| | podobné slovo | definícia |
vilfredo pareto (1848-1923)
(czen) | Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923),Pareton: [jmén.] italský sociolog a
ekonom Petr Prášek |
C23H48
(gcide) | Trikosane \Tri"ko*sane\, n. [Pref. tri- + Gr. ? twenty.] (Chem.)
A hydrocarbon, C23H48, of the methane series, resembling
paraffin; -- so called because it has twenty-three atoms of
carbon in the molecule.
[1913 Webster] |
C32H48O9
(gcide) | Oleandrin \O`le*an"drin\, n. (Chem.)
One of several cardiac glycosides (C32H48O9) found in
oleander (Nerium oleander).
[PJC] |
48th
(wn) | 48th
adj 1: the ordinal number of forty-eight in counting order [syn:
forty-eighth, 48th] |
atomic number 48
(wn) | atomic number 48
n 1: a soft bluish-white ductile malleable toxic bivalent
metallic element; occurs in association with zinc ores
[syn: cadmium, Cd, atomic number 48] |
ru 486
(wn) | RU 486
n 1: an abortion-inducing drug (trade name RU_486) developed in
France; when taken during the first five weeks of pregnancy
it blocks the action of progesterone so that the uterus
sloughs off the embryo [syn: abortion pill,
mifepristone, RU 486] |
486
(foldoc) | Intel 486
486
486DX
80486
i486
Intel 80486
(Or "i486", "iAPX 80486", and "Intel DX4" but
usually just "486"). A range of Intel CISC
microprocessors which is part of the Intel 80x86 family of
processors.
The 486s are very similar to their immediate predecessor, the
Intel 80386DX. The main differences are that the 486 has an
optimised instruction set, has an on-chip unified
instruction and data cache, an optional on-chip
floating-point unit (FPU), and an enhanced {bus interface
unit}. These improvements yield a rough doubling in
performance over an Intel 80386 at the same clock rate.
There are several suffixes and variants including:
Intel 486SX - a 486DX with a faulty FPU that has been
disabled in the factory.
Intel 486DX - 486SX with a working FPU.
486DX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SL - 486DX with power conservation circuitry.
486SL-NM - 486SX with power conservation circuitry; SL
enhanced suffix, denotes a 486 with special power conservation
circuitry similar to that in the 486SL processors.
487 - 486DX with a slightly different pinout for use in 486SX
systems.
OverDrive - 486DX-2 with a slightly different pinout for use
in 486SX systems.
RapidCAD - 486DX in a special package with a companion FPU
dummy package for use in Intel 80386 systems.
Intel DX4, Cyrix Cy486SLC.
External clock rates include 16MHz, 20MHz, 25MHz, 33MHz,
40MHz, although 16Mhz is rare now, and the 20MHz processors
are often clock doubled.
The 486 processor has been licensed or reverse engineered by
other companies such as IBM, AMD, Cyrix, and {Chips &
Technologies}. Some are almost exact duplicates in
specications and performance, some aren't.
The successor to the 486 is the Pentium.
(1995-02-21)
|
486dx
(foldoc) | Intel 486
486
486DX
80486
i486
Intel 80486
(Or "i486", "iAPX 80486", and "Intel DX4" but
usually just "486"). A range of Intel CISC
microprocessors which is part of the Intel 80x86 family of
processors.
The 486s are very similar to their immediate predecessor, the
Intel 80386DX. The main differences are that the 486 has an
optimised instruction set, has an on-chip unified
instruction and data cache, an optional on-chip
floating-point unit (FPU), and an enhanced {bus interface
unit}. These improvements yield a rough doubling in
performance over an Intel 80386 at the same clock rate.
There are several suffixes and variants including:
Intel 486SX - a 486DX with a faulty FPU that has been
disabled in the factory.
Intel 486DX - 486SX with a working FPU.
486DX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SL - 486DX with power conservation circuitry.
486SL-NM - 486SX with power conservation circuitry; SL
enhanced suffix, denotes a 486 with special power conservation
circuitry similar to that in the 486SL processors.
487 - 486DX with a slightly different pinout for use in 486SX
systems.
OverDrive - 486DX-2 with a slightly different pinout for use
in 486SX systems.
RapidCAD - 486DX in a special package with a companion FPU
dummy package for use in Intel 80386 systems.
Intel DX4, Cyrix Cy486SLC.
External clock rates include 16MHz, 20MHz, 25MHz, 33MHz,
40MHz, although 16Mhz is rare now, and the 20MHz processors
are often clock doubled.
The 486 processor has been licensed or reverse engineered by
other companies such as IBM, AMD, Cyrix, and {Chips &
Technologies}. Some are almost exact duplicates in
specications and performance, some aren't.
The successor to the 486 is the Pentium.
(1995-02-21)
|
486sx
(foldoc) | Intel 486SX
486SX
An Intel 486DX microprocessor with its
floating-point unit disconnected. All 486SX chips were
fabricated with FPUs. If testing showed that the CPU was OK
but the FPU was defective, the FPU's power and bus connections
were destroyed with a laser and the chip was sold cheaper as
an SX, if the FPU worked it was sold as a DX.
[Was this true of all 486SX chips?]
Some systems, e.g. Aopen 486SX, allowed a DX to be plugged
into an expansion socket. A board jumper would disable the SX
which was hard to remove because it was surface mounted.
Some SX chips only had a 16-bit wide external data bus. The
DX has a pin to select the data bus width (16 or 32). On the
smaller SX, that line is hard-wired to 16 inside the
package. This is similar to the 286 SX, which was a 16-bit
processor with an 8-bit external data bus.
The Jargon File claimed that the SX was deliberately
disabled crippleware. The German computer magazine, "c't",
made this same theory the basis of an April Fools Joke.
They claimed that if one drilled a hole of a specified
diameter through the right point on a SX chip, this would
brake the circuit that disables the FPU. Some people actually
tried (and then bought themselves new processors).
(1997-02-14)
|
8048
(foldoc) | Intel 8048
8048
The microcontroller used in IBM PC keyboards.
The 8048 was inspired by, and similar to, the Fairchild F8
microprocessor but, being a microcontroller, was designed for
low cost and small size. The 8048 has a modified {Harvard
architecture}, with program ROM on chip and 64 to 256 bytes
of RAM also on chip. I/O is mapped in its own {address
space}.
Though the 8048 was eventually replaced by the very popular
but bizarre Intel 8051 and Intel 8052, even in 2000 it is
still very popular due to its low cost, wide availability, and
development tools.
[Was it really __the_first__ microcontroller? Are the ROM and
RAM both on-chip?]
(2000-06-01)
|
80486
(foldoc) | Intel 486
486
486DX
80486
i486
Intel 80486
(Or "i486", "iAPX 80486", and "Intel DX4" but
usually just "486"). A range of Intel CISC
microprocessors which is part of the Intel 80x86 family of
processors.
The 486s are very similar to their immediate predecessor, the
Intel 80386DX. The main differences are that the 486 has an
optimised instruction set, has an on-chip unified
instruction and data cache, an optional on-chip
floating-point unit (FPU), and an enhanced {bus interface
unit}. These improvements yield a rough doubling in
performance over an Intel 80386 at the same clock rate.
There are several suffixes and variants including:
Intel 486SX - a 486DX with a faulty FPU that has been
disabled in the factory.
Intel 486DX - 486SX with a working FPU.
486DX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SL - 486DX with power conservation circuitry.
486SL-NM - 486SX with power conservation circuitry; SL
enhanced suffix, denotes a 486 with special power conservation
circuitry similar to that in the 486SL processors.
487 - 486DX with a slightly different pinout for use in 486SX
systems.
OverDrive - 486DX-2 with a slightly different pinout for use
in 486SX systems.
RapidCAD - 486DX in a special package with a companion FPU
dummy package for use in Intel 80386 systems.
Intel DX4, Cyrix Cy486SLC.
External clock rates include 16MHz, 20MHz, 25MHz, 33MHz,
40MHz, although 16Mhz is rare now, and the 20MHz processors
are often clock doubled.
The 486 processor has been licensed or reverse engineered by
other companies such as IBM, AMD, Cyrix, and {Chips &
Technologies}. Some are almost exact duplicates in
specications and performance, some aren't.
The successor to the 486 is the Pentium.
(1995-02-21)
|
chip-48
(foldoc) | CHIP-48
A reimplementation of CHIP-8 for the HP-48 calculator by
Andreas Gustafson .
Posted to news:comp.sys.handhelds in Sep 1990.
(ftp://vega.hut.fi/pub/misc/hp48sx/asap).
(1994-12-02)
|
cy486slc
(foldoc) | Cy486SLC
A version of the Intel 486 made by Cyrix. It has a
486SX instruction set, a 1 kilobyte cache, and an {Intel
80386SX}-compatible pinout and thus, 16-bit data bus.
(1994-11-30)
|
eia-485
(foldoc) | EIA-485
RS-485
(Formerly "RS-485") An EIA
serial line standard which specifies 2-wire,
half-duplex, differential line, multi-point
communications. Maximum cable length is 1200m. Maximum data
rates are 10Mbps at 1.2m or 100Kbps at 1200m. EIA-485 can
implement a truly multi-point communications network, and
specifies up to 32 drivers and 32 receivers on a single
(2-wire) bus.
Differential SCSI uses EIA-485.
{Details on RS-232, 422, 423, and 485
(http://rs485.com/rs485spec.html)}.
(2003-04-18)
|
i486
(foldoc) | Intel 486
486
486DX
80486
i486
Intel 80486
(Or "i486", "iAPX 80486", and "Intel DX4" but
usually just "486"). A range of Intel CISC
microprocessors which is part of the Intel 80x86 family of
processors.
The 486s are very similar to their immediate predecessor, the
Intel 80386DX. The main differences are that the 486 has an
optimised instruction set, has an on-chip unified
instruction and data cache, an optional on-chip
floating-point unit (FPU), and an enhanced {bus interface
unit}. These improvements yield a rough doubling in
performance over an Intel 80386 at the same clock rate.
There are several suffixes and variants including:
Intel 486SX - a 486DX with a faulty FPU that has been
disabled in the factory.
Intel 486DX - 486SX with a working FPU.
486DX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SL - 486DX with power conservation circuitry.
486SL-NM - 486SX with power conservation circuitry; SL
enhanced suffix, denotes a 486 with special power conservation
circuitry similar to that in the 486SL processors.
487 - 486DX with a slightly different pinout for use in 486SX
systems.
OverDrive - 486DX-2 with a slightly different pinout for use
in 486SX systems.
RapidCAD - 486DX in a special package with a companion FPU
dummy package for use in Intel 80386 systems.
Intel DX4, Cyrix Cy486SLC.
External clock rates include 16MHz, 20MHz, 25MHz, 33MHz,
40MHz, although 16Mhz is rare now, and the 20MHz processors
are often clock doubled.
The 486 processor has been licensed or reverse engineered by
other companies such as IBM, AMD, Cyrix, and {Chips &
Technologies}. Some are almost exact duplicates in
specications and performance, some aren't.
The successor to the 486 is the Pentium.
(1995-02-21)
|
i487
(foldoc) | Intel 487SX
i487
A version of the Intel 486DX microprocessor
with an extra pin, for use in the coprocessor socket of an
Intel 486SX system. The 487SX provides the FPU which is
missing in the 486SX.
Although the 486SX is completely disabled when you install a
487SX, the 487SX design requires that you leave the 486SX in
your PC [why?], rather than use it elsewhere. Intel admits
that in some systems you can unplug the 486SX and fit a 487SX
in its place but they don't guarantee that it will always
work.
See Intel 486.
(1995-05-10)
|
ieee 488
(foldoc) | IEEE 488
GBIP
General Purpose Interface Bus
GPIB
Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus
HP-IB
(GPIB, General-Purpose Interface Bus,
HP-IB, Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus) An 8-bit parallel bus
common on test equipment.
The IEEE-488 standard was proposed by Hewlett-Packard in the
late 1970s and has undergone a couple of revisions. HP
documentation (including data sheets and manuals) calls it
HP-IB, or Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus.
It allows up to 15 intelligent devices to share a single bus,
with the slowest device participating in the control and data
transfer handshakes to drive the speed of the transaction.
The maximum data rate is about one megabit per second.
Other standards committees have adopted HP-IB (American
Standards Institute with ANSI Standard MC 1.1 and
International Electro-technical Commission with IEC
Publication 625-1).
To paraphrase from the HP 1989 Test & Measurement Catalog (the
50th Anniversary version): The HP-IB has a party-line
structure wherein all devices on the bus are connected in
parallel. The 16 signal lines within the passive
interconnecting HP-IB (IEEE-488) cable are grouped into three
clusters according to their functions (Data Bus, Data Byte
Transfer Control Bus, General Interface Management Bus).
In June 1987 the IEEE approved a new standard for programmable
instruments called IEEE Std. 488.2-1987 Codes, Formats,
Protocols, and Common Commands. It works with the IEEE
Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation,
IEEE 488-1978 (now 488.1). HP-IB is Hewlett-Packard's
implementation of IEEE 488.1.
(1996-05-10)
|
intel 486
(foldoc) | Intel 486
486
486DX
80486
i486
Intel 80486
(Or "i486", "iAPX 80486", and "Intel DX4" but
usually just "486"). A range of Intel CISC
microprocessors which is part of the Intel 80x86 family of
processors.
The 486s are very similar to their immediate predecessor, the
Intel 80386DX. The main differences are that the 486 has an
optimised instruction set, has an on-chip unified
instruction and data cache, an optional on-chip
floating-point unit (FPU), and an enhanced {bus interface
unit}. These improvements yield a rough doubling in
performance over an Intel 80386 at the same clock rate.
There are several suffixes and variants including:
Intel 486SX - a 486DX with a faulty FPU that has been
disabled in the factory.
Intel 486DX - 486SX with a working FPU.
486DX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SL - 486DX with power conservation circuitry.
486SL-NM - 486SX with power conservation circuitry; SL
enhanced suffix, denotes a 486 with special power conservation
circuitry similar to that in the 486SL processors.
487 - 486DX with a slightly different pinout for use in 486SX
systems.
OverDrive - 486DX-2 with a slightly different pinout for use
in 486SX systems.
RapidCAD - 486DX in a special package with a companion FPU
dummy package for use in Intel 80386 systems.
Intel DX4, Cyrix Cy486SLC.
External clock rates include 16MHz, 20MHz, 25MHz, 33MHz,
40MHz, although 16Mhz is rare now, and the 20MHz processors
are often clock doubled.
The 486 processor has been licensed or reverse engineered by
other companies such as IBM, AMD, Cyrix, and {Chips &
Technologies}. Some are almost exact duplicates in
specications and performance, some aren't.
The successor to the 486 is the Pentium.
(1995-02-21)
|
intel 486dx
(foldoc) | Intel 486DX
One of Intel's Intel 486 family of
microprocessors (one of the last before the Pentium). The
486DX has a working built-in floating point unit (FPU). The
Intel 486SX is effectively a DX with the FPU disabled. The
DX has a pin to select the external data bus width (16 or
32).
The Intel 487SX is a 486DX with a 486SX pinout.
(1995-05-09)
|
intel 486sx
(foldoc) | Intel 486SX
486SX
An Intel 486DX microprocessor with its
floating-point unit disconnected. All 486SX chips were
fabricated with FPUs. If testing showed that the CPU was OK
but the FPU was defective, the FPU's power and bus connections
were destroyed with a laser and the chip was sold cheaper as
an SX, if the FPU worked it was sold as a DX.
[Was this true of all 486SX chips?]
Some systems, e.g. Aopen 486SX, allowed a DX to be plugged
into an expansion socket. A board jumper would disable the SX
which was hard to remove because it was surface mounted.
Some SX chips only had a 16-bit wide external data bus. The
DX has a pin to select the data bus width (16 or 32). On the
smaller SX, that line is hard-wired to 16 inside the
package. This is similar to the 286 SX, which was a 16-bit
processor with an 8-bit external data bus.
The Jargon File claimed that the SX was deliberately
disabled crippleware. The German computer magazine, "c't",
made this same theory the basis of an April Fools Joke.
They claimed that if one drilled a hole of a specified
diameter through the right point on a SX chip, this would
brake the circuit that disables the FPU. Some people actually
tried (and then bought themselves new processors).
(1997-02-14)
|
intel 487sx
(foldoc) | Intel 487SX
i487
A version of the Intel 486DX microprocessor
with an extra pin, for use in the coprocessor socket of an
Intel 486SX system. The 487SX provides the FPU which is
missing in the 486SX.
Although the 486SX is completely disabled when you install a
487SX, the 487SX design requires that you leave the 486SX in
your PC [why?], rather than use it elsewhere. Intel admits
that in some systems you can unplug the 486SX and fit a 487SX
in its place but they don't guarantee that it will always
work.
See Intel 486.
(1995-05-10)
|
intel 8048
(foldoc) | Intel 8048
8048
The microcontroller used in IBM PC keyboards.
The 8048 was inspired by, and similar to, the Fairchild F8
microprocessor but, being a microcontroller, was designed for
low cost and small size. The 8048 has a modified {Harvard
architecture}, with program ROM on chip and 64 to 256 bytes
of RAM also on chip. I/O is mapped in its own {address
space}.
Though the 8048 was eventually replaced by the very popular
but bizarre Intel 8051 and Intel 8052, even in 2000 it is
still very popular due to its low cost, wide availability, and
development tools.
[Was it really __the_first__ microcontroller? Are the ROM and
RAM both on-chip?]
(2000-06-01)
|
intel 80486
(foldoc) | Intel 486
486
486DX
80486
i486
Intel 80486
(Or "i486", "iAPX 80486", and "Intel DX4" but
usually just "486"). A range of Intel CISC
microprocessors which is part of the Intel 80x86 family of
processors.
The 486s are very similar to their immediate predecessor, the
Intel 80386DX. The main differences are that the 486 has an
optimised instruction set, has an on-chip unified
instruction and data cache, an optional on-chip
floating-point unit (FPU), and an enhanced {bus interface
unit}. These improvements yield a rough doubling in
performance over an Intel 80386 at the same clock rate.
There are several suffixes and variants including:
Intel 486SX - a 486DX with a faulty FPU that has been
disabled in the factory.
Intel 486DX - 486SX with a working FPU.
486DX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SX-2 - runs at twice the external clock rate.
486SL - 486DX with power conservation circuitry.
486SL-NM - 486SX with power conservation circuitry; SL
enhanced suffix, denotes a 486 with special power conservation
circuitry similar to that in the 486SL processors.
487 - 486DX with a slightly different pinout for use in 486SX
systems.
OverDrive - 486DX-2 with a slightly different pinout for use
in 486SX systems.
RapidCAD - 486DX in a special package with a companion FPU
dummy package for use in Intel 80386 systems.
Intel DX4, Cyrix Cy486SLC.
External clock rates include 16MHz, 20MHz, 25MHz, 33MHz,
40MHz, although 16Mhz is rare now, and the 20MHz processors
are often clock doubled.
The 486 processor has been licensed or reverse engineered by
other companies such as IBM, AMD, Cyrix, and {Chips &
Technologies}. Some are almost exact duplicates in
specications and performance, some aren't.
The successor to the 486 is the Pentium.
(1995-02-21)
|
iso 8485
(foldoc) | A Programming Language
APL
ISO 8485
(APL) A programming language designed originally by
Ken Iverson at Harvard University in 1957-1960 as a notation
for the concise expression of mathematical algorithms. It
went unnamed (or just called Iverson's Language) and
unimplemented for many years. Finally a subset, APL\360, was
implemented in 1964.
APL is an interactive array-oriented language and programming
environment with many innovative features. It was originally
written using a non-standard character set. It is
dynamically typed with dynamic scope. APL introduced
several functional forms but is not purely functional.
Dyalog APL/W and Visual APL are recognized .NET languages.
Dyalog APL/W, APLX and APL2000 all offer object-oriented
extensions to the language.
ISO 8485 is the 1989 standard defining the language.
Commercial versions: APL SV, VS APL, Sharp APL, Sharp APL/PC,
APL*PLUS, APL*PLUS/PC, APL*PLUS/PC II, MCM APL, Honeyapple,
DEC APL, {APL+Win, APL+Linux, APL+Unix and VisualAPL
(http://www.apl2000.com/)}, {Dyalog APL
(http://www.dyalog.com/)}, {IBM APL2
(http://www-306.ibm.com/software/awdtools/apl/)}, {APLX
(http://www.microapl.co.uk/apl/)}, {Sharp APL
(http://www.soliton.com/services_sharp.html)}
Open source version: NARS2000 (http://www.nars2000.org/).
APL wiki (http://aplwiki.com/).
See also Kamin's interpreters.
APLWEB (http://www.microapl.co.uk/apl/) translates WEB to
APL.
["A Programming Language", Kenneth E. Iverson, Wiley, 1962].
["APL: An Interactive Approach", 1976].
(2009-08-11)
|
oc-48
(foldoc) | Optical Carrier 48
OC-48
(OC-48) A SONET rate of 48 * 51.84 = 2488.32
megabits per second.
[Matches STS-48]?
(1997-05-26)
|
optical carrier 48
(foldoc) | Optical Carrier 48
OC-48
(OC-48) A SONET rate of 48 * 51.84 = 2488.32
megabits per second.
[Matches STS-48]?
(1997-05-26)
|
rfc 1448
(foldoc) | RFC 1448
The RFC defining protocol operations
for SNMP v2.
(rfc:1448).
(1997-11-23)
|
rfc 2048
(foldoc) | RFC 2048
The RFC explaining
registration of MIME types.
(rfc:2048).
(1998-02-11)
|
rs-485
(foldoc) | EIA-485
RS-485
(Formerly "RS-485") An EIA
serial line standard which specifies 2-wire,
half-duplex, differential line, multi-point
communications. Maximum cable length is 1200m. Maximum data
rates are 10Mbps at 1.2m or 100Kbps at 1200m. EIA-485 can
implement a truly multi-point communications network, and
specifies up to 32 drivers and 32 receivers on a single
(2-wire) bus.
Differential SCSI uses EIA-485.
{Details on RS-232, 422, 423, and 485
(http://rs485.com/rs485spec.html)}.
(2003-04-18)
|
oc48
(vera) | OC48
Optical Carrier level 48 [2488,32 Mbps] (SONET, STM-16), "OC-48"
|
|