| slovo | definícia |
mathematics
(encz) | mathematics,matematika |
Mathematics
(gcide) | Mathematics \Math`e*mat"ics\, n. [F. math['e]matiques, pl., L.
mathematica, sing., Gr. ? (sc. ?) science. See Mathematic,
and -ics.]
That science, or class of sciences, which treats of the exact
relations existing between quantities or magnitudes, and of
the methods by which, in accordance with these relations,
quantities sought are deducible from other quantities known
or supposed; the science of spatial and quantitative
relations.
[1913 Webster]
Note: Mathematics embraces three departments, namely: 1.
Arithmetic. 2. Geometry, including Trigonometry
and Conic Sections. 3. Analysis, in which letters
are used, including Algebra, Analytical Geometry,
and Calculus. Each of these divisions is divided into
pure or abstract, which considers magnitude or quantity
abstractly, without relation to matter; and mixed or
applied, which treats of magnitude as subsisting in
material bodies, and is consequently interwoven with
physical considerations.
[1913 Webster] |
mathematics
(wn) | mathematics
n 1: a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the
logic of quantity and shape and arrangement [syn:
mathematics, math, maths] |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
actuarial mathematics
(encz) | actuarial mathematics,pojistná matematika |
applied mathematics
(encz) | applied mathematics,aplikovaná matematika |
department of mathematics
(encz) | department of mathematics, n: |
mathematics
(encz) | mathematics,matematika |
mathematics department
(encz) | mathematics department, n: |
mathematics teacher
(encz) | mathematics teacher, n: |
metamathematics
(encz) | metamathematics, n: |
pure mathematics
(encz) | pure mathematics, n: |
Abstract mathematics
(gcide) | Abstract \Ab"stract`\ (#; 277), a. [L. abstractus, p. p. of
abstrahere to draw from, separate; ab, abs + trahere to draw.
See Trace.]
1. Withdraw; separate. [Obs.]
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The more abstract . . . we are from the body.
--Norris.
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2. Considered apart from any application to a particular
object; separated from matter; existing in the mind only;
as, abstract truth, abstract numbers. Hence: ideal;
abstruse; difficult.
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3. (Logic)
(a) Expressing a particular property of an object viewed
apart from the other properties which constitute it;
-- opposed to concrete; as, honesty is an abstract
word. --J. S. Mill.
(b) Resulting from the mental faculty of abstraction;
general as opposed to particular; as, "reptile" is an
abstract or general name. --Locke.
[1913 Webster]
A concrete name is a name which stands for a
thing; an abstract name which stands for an
attribute of a thing. A practice has grown up in
more modern times, which, if not introduced by
Locke, has gained currency from his example, of
applying the expression "abstract name" to all
names which are the result of abstraction and
generalization, and consequently to all general
names, instead of confining it to the names of
attributes. --J. S. Mill.
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4. Abstracted; absent in mind. "Abstract, as in a trance."
--Milton.
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An abstract idea (Metaph.), an idea separated from a
complex object, or from other ideas which naturally
accompany it; as the solidity of marble when contemplated
apart from its color or figure.
Abstract terms, those which express abstract ideas, as
beauty, whiteness, roundness, without regarding any object
in which they exist; or abstract terms are the names of
orders, genera or species of things, in which there is a
combination of similar qualities.
Abstract numbers (Math.), numbers used without application
to things, as 6, 8, 10; but when applied to any thing, as
6 feet, 10 men, they become concrete.
Abstract mathematics or Pure mathematics. See
Mathematics.
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Applied mathematics
(gcide) | Apply \Ap*ply"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applied; p. pr. & vb. n.
Applying.] [OF. aplier, F. appliquer, fr. L. applicare to
join, fix, or attach to; ad + plicare to fold, to twist
together. See Applicant, Ply.]
1. To lay or place; to put or adjust (one thing to another);
-- with to; as, to apply the hand to the breast; to apply
medicaments to a diseased part of the body.
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He said, and the sword his throat applied. --Dryden.
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2. To put to use; to use or employ for a particular purpose,
or in a particular case; to appropriate; to devote; as, to
apply money to the payment of a debt.
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3. To make use of, declare, or pronounce, as suitable,
fitting, or relative; as, to apply the testimony to the
case; to apply an epithet to a person.
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Yet God at last
To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied. --Milton.
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4. To fix closely; to engage and employ diligently, or with
attention; to attach; to incline.
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Apply thine heart unto instruction. --Prov. xxiii.
12.
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5. To direct or address. [R.]
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Sacred vows . . . applied to grisly Pluto. --Pope.
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6. To betake; to address; to refer; -- used reflexively.
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I applied myself to him for help. --Johnson.
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7. To busy; to keep at work; to ply. [Obs.]
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She was skillful in applying his "humors." --Sir P.
Sidney.
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8. To visit. [Obs.]
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And he applied each place so fast. --Chapman.
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Applied chemistry. See under Chemistry.
Applied mathematics. See under Mathematics.
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Physico-mathematics
(gcide) | Physico-mathematics \Phys`i*co-math`e*mat"ics\, n. [Physico- +
mathematics.]
Mixed mathematics.
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Pure mathematics
(gcide) | Pure \Pure\, a. [Compar. Purer; superl. Purest.] [OE. pur,
F. pur, fr. L. purus; akin to putus pure, clear, putare to
clean, trim, prune, set in order, settle, reckon, consider,
think, Skr. p? to clean, and perh. E. fire. Cf. Putative.]
1. Separate from all heterogeneous or extraneous matter; free
from mixture or combination; clean; mere; simple; unmixed;
as, pure water; pure clay; pure air; pure compassion.
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The pure fetters on his shins great. --Chaucer.
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A guinea is pure gold if it has in it no alloy. --I.
Watts.
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2. Free from moral defilement or quilt; hence, innocent;
guileless; chaste; -- applied to persons. "Keep thyself
pure." --1 Tim. v. 22.
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Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a
pure heart, and of a good conscience. --1 Tim. i. 5.
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3. Free from that which harms, vitiates, weakens, or
pollutes; genuine; real; perfect; -- applied to things and
actions. "Pure religion and impartial laws." --Tickell.
"The pure, fine talk of Rome." --Ascham.
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Such was the origin of a friendship as warm and pure
as any that ancient or modern history records.
--Macaulay.
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4. (Script.) Ritually clean; fitted for holy services.
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Thou shalt set them in two rows, six on a row, upon
the pure table before the Lord. --Lev. xxiv.
6.
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5. (Phonetics) Of a single, simple sound or tone; -- said of
some vowels and the unaspirated consonants.
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Pure-impure, completely or totally impure. "The inhabitants
were pure-impure pagans." --Fuller.
Pure blue. (Chem.) See Methylene blue, under Methylene.
Pure chemistry. See under Chemistry.
Pure mathematics, that portion of mathematics which treats
of the principles of the science, or contradistinction to
applied mathematics, which treats of the application of
the principles to the investigation of other branches of
knowledge, or to the practical wants of life. See
Mathematics. --Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. )
Pure villenage (Feudal Law), a tenure of lands by uncertain
services at the will of the lord. --Blackstone.
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Syn: Unmixed; clear; simple; real; true; genuine;
unadulterated; uncorrupted; unsullied; untarnished;
unstained; stainless; clean; fair; unspotted; spotless;
incorrupt; chaste; unpolluted; undefiled; immaculate;
innocent; guiltless; guileless; holy.
[1913 Webster]Abstract \Ab"stract`\ (#; 277), a. [L. abstractus, p. p. of
abstrahere to draw from, separate; ab, abs + trahere to draw.
See Trace.]
1. Withdraw; separate. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
The more abstract . . . we are from the body.
--Norris.
[1913 Webster]
2. Considered apart from any application to a particular
object; separated from matter; existing in the mind only;
as, abstract truth, abstract numbers. Hence: ideal;
abstruse; difficult.
[1913 Webster]
3. (Logic)
(a) Expressing a particular property of an object viewed
apart from the other properties which constitute it;
-- opposed to concrete; as, honesty is an abstract
word. --J. S. Mill.
(b) Resulting from the mental faculty of abstraction;
general as opposed to particular; as, "reptile" is an
abstract or general name. --Locke.
[1913 Webster]
A concrete name is a name which stands for a
thing; an abstract name which stands for an
attribute of a thing. A practice has grown up in
more modern times, which, if not introduced by
Locke, has gained currency from his example, of
applying the expression "abstract name" to all
names which are the result of abstraction and
generalization, and consequently to all general
names, instead of confining it to the names of
attributes. --J. S. Mill.
[1913 Webster]
4. Abstracted; absent in mind. "Abstract, as in a trance."
--Milton.
[1913 Webster]
An abstract idea (Metaph.), an idea separated from a
complex object, or from other ideas which naturally
accompany it; as the solidity of marble when contemplated
apart from its color or figure.
Abstract terms, those which express abstract ideas, as
beauty, whiteness, roundness, without regarding any object
in which they exist; or abstract terms are the names of
orders, genera or species of things, in which there is a
combination of similar qualities.
Abstract numbers (Math.), numbers used without application
to things, as 6, 8, 10; but when applied to any thing, as
6 feet, 10 men, they become concrete.
Abstract mathematics or Pure mathematics. See
Mathematics.
[1913 Webster] |
applied mathematics
(wn) | applied mathematics
n 1: the branches of mathematics that are involved in the study
of the physical or biological or sociological world [syn:
applied mathematics, applied math] |
department of mathematics
(wn) | department of mathematics
n 1: the academic department responsible for teaching and
research in mathematics [syn: mathematics department,
department of mathematics] |
mathematics
(wn) | mathematics
n 1: a science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the
logic of quantity and shape and arrangement [syn:
mathematics, math, maths] |
mathematics department
(wn) | mathematics department
n 1: the academic department responsible for teaching and
research in mathematics [syn: mathematics department,
department of mathematics] |
mathematics teacher
(wn) | mathematics teacher
n 1: someone who teaches mathematics [syn: math teacher,
mathematics teacher] |
metamathematics
(wn) | metamathematics
n 1: the logical analysis of mathematical reasoning |
pure mathematics
(wn) | pure mathematics
n 1: the branches of mathematics that study and develop the
principles of mathematics for their own sake rather than
for their immediate usefulness |
keldysh institute of applied mathematics
(foldoc) | Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics
Address: Russian Academy of Sciences Miusskaya Pl. 4, 125047
Moscow, Russia.
(1994-12-12)
|
mathematics in recognizable form automatically compiled
(foldoc) | Mathematics in Recognizable Form Automatically Compiled
MIRFAC
(MIRFAC) An early interactive system resembling
BASIC using typewriter output with special mathematical
symbols.
[Sammet 1969, pp. 281-284].
(1997-08-01)
|
symbolic mathematics
(foldoc) | symbolic mathematics
(Or "symbolic math") The use of
computers to manipulate mathematical equations and expressions
in symbolic form, as opposed to manipulating the numerical
quantities represented by those symbols. Such a system might
be used for symbolic integration or differentiation,
substitution of one expression into another, simplification of
an expression, change of subject etc.
One of the best known symbolic mathematics software packages
is Mathematica. Others include ALAM, ALGY, AMP,
Ashmedai, AXIOM*, CAMAL, CAYLEY, CCalc, CLAM,
CoCoA(?), ESP, FLAP, FORM, FORMAL, Formula ALGOL,
GAP, JACAL, LiE, Macaulay, MACSYMA, Magic Paper,
MAO, Maple, Mathcad, MATHLAB, MuMath, Nother,
ORTHOCARTAN, Pari, REDUCE, SAC-1, SAC2, SAINT,
Schoonschip, Scratchpad I, SHEEP, STENSOR, SYMBAL,
SymbMath, Symbolic Mathematical Laboratory, TRIGMAN,
UBASIC.
Usenet newsgropup: news:sci.math.symbolic.
(1995-04-12)
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