districts of the diocese.
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2. The collegiate officer in the universities of Oxford and
Cambridge, England, who, besides other duties, has regard
to the moral condition of the college. --Shipley.
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3. The head or presiding officer in the faculty of some
colleges or universities.
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4. A registrar or secretary of the faculty in a department of
a college, as in a medical, or theological, or scientific
department. [U.S.]
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5. The chief or senior of a company on occasion of ceremony;
as, the dean of the diplomatic corps; -- so called by
courtesy.
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Cardinal dean, the senior cardinal bishop of the college of
cardinals at Rome. --Shipley.
Dean and chapter, the legal corporation and governing body
of a cathedral. It consists of the dean, who is chief, and
his canons or prebendaries.
Dean of arches, the lay judge of the court of arches.
Dean of faculty, the president of an incorporation or
barristers; specifically, the president of the
incorporation of advocates in Edinburgh.
Dean of guild, a magistrate of Scotch burghs, formerly, and
still, in some burghs, chosen by the Guildry, whose duty
is to superintend the erection of new buildings and see
that they conform to the law.
Dean of a monastery, Monastic dean, a monastic superior
over ten monks.
Dean's stall. See Decanal stall, under Decanal.
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Depeculation
(gcide) | Depeculation \De*pec`u*la"tion\, n. [L. depeculari, p. p.
depeculatus, to rob. See Peculate.]
A robbing or embezzlement. [Obs.]
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Depeculation of the public treasure. --Hobbes.
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Pecul
(gcide) | Pecul \Pec"ul\, n.
See Picul.
[1913 Webster]Picul \Pic"ul\, n. [Jav. & Malay pikul, fr. pikul to carry on
the back, to carry a burden; n., a man's burden.]
A commercial weight varying in different countries and for
different commodities. In Borneo it is 1355/8 lbs.; in China
and Sumatra, 1331/2 lbs.; in Japan, 1331/3 lbs.; but
sometimes 130 lbs., etc. Called also, by the Chinese, tan.
[Written also pecul, and pecal.]
[1913 Webster] |
Peculate
(gcide) | Peculate \Pec"u*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Peculated; p. pr. &
vb. n. Peculating.] [L. peculatus, p. p. of peculari to
peculate, akin to peculium private property. See Peculiar.]
To appropriate to one's own use the property of the public;
to steal public moneys intrusted to one's care; to embezzle.
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An oppressive, . . . rapacious, and peculating
despotism. --Burke.
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Peculated
(gcide) | Peculate \Pec"u*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Peculated; p. pr. &
vb. n. Peculating.] [L. peculatus, p. p. of peculari to
peculate, akin to peculium private property. See Peculiar.]
To appropriate to one's own use the property of the public;
to steal public moneys intrusted to one's care; to embezzle.
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An oppressive, . . . rapacious, and peculating
despotism. --Burke.
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Peculating
(gcide) | Peculate \Pec"u*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Peculated; p. pr. &
vb. n. Peculating.] [L. peculatus, p. p. of peculari to
peculate, akin to peculium private property. See Peculiar.]
To appropriate to one's own use the property of the public;
to steal public moneys intrusted to one's care; to embezzle.
[1913 Webster]
An oppressive, . . . rapacious, and peculating
despotism. --Burke.
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Peculation
(gcide) | Peculation \Pec`u*la"tion\, n.
The act or practice of peculating, or of defrauding the
public by appropriating to one's own use the money or goods
intrusted to one's care for management or disbursement;
embezzlement.
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Every British subject . . . active in the discovery of
peculations has been ruined. --Burke.
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Peculator
(gcide) | Peculator \Pec"u*la`tor\, n. [L.]
One who peculates. "Peculators of the public gold." --Cowper.
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Peculiar
(gcide) | Peculiar \Pe*cul"iar\, a. [L. peculiaris, fr. peculium private
property, akin to pecunia money: cf. OF. peculier. See
Pecuniary.]
1. One's own; belonging solely or especially to an
individual; not possessed by others; of private, personal,
or characteristic possession and use; not owned in common
or in participation.
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And purify unto himself a peculiar people. --Titus
ii. 14.
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Hymns . . . that Christianity hath peculiar unto
itself. --Hooker.
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2. Particular; individual; special; appropriate.
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While each peculiar power forgoes his wonted seat.
--Milton.
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My fate is Juno's most peculiar care. --Dryden.
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3. Unusual; singular; rare; strange; as, the sky had a
peculiar appearance.
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Syn: Peculiar, Special, Especial.
Usage: Peculiar is from the Roman peculium, which was a thing
emphatically and distinctively one's own, and hence
was dear. The former sense always belongs to peculiar
(as, a peculiar style, peculiar manners, etc.), and
usually so much of the latter as to involve feelings
of interest; as, peculiar care, watchfulness,
satisfaction, etc. Nothing of this kind belongs to
special and especial. They mark simply the relation of
species to genus, and denote that there is something
in this case more than ordinary; as, a special act of
Congress; especial pains, etc.
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Beauty, which, either walking or asleep,
Shot forth peculiar graces. --Milton.
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For naught so vile that on the earth doth live,
But to the earth some special good doth give.
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]Peculiar \Pe*cul"iar\, n.
1. That which is peculiar; a sole or exclusive property; a
prerogative; a characteristic.
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Revenge is . . . the peculiar of Heaven. --South.
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2. (Eng. Canon Law) A particular parish or church which is
exempt from the jurisdiction of the ordinary.
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Court of Peculiars (Eng. Law), a branch of the Court of
Arches having cognizance of the affairs of peculiars.
--Blackstone.
Dean of peculiars. See under Dean, 1.
[1913 Webster] |
Peculiarities
(gcide) | Peculiarity \Pe*cul`iar"i*ty\ (p[-e]*k[=u]l`y[a^]r"[i^]*t[y^]),
n.; pl. Peculiarities (p[-e]*k[=u]l`y[a^]r"[i^]*t[i^]z).
1. The quality or state of being peculiar; individuality;
singularity. --Swift.
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2. That which is peculiar; a special and distinctive
characteristic or habit; particularity.
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The smallest peculiarity of temper or manner.
--Macaulay.
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3. Exclusive possession or right. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
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Peculiarity
(gcide) | Peculiarity \Pe*cul`iar"i*ty\ (p[-e]*k[=u]l`y[a^]r"[i^]*t[y^]),
n.; pl. Peculiarities (p[-e]*k[=u]l`y[a^]r"[i^]*t[i^]z).
1. The quality or state of being peculiar; individuality;
singularity. --Swift.
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2. That which is peculiar; a special and distinctive
characteristic or habit; particularity.
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The smallest peculiarity of temper or manner.
--Macaulay.
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3. Exclusive possession or right. [Obs.] --Bp. Hall.
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Peculiarize
(gcide) | Peculiarize \Pe*cul"iar*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Peculiarized; p. pr. & vb. n. Peculiarizing.]
To make peculiar; to set apart or assign, as an exclusive
possession. [R.] --Dr. John Smith.
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Peculiarized
(gcide) | Peculiarize \Pe*cul"iar*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Peculiarized; p. pr. & vb. n. Peculiarizing.]
To make peculiar; to set apart or assign, as an exclusive
possession. [R.] --Dr. John Smith.
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Peculiarizing
(gcide) | Peculiarize \Pe*cul"iar*ize\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Peculiarized; p. pr. & vb. n. Peculiarizing.]
To make peculiar; to set apart or assign, as an exclusive
possession. [R.] --Dr. John Smith.
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Peculiarly
(gcide) | Peculiarly \Pe*cul"iar*ly\, adv.
In a peculiar manner; particularly; in a rare and striking
degree; unusually.
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Peculiarness
(gcide) | Peculiarness \Pe*cul"iar*ness\, n.
The quality or state of being peculiar; peculiarity. --Mede.
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Peculium
(gcide) | Peculium \Pe*cu"li*um\, n. [L. See Peculiar.]
1. (Rom. Law) The saving of a son or a slave with the
father's or master's consent; a little property or stock
of one's own; any exclusive personal or separate property.
--Burrill.
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2. A special fund for private and personal uses.
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A slight peculium only subtracted to supply his
snuff box and tobacco pouch. --Sir W.
Scott.
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Specula
(gcide) | Speculum \Spec"u*lum\, n.; pl. L. Specula, E. Speculum. [L.,
fr. specere to look, behold. See Spy.]
1. A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as
in Greek and Roman archaeology.
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2. A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in
reflecting telescopes. See Speculum metal, below.
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3. (Surg.) An instrument for dilating certain passages of the
body, and throwing light within them, thus facilitating
examination or surgical operations.
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4. (Zool.) A bright and lustrous patch of color found on the
wings of ducks and some other birds. It is usually
situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills,
and is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the
female.
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Speculum metal, a hard, brittle alloy used for making the
reflectors of telescopes and other instruments, usually
consisting of copper and tin in various proportions, one
of the best being that in which there are 126.4 parts of
copper to 58.9 parts of tin, with sometimes a small
proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc added to improve
the whiteness.
[1913 Webster] |
Specular
(gcide) | Specular \Spec"u*lar\, a. [L. specularis (cf., from the same
root, specula a lookout, watchtower): cf. F. sp['e]culaire.
See Speculum.]
1. Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a
smooth, reflecting surface; as, a specular metal; a
specular surface.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a speculum; conducted with the
aid of a speculum; as, a specular examination.
[1913 Webster]
3. Assisting sight, as a lens or the like. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
Thy specular orb
Apply to well-dissected kernels; lo!
In each observe the slender threads
Of first-beginning trees. --J. Philips.
[1913 Webster]
4. Affording view. [R.] "Look once more, ere we leave this
specular mount." --Milton.
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Specular iron. (Min.) See Hematite.
[1913 Webster] |
specular iron
(gcide) | Hematite \Hem"a*tite\, n. [L. haematites, Gr. ? bloodlike, fr.
a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.] (Min.)
An important ore of iron, the sesquioxide, so called because
of the red color of the powder. It occurs in splendent
rhombohedral crystals, and in massive and earthy forms; --
the last called red ocher. Called also specular iron,
oligist iron, rhombohedral iron ore, and bloodstone.
See Brown hematite, under Brown.
[1913 Webster]Iron \I"ron\ ([imac]"[u^]rn), n. [OE. iren, AS. [imac]ren,
[imac]sen, [imac]sern; akin to D. ijzer, OS. [imac]sarn, OHG.
[imac]sarn, [imac]san, G. eisen, Icel. [imac]sarn, j[=a]rn,
Sw. & Dan. jern, and perh. to E. ice; cf. Ir. iarann, W.
haiarn, Armor. houarn.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Chem.) The most common and most useful metallic element,
being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form
of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous
oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an
enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., {cast
iron}, steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears
dark brown, from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or
on a fresh surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily
oxidized (rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many
corrosive agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic number
26, atomic weight 55.847. Specific gravity, pure iron,
7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In magnetic properties, it is
superior to all other substances.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The value of iron is largely due to the facility with
which it can be worked. Thus, when heated it is
malleable and ductile, and can be easily welded and
forged at a high temperature. As cast iron, it is
easily fusible; as steel, is very tough, and (when
tempered) very hard and elastic. Chemically, iron is
grouped with cobalt and nickel. Steel is a variety of
iron containing more carbon than wrought iron, but less
that cast iron. It is made either from wrought iron, by
roasting in a packing of carbon (cementation) or from
cast iron, by burning off the impurities in a Bessemer
converter (then called Bessemer steel), or directly
from the iron ore (as in the Siemens rotatory and
generating furnace).
[1913 Webster]
2. An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in
composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.
[1913 Webster]
My young soldier, put up your iron. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
3. pl. Fetters; chains; handcuffs; manacles.
[1913 Webster]
Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons.
--Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
4. Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with
a rod of iron.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Golf) An iron-headed club with a deep face, chiefly used
in making approaches, lifting a ball over hazards, etc.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Bar iron. See Wrought iron (below).
Bog iron, bog ore; limonite. See Bog ore, under Bog.
Cast iron (Metal.), an impure variety of iron, containing
from three to six percent of carbon, part of which is
united with a part of the iron, as a carbide, and the rest
is uncombined, as graphite. It there is little free
carbon, the product is white iron; if much of the carbon
has separated as graphite, it is called gray iron. See
also Cast iron, in the Vocabulary.
Fire irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray iron. See Cast iron (above).
It irons (Naut.), said of a sailing vessel, when, in
tacking, she comes up head to the wind and will not fill
away on either tack.
Magnetic iron. See Magnetite.
Malleable iron (Metal.), iron sufficiently pure or soft to
be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a
kind of iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon
or other impurities from cast iron, rendering it less
brittle, and to some extent malleable.
Meteoric iron (Chem.), iron forming a large, and often the
chief, ingredient of meteorites. It invariably contains a
small amount of nickel and cobalt. Cf. Meteorite.
Pig iron, the form in which cast iron is made at the blast
furnace, being run into molds, called pigs.
Reduced iron. See under Reduced.
Specular iron. See Hematite.
Too many irons in the fire, too many objects or tasks
requiring the attention at once.
White iron. See Cast iron (above).
Wrought iron (Metal.), the purest form of iron commonly
known in the arts, containing only about half of one per
cent of carbon. It is made either directly from the ore,
as in the Catalan forge or bloomery, or by purifying
(puddling) cast iron in a reverberatory furnace or
refinery. It is tough, malleable, and ductile. When formed
into bars, it is called bar iron.
[1913 Webster]Specular \Spec"u*lar\, a. [L. specularis (cf., from the same
root, specula a lookout, watchtower): cf. F. sp['e]culaire.
See Speculum.]
1. Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a
smooth, reflecting surface; as, a specular metal; a
specular surface.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a speculum; conducted with the
aid of a speculum; as, a specular examination.
[1913 Webster]
3. Assisting sight, as a lens or the like. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
Thy specular orb
Apply to well-dissected kernels; lo!
In each observe the slender threads
Of first-beginning trees. --J. Philips.
[1913 Webster]
4. Affording view. [R.] "Look once more, ere we leave this
specular mount." --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
Specular iron. (Min.) See Hematite.
[1913 Webster] |
Specular iron
(gcide) | Hematite \Hem"a*tite\, n. [L. haematites, Gr. ? bloodlike, fr.
a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.] (Min.)
An important ore of iron, the sesquioxide, so called because
of the red color of the powder. It occurs in splendent
rhombohedral crystals, and in massive and earthy forms; --
the last called red ocher. Called also specular iron,
oligist iron, rhombohedral iron ore, and bloodstone.
See Brown hematite, under Brown.
[1913 Webster]Iron \I"ron\ ([imac]"[u^]rn), n. [OE. iren, AS. [imac]ren,
[imac]sen, [imac]sern; akin to D. ijzer, OS. [imac]sarn, OHG.
[imac]sarn, [imac]san, G. eisen, Icel. [imac]sarn, j[=a]rn,
Sw. & Dan. jern, and perh. to E. ice; cf. Ir. iarann, W.
haiarn, Armor. houarn.]
[1913 Webster]
1. (Chem.) The most common and most useful metallic element,
being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form
of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous
oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an
enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., {cast
iron}, steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears
dark brown, from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or
on a fresh surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily
oxidized (rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many
corrosive agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic number
26, atomic weight 55.847. Specific gravity, pure iron,
7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In magnetic properties, it is
superior to all other substances.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The value of iron is largely due to the facility with
which it can be worked. Thus, when heated it is
malleable and ductile, and can be easily welded and
forged at a high temperature. As cast iron, it is
easily fusible; as steel, is very tough, and (when
tempered) very hard and elastic. Chemically, iron is
grouped with cobalt and nickel. Steel is a variety of
iron containing more carbon than wrought iron, but less
that cast iron. It is made either from wrought iron, by
roasting in a packing of carbon (cementation) or from
cast iron, by burning off the impurities in a Bessemer
converter (then called Bessemer steel), or directly
from the iron ore (as in the Siemens rotatory and
generating furnace).
[1913 Webster]
2. An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in
composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.
[1913 Webster]
My young soldier, put up your iron. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
3. pl. Fetters; chains; handcuffs; manacles.
[1913 Webster]
Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons.
--Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
4. Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with
a rod of iron.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Golf) An iron-headed club with a deep face, chiefly used
in making approaches, lifting a ball over hazards, etc.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Bar iron. See Wrought iron (below).
Bog iron, bog ore; limonite. See Bog ore, under Bog.
Cast iron (Metal.), an impure variety of iron, containing
from three to six percent of carbon, part of which is
united with a part of the iron, as a carbide, and the rest
is uncombined, as graphite. It there is little free
carbon, the product is white iron; if much of the carbon
has separated as graphite, it is called gray iron. See
also Cast iron, in the Vocabulary.
Fire irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray iron. See Cast iron (above).
It irons (Naut.), said of a sailing vessel, when, in
tacking, she comes up head to the wind and will not fill
away on either tack.
Magnetic iron. See Magnetite.
Malleable iron (Metal.), iron sufficiently pure or soft to
be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a
kind of iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon
or other impurities from cast iron, rendering it less
brittle, and to some extent malleable.
Meteoric iron (Chem.), iron forming a large, and often the
chief, ingredient of meteorites. It invariably contains a
small amount of nickel and cobalt. Cf. Meteorite.
Pig iron, the form in which cast iron is made at the blast
furnace, being run into molds, called pigs.
Reduced iron. See under Reduced.
Specular iron. See Hematite.
Too many irons in the fire, too many objects or tasks
requiring the attention at once.
White iron. See Cast iron (above).
Wrought iron (Metal.), the purest form of iron commonly
known in the arts, containing only about half of one per
cent of carbon. It is made either directly from the ore,
as in the Catalan forge or bloomery, or by purifying
(puddling) cast iron in a reverberatory furnace or
refinery. It is tough, malleable, and ductile. When formed
into bars, it is called bar iron.
[1913 Webster]Specular \Spec"u*lar\, a. [L. specularis (cf., from the same
root, specula a lookout, watchtower): cf. F. sp['e]culaire.
See Speculum.]
1. Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a
smooth, reflecting surface; as, a specular metal; a
specular surface.
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2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a speculum; conducted with the
aid of a speculum; as, a specular examination.
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3. Assisting sight, as a lens or the like. [Obs.]
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Thy specular orb
Apply to well-dissected kernels; lo!
In each observe the slender threads
Of first-beginning trees. --J. Philips.
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4. Affording view. [R.] "Look once more, ere we leave this
specular mount." --Milton.
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Specular iron. (Min.) See Hematite.
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specular pig iron
(gcide) | Spiegel iron \Spie"gel i`ron\ [G. spiegel mirror + E. iron.]
(Metal.)
A fusible white cast iron containing a large amount of carbon
(from three and a half to six per cent) and some manganese.
When the manganese reaches twenty-five per cent and upwards
it has a granular structure, and constitutes the alloy ferro
manganese, largely used in the manufacture of Bessemer steel.
Called also specular pig iron, spiegel, and
spiegeleisen.
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Speculate
(gcide) | Speculate \Spec"u*late\, v. t.
To consider attentively; as, to speculate the nature of a
thing. [R.] --Sir W. Hamilton.
[1913 Webster]Speculate \Spec"u*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speculated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Speculating.] [L. speculatus, p. p. of
speculari to spy out, observe, fr. specula a lookout, fr.
specere to look. See Spy.]
1. To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing
it in its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to
contemplate; to theorize; as, to speculate on questions in
religion; to speculate on political events.
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It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most
boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude
to the external regulations of society. --Hawthorne.
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2. (Philos.) To view subjects from certain premises given or
assumed, and infer conclusions respecting them a priori.
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3. (Com.) To purchase with the expectation of a contingent
advance in value, and a consequent sale at a profit; --
often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to speculate in coffee, in
sugar, or in bank stock.
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Speculated
(gcide) | Speculate \Spec"u*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speculated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Speculating.] [L. speculatus, p. p. of
speculari to spy out, observe, fr. specula a lookout, fr.
specere to look. See Spy.]
1. To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing
it in its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to
contemplate; to theorize; as, to speculate on questions in
religion; to speculate on political events.
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It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most
boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude
to the external regulations of society. --Hawthorne.
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2. (Philos.) To view subjects from certain premises given or
assumed, and infer conclusions respecting them a priori.
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3. (Com.) To purchase with the expectation of a contingent
advance in value, and a consequent sale at a profit; --
often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to speculate in coffee, in
sugar, or in bank stock.
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Speculating
(gcide) | Speculate \Spec"u*late\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speculated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Speculating.] [L. speculatus, p. p. of
speculari to spy out, observe, fr. specula a lookout, fr.
specere to look. See Spy.]
1. To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing
it in its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to
contemplate; to theorize; as, to speculate on questions in
religion; to speculate on political events.
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It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most
boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude
to the external regulations of society. --Hawthorne.
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2. (Philos.) To view subjects from certain premises given or
assumed, and infer conclusions respecting them a priori.
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3. (Com.) To purchase with the expectation of a contingent
advance in value, and a consequent sale at a profit; --
often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to speculate in coffee, in
sugar, or in bank stock.
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Speculation
(gcide) | Speculation \Spec`u*la"tion\, n. [L. speculatio a spying out,
observation: cf. F. sp['e]culation.]
1. The act of speculating. Specifically:
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(a) Examination by the eye; view. [Obs.]
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(b) Mental view of anything in its various aspects and
relations; contemplation; intellectual examination.
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Thenceforth to speculations high or deep
I turned my thoughts. --Milton.
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(c) (Philos.) The act or process of reasoning a priori
from premises given or assumed.
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(d) (Com.) The act or practice of buying land, goods,
shares, etc., in expectation of selling at a higher
price, or of selling with the expectation of
repurchasing at a lower price; a trading on
anticipated fluctuations in price, as distinguished
from trading in which the profit expected is the
difference between the retail and wholesale prices, or
the difference of price in different markets.
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Sudden fortunes, indeed, are sometimes made in
such places, by what is called the trade of
speculation. --A. Smith.
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Speculation, while confined within moderate
limits, is the agent for equalizing supply and
demand, and rendering the fluctuations of price
less sudden and abrupt than they would otherwise
be. --F. A.
Walker.
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(e) Any business venture in involving unusual risks, with
a chance for large profits.
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2. A conclusion to which the mind comes by speculating; mere
theory; view; notion; conjecture.
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From him Socrates derived the principles of
morality, and most part of his natural speculations.
--Sir W.
Temple.
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To his speculations on these subjects he gave the
lofty name of the "Oracles of Reason." --Macaulay.
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3. Power of sight. [Obs.]
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Thou hast no speculation in those eyes. --Shak.
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4. A game at cards in which the players buy from one another
trumps or whole hands, upon a chance of getting the
highest trump dealt, which entitles the holder to the pool
of stakes.
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Speculatist
(gcide) | Speculatist \Spec"u*la*tist\ (sp[e^]k"[-u]*l[.a]*t[i^]st), n.
One who speculates, or forms theories; a speculator; a
theorist.
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The very ingenious speculatist, Mr. Hume. --V. Knox.
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Speculative
(gcide) | Speculative \Spec"u*la*tive\ (sp[e^]k"[-u]*l[.a]*t[i^]v), a.
[Cf. F. sp['e]culatif, L. speculativus.]
1. Given to speculation; contemplative.
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The mind of man being by nature speculative.
--Hooker.
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2. Involving, or formed by, speculation; ideal; theoretical;
not established by demonstration. --Cudworth.
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3. Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying; inquisitive;
curious. [R.] --Bacon.
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4. Of or pertaining to speculation in land, goods, shares,
etc.; as, a speculative dealer or enterprise.
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The speculative merchant exercises no one regular,
established, or well-known branch of business. --A.
Smith.
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5. (Finance) More risky than typical investments; not
investment grade.
[PJC] -- Spec"u*la*tive*ly, adv. --
Spec"u*la*tive*ness, n.
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Speculative theology
(gcide) | Theology \The*ol"o*gy\, n.; pl. Theologies. [L. theologia, Gr.
?; ? God + ? discourse: cf. F. th['e]ologie. See Theism,
and Logic.]
The science of God or of religion; the science which treats
of the existence, character, and attributes of God, his laws
and government, the doctrines we are to believe, and the
duties we are to practice; divinity; (as more commonly
understood) "the knowledge derivable from the Scriptures, the
systematic exhibition of revealed truth, the science of
Christian faith and life."
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Many speak of theology as a science of religion
[instead of "science of God"] because they disbelieve
that there is any knowledge of God to be attained.
--Prof. R.
Flint (Enc.
Brit.).
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Theology is ordered knowledge; representing in the
region of the intellect what religion represents in the
heart and life of man. --Gladstone.
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Ascetic theology, Natural theology. See Ascetic,
Natural.
Moral theology, that phase of theology which is concerned
with moral character and conduct.
Revealed theology, theology which is to be learned only
from revelation.
Scholastic theology, theology as taught by the scholastics,
or as prosecuted after their principles and methods.
Speculative theology, theology as founded upon, or
influenced by, speculation or metaphysical philosophy.
Systematic theology, that branch of theology of which the
aim is to reduce all revealed truth to a series of
statements that together shall constitute an organized
whole. --E. G. Robinson (Johnson's Cyc.).
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Speculatively
(gcide) | Speculative \Spec"u*la*tive\ (sp[e^]k"[-u]*l[.a]*t[i^]v), a.
[Cf. F. sp['e]culatif, L. speculativus.]
1. Given to speculation; contemplative.
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The mind of man being by nature speculative.
--Hooker.
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2. Involving, or formed by, speculation; ideal; theoretical;
not established by demonstration. --Cudworth.
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3. Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying; inquisitive;
curious. [R.] --Bacon.
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4. Of or pertaining to speculation in land, goods, shares,
etc.; as, a speculative dealer or enterprise.
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The speculative merchant exercises no one regular,
established, or well-known branch of business. --A.
Smith.
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5. (Finance) More risky than typical investments; not
investment grade.
[PJC] -- Spec"u*la*tive*ly, adv. --
Spec"u*la*tive*ness, n.
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Speculativeness
(gcide) | Speculative \Spec"u*la*tive\ (sp[e^]k"[-u]*l[.a]*t[i^]v), a.
[Cf. F. sp['e]culatif, L. speculativus.]
1. Given to speculation; contemplative.
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The mind of man being by nature speculative.
--Hooker.
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2. Involving, or formed by, speculation; ideal; theoretical;
not established by demonstration. --Cudworth.
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3. Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying; inquisitive;
curious. [R.] --Bacon.
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4. Of or pertaining to speculation in land, goods, shares,
etc.; as, a speculative dealer or enterprise.
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The speculative merchant exercises no one regular,
established, or well-known branch of business. --A.
Smith.
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5. (Finance) More risky than typical investments; not
investment grade.
[PJC] -- Spec"u*la*tive*ly, adv. --
Spec"u*la*tive*ness, n.
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Speculator
(gcide) | Speculator \Spec"u*la`tor\ (sp[e^]k"[-u]*l[=a]`t[~e]r), n. [L.,
a spy, explorer, investigator: cf. F. sp['e]culateur.]
One who speculates. Specifically:
(a) An observer; a contemplator; hence, a spy; a watcher.
[Obs.] --Sir T. Browne.
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(b) One who forms theories; a theorist.
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A speculator who had dared to affirm that the human
soul is by nature mortal. --Macaulay.
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(c) (Com.) One who engages in speculation; one who buys and
sells goods, land, etc., with the expectation of deriving
profit from fluctuations in price.
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Speculatorial
(gcide) | Speculatorial \Spec`u*la*to"ri*al\
(sp[e^]k`[-u]*l[.a]*t[=o]"r[i^]*al), a.
Speculatory; speculative. [Obs.]
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Speculatory
(gcide) | Speculatory \Spec"u*la*to*ry\ (sp[e^]k"[-u]*l[.a]*t[-o]*r[y^]),
a. [L. speculatorius belonging to spies or scouts.]
1. Intended or adapted for viewing or espying; having
oversight. --T. Warton.
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2. Exercising speculation; speculative. --T. Carew.
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