| slovo | definícia |
-COOH
(gcide) | carboxyl group \car*box"yl group`\ (k[aum]r*b[o^]ks"[i^]l
gr[=oo]p), n. (Chem.)
a monovalent organic radical (written -COOH, -CO2H or
-CO.OH) whose presence confers acidic properties on the
compound containing it; -- called also carboxylic group.
Monocarboxylic acids (such as acetic acid or butyric acid)
have one carboxyl group, dicarboxylic acids (such as oxalic
acid or malonic acid) have two, tricarboxylic acids (such as
citric acid) have three. It is weakly acidic, the pKa of
acetic acid being 4.75.
[PJC] |
-COOH
(gcide) | carboxylic \car`box*yl"ic\ (k[aum]r`b[o^]ks*[i^]l"[i^]k), adj.
(Chem.)
of or pertaining to the carboxyl group; having a carboxyl
group (written -COOH, -CO2H or -CO.OH); as, carboxylic
acids are weakly acidic.
Syn: carboxyl.
[WordNet 1.5] |
COOH
(gcide) | Carboxyl \Car*box"yl\ (k[aum]r*b[o^]ks"[i^]l), n. [Carbon +
oxygen + -yl.] (Chem.)
The complex radical, CO.OH, regarded as the essential and
characteristic constituent which all oxygen acids of carbon
(as formic, acetic, benzoic acids, etc.) have in common; --
called also oxatyl.
[1913 Webster] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
C10H7COOH
(gcide) | Naphthoic \Naph*tho"ic\, a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, naphthalene; --
used to designate any one of a series of carboxyl
derivatives, called naphthoic acids of the general formula
C10H7.COOH, such as 1-naphthoic acid.
[1913 Webster] |
C6H13COOH
(gcide) | oenanthic \oe*nan"thic\, a. [Gr. ? the first shoot of the vine,
the vine blossom, the vine; o'i`nh the vine + ? bloom,
'a`nqos flower.] (Chem.)
Having, or imparting, the odor characteristic of the bouquet
of wine; specifically used, formerly, to designate an acid
(oenanthic acid) whose ethereal salts were supposed to
occasion the peculiar bouquet, or aroma, of old wine. Cf.
oenanthylic.
[1913 Webster]
oenanthic acid, oenanthic acid (Chem.), an acid
(C6H13.CO.OH) obtained from [oe]nanthic ether by the
action of alkalies; called also n-heptanoic acid,
1-heptanecarboxylic acid, enanthic acid, {enanthylic
acid} and oenanthylic acid. It has the odor of sour
sweat. It has the CAS registry number 111-14-8.
oenanthic ether, an ethereal substance (not to be confused
with the bouquet, or aroma, of wine) found in wine lees,
and consisting of a complex mixture of the ethereal salts
of several of the higher acids of the acetic acid series.
It has an ethereal odor, and it used in flavoring
artificial wines and liquors. Called also oil of wine.
See Essential oil, under Essential.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
C6H5CHOHCOOH
(gcide) | amygdalic \am`yg*dal"ic\ ([.a]m`[i^]g*d[.a]l"[i^]k [a^]s"[i^]d),
n. (Chem.)
An organic acid (C6H5.CH(OH).COOH) extracted from bitter
almonds; called also mandelic acid and
[alpha]-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid.
[PJC] |
C9H19COOH
(gcide) | Capric \Cap"ric\, a. [L. caper goat.] (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to capric acid or its derivatives.
[1913 Webster]
Capric acid (also called decanoic acid), C9H19.CO.OH,
Caprylic acid (also called octanoic acid), C7H15.CO2.H,
and Caproic acid (also called hexanoic acid),
C5H11.CO2.H, are fatty acids occurring in small
quantities in butter, cocoanut oil, etc., united with
glycerin; they are colorless oils, or white crystalline
solids, of an unpleasant odor like that of goats or sweat.
[1913 Webster] |
CH2CCOOHCH2COOH
(gcide) | itaconic acid \it`a*con"ic ac"id\, n. (Chem.)
The unsaturated dicarboxylic acid CH2=C(COOH)CH2.COOH, also
called methylenesuccynic acid and {propylene dicarboxylic
acid}.
[PJC] |
CH32CHCH2CHNH2-COOH
(gcide) | Leucine \Leu"cine\ (l[=oo]"s[=e]n), Leucin
\Leu"cin\(l[=u]"s[i^]n), n. [Gr. leyko`s white.] (Physiol.
Chem.)
a naturally occurring alpha-amino acid
((CH3)2CH.CH2.CH(NH2)-COOH), one of the building units of
almost all proteins of living organisms, both animal and
vegetable. It is one of the essential amino acids (not
synthesized by the human body, a required component for
proper nutrition), and is hydrophobic in character when bound
in proteins. In isolated form it is a white, crystalline,
zwitterionic substance formed, e. g. by the decomposition of
proteins by pancreatic digestion, by the action of boiling
dilute mineral acid, or by putrefaction. Chemically it is to
be considered as amido-caproic acid. It occurs as two optical
isomers, the L- and D-forms. The L-form, L-leucine, is the
natural form, present in most proteins.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
CH3CH210COOH
(gcide) | Lauric acid \Lauric acid\ (Chem.),
a white, crystalline substance, CH3.(CH2)10.COOH,
resembling palmitic acid, and obtained from the fruit of the
bay tree, and various other vegetable sources. The sodium
salt (sodium lauryl sulfate) is used as a detergent.
Syn: dodecanoic acid, laurostearic acid, dodecoic acid.
[1913 Webster + PJC] |
CH3CH25CHOHCH2CHCHCH27COOH
(gcide) | ricinoleic acid \ric`in*o"le*ic ac"id\, n. (Chem.)
An organic acid (C18H34O3) obtained from the castor-oil
plant (Ricinus communis, or Palma Christi) and other
species of the family Euphorbiaceae; chemicaly it is
d-12-hydroxyoleic acid
(CH3(CH2)5.CH(OH).CH2.CH=CH.(CH2)7COOH). Formerly called
palmic acid.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
CH3COOC6H4COOH
(gcide) | Aspirin \As"pi*rin\, n. (Pharm.)
A white crystalline compound, acetyl salicylic acid
(CH3.CO.O.C6H4.CO.OH) widely used as a drug for relief of
pain and alleviation of fever. It has analgesic, antipyretic,
and antiinflammatory properties, and is one of a class of
agents called non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
The name was originally a trade name, but has become the
preferred name for the substance. It is actually a prodrug,
liberating salicylic acid, the ultimate pharmacologically
active agent, in the intestines. It is more effective when
taken orally than is salicylic acid, because it dissolves
more readily.
Syn: 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid
[Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC] |
CH3COOH
(gcide) | Formula \For"mu*la\, n.; pl. E. Formulas, L. Formul[ae].
[L., dim. of forma form, model. SeeForm, n.]
1. A prescribed or set form; an established rule; a fixed or
conventional method in which anything is to be done,
arranged, or said.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Eccl.) A written confession of faith; a formal statement
of foctrines.
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3. (Math.) A rule or principle expressed in algebraic
language; as, the binominal formula.
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4. (Med.) A prescription or recipe for the preparation of a
medicinal compound.
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5. (Chem.) A symbolic expression (by means of letters,
figures, etc.) of the constituents or constitution of a
compound.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Chemical formul[ae] consist of the abbreviations of the
names of the elements, with a small figure at the lower
right hand, to denote the number of atoms of each
element contained.
[1913 Webster]
Empirical formula (Chem.), an expression which gives the
simple proportion of the constituents; as, the empirical
formula of acetic acid is C2H4O2.
Graphic formula, Rational formula (Chem.), an expression
of the constitution, and in a limited sense of the
structure, of a compound, by the grouping of its atoms or
radicals; as, a rational formula of acetic acid is
CH3.(C:O).OH; -- called also structural formula,
constitutional formula, etc. See also the formula of
Benzene nucleus, under Benzene.
Molecular formula (Chem.), a formula indicating the
supposed molecular constitution of a compound.
[1913 Webster] |
COOH
(gcide) | carboxyl group \car*box"yl group`\ (k[aum]r*b[o^]ks"[i^]l
gr[=oo]p), n. (Chem.)
a monovalent organic radical (written -COOH, -CO2H or
-CO.OH) whose presence confers acidic properties on the
compound containing it; -- called also carboxylic group.
Monocarboxylic acids (such as acetic acid or butyric acid)
have one carboxyl group, dicarboxylic acids (such as oxalic
acid or malonic acid) have two, tricarboxylic acids (such as
citric acid) have three. It is weakly acidic, the pKa of
acetic acid being 4.75.
[PJC]carboxylic \car`box*yl"ic\ (k[aum]r`b[o^]ks*[i^]l"[i^]k), adj.
(Chem.)
of or pertaining to the carboxyl group; having a carboxyl
group (written -COOH, -CO2H or -CO.OH); as, carboxylic
acids are weakly acidic.
Syn: carboxyl.
[WordNet 1.5]Carboxyl \Car*box"yl\ (k[aum]r*b[o^]ks"[i^]l), n. [Carbon +
oxygen + -yl.] (Chem.)
The complex radical, CO.OH, regarded as the essential and
characteristic constituent which all oxygen acids of carbon
(as formic, acetic, benzoic acids, etc.) have in common; --
called also oxatyl.
[1913 Webster] |
HCOOH
(gcide) | Formic \For"mic\, a. [L. formica an ant: cf. F. formique.]
(Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, ants; as, formic acid; in an
extended sense, pertaining to, or derived from, formic acid;
as, formic ether.
[1913 Webster]
Amido formic acid, carbamic acid.
Formic acid, a colorless, mobile liquid, HCO.OH, of a
sharp, acid taste, occurring naturally in ants, nettles,
pine needles, etc., and produced artifically in many ways,
as by the oxidation of methyl alcohol, by the reduction of
carbonic acid or the destructive distillation of oxalic
acid. It is the first member of the fatty acids in the
paraffin series, and is homologous with acetic acid.
[1913 Webster] |
HOCH2CHNH2COOH
(gcide) | Serine \Ser"ine\ (s[e^]r"[=e]n; s[e^]r"[i^]n; also, less
correctly, s[=e]r"[=e]n), n. [L. sericus silken.] (Chem.)
one of the natural L-amino acids, obtainable as a white
crystalline nitrogenous substance by the action of dilute
sulphuric acid on silk gelatin. It is found in many proteins,
and, having a free primary hydroxyl group on the side chain,
is involved in the catalytic action at the active site of
some enzymes, such as proteases. The IUPAC abbreviation for
serine in protein sequences is Ser. Chemically it is
2-amino-3-hydroxy-propanoic acid (C3H7NO3),
HO.CH2.CH(NH2).COOH.
[1913 Webster +PJC] Serio-comic |
HOCOCH24COOH
(gcide) | adipic acid \adipic acid\
an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (HO.CO.(CH2)4.CO.OH),
containing six carbon atoms in a linear chain. It is found in
beet juice. It is used in the manufacture of synthetic
plastics such as Nylon, as well as other products.
[PJC] |
HOCOCH2CHOHCOOH
(gcide) | Malic \Ma"lic\, a. [L. malum an apple: cf. F. malique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or obtained from, apples; as, malic acid.
[1913 Webster]
Malic acid, (Chem.) a hydroxy acid
(HO.CO.CH2.CH(OH).CO.OH) obtained from unripe fruit
(such as green apples, currants, tomatoes or cherries) as
a substance which is sirupy or crystallized with
difficulty, and has a strong but pleasant sour taste. It
is levorotatory or dextrorotatory according to the
temperature and concentration; the natural form is of L-
conformation. A synthetic variety is a derivative of
succinic acid, but as with most simple synthetic
compounds, is a racemic mixture of isomers and thus has no
rotatory action on polarized light.
[1913 Webster +PJC] |
HOCOCHCHCOOH
(gcide) | maleic acid \maleic acid\ n. (Chem.)
An unsaturated dicarboxylic acid (HO.CO.CH=CH.CO.OH) of cis
conformation, having various uses in the manufacture of
artificial resins, the dyeing and finishing of wool, silk,
and cotton, and also combined with certain drugs to make
salts more soluble than the basic forms. The corresponding
isomer having trans conformation, is identical in chemical
formula, is called fumaric acid. --MI11
[PJC] |
HOCOCOCH2COOH
(gcide) | oxalacetic acid \oxalacetic acid\ n. (Chem.)
A dicarboxylic acid (HO.CO.CO.CH2.CO.OH).
[WordNet 1.5] |
HOCOCOOH
(gcide) | Oxalic \Ox*al"ic\, a. [From Oxalis: cf. F. oxalique.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, derived from, or contained in, sorrel, or
oxalis; specifically, designating an acid found in, and
characteristic of, oxalis, and also certain plant of the
Buckwheat family.
[1913 Webster]
Oxalic acid (Chem.), a dibasic acid (HO.CO.CO.OH),
existing combined in oxalis as an acid potassium oxalate,
and in many plant tissues as the calcium oxalate. It is
prepared on a large scale, by the action of fused caustic
soda or potash on sawdust, as a white crystalline
substance, which has a strong acid taste, and is poisonous
in large doses. It is used in dyeing, calico printing,
bleaching flax and straw, the preparation of formic acid,
and in salts of lemon for removing ink stains, mold, etc.
[1913 Webster] |
HOCOOH
(gcide) | Carbonic \Car*bon"ic\, a. [Cf. F. carbonique. See Carbon.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, carbon; as, carbonic
oxide.
[1913 Webster]
Carbonic acid (Chem.), an acid HO.CO.OH, not existing
separately, which, combined with positive or basic atoms
or radicals, forms carbonates. In common language the term
is very generally applied to a compound of carbon and
oxygen, CO2, more correctly called carbon dioxide. It
is a colorless, heavy, irrespirable gas, extinguishing
flame, and when breathed destroys life. It can be reduced
to a liquid and solid form by intense pressure. It is
produced in the fermentation of liquors, and by the
combustion and decomposition of organic substances, or
other substances containing carbon. It is formed in the
explosion of fire damp in mines, and is hence called
after damp; it is also know as choke damp, and
mephitic air. Water will absorb its own volume of it,
and more than this under pressure, and in this state
becomes the common soda water of the shops, and the
carbonated water of natural springs. Combined with lime it
constitutes limestone, or common marble and chalk. Plants
imbibe it for their nutrition and growth, the carbon being
retained and the oxygen given out.
Carbonic oxide (Chem.), a colorless gas, CO, of a light
odor, called more correctly carbon monoxide. It is
almost the only definitely known compound in which carbon
seems to be divalent. It is a product of the incomplete
combustion of carbon, and is an abundant constituent of
water gas. It is fatal to animal life, extinguishes
combustion, and burns with a pale blue flame, forming
carbon dioxide.
[1913 Webster] |
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