| slovo | definícia |
modulation
(encz) | modulation,modulace n: Zdeněk Brož |
Modulation
(gcide) | Modulation \Mod`u*la"tion\, n. [L. modulatio: cf. F.
modulation.]
1. The act of modulating, or the state of being modulated;
as, the modulation of the voice.
[1913 Webster]
2. Sound modulated; melody. [R.] --Thomson.
[1913 Webster]
3. (Mus.) A change of key, whether transient, or until the
music becomes established in the new key; a shifting of
the tonality of a piece, so that the harmonies all center
upon a new keynote or tonic; the art of transition out of
the original key into one nearly related, and so on, it
may be, by successive changes, into a key quite remote.
There are also sudden and unprepared modulations.
[1913 Webster]
4. (Electronics) The alteration of hte amplitude, intensity,
frequency, or phase (of the carrier wave of a radio
signal) at intervals, so as to represent information to be
transmitted.
[WordNet 1.5] |
modulation
(wn) | modulation
n 1: a musical passage moving from one key to another [syn:
transition, modulation]
2: (electronics) the transmission of a signal by using it to
vary a carrier wave; changing the carrier's amplitude or
frequency or phase
3: rise and fall of the voice pitch [syn: intonation,
modulation, pitch contour]
4: a manner of speaking in which the loudness or pitch or tone
of the voice is modified [syn: modulation, inflection]
5: the act of modifying or adjusting according to due measure
and proportion (as with regard to artistic effect) |
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
frequency modulation
(mass) | frequency modulation
- frekvenčná modulácia |
frequency modulation
(msas) | Frequency Modulation
- FM |
frequency modulation
(msasasci) | Frequency Modulation
- FM |
amplitude modulation
(encz) | amplitude modulation,amplitudová modulace |
demodulation
(encz) | demodulation,demodulace n: Zdeněk Brož |
frequency modulation
(encz) | frequency modulation,fM Zdeněk Brožfrequency modulation,frekvenční modulace Zdeněk Brož |
modulation
(encz) | modulation,modulace n: Zdeněk Brož |
modulations
(encz) | modulations,modulace pl. Zdeněk Brož |
phase modulation
(encz) | phase modulation,fázová modulace [tech.] Clock |
pulse modulation
(encz) | pulse modulation,pulsní modulace [tech.] Milan Svoboda |
pulse-time modulation
(encz) | pulse-time modulation, n: |
Natural modulation
(gcide) | Natural \Nat"u*ral\ (?; 135), a. [OE. naturel, F. naturel, fr.
L. naturalis, fr. natura. See Nature.]
1. Fixed or determined by nature; pertaining to the
constitution of a thing; belonging to native character;
according to nature; essential; characteristic; innate;
not artificial, foreign, assumed, put on, or acquired; as,
the natural growth of animals or plants; the natural
motion of a gravitating body; natural strength or
disposition; the natural heat of the body; natural color.
[1913 Webster]
With strong natural sense, and rare force of will.
--Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
2. Conformed to the order, laws, or actual facts, of nature;
consonant to the methods of nature; according to the
stated course of things, or in accordance with the laws
which govern events, feelings, etc.; not exceptional or
violent; legitimate; normal; regular; as, the natural
consequence of crime; a natural death; anger is a natural
response to insult.
[1913 Webster]
What can be more natural than the circumstances in
the behavior of those women who had lost their
husbands on this fatal day? --Addison.
[1913 Webster]
3. Having to do with existing system to things; dealing with,
or derived from, the creation, or the world of matter and
mind, as known by man; within the scope of human reason or
experience; not supernatural; as, a natural law; natural
science; history, theology.
[1913 Webster]
I call that natural religion which men might know .
. . by the mere principles of reason, improved by
consideration and experience, without the help of
revelation. --Bp. Wilkins.
[1913 Webster]
4. Conformed to truth or reality; as:
(a) Springing from true sentiment; not artificial or
exaggerated; -- said of action, delivery, etc.; as, a
natural gesture, tone, etc.
(b) Resembling the object imitated; true to nature;
according to the life; -- said of anything copied or
imitated; as, a portrait is natural.
[1913 Webster]
5. Having the character or sentiments properly belonging to
one's position; not unnatural in feelings.
[1913 Webster]
To leave his wife, to leave his babes, . . .
He wants the natural touch. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
6. Connected by the ties of consanguinity. especially,
Related by birth rather than by adoption; as, one's
natural mother. "Natural friends." --J. H. Newman.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
7. Hence: Begotten without the sanction of law; born out of
wedlock; illegitimate; bastard; as, a natural child.
[1913 Webster]
8. Of or pertaining to the lower or animal nature, as
contrasted with the higher or moral powers, or that which
is spiritual; being in a state of nature; unregenerate.
[1913 Webster]
The natural man receiveth not the things of the
Spirit of God. --1 Cor. ii.
14.
[1913 Webster]
9. (Math.) Belonging to, to be taken in, or referred to, some
system, in which the base is 1; -- said of certain
functions or numbers; as, natural numbers, those
commencing at 1; natural sines, cosines, etc., those taken
in arcs whose radii are 1.
[1913 Webster]
10. (Mus.)
(a) Produced by natural organs, as those of the human
throat, in distinction from instrumental music.
(b) Of or pertaining to a key which has neither a flat
nor a sharp for its signature, as the key of C major.
(c) Applied to an air or modulation of harmony which
moves by easy and smooth transitions, digressing but
little from the original key.
(d) Neither flat nor sharp; -- of a tone.
(e) Changed to the pitch which is neither flat nor sharp,
by appending the sign [natural]; as, A natural.
--Moore (Encyc. of Music).
[1913 Webster +PJC]
11. Existing in nature or created by the forces of nature, in
contrast to production by man; not made, manufactured, or
processed by humans; as, a natural ruby; a natural
bridge; natural fibers; a deposit of natural calcium
sulfate. Opposed to artificial, man-made,
manufactured, processed and synthetic. [WordNet
sense 2]
[PJC]
12. Hence: Not processed or refined; in the same statre as
that existing in nature; as, natural wood; natural foods.
[PJC]
Natural day, the space of twenty-four hours. --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]
Natural fats, Natural gas, etc. See under Fat, Gas.
etc.
Natural Harmony (Mus.), the harmony of the triad or common
chord.
Natural history, in its broadest sense, a history or
description of nature as a whole, including the sciences
of botany, Zoology, geology, mineralogy,
paleontology, chemistry, and physics. In recent
usage the term is often restricted to the sciences of
botany and Zoology collectively, and sometimes to the
science of zoology alone.
Natural law, that instinctive sense of justice and of right
and wrong, which is native in mankind, as distinguished
from specifically revealed divine law, and formulated
human law.
Natural modulation (Mus.), transition from one key to its
relative keys.
Natural order. (Nat. Hist.) See under order.
Natural person. (Law) See under person, n.
Natural philosophy, originally, the study of nature in
general; the natural sciences; in modern usage, that
branch of physical science, commonly called physics,
which treats of the phenomena and laws of matter and
considers those effects only which are unaccompanied by
any change of a chemical nature; -- contrasted with
mental philosophy and moral philosophy.
Natural scale (Mus.), a scale which is written without
flats or sharps.
Note: Model would be a preferable term, as less likely to
mislead, the so-called artificial scales (scales
represented by the use of flats and sharps) being
equally natural with the so-called natural scale.
Natural science, the study of objects and phenomena
existing in nature, especially biology, chemistry, physics
and their interdisciplinary related sciences; {natural
history}, in its broadest sense; -- used especially in
contradistinction to social science, mathematics,
philosophy, mental science or moral science.
Natural selection (Biol.), the operation of natural laws
analogous, in their operation and results, to designed
selection in breeding plants and animals, and resulting in
the survival of the fittest; the elimination over time of
species unable to compete in specific environments with
other species more adapted to survival; -- the essential
mechanism of evolution. The principle of natural selection
is neutral with respect to the mechanism by which
inheritable changes occur in organisms (most commonly
thought to be due to mutation of genes and reorganization
of genomes), but proposes that those forms which have
become so modified as to be better adapted to the existing
environment have tended to survive and leave similarly
adapted descendants, while those less perfectly adapted
have tended to die out through lack of fitness for the
environment, thus resulting in the survival of the
fittest. See Darwinism.
Natural system (Bot. & Zool.), a classification based upon
real affinities, as shown in the structure of all parts of
the organisms, and by their embryology.
It should be borne in mind that the natural system
of botany is natural only in the constitution of its
genera, tribes, orders, etc., and in its grand
divisions. --Gray.
Natural theology, or Natural religion, that part of
theological science which treats of those evidences of the
existence and attributes of the Supreme Being which are
exhibited in nature; -- distinguished from {revealed
religion}. See Quotation under Natural, a., 3.
Natural vowel, the vowel sound heard in urn, furl, sir,
her, etc.; -- so called as being uttered in the easiest
open position of the mouth organs. See Neutral vowel,
under Neutral and Guide to Pronunciation, [sect] 17.
[1913 Webster +PJC]
Syn: See Native.
[1913 Webster] |
amplitude modulation
(wn) | amplitude modulation
n 1: modulation of the amplitude of the (radio) carrier wave
[syn: amplitude modulation, AM] |
demodulation
(wn) | demodulation
n 1: (electronics) the reception of a signal by extracting it
from the carrier wave |
frequency modulation
(wn) | frequency modulation
n 1: modulation of the frequency of the (radio) carrier wave
[syn: frequency modulation, FM] |
modulation
(wn) | modulation
n 1: a musical passage moving from one key to another [syn:
transition, modulation]
2: (electronics) the transmission of a signal by using it to
vary a carrier wave; changing the carrier's amplitude or
frequency or phase
3: rise and fall of the voice pitch [syn: intonation,
modulation, pitch contour]
4: a manner of speaking in which the loudness or pitch or tone
of the voice is modified [syn: modulation, inflection]
5: the act of modifying or adjusting according to due measure
and proportion (as with regard to artistic effect) |
phase modulation
(wn) | phase modulation
n 1: modulation of the phase of the carrier wave [syn: {phase
modulation}, PM] |
pulse modulation
(wn) | pulse modulation
n 1: modulation that imposes a signal on a train of pulses |
pulse-time modulation
(wn) | pulse-time modulation
n 1: modulation of the time between successive pulses |
adaptive digital pulse code modulation
(foldoc) | Adaptive Digital Pulse Code Modulation
ADPCM
(ADPCM) A compression technique which
records only the difference between samples and adjusts the
coding scale dynamically to accomodate large and small
differences. ADPCM is simple to implement, but introduces
much noise.
[Used where? Does the Sony minidisk use ADPCM or ATRAC?]
(1998-12-10)
|
amplitude modulation
(foldoc) | Amplitude Modulation
(AM) A method of encoding data by varying
the amplitude of a constant frequency carrier.
Contrast Frequency Modulation.
(2001-04-30)
|
asymmetrical modulation
(foldoc) | asymmetrical modulation
A scheme to maximise use of a communications
line by giving a larger share of the bandwidth to the
modem at the end which is transmitting the most information.
Only one end of the connection has full bandwidth, the other
has only a fraction of the bandwidth. Normally, which end
gets the full bandwidth is chosen dynamically.
Asymmetrical modulation was made famous by the HST mode of
the early high-speed modems from US Robotics.
(1998-03-13)
|
carrierless amplitude/phase modulation
(foldoc) | Carrierless Amplitude/Phase Modulation
(CAP) A design of {Asymmetric Digital
Subscriber Line} transceiver developed by Bell Labs. CAP
was the first ADSL design to be commercially deployed and, as
of August 1996, was installed on more lines than any other.
CAP is a variation of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, the
modulation used by most existing modems in 1997. With CAP,
the three channels (POTS, downstream data and upstream data)
are supported by splitting the frequency spectrum. Voice
occupies the standard 0-4 Khz frequency band, followed by the
upstream channel and the high-speed downstream channel.
(1997-10-08)
|
demodulation
(foldoc) | demodulation
demodulate
To recover the signal from the carrier.
For example, in a radio broadcast using amplitude modulation
the audio signal is transmitted as the mean amplitude of a
radio-frequency carrier so demodulation requires a circuit
which measures the amplitude and filters out the carrier.
There are many other kinds of modulation and corresponding
demodulation.
(1998-07-29)
|
frequency modulation
(foldoc) | Frequency Modulation
(FM) A method of encoding data by varying the
frequency of a constant amplitude carrier signal.
Contrast Amplitude Modulation.
(2001-04-02)
|
intermodulation distortion
(foldoc) | intermodulation distortion
IMD
(IMD) Nonlinear distortion
in a system or transducer, characterised by the appearance
in the output of frequencies equal to the sums and differences
of integral multiples of the two or more component frequencies
present in the input waveform.
(2000-08-21)
|
modified frequency modulation
(foldoc) | Modified Frequency Modulation
MFM
(MFM, Modified FM, or sometimes "Multiple
Frequency Modulation") A modification to the original
frequency modulation scheme for encoding data on {magnetic
disks}. MFM allows more than 1 symbol per flux transition (up
to 3), giving greater density of data. It is used with a data
rate of between 250-500 kbit/s on industry standard 3.5" and
5.25" low and high density diskettes, and up to 5 Mbit/s on
ST-506 hard disks. Except for 1.44 MB floppy disks, this
encoding is obsolete.
Other data encoding schemes include GCR, FM, RLL. See
also: PRML.
(2002-06-24)
|
pulse code modulation
(foldoc) | Pulse Code Modulation
(PCM) A method by which an audio signal is represented
as digital data.
Virtually all digital audio systems use PCM, including, CD,
DAT, F1 format, 1630 format, DASH, DCC, and MD. Many people
get confused because "PCM" is also slang for Sony's F1 format
which stores PCM digital audio on videotape.
(1995-02-09)
|
quadrature amplitude modulation
(foldoc) | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
(QAM) A method for encoding digital data in an analog signal
in which each combination of phase and amplitude represents
one of sixteen four bit patterns. This is required for fax
transmission at 9600 bits per second.
(1995-02-02)
|
trellis code modulation
(foldoc) | Trellis Code Modulation
TCM
(TCM) A modulation technique with hardware {error detection
and correction}.
[Details?]
(1995-02-22)
|
upper side-band modulation
(foldoc) | Upper Side-Band modulation
(USB) A kind of modulation applied to a
sinusoidal carrier.
[Details?]
(1997-07-16)
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