| slovo | definícia |
-CH2-
(gcide) | Methylene \Meth"yl*ene\, n. [F. m['e]thyl[`e]ne, from Gr. ? wine
+ ? wood; -- a word coined to correspond to the name wood
spirit.] (Chem.)
A divalent hydrocarbon radical, -CH2-, not known in the
free state, but regarded as an essential residue and
component of certain derivatives of methane; as, methylene
bromide, CH2Br2; -- formerly called also methene.
[1913 Webster]
Methylene blue (Chem.), an artificial dyestuff consisting
of a complex sulphur derivative of diphenyl amine; --
called also pure blue.
[1913 Webster] |
-CH2-
(gcide) | molecular formula \mo*lec"u*lar form"u*la\, n. (Chem.)
An expression representing the composition of elements in a
chemical substance, commonly consisting of a series of
letters and numbers comprising the atomic symbols of each
element present in a compound followed by the number of atoms
of that element present in one molecule of the substance.
Thus the molecular formula for common alcohol (ethyl alcohol)
is C2H6O, meaning that each molecule contains two carbon
atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom. The molecular
formula may be written to provide some indication of the
actual structure of the molecule, in which case structural
units may be written separately. Thus, ethyl alcohol can also
be written as CH3.CH2.OH or CH3-CH2-OH, in which the
period or dash between functional groups indicates a single
bond between the principle atoms of each group. This formula
shows that in ethyl alcohol, the carbon of a methyl group
(CH3-) is attached to the carbon of a methylene group
(-CH2-), which is attached to the oxygen of a hydroxyl
group (-OH). A structural formula is a graphical
depiction of the relative positions of atoms in a molecule,
and may be very complicated.
[PJC] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
C6H4CH22
(gcide) | Tolylene \Tol"yl*ene\, n. (Chem.)
A hydrocarbon radical, C6H4.(CH2)2, regarded as
characteristic of certain toluene derivatives.
[1913 Webster] |
C6H5CH2
(gcide) | Benzyl \Ben"zyl\, n. [Benzoic + -yl.] (Chem.)
A compound radical, C6H5.CH2, related to toluene and
benzoic acid; -- commonly used adjectively.
[1913 Webster] |
CH20n
(gcide) | paraformaldehyde \par`a*form*al"de*hyde\, n. [Pref. para- +
formaldehyde.] (Chem.)
A polymer of formaldehyde obtained as a white crystalline
substance by concentration of a formaldehyde solution.
Formula (CH20)n. It dissolves in hot water with the release
of formaldehyde, and is used as a disinfectant.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
-CH24-
(gcide) | Butylene \Bu"ty*lene\, n. [From Butyl.]
1. (Chem.) Any one of three metameric hydrocarbons, C4H8,
of the ethylene series. They are gaseous or easily
liquefiable; -- called also butene.
[1913 Webster]
2. the hypothetical divalent radical -(CH2)4-; -- used in
combining forms; as, butylene diamine.
[PJC] |
CH26N4C2H5Br
(gcide) | Bromalin \Bro"ma*lin\, n. [From Bromine.] (Pharm.)
A colorless or white crystalline compound, (CH2)6N4C2H5Br,
used as a sedative in epilepsy.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.] |
CH2Br2
(gcide) | Methylene \Meth"yl*ene\, n. [F. m['e]thyl[`e]ne, from Gr. ? wine
+ ? wood; -- a word coined to correspond to the name wood
spirit.] (Chem.)
A divalent hydrocarbon radical, -CH2-, not known in the
free state, but regarded as an essential residue and
component of certain derivatives of methane; as, methylene
bromide, CH2Br2; -- formerly called also methene.
[1913 Webster]
Methylene blue (Chem.), an artificial dyestuff consisting
of a complex sulphur derivative of diphenyl amine; --
called also pure blue.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2C6H4CH2
(gcide) | Xylylene \Xy"lyl*ene\, n. (Chem.)
Any one of three metameric radicals, CH2.C6H4.CH2, derived
respectively from the three xylenes. Often used adjectively;
as, xylylene alcohol.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2CCOOHCH2COOH
(gcide) | itaconic acid \it`a*con"ic ac"id\, n. (Chem.)
The unsaturated dicarboxylic acid CH2=C(COOH)CH2.COOH, also
called methylenesuccynic acid and {propylene dicarboxylic
acid}.
[PJC] |
CH2CH
(gcide) | Ethenyl \Eth"e*nyl\, n. [Ethene + -yl.] (Chem.)
(a) A trivalent hydrocarbon radical, CH3.C.
(b) A univalent hydrocarbon radical of the ethylene series,
CH2:CH; -- called also vinyl. See Vinyl.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2CH2
(gcide) | Ethylidene \E*thyl"i*dene\ (Chem.)
An unsymmetrical, divalent, hydrocarbon radical, C2H4
metameric with ethylene but written thus, CH3.CH= to
distinguish it from the symmetrical ethylene, CH2=CH2. Its
compounds are derived from aldehyde. Formerly called also
ethidene.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2CO2
(gcide) | Malonyl \Mal"o*nyl\, n. [Malonic + -yl.] (Chem.)
A divalent diacyl radical, CH2.(CO)2, from malonic acid.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2CO2H2
(gcide) | Malonic \Ma*lon"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, a dicarboxylic acid produced
artifically as a white crystalline substance, CH2.(CO2H)2,
and so called because obtained by the oxidation of malic
acid.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2CONH2CO
(gcide) | Barbituric acid \Bar`bi*tu"ric ac"id\ (Chem.)
A white, crystalline substance, CH2(CO.NH)2.CO, derived
from alloxantin, also from malonic acid and urea, and
regarded as a substituted urea.
[1913 Webster] Barbizon school |
CH2N4
(gcide) | Tetrazole \Tet*raz"ole\, n. [Tetrazo- + -ole.] (Org. Chem.)
A crystalline acid substance, CH2N4, which may be regarded
as pyrrol in which nitrogen atoms replace three CH groups;
also, any of various derivatives of the same.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.] |
CH2O
(gcide) | Aldehyde \Al"de*hyde\ ([a^]l"d[-e]*h[imac]d), n. [Abbrev. fr.
alcohol dehydrogenatum, alcohol deprived of its hydrogen.]
1. (Chem.) A colorless, mobile, and very volatile liquid
obtained from alcohol by certain processes of oxidation.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Chem.) Any compound having the group -CHO. Methyl
aldehyde, the simplest aldehyde, is more commonly called
formaldehyde, H-CHO, and acetic aldehyde is now more
commonly called acetaldehyde. The higher aldehydes may
be solids. A reducing sugar typically contains the
aldehyde group.
[PJC]
Note: The aldehydes are intermediate between the alcohols and
acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less
hydrogen atoms in the molecule, as common aldehyde
(called also acetaldehyde, acetic aldehyde or
ethyl aldehyde), C2H4O; methyl aldehyde (called
also formaldehyde), CH2O.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Aldehyde ammonia (Chem.), a compound formed by the union of
aldehyde with ammonia.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2O2CO2H2
(gcide) | Mesoxalic \Mes`ox*al"ic\, a. [Mes- + oxalic.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, CH2O2(CO2H)2,
obtained from amido malonic acid.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2OH
(gcide) | Primary \Pri"ma*ry\, a. [L. primarius, fr. primus first: cf. F.
primaire. See Prime, a., and cf. Premier, Primero.]
1. First in order of time or development or in intention;
primitive; fundamental; original.
[1913 Webster]
The church of Christ, in its primary institution.
--Bp. Pearson.
[1913 Webster]
These I call original, or primary, qualities of
body. --Locke.
[1913 Webster]
2. First in order, as being preparatory to something higher;
as, primary assemblies; primary schools.
[1913 Webster]
3. First in dignity or importance; chief; principal; as,
primary planets; a matter of primary importance.
[1913 Webster]
4. (Geol.) Earliest formed; fundamental.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Chem.) Illustrating, possessing, or characterized by,
some quality or property in the first degree; having
undergone the first stage of substitution or replacement.
[1913 Webster]
Primary alcohol (Organic Chem.), any alcohol which possess
the group CH2.OH, and can be oxidized so as to form a
corresponding aldehyde and acid having the same number of
carbon atoms; -- distinguished from {secondary & tertiary
alcohols}.
Primary amine (Chem.), an amine containing the amido group,
or a derivative of ammonia in which only one atom of
hydrogen has been replaced by a basic radical; --
distinguished from secondary & tertiary amines.
Primary amputation (Surg.), an amputation for injury
performed as soon as the shock due to the injury has
passed away, and before symptoms of inflammation
supervene.
Primary axis (Bot.), the main stalk which bears a whole
cluster of flowers.
Primary colors. See under Color.
Primary meeting, a meeting of citizens at which the first
steps are taken towards the nomination of candidates, etc.
See Caucus.
Primary pinna (Bot.), one of those portions of a compound
leaf or frond which branch off directly from the main
rhachis or stem, whether simple or compounded.
Primary planets. (Astron.) See the Note under Planet.
Primary qualities of bodies, such are essential to and
inseparable from them.
Primary quills (Zool.), the largest feathers of the wing of
a bird; primaries.
Primary rocks (Geol.), a term early used for rocks supposed
to have been first formed, being crystalline and
containing no organic remains, as granite, gneiss, etc.;
-- called also primitive rocks. The terms Secondary,
Tertiary, and Quaternary rocks have also been used in like
manner, but of these the last two only are now in use.
Primary salt (Chem.), a salt derived from a polybasic acid
in which only one acid hydrogen atom has been replaced by
a base or basic radical.
Primary syphilis (Med.), the initial stage of syphilis,
including the period from the development of the original
lesion or chancre to the first manifestation of symptoms
indicative of general constitutional infection.
Primary union (Surg.), union without suppuration; union by
the first intention.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2SO3H2
(gcide) | Methionic \Meth`i*on"ic\, a. [Methyl + thionic.] (Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphonic (thionic) acid
derivative of methane, obtained as a stable white crystalline
substance, CH2.(SO3H)2, which forms well defined salts.
[1913 Webster] |
CH32CHCH2CHNH2-COOH
(gcide) | Leucine \Leu"cine\ (l[=oo]"s[=e]n), Leucin
\Leu"cin\(l[=u]"s[i^]n), n. [Gr. leyko`s white.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
a naturally occurring alpha-amino acid
((CH3)2CH.CH2.CH(NH2)-COOH), one of the building units of
almost all proteins of living organisms, both animal and
vegetable. It is one of the essential amino acids (not
synthesized by the human body, a required component for
proper nutrition), and is hydrophobic in character when bound
in proteins. In isolated form it is a white, crystalline,
zwitterionic substance formed, e. g. by the decomposition of
proteins by pancreatic digestion, by the action of boiling
dilute mineral acid, or by putrefaction. Chemically it is to
be considered as amido-caproic acid. It occurs as two optical
isomers, the L- and D-forms. The L-form, L-leucine, is the
natural form, present in most proteins.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
CH33NCH2CH2OCOCH3OH-
(gcide) | acetylcholine \acetylcholine\ n.
1. a neurotransmitter released by the transmitting dendron at
autononmous synapses and at neuromuscular junctions. It is
a quaternary amine with an obligatory negative counterion.
The nominal formula for the hydroxide form is C7H17NO3.
Structural formula (CH3)3N(+)CH2CH2.O.CO.CH3.OH(-).
Note: Acetylcholine is the first recognized and best-studied
of the neurotransmitters. At receptors it is recycled
into choline by the action of acetylcholinesterase.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors therefore function as
nerve poisons. For biochemical studies it is prepared
typically in the chloride or bromide forms.
[WordNet 1.5 +PJC] |
CH3CH210COOH
(gcide) | Lauric acid \Lauric acid\ (Chem.),
a white, crystalline substance, CH3.(CH2)10.COOH,
resembling palmitic acid, and obtained from the fruit of the
bay tree, and various other vegetable sources. The sodium
salt (sodium lauryl sulfate) is used as a detergent.
Syn: dodecanoic acid, laurostearic acid, dodecoic acid.
[1913 Webster + PJC] |
CH3CH25CHOHCH2CHCHCH27COOH
(gcide) | ricinoleic acid \ric`in*o"le*ic ac"id\, n. (Chem.)
An organic acid (C18H34O3) obtained from the castor-oil
plant (Ricinus communis, or Palma Christi) and other
species of the family Euphorbiaceae; chemicaly it is
d-12-hydroxyoleic acid
(CH3(CH2)5.CH(OH).CH2.CH=CH.(CH2)7COOH). Formerly called
palmic acid.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
CH3CH2CH
(gcide) | Propidene \Pro"pi*dene\, n. [Propyl + ethylidene.] (Chem.)
The unsymmetrical hypothetical hydrocarbon radical,
CH3.CH2.CH, analogous to ethylidene, and regarded as the
type of certain derivatives of propane; -- called also
propylidene.
[1913 Webster] |
CH3CH2NH2
(gcide) | Isomer \I"so*mer\ ([imac]"s[-o]*m[~e]r), n. [See Isomeric.]
(Chem.)
A compound which is isomeric with another body or compound; a
compound having the same chemical composition as another
compound; a member of an isomeric series.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Note: An isomer may be a structural isomer, in which some
of the atoms are bonded to different atoms (as in
CH3.CH2.NH2 and CH3.NH.CH3), or an {optical
isomer}, in which the number and types of chemical
bonds are identical, but the arrangement of the atoms
in three-dimensional space is different; the latter are
also called stereoisomers.
[PJC] |
CH3-CH2-OH
(gcide) | molecular formula \mo*lec"u*lar form"u*la\, n. (Chem.)
An expression representing the composition of elements in a
chemical substance, commonly consisting of a series of
letters and numbers comprising the atomic symbols of each
element present in a compound followed by the number of atoms
of that element present in one molecule of the substance.
Thus the molecular formula for common alcohol (ethyl alcohol)
is C2H6O, meaning that each molecule contains two carbon
atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom. The molecular
formula may be written to provide some indication of the
actual structure of the molecule, in which case structural
units may be written separately. Thus, ethyl alcohol can also
be written as CH3.CH2.OH or CH3-CH2-OH, in which the
period or dash between functional groups indicates a single
bond between the principle atoms of each group. This formula
shows that in ethyl alcohol, the carbon of a methyl group
(CH3-) is attached to the carbon of a methylene group
(-CH2-), which is attached to the oxygen of a hydroxyl
group (-OH). A structural formula is a graphical
depiction of the relative positions of atoms in a molecule,
and may be very complicated.
[PJC]Alcohol \Al"co*hol\ ([a^]l"k[-o]*h[o^]l), n. [Cf. F. alcool,
formerly written alcohol, Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony,
galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. Ar. al-kohl a powder of
antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was
afterwards applied, on account of the fineness of this
powder, to highly rectified spirits, a signification unknown
in Arabia. The Sp. word has both meanings. Cf. Alquifou.]
1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation.
[Obs.] --Boyle.
[1913 Webster]
3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit
(called also ethyl alcohol or ethanol, CH3.CH2.OH);
the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or
distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it
in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple
distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions
of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous
fermentation.
Note: [The ferementation is usually carried out by addition
of brewer's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae to an
aqueous solution containing carbohydrates.]
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Note: As used in the U. S. "Pharmacop[oe]ia," alcohol
contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9
per cent of water; and diluted alcohol (proof spirit)
contains 45.5 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and
54.5 per cent of water.
[1913 Webster]
4. (Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic
alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are
hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical
ethyl forms common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5.OH); methyl
forms methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood alcohol; amyl
forms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.
[1913 Webster] |
CH3CH2OH
(gcide) | molecular formula \mo*lec"u*lar form"u*la\, n. (Chem.)
An expression representing the composition of elements in a
chemical substance, commonly consisting of a series of
letters and numbers comprising the atomic symbols of each
element present in a compound followed by the number of atoms
of that element present in one molecule of the substance.
Thus the molecular formula for common alcohol (ethyl alcohol)
is C2H6O, meaning that each molecule contains two carbon
atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom. The molecular
formula may be written to provide some indication of the
actual structure of the molecule, in which case structural
units may be written separately. Thus, ethyl alcohol can also
be written as CH3.CH2.OH or CH3-CH2-OH, in which the
period or dash between functional groups indicates a single
bond between the principle atoms of each group. This formula
shows that in ethyl alcohol, the carbon of a methyl group
(CH3-) is attached to the carbon of a methylene group
(-CH2-), which is attached to the oxygen of a hydroxyl
group (-OH). A structural formula is a graphical
depiction of the relative positions of atoms in a molecule,
and may be very complicated.
[PJC]Alcohol \Al"co*hol\ ([a^]l"k[-o]*h[o^]l), n. [Cf. F. alcool,
formerly written alcohol, Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony,
galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. Ar. al-kohl a powder of
antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was
afterwards applied, on account of the fineness of this
powder, to highly rectified spirits, a signification unknown
in Arabia. The Sp. word has both meanings. Cf. Alquifou.]
1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation.
[Obs.] --Boyle.
[1913 Webster]
3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit
(called also ethyl alcohol or ethanol, CH3.CH2.OH);
the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or
distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it
in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple
distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions
of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous
fermentation.
Note: [The ferementation is usually carried out by addition
of brewer's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae to an
aqueous solution containing carbohydrates.]
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Note: As used in the U. S. "Pharmacop[oe]ia," alcohol
contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9
per cent of water; and diluted alcohol (proof spirit)
contains 45.5 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and
54.5 per cent of water.
[1913 Webster]
4. (Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic
alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are
hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical
ethyl forms common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5.OH); methyl
forms methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood alcohol; amyl
forms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.
[1913 Webster] |
CH3OC6H4CH2-
(gcide) | Anisyl \An"i*syl\, n. (Org. Chem.)
(a) The univalent radical, CH3.O.C6H4-, of which anisol is
the hydride.
(b) The univalent radical CH3.O.C6H4.CH2-; as, anisyl
alcohol.
(c) The univalent radical CH3.O.C6H4.CO-, of anisic acid.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.] |
COCH2
(gcide) | Glycolyl \Gly"co*lyl\, n. [Glycolic + -yl.] (Chem.)
A divalent, compound radical, CO.CH2, regarded as the
essential radical of glycolic acid, and a large series of
related compounds.
[1913 Webster] |
H2NC6H4COOCH23NC4H92
(gcide) | butacaine \butacaine\ n.
a white crystalline ester (C18H30N2O2) that is applied to
mucous membranes as a topical anesthetic. Chemically it is
3-(di-n-butylamino)-1-propanol 4-aminobenzoate
(H2N.C6H4.CO.O.(CH2)3N(C4H9)2). It is usually used as the
sulfate salt.
Syn: butacaine sulfate.
[WordNet 1.5 +PJC] |
H2NCH25NH2
(gcide) | Cadaverine \Ca*dav"er*ine\, n. Also Cadaverin \Ca*dav"er*in\ .
[From Cadaver and amine.] (Chem.)
A sirupy, nontoxic ptomaine, H2N.(CH2)5.NH2 (chemically
pentamethylene diamine), formed in putrefaction of flesh,
etc.
[Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC] |
HOCH2CHNH2COOH
(gcide) | Serine \Ser"ine\ (s[e^]r"[=e]n; s[e^]r"[i^]n; also, less
correctly, s[=e]r"[=e]n), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Chem.)
one of the natural L-amino acids, obtainable as a white
crystalline nitrogenous substance by the action of dilute
sulphuric acid on silk gelatin. It is found in many proteins,
and, having a free primary hydroxyl group on the side chain,
is involved in the catalytic action at the active site of
some enzymes, such as proteases. The IUPAC abbreviation for
serine in protein sequences is Ser. Chemically it is
2-amino-3-hydroxy-propanoic acid (C3H7NO3),
HO.CH2.CH(NH2).COOH.
[1913 Webster +PJC] Serio-comic |
HOCH2CHOH4CH2OH
(gcide) | mannitol \man"ni*tol\, n. [Mannite + -ol.]
1. (Chem.) A white crystalline hexose
(HO.CH2.(CHOH)4.CH2.OH) of a sweet taste obtained from a
so-called manna, the dried sap of the flowering ash
(Fraxinus ornus); -- called also mannite, and {hydroxy
hexane}. Cf. Dulcite. It is used in pharmacy as
excipient and diluent for solids and liquids. It is also
used as a food additive for anti-caking properties, or as
a sweetener, and, illegally, to "cut" (dilute) illegal
drugs such as cocaine or heroin.
Syn: D-mannitol; manna sugar; cordycepic acid; Diosmol;
Mannicol; Mannidex; Osmiktrol; Osmosal.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
HOCH2CO2H
(gcide) | Glycolic \Gly*col"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, glycol; as, glycolic ether;
glycolic acid.
[1913 Webster]
Glycolic acid (Chem.), an organic acid, found naturally in
unripe grapes and in the leaves of the wild grape
(Ampelopsis quinquefolia), and produced artificially in
many ways, as by the oxidation of glycol, -- whence its
name. It is a sirupy, or white crystalline, substance,
HO.CH2.CO2H, has the properties both of an alcohol and
an acid, and is a type of the hydroxy acids; -- called
also hydroxyacetic acid.
[1913 Webster] |
HOCOCH24COOH
(gcide) | adipic acid \adipic acid\
an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (HO.CO.(CH2)4.CO.OH),
containing six carbon atoms in a linear chain. It is found in
beet juice. It is used in the manufacture of synthetic
plastics such as Nylon, as well as other products.
[PJC] |
HOCOCH2CHOHCOOH
(gcide) | Malic \Ma"lic\, a. [L. malum an apple: cf. F. malique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or obtained from, apples; as, malic acid.
[1913 Webster]
Malic acid, (Chem.) a hydroxy acid
(HO.CO.CH2.CH(OH).CO.OH) obtained from unripe fruit
(such as green apples, currants, tomatoes or cherries) as
a substance which is sirupy or crystallized with
difficulty, and has a strong but pleasant sour taste. It
is levorotatory or dextrorotatory according to the
temperature and concentration; the natural form is of L-
conformation. A synthetic variety is a derivative of
succinic acid, but as with most simple synthetic
compounds, is a racemic mixture of isomers and thus has no
rotatory action on polarized light.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
HOCOCOCH2COOH
(gcide) | oxalacetic acid \oxalacetic acid\ n. (Chem.)
A dicarboxylic acid (HO.CO.CO.CH2.CO.OH).
[WordNet 1.5] |
RCH2OH
(gcide) | Secondary \Sec"ond*a*ry\, a. [Cf. F. secondaire, L. secundaire.
See Second, a.]
1. Succeeding next in order to the first; of second place,
origin, rank, etc.; not primary; subordinate; not of the
first order or rate.
[1913 Webster]
Wheresoever there is moral right on the one hand, no
secondary right can discharge it. --L'Estrange.
[1913 Webster]
Two are the radical differences; the secondary
differences are as four. --Bacon.
[1913 Webster]
2. Acting by deputation or delegated authority; as, the work
of secondary hands.
[1913 Webster]
3. (Chem.) Possessing some quality, or having been subject to
some operation (as substitution), in the second degree;
as, a secondary salt, a secondary amine, etc. Cf.
primary.
[1913 Webster]
Note: A primary amine has the general formula R.NH2; a
secondary amine has the general formula R.NH.R',
where R and R' are alkyl or aryl groups. A primary
alcohol has the general formula R.CH2.OH; a secondary
alcohol has the general formula R.CHOH.R'. Tertiary
amines and alcohols have the general formulas
R.CR'N.R' and R.CR'OH.R', respectively.
[PJC]
4. (Min.) Subsequent in origin; -- said of minerals produced
by alteration or deposition subsequent to the formation of
the original rock mass; also of characters of minerals (as
secondary cleavage, etc.) developed by pressure or other
causes.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Zool.) Pertaining to the second joint of the wing of a
bird.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Med.)
(a) Dependent or consequent upon another disease; as,
Bright's disease is often secondary to scarlet fever.
(b) Occurring in the second stage of a disease; as, the
secondary symptoms of syphilis.
[1913 Webster]
Secondary accent. See the Note under Accent, n., 1.
Secondary age. (Geol.) The Mesozoic age, or age before the
Tertiary. See Mesozoic, and Note under Age, n., 8.
Secondary alcohol (Chem.), any one of a series of alcohols
which contain the radical CH.OH united with two
hydrocarbon radicals. On oxidation the secondary alcohols
form ketones.
Secondary amputation (Surg.), an amputation for injury,
performed after the constitutional effects of the injury
have subsided.
Secondary axis (Opt.), any line which passes through the
optical center of a lens but not through the centers of
curvature, or, in the case of a mirror, which passes
through the center of curvature but not through the center
of the mirror.
Secondary battery. (Elec.) See under Battery, n., 4.
Secondary circle (Geom. & Astron.), a great circle that
passes through the poles of another great circle and is
therefore perpendicular to its plane.
Secondary circuit, Secondary coil (Elec.), a circuit or
coil in which a current is produced by the induction of a
current in a neighboring circuit or coil called the
primary circuit or coil.
Secondary color, a color formed by mixing any two primary
colors in equal proportions.
Secondary coverts (Zool.), the longer coverts which overlie
the basal part of the secondary quills of a bird. See
Illust. under Bird.
Secondary crystal (Min.), a crystal derived from one of the
primary forms.
Secondary current (Elec.), a momentary current induced in a
closed circuit by a current of electricity passing through
the same or a contiguous circuit at the beginning and also
at the end of the passage of the primary current.
Secondary evidence, that which is admitted upon failure to
obtain the primary or best evidence.
Secondary fever (Med.), a fever coming on in a disease
after the subsidence of the fever with which the disease
began, as the fever which attends the outbreak of the
eruption in smallpox.
Secondary hemorrhage (Med.), hemorrhage occuring from a
wounded blood vessel at some considerable time after the
original bleeding has ceased.
Secondary planet. (Astron.) See the Note under Planet.
Secondary qualities, those qualities of bodies which are
not inseparable from them as such, but are dependent for
their development and intensity on the organism of the
percipient, such as color, taste, odor, etc.
Secondary quills or Secondary remiges (Zool.), the quill
feathers arising from the forearm of a bird and forming a
row continuous with the primaries; -- called also
secondaries. See Illust. of Bird.
Secondary rocks or Secondary strata (Geol.), those lying
between the Primary, or Paleozoic, and Tertiary (see
Primary rocks, under Primary); -- later restricted to
strata of the Mesozoic age, and at present but little
used.
Secondary syphilis (Med.), the second stage of syphilis,
including the period from the first development of
constitutional symptoms to the time when the bones and the
internal organs become involved.
Secondary tint, any subdued tint, as gray.
Secondary union (Surg.), the union of wounds after
suppuration; union by the second intention.
[1913 Webster]
Syn: Second; second-rate; subordinate; inferior.
[1913 Webster] |
ROCH2CHOR'CH2OPO2OCH2CH2NH2
(gcide) | cephalin \ceph"a*lin\ (k[e^]f"[.a]*l[i^]n), n. [Gr. kefalh` the
head; it was supposed by Thudichum to exist in brain tissue.]
(Physiol. Chem.)
One of a group of phospholipids (nitrogenous phosphorized
fatty substances), present in all living cells and
particularly evident in nervous tissue. The cephalins consist
of glycerol phosphate in which the two free hydroxyls of the
glycerol are esterified with fatty acids, and the phosphate
forms an ester linkage to the hydroxyl of ethanolamine. The
phosphate may be linked to the alpha (end) or beta (middle)
hydroxyl of the glycerol portion. The natural isomers are of
the alpha form, and have the general formula
R.O.CH2.CHOR'.CH2.O.PO2.O.CH2.CH2.NH2, where R and R' are
the acyl residues of long-chain fatty acids, which may be the
same or different. [Also spelled kephalin.]
Syn: phosphatidylethanolamine. [PJC] |
|