| slovo | definícia |
quine
(wn) | Quine
n 1: United States philosopher and logician who championed an
empirical view of knowledge that depended on language
(1908-2001) [syn: Quine, W. V. Quine, {Willard Van
Orman Quine}] |
quine
(foldoc) | quine
/kwi:n/ (After the logician Willard V. Quine,
via Douglas Hofstadter) A program that generates a copy of its
own source text as its complete output. Devising the shortest
possible quine in some given programming language is a common
hackish amusement.
In most interpreted languages, any constant, e.g. 42, is a
quine because it "evaluates to itself". In certain Lisp
dialects (e.g. Emacs Lisp), the symbols "nil" and "t" are
"self-quoting", i.e. they are both a symbol and also the value
of that symbol. In some dialects, the function-forming
function symbol, "lambda" is self-quoting so that, when
applied to some arguments, it returns itself applied to those
arguments. Here is a quine in Lisp using this idea:
((lambda (x) (list x x)) (lambda (x) (list x x)))
Compare this to the lambda expression:
(\ x . x x) (\ x . x x)
which reproduces itself after one step of beta reduction.
This is simply the result of applying the combinator fix
to the identity function. In fact any quine can be
considered as a fixed point of the language's evaluation
mechanism.
We can write this in Lisp:
((lambda (x) (funcall x x)) (lambda (x) (funcall x x)))
where "funcall" applies its first argument to the rest of its
arguments, but evaluation of this expression will never
terminate so it cannot be called a quine.
Here is a more complex version of the above Lisp quine, which
will work in Scheme and other Lisps where "lambda" is not
self-quoting:
((lambda (x)
(list x (list (quote quote) x)))
(quote
(lambda (x)
(list x (list (quote quote) x)))))
It's relatively easy to write quines in other languages such
as PostScript which readily handle programs as data; much
harder (and thus more challenging!) in languages like C
which do not. Here is a classic C quine for ASCII
machines:
char*f="char*f=%c%s%c;main() printf(f,34,f,34,10);%c";
main()printf(f,34,f,34,10);
For excruciatingly exact quinishness, remove the interior line
break. Some infamous Obfuscated C Contest entries have been
quines that reproduced in exotic ways.
Ken Thompson's back door involved an interesting variant
of a quine - a compiler which reproduced part of itself when
compiling (a version of) itself.
[Jargon File]
(1995-04-25)
|
quine
(jargon) | quine
/kwi:n/, n.
[from the name of the logician Willard van Orman Quine, via Douglas
Hofstadter] A program that generates a copy of its own source text as its
complete output. Devising the shortest possible quine in some given
programming language is a common hackish amusement. (We ignore some
variants of BASIC in which a program consisting of a single empty string
literal reproduces itself trivially.) Here is one classic quine:
((lambda (x)
(list x (list (quote quote) x)))
(quote
(lambda (x)
(list x (list (quote quote) x)))))
This one works in LISP or Scheme. It's relatively easy to write quines in
other languages such as Postscript which readily handle programs as data;
much harder (and thus more challenging!) in languages like C which do not.
Here is a classic C quine for ASCII machines:
char*f="char*f=%c%s%c;main()
printf(f,34,f,34,10);%c";
main()printf(f,34,f,34,10);
For excruciatingly exact quinishness, remove the interior line breaks. Here
is another elegant quine in ANSI C:
#define q(k)main()return!puts(#k"\nq("#k")");
q(#define q(k)main()return!puts(#k"\nq("#k")");)
Some infamous Obfuscated C Contest entries have been quines that
reproduced in exotic ways. There is an amusing Quine Home Page.
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| | podobné slovo | definícia |
equine
(mass) | equine
- kôň |
chloroquine
(encz) | chloroquine,lék proti malárii Zdeněk Brož |
equine
(encz) | equine,koňský Martin M.equine,kůň n: VP |
equine distemper
(encz) | equine distemper, n: |
equine encephalitis
(encz) | equine encephalitis, n: |
equine encephalomyelitis
(encz) | equine encephalomyelitis, n: |
hydroxychloroquine
(encz) | hydroxychloroquine, n: |
mefloquine
(encz) | mefloquine, n: |
mefloquine hydrochloride
(encz) | mefloquine hydrochloride, n: |
primaquine
(encz) | primaquine, n: |
sequined
(encz) | sequined, adj: |
beaded beady bejeweled bejewelled bespangled gemmed jeweled jewelled sequined spangled spangly
(gcide) | decorated \decorated\ adj.
having decorations. [Narrower terms: {beaded, beady,
bejeweled, bejewelled, bespangled, gemmed, jeweled, jewelled,
sequined, spangled, spangly}; bedaubed; {bespectacled,
monocled, spectacled}; braided; {brocaded, embossed,
raised}; buttony; carbuncled; {champleve, cloisonne,
enameled}; crested, plumed having a decorative plume);
crested, top-knotted, topknotted, tufted; crested;
embellished, ornamented, ornate; embroidered; {encircled,
ringed, wreathed}; {fancied up, gussied, gussied up, tricked
out}; feathery, feathered, plumy; {frilled, frilly,
ruffled}; fringed; gilt-edged; inflamed; inlaid;
inwrought; laced; mosaic, tessellated; {paneled,
wainscoted}; studded; tapestried; tasseled, tasselled;
tufted; clinquant, tinseled, tinselly; tricked-out]
Also See: clothed, fancy. Antonym: unadorned.
Syn: adorned.
[WordNet 1.5] |
Equine
(gcide) | Equine \E"quine\, a. [L. equinus, fr. equus horse; akin to Gr.
?, Skr. a?va, OS. ehu, AS. eh, eoh, Icel. j?r, OIr. ech, cf.
Skr. a? to reach, overtake, perh. akin to E. acute, edge,
eager, a. Cf. Hippopotamus.]
Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a horse.
[1913 Webster]
The shoulders, body, things, and mane are equine; the
head completely bovine. --Sir J.
Barrow.
[1913 Webster] |
equine antelope
(gcide) | Roan \Roan\ (r[=o]n), a. [F. rouan; cf. Sp. roano, ruano, It.
rovano, roano.]
1. Having a bay, chestnut, brown, or black color, with gray
or white thickly interspersed; -- said of a horse.
[1913 Webster]
Give my roan a drench. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
2. Made of the leather called roan; as, roan binding.
[1913 Webster]
Roan antelope (Zool.), a very large South African antelope
(Hippotragus equinus). It has long sharp horns and a
stiff bright brown mane. Called also mahnya, {equine
antelope}, and bastard gemsbok.
[1913 Webster] |
chloroquine
(wn) | chloroquine
n 1: an antimalarial drug used to treat malaria and amebic
dysentery and systemic lupus erythematosus |
dieffenbachia sequine
(wn) | Dieffenbachia sequine
n 1: an evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves;
contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence
the name [syn: dumb cane, mother-in-law plant, {mother-
in-law's tongue}, Dieffenbachia sequine] |
equine
(wn) | equine
adj 1: resembling a horse
2: of or belonging to the family Equidae
n 1: hoofed mammals having slender legs and a flat coat with a
narrow mane along the back of the neck [syn: equine,
equid] |
equine distemper
(wn) | equine distemper
n 1: an acute bacterial disease of horses characterized by
inflammation of the mucous membranes [syn: {equine
distemper}, strangles] |
equine encephalitis
(wn) | equine encephalitis
n 1: encephalitis caused by a virus that is transmitted by a
mosquito from an infected horse [syn: {equine
encephalitis}, equine encephalomyelitis] |
equine encephalomyelitis
(wn) | equine encephalomyelitis
n 1: encephalitis caused by a virus that is transmitted by a
mosquito from an infected horse [syn: {equine
encephalitis}, equine encephalomyelitis] |
hydroxychloroquine
(wn) | hydroxychloroquine
n 1: anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Plaquenil) used in the
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and malaria and lupus
erythematosus [syn: hydroxychloroquine, Plaquenil] |
mefloquine
(wn) | mefloquine
n 1: an antimalarial drug (trade name Larium and Mephaquine)
that is effective in cases that do not respond to
chloroquine; said to produce harmful neuropsychiatric
effects on some people [syn: mefloquine, {mefloquine
hydrochloride}, Larium, Mephaquine] |
mefloquine hydrochloride
(wn) | mefloquine hydrochloride
n 1: an antimalarial drug (trade name Larium and Mephaquine)
that is effective in cases that do not respond to
chloroquine; said to produce harmful neuropsychiatric
effects on some people [syn: mefloquine, {mefloquine
hydrochloride}, Larium, Mephaquine] |
mephaquine
(wn) | Mephaquine
n 1: an antimalarial drug (trade name Larium and Mephaquine)
that is effective in cases that do not respond to
chloroquine; said to produce harmful neuropsychiatric
effects on some people [syn: mefloquine, {mefloquine
hydrochloride}, Larium, Mephaquine] |
primaquine
(wn) | primaquine
n 1: synthetic antimalarial drug |
sequined
(wn) | sequined
adj 1: covered with beads or jewels or sequins [syn: beady,
gemmed, jeweled, jewelled, sequined, spangled,
spangly] |
w. v. quine
(wn) | W. V. Quine
n 1: United States philosopher and logician who championed an
empirical view of knowledge that depended on language
(1908-2001) [syn: Quine, W. V. Quine, {Willard Van
Orman Quine}] |
willard van orman quine
(wn) | Willard Van Orman Quine
n 1: United States philosopher and logician who championed an
empirical view of knowledge that depended on language
(1908-2001) [syn: Quine, W. V. Quine, {Willard Van
Orman Quine}] |
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