| slovo | definícia |
constable
(encz) | constable,strážník n: Zdeněk Brož |
Constable
(gcide) | Constable \Con"sta*ble\ (k[o^]n"st[.a]*b'l or
k[u^]n"st[.a]*b'l), n. [OE. conestable, constable, a
constable (in sense 1), OF. conestable, F. conn['e]table, LL.
conestabulus, constabularius, comes stabuli, orig., count of
the stable, master of the horse, equerry; comes count (L.
companion) + L. stabulum stable. See Count a nobleman, and
Stable.]
1. A high officer in the monarchical establishments of the
Middle Ages.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The constable of France was the first officer of the
crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was
also his duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The
office was suppressed in 1627. The constable, or lord
high constable, of England, was one of the highest
officers of the crown, commander in chief of the
forces, and keeper of the peace of the nation. He also
had judicial cognizance of many important matters. The
office was as early as the Conquest, but has been
disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since
the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the
reign of Henry VIII.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Law) An officer of the peace having power as a
conservator of the public peace, and bound to execute the
warrants of judicial officers. --Bouvier.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In England, at the present time, the constable is a
conservator of the peace within his district, and is
also charged by various statutes with other duties,
such as serving summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In
the United States, constables are town or city officers
of the peace, with powers similar to those of the
constables of England. In addition to their duties as
conservators of the peace, they are invested with
others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as
criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts,
keep juries, etc. In some cities, there are officers
called high constables, who act as chiefs of the
constabulary or police force. In other cities the title
of constable, as well as the office, is merged in that
of the police officer.
[1913 Webster]
High constable, a constable having certain duties and
powers within a hundred. [Eng.]
Petty constable, a conservator of the peace within a parish
or tithing; a tithingman. [Eng.]
Special constable, a person appointed to act as constable
of special occasions.
To overrun the constable, or outrun the constable, to
spend more than one's income; to get into debt. [Colloq.]
--Smollett.
[1913 Webster] |
constable
(wn) | constable
n 1: a lawman with less authority and jurisdiction than a
sheriff
2: English landscape painter (1776-1837) [syn: Constable,
John Constable]
3: a police officer of the lowest rank [syn: constable,
police constable] |
CONSTABLE
(bouvier) | CONSTABLE. An officer, who is generally elected by the people.
2. He possess power, virture officii, as a conservator of the peace at
common law, and by virtue of various legislative enactments; he. way
therefore apprehend a supposed offender without a warrant, as treason,
felony, breach of the peace, and for some misdemeanors less than felony,
when committed in his view. 1 Hale, 587; 1 East, P. C. 303 8 Serg. & Rawle,
47. He may also arrest a supposed offender upon the information of others
but he does so at his peril, unless he can show that a felony has been
committed by some person, as well as the reasonableness of the suspicion
that the party arrested is guilty. 1 Chit. Cr. L. 27; 6 Binn. R. 316; 2
Hale, 91, 92 1 East, P. C. 301. He has power to call others to his
assistance; or he may appoint a deputy to do ministerial acts. 3 Burr. Rep.
1262.
3. A constable is also a ministerial officer, bound to obey the
warrants and precepts of justices, coroners, and sheriffs. Constables are
also in some states bound to execute the warrants and process of justices of
the peace in civil cases.
4. In England, they have many officers, with more or less power, who
bear the name of constables; as, lord high constable of England, high
constable 3 Burr. 1262 head constables, petty constables, constables of
castles, constables of the tower, constables of the fees, constable of the
exchequer, constable of the staple, &c.
5. In some of the cities of the United States there are officers who
are called high constables, who are the principal police officers where they
reside. Vide the various Digests of American Law, h.t.; 1 Chit. Cr. L. 20;
5 Vin. Ab. 427; 2 Phil. Ev. 253 2 Sell. Pr. 70; Bac. Ab. h.t.; Com. Dig.
Justices of the Peace, B 79; Id. D 7; Id, Officer, E 2; Wille. Off. Const.
|
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
constable
(encz) | constable,strážník n: Zdeněk Brož |
police constable
(encz) | police constable, n: |
Constablery
(gcide) | Constablery \Con"sta*bler*y\ (? or ? ), n. [OF. conestablerie.
Cf. Constabulary.]
1. The constabulary. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]
2. The district or jurisdiction of a constable. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster] |
Constableship
(gcide) | Constableship \Con"sta*bleship\, n.
The office or functions of a constable.
[1913 Webster] |
Constabless
(gcide) | Constabless \Con"sta*bless\, n.
The wife of a constable. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster] |
Constablewick
(gcide) | Constablewick \Con"sta*ble*wick`\, n. [Constable + wick a
village]
The district to which a constable's power is limited. [Obs.]
--Sir M. Hale.
[1913 Webster] |
High constable
(gcide) | Constable \Con"sta*ble\ (k[o^]n"st[.a]*b'l or
k[u^]n"st[.a]*b'l), n. [OE. conestable, constable, a
constable (in sense 1), OF. conestable, F. conn['e]table, LL.
conestabulus, constabularius, comes stabuli, orig., count of
the stable, master of the horse, equerry; comes count (L.
companion) + L. stabulum stable. See Count a nobleman, and
Stable.]
1. A high officer in the monarchical establishments of the
Middle Ages.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The constable of France was the first officer of the
crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was
also his duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The
office was suppressed in 1627. The constable, or lord
high constable, of England, was one of the highest
officers of the crown, commander in chief of the
forces, and keeper of the peace of the nation. He also
had judicial cognizance of many important matters. The
office was as early as the Conquest, but has been
disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since
the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the
reign of Henry VIII.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Law) An officer of the peace having power as a
conservator of the public peace, and bound to execute the
warrants of judicial officers. --Bouvier.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In England, at the present time, the constable is a
conservator of the peace within his district, and is
also charged by various statutes with other duties,
such as serving summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In
the United States, constables are town or city officers
of the peace, with powers similar to those of the
constables of England. In addition to their duties as
conservators of the peace, they are invested with
others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as
criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts,
keep juries, etc. In some cities, there are officers
called high constables, who act as chiefs of the
constabulary or police force. In other cities the title
of constable, as well as the office, is merged in that
of the police officer.
[1913 Webster]
High constable, a constable having certain duties and
powers within a hundred. [Eng.]
Petty constable, a conservator of the peace within a parish
or tithing; a tithingman. [Eng.]
Special constable, a person appointed to act as constable
of special occasions.
To overrun the constable, or outrun the constable, to
spend more than one's income; to get into debt. [Colloq.]
--Smollett.
[1913 Webster]High \High\, a. [Compar. Higher; superl. Highest.] [OE.
high, hegh, hey, heh, AS. he['a]h, h?h; akin to OS. h?h,
OFries. hag, hach, D. hoog, OHG. h?h, G. hoch, Icel. h?r, Sw.
h["o]g, Dan. h["o]i, Goth. hauhs, and to Icel. haugr mound,
G. h["u]gel hill, Lith. kaukaras.]
1. Elevated above any starting point of measurement, as a
line, or surface; having altitude; lifted up; raised or
extended in the direction of the zenith; lofty; tall; as,
a high mountain, tower, tree; the sun is high.
[1913 Webster]
2. Regarded as raised up or elevated; distinguished;
remarkable; conspicuous; superior; -- used indefinitely or
relatively, and often in figurative senses, which are
understood from the connection; as
(a) Elevated in character or quality, whether moral or
intellectual; pre["e]minent; honorable; as, high aims,
or motives. "The highest faculty of the soul."
--Baxter.
(b) Exalted in social standing or general estimation, or
in rank, reputation, office, and the like; dignified;
as, she was welcomed in the highest circles.
[1913 Webster]
He was a wight of high renown. --Shak.
(c) Of noble birth; illustrious; as, of high family.
(d) Of great strength, force, importance, and the like;
strong; mighty; powerful; violent; sometimes,
triumphant; victorious; majestic, etc.; as, a high
wind; high passions. "With rather a high manner."
--Thackeray.
[1913 Webster]
Strong is thy hand, and high is thy right hand.
--Ps. lxxxix.
13.
[1913 Webster]
Can heavenly minds such high resentment show?
--Dryden.
[1913 Webster]
(e) Very abstract; difficult to comprehend or surmount;
grand; noble.
[1913 Webster]
Both meet to hear and answer such high things.
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Plain living and high thinking are no more.
--Wordsworth.
(f) Costly; dear in price; extravagant; as, to hold goods
at a high price.
[1913 Webster]
If they must be good at so high a rate, they
know they may be safe at a cheaper. --South.
(g) Arrogant; lofty; boastful; proud; ostentatious; --
used in a bad sense.
[1913 Webster]
An high look and a proud heart . . . is sin.
--Prov. xxi.
4.
[1913 Webster]
His forces, after all the high discourses,
amounted really but to eighteen hundred foot.
--Clarendon.
[1913 Webster]
3. Possessing a characteristic quality in a supreme or
superior degree; as, high (i. e., intense) heat; high (i.
e., full or quite) noon; high (i. e., rich or spicy)
seasoning; high (i. e., complete) pleasure; high (i. e.,
deep or vivid) color; high (i. e., extensive, thorough)
scholarship, etc.
[1913 Webster]
High time it is this war now ended were. --Spenser.
[1913 Webster]
High sauces and spices are fetched from the Indies.
--Baker.
[1913 Webster]
4. (Cookery) Strong-scented; slightly tainted; as, epicures
do not cook game before it is high.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Mus.) Acute or sharp; -- opposed to grave or low; as,
a high note.
[1913 Webster]
6. (Phon.) Made with a high position of some part of the
tongue in relation to the palate, as [=e] ([=e]ve), [=oo]
(f[=oo]d). See Guide to Pronunciation, [sect][sect] 10,
11.
[1913 Webster]
High admiral, the chief admiral.
High altar, the principal altar in a church.
High and dry, out of water; out of reach of the current or
tide; -- said of a vessel, aground or beached.
High and mighty arrogant; overbearing. [Colloq.]
High art, art which deals with lofty and dignified subjects
and is characterized by an elevated style avoiding all
meretricious display.
High bailiff, the chief bailiff.
High Church, & Low Church, two ecclesiastical parties in
the Church of England and the Protestant Episcopal Church.
The high-churchmen emphasize the doctrine of the apostolic
succession, and hold, in general, to a sacramental
presence in the Eucharist, to baptismal regeneration, and
to the sole validity of Episcopal ordination. They attach
much importance to ceremonies and symbols in worship.
Low-churchmen lay less stress on these points, and, in
many instances, reject altogether the peculiar tenets of
the high-church school. See Broad Church.
High constable (Law), a chief of constabulary. See
Constable, n., 2.
High commission court, a court of ecclesiastical
jurisdiction in England erected and united to the regal
power by Queen Elizabeth in 1559. On account of the abuse
of its powers it was abolished in 1641.
High day (Script.), a holy or feast day. --John xix. 31.
High festival (Eccl.), a festival to be observed with full
ceremonial.
High German, or High Dutch. See under German.
High jinks, an old Scottish pastime; hence, noisy revelry;
wild sport. [Colloq.] "All the high jinks of the county,
when the lad comes of age." --F. Harrison.
High latitude (Geog.), one designated by the higher
figures; consequently, a latitude remote from the equator.
High life, life among the aristocracy or the rich.
High liver, one who indulges in a rich diet.
High living, a feeding upon rich, pampering food.
High Mass. (R. C. Ch.) See under Mass.
High milling, a process of making flour from grain by
several successive grindings and intermediate sorting,
instead of by a single grinding.
High noon, the time when the sun is in the meridian.
High place (Script.), an eminence or mound on which
sacrifices were offered.
High priest. See in the Vocabulary.
High relief. (Fine Arts) See Alto-rilievo.
High school. See under School.
High seas (Law), the open sea; the part of the ocean not in
the territorial waters of any particular sovereignty,
usually distant three miles or more from the coast line.
--Wharton.
High steam, steam having a high pressure.
High steward, the chief steward.
High tea, tea with meats and extra relishes.
High tide, the greatest flow of the tide; high water.
High time.
(a) Quite time; full time for the occasion.
(b) A time of great excitement or enjoyment; a carousal.
[Slang]
High treason, treason against the sovereign or the state,
the highest civil offense. See Treason.
[1913 Webster]
Note: It is now sufficient to speak of high treason as
treason simply, seeing that petty treason, as a
distinct offense, has been abolished. --Mozley & W.
High water, the utmost flow or greatest elevation of the
tide; also, the time of such elevation.
High-water mark.
(a) That line of the seashore to which the waters
ordinarily reach at high water.
(b) A mark showing the highest level reached by water in a
river or other body of fresh water, as in time of
freshet.
High-water shrub (Bot.), a composite shrub ({Iva
frutescens}), growing in salt marshes along the Atlantic
coast of the United States.
High wine, distilled spirits containing a high percentage
of alcohol; -- usually in the plural.
To be on a high horse, to be on one's dignity; to bear
one's self loftily. [Colloq.]
With a high hand.
(a) With power; in force; triumphantly. "The children of
Israel went out with a high hand." --Ex. xiv. 8.
(b) In an overbearing manner, arbitrarily. "They governed
the city with a high hand." --Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Syn: Tall; lofty; elevated; noble; exalted; supercilious;
proud; violent; full; dear. See Tall.
[1913 Webster] |
Lord high constable
(gcide) | Lord \Lord\, n. [OE. lord, laverd, loverd, AS. hl[=a]ford, for
hl[=a]fweard, i. e., bread keeper; hl[=a]f bread, loaf +
weardian to look after, to take care of, to ward. See Loaf,
and Ward to guard, and cf. Laird, Lady.]
1. One who has power and authority; a master; a ruler; a
governor; a prince; a proprietor, as of a manor.
[1913 Webster]
But now I was the lord
Of this fair mansion. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
Man over men
He made not lord. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
2. A titled nobleman., whether a peer of the realm or not; a
bishop, as a member of the House of Lords; by courtesy;
the son of a duke or marquis, or the eldest son of an
earl; in a restricted sense, a baron, as opposed to
noblemen of higher rank. [Eng.]
[1913 Webster]
3. A title bestowed on the persons above named; and also, for
honor, on certain official persons; as, lord advocate,
lord chamberlain, lord chancellor, lord chief justice,
etc. [Eng.]
[1913 Webster]
4. A husband. "My lord being old also." --Gen. xviii. 12.
[1913 Webster]
Thou worthy lord
Of that unworthy wife that greeteth thee. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]
5. (Feudal Law) One of whom a fee or estate is held; the male
owner of feudal land; as, the lord of the soil; the lord
of the manor.
[1913 Webster]
6. The Supreme Being; Jehovah.
[1913 Webster]
Note: When Lord, in the Old Testament, is printed in small
capitals, it is usually equivalent to Jehovah, and
might, with more propriety, be so rendered.
[1913 Webster]
7. (Christianity) The Savior; Jesus Christ.
[1913 Webster]
House of Lords, one of the constituent parts of the British
Parliament, consisting of the lords spiritual and
temporal.
Lord high chancellor, Lord high constable, etc. See
Chancellor, Constable, etc.
Lord justice clerk, the second in rank of the two highest
judges of the Supreme Court of Scotland.
Lord justice general, or Lord president, the highest in
rank of the judges of the Supreme Court of Scotland.
Lord keeper, an ancient officer of the English crown, who
had the custody of the king's great seal, with authority
to affix it to public documents. The office is now merged
in that of the chancellor.
Lord lieutenant, a representative of British royalty: the
lord lieutenant of Ireland being the representative of
royalty there, and exercising supreme administrative
authority; the lord lieutenant of a county being a
deputy to manage its military concerns, and also to
nominate to the chancellor the justices of the peace for
that county.
Lord of misrule, the master of the revels at Christmas in a
nobleman's or other great house. --Eng. Cyc.
Lords spiritual, the archbishops and bishops who have seats
in the House of Lords.
Lords temporal, the peers of England; also, sixteen
representative peers of Scotland, and twenty-eight
representatives of the Irish peerage.
Our lord, Jesus Christ; the Savior.
The Lord's Day, Sunday; the Christian Sabbath, on which the
Lord Jesus rose from the dead.
The Lord's Prayer, (Christianity) the prayer which Jesus
taught his disciples, also called the Our Father.
--Matt. vi. 9-13.
The Lord's Supper.
(a) The paschal supper partaken of by Jesus the night
before his crucifixion.
(b) The sacrament of the eucharist; the holy communion.
The Lord's Table.
(a) The altar or table from which the sacrament is
dispensed.
(b) The sacrament itself.
[1913 Webster] |
outrun the constable
(gcide) | Constable \Con"sta*ble\ (k[o^]n"st[.a]*b'l or
k[u^]n"st[.a]*b'l), n. [OE. conestable, constable, a
constable (in sense 1), OF. conestable, F. conn['e]table, LL.
conestabulus, constabularius, comes stabuli, orig., count of
the stable, master of the horse, equerry; comes count (L.
companion) + L. stabulum stable. See Count a nobleman, and
Stable.]
1. A high officer in the monarchical establishments of the
Middle Ages.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The constable of France was the first officer of the
crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was
also his duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The
office was suppressed in 1627. The constable, or lord
high constable, of England, was one of the highest
officers of the crown, commander in chief of the
forces, and keeper of the peace of the nation. He also
had judicial cognizance of many important matters. The
office was as early as the Conquest, but has been
disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since
the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the
reign of Henry VIII.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Law) An officer of the peace having power as a
conservator of the public peace, and bound to execute the
warrants of judicial officers. --Bouvier.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In England, at the present time, the constable is a
conservator of the peace within his district, and is
also charged by various statutes with other duties,
such as serving summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In
the United States, constables are town or city officers
of the peace, with powers similar to those of the
constables of England. In addition to their duties as
conservators of the peace, they are invested with
others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as
criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts,
keep juries, etc. In some cities, there are officers
called high constables, who act as chiefs of the
constabulary or police force. In other cities the title
of constable, as well as the office, is merged in that
of the police officer.
[1913 Webster]
High constable, a constable having certain duties and
powers within a hundred. [Eng.]
Petty constable, a conservator of the peace within a parish
or tithing; a tithingman. [Eng.]
Special constable, a person appointed to act as constable
of special occasions.
To overrun the constable, or outrun the constable, to
spend more than one's income; to get into debt. [Colloq.]
--Smollett.
[1913 Webster] |
overrun the constable
(gcide) | Constable \Con"sta*ble\ (k[o^]n"st[.a]*b'l or
k[u^]n"st[.a]*b'l), n. [OE. conestable, constable, a
constable (in sense 1), OF. conestable, F. conn['e]table, LL.
conestabulus, constabularius, comes stabuli, orig., count of
the stable, master of the horse, equerry; comes count (L.
companion) + L. stabulum stable. See Count a nobleman, and
Stable.]
1. A high officer in the monarchical establishments of the
Middle Ages.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The constable of France was the first officer of the
crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was
also his duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The
office was suppressed in 1627. The constable, or lord
high constable, of England, was one of the highest
officers of the crown, commander in chief of the
forces, and keeper of the peace of the nation. He also
had judicial cognizance of many important matters. The
office was as early as the Conquest, but has been
disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since
the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the
reign of Henry VIII.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Law) An officer of the peace having power as a
conservator of the public peace, and bound to execute the
warrants of judicial officers. --Bouvier.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In England, at the present time, the constable is a
conservator of the peace within his district, and is
also charged by various statutes with other duties,
such as serving summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In
the United States, constables are town or city officers
of the peace, with powers similar to those of the
constables of England. In addition to their duties as
conservators of the peace, they are invested with
others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as
criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts,
keep juries, etc. In some cities, there are officers
called high constables, who act as chiefs of the
constabulary or police force. In other cities the title
of constable, as well as the office, is merged in that
of the police officer.
[1913 Webster]
High constable, a constable having certain duties and
powers within a hundred. [Eng.]
Petty constable, a conservator of the peace within a parish
or tithing; a tithingman. [Eng.]
Special constable, a person appointed to act as constable
of special occasions.
To overrun the constable, or outrun the constable, to
spend more than one's income; to get into debt. [Colloq.]
--Smollett.
[1913 Webster] |
Petit constable
(gcide) | Petit \Pet"it\ (p[e^]t"[y^]; F. pe*t[-e]"), a. [F. See Petty.]
Small; little; insignificant; mean; -- Same as Petty.
[Obs., except in legal language.]
[1913 Webster]
By what small, petit hints does the mind catch hold of
and recover a vanishing notion. --South.
[1913 Webster]
Petit constable, an inferior civil officer, subordinate to
the high constable.
Petit jury, a jury of twelve men, impaneled to try causes
at the bar of a court; -- so called in distinction from
the grand jury.
Petit larceny, the stealing of goods of, or under, a
certain specified small value; -- opposed to {grand
larceny}. The distinction is abolished in England.
{Petit ma[^i]tre}. [F., lit., little master.] A fop; a
coxcomb; a ladies' man. --Goldsmith.
Petit serjeanty (Eng. Law), the tenure of lands of the
crown, by the service of rendering annually some implement
of war, as a bow, an arrow, a sword, a flag, etc.
Petit treason, formerly, in England, the crime of killing a
person to whom the offender owed duty or subjection, as
one's husband, master, mistress, etc. The crime is now not
distinguished from murder.
[1913 Webster] |
Petty constable
(gcide) | Constable \Con"sta*ble\ (k[o^]n"st[.a]*b'l or
k[u^]n"st[.a]*b'l), n. [OE. conestable, constable, a
constable (in sense 1), OF. conestable, F. conn['e]table, LL.
conestabulus, constabularius, comes stabuli, orig., count of
the stable, master of the horse, equerry; comes count (L.
companion) + L. stabulum stable. See Count a nobleman, and
Stable.]
1. A high officer in the monarchical establishments of the
Middle Ages.
[1913 Webster]
Note: The constable of France was the first officer of the
crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was
also his duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The
office was suppressed in 1627. The constable, or lord
high constable, of England, was one of the highest
officers of the crown, commander in chief of the
forces, and keeper of the peace of the nation. He also
had judicial cognizance of many important matters. The
office was as early as the Conquest, but has been
disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since
the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the
reign of Henry VIII.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Law) An officer of the peace having power as a
conservator of the public peace, and bound to execute the
warrants of judicial officers. --Bouvier.
[1913 Webster]
Note: In England, at the present time, the constable is a
conservator of the peace within his district, and is
also charged by various statutes with other duties,
such as serving summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In
the United States, constables are town or city officers
of the peace, with powers similar to those of the
constables of England. In addition to their duties as
conservators of the peace, they are invested with
others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as
criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts,
keep juries, etc. In some cities, there are officers
called high constables, who act as chiefs of the
constabulary or police force. In other cities the title
of constable, as well as the office, is merged in that
of the police officer.
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High constable, a constable having certain duties and
powers within a hundred. [Eng.]
Petty constable, a conservator of the peace within a parish
or tithing; a tithingman. [Eng.]
Special constable, a person appointed to act as constable
of special occasions.
To overrun the constable, or outrun the constable, to
spend more than one's income; to get into debt. [Colloq.]
--Smollett.
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Police constable
(gcide) | Police \Po*lice"\, n. [F., fr. L. politia the condition of a
state, government, administration, Gr. ?, fr. ? to be a
citizen, to govern or administer a state, fr. ? citizen, fr.
? city; akin to Skr. pur, puri. Cf. Policy polity,
Polity.]
1. A judicial and executive system, for the government of a
city, town, or district, for the preservation of rights,
order, cleanliness, health, etc., and for the enforcement
of the laws and prevention of crime; the administration of
the laws and regulations of a city, incorporated town, or
borough.
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2. That which concerns the order of the community; the
internal regulation of a state.
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3. The organized body of civil officers in a city, town, or
district, whose particular duties are the preservation of
good order, the prevention and detection of crime, and the
enforcement of the laws.
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4. (Mil.) Military police, the body of soldiers detailed to
preserve civil order and attend to sanitary arrangements
in a camp or garrison.
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5. The cleaning of a camp or garrison, or the state ? a camp
as to cleanliness.
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Police commissioner, a civil officer, usually one of a
board, commissioned to regulate and control the
appointment, duties, and discipline of the police.
Police constable, or Police officer, a policeman.
Police court, a minor court to try persons brought before
it by the police.
Police inspector, an officer of police ranking next below a
superintendent.
Police jury, a body of officers who collectively exercise
jurisdiction in certain cases of police, as levying taxes,
etc.; -- so called in Louisiana. --Bouvier.
Police justice, or Police magistrate, a judge of a police
court.
Police offenses (Law), minor offenses against the order of
the community, of which a police court may have final
jurisdiction.
Police station, the headquarters of the police, or of a
section of them; the place where the police assemble for
orders, and to which they take arrested persons.
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Special constable
(gcide) | Special \Spe"cial\, a. [L. specialis, fr. species a particular
sort, kind, or quality: cf. F. sp['e]cial. See Species, and
cf. Especial.]
1. Of or pertaining to a species; constituting a species or
sort.
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A special is called by the schools a "species". --I.
Watts.
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2. Particular; peculiar; different from others;
extraordinary; uncommon.
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Our Savior is represented everywhere in Scripture as
the special patron of the poor and the afficted.
--Atterbury.
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To this special evil an improvement of style would
apply a special redress. --De Quincey.
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3. Appropriate; designed for a particular purpose, occasion,
or person; as, a special act of Parliament or of Congress;
a special sermon.
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4. Limited in range; confined to a definite field of action,
investigation, or discussion; as, a special dictionary of
commercial terms; a special branch of study.
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5. Chief in excellence. [Obs.]
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The king hath drawn
The special head of all the land together. --Shak.
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Special administration (Law), an administration limited to
certain specified effects or acts, or one granted during a
particular time or the existence of a special cause, as
during a controversy respecting the probate of a will, or
the right of administration, etc.
Special agency, an agency confined to some particular
matter.
Special bail, Bail above, or Bail to the action (Law),
sureties who undertake that, if the defendant is
convicted, he shall satisfy the plaintiff, or surrender
himself into custody. --Tomlins. --Wharton (Law Dict.).
Special constable. See under Constable. --Bouvier.
Special damage (Law), a damage resulting from the act
complained of, as a natural, but not the necessary,
consequence of it.
Special demurrer (Law), a demurrer for some defect of form
in the opposite party pleading, in which the cause of
demurrer is particularly stated.
Special deposit, a deposit made of a specific thing to be
kept distinct from others.
Special homology. (Biol.) See under Homology.
Special injuction (Law), an injuction granted on special
grounds, arising of the circumstances of the case.
--Daniell.
Special issue (Law), an issue produced upon a special plea.
--Stephen.
Special jury (Law), a jury consisting of persons of some
particular calling, station, or qualification, which is
called upon motion of either party when the cause is
supposed to require it; a struck jury.
Special orders (Mil.), orders which do not concern, and are
not published to, the whole command, such as those
relating to the movement of a particular corps, a detail,
a temporary camp, etc.
Special partner, a limited partner; a partner with a
limited or restricted responsibility; -- unknown at common
law.
Special partnership, a limited or particular partnership;
-- a term sometimes applied to a partnership in a
particular business, operation, or adventure.
Special plea in bar (Law), a plea setting forth particular
and new matter, distinguished from the general issue.
--Bouvier.
Special pleader (Law), originally, a counsel who devoted
himself to drawing special counts and pleas; in a wider
sense, a lawyer who draws pleadings.
Special pleading (Law), the allegation of special or new
matter, as distingiushed from a direct denial of matter
previously alleged on the side. --Bouvier. The popular
denomination of the whole science of pleading. --Stephen.
The phrase is sometimes popularly applied to the specious,
but unsound, argumentation of one whose aim is victory,
and not truth. --Burrill.
Special property (Law), a qualified or limited ownership
possession, as in wild animals, things found or bailed.
Special session, an extraordinary session; a session at an
unusual time or for an unusual purpose; as, a special
session of Congress or of a legislature.
Special statute, or Special law, an act of the
legislature which has reference to a particular person,
place, or interest; a private law; -- in distinction
from a general law or public law.
Special verdict (Law), a special finding of the facts of
the case, leaving to the court the application of the law
to them. --Wharton (Law Dict.).
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Syn: Peculiar; appropriate; specific; dictinctive;
particular; exceptional; singular. See Peculiar.
[1913 Webster]Constable \Con"sta*ble\ (k[o^]n"st[.a]*b'l or
k[u^]n"st[.a]*b'l), n. [OE. conestable, constable, a
constable (in sense 1), OF. conestable, F. conn['e]table, LL.
conestabulus, constabularius, comes stabuli, orig., count of
the stable, master of the horse, equerry; comes count (L.
companion) + L. stabulum stable. See Count a nobleman, and
Stable.]
1. A high officer in the monarchical establishments of the
Middle Ages.
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Note: The constable of France was the first officer of the
crown, and had the chief command of the army. It was
also his duty to regulate all matters of chivalry. The
office was suppressed in 1627. The constable, or lord
high constable, of England, was one of the highest
officers of the crown, commander in chief of the
forces, and keeper of the peace of the nation. He also
had judicial cognizance of many important matters. The
office was as early as the Conquest, but has been
disused (except on great and solemn occasions), since
the attainder of Stafford, duke of Buckingham, in the
reign of Henry VIII.
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2. (Law) An officer of the peace having power as a
conservator of the public peace, and bound to execute the
warrants of judicial officers. --Bouvier.
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Note: In England, at the present time, the constable is a
conservator of the peace within his district, and is
also charged by various statutes with other duties,
such as serving summons, precepts, warrants, etc. In
the United States, constables are town or city officers
of the peace, with powers similar to those of the
constables of England. In addition to their duties as
conservators of the peace, they are invested with
others by statute, such as to execute civil as well as
criminal process in certain cases, to attend courts,
keep juries, etc. In some cities, there are officers
called high constables, who act as chiefs of the
constabulary or police force. In other cities the title
of constable, as well as the office, is merged in that
of the police officer.
[1913 Webster]
High constable, a constable having certain duties and
powers within a hundred. [Eng.]
Petty constable, a conservator of the peace within a parish
or tithing; a tithingman. [Eng.]
Special constable, a person appointed to act as constable
of special occasions.
To overrun the constable, or outrun the constable, to
spend more than one's income; to get into debt. [Colloq.]
--Smollett.
[1913 Webster] |
chief constable
(wn) | Chief Constable
n 1: the head of the police force in a county (or similar area) |
constable
(wn) | constable
n 1: a lawman with less authority and jurisdiction than a
sheriff
2: English landscape painter (1776-1837) [syn: Constable,
John Constable]
3: a police officer of the lowest rank [syn: constable,
police constable] |
john constable
(wn) | John Constable
n 1: English landscape painter (1776-1837) [syn: Constable,
John Constable] |
police constable
(wn) | police constable
n 1: a police officer of the lowest rank [syn: constable,
police constable] |
CONSTABLE
(bouvier) | CONSTABLE. An officer, who is generally elected by the people.
2. He possess power, virture officii, as a conservator of the peace at
common law, and by virtue of various legislative enactments; he. way
therefore apprehend a supposed offender without a warrant, as treason,
felony, breach of the peace, and for some misdemeanors less than felony,
when committed in his view. 1 Hale, 587; 1 East, P. C. 303 8 Serg. & Rawle,
47. He may also arrest a supposed offender upon the information of others
but he does so at his peril, unless he can show that a felony has been
committed by some person, as well as the reasonableness of the suspicion
that the party arrested is guilty. 1 Chit. Cr. L. 27; 6 Binn. R. 316; 2
Hale, 91, 92 1 East, P. C. 301. He has power to call others to his
assistance; or he may appoint a deputy to do ministerial acts. 3 Burr. Rep.
1262.
3. A constable is also a ministerial officer, bound to obey the
warrants and precepts of justices, coroners, and sheriffs. Constables are
also in some states bound to execute the warrants and process of justices of
the peace in civil cases.
4. In England, they have many officers, with more or less power, who
bear the name of constables; as, lord high constable of England, high
constable 3 Burr. 1262 head constables, petty constables, constables of
castles, constables of the tower, constables of the fees, constable of the
exchequer, constable of the staple, &c.
5. In some of the cities of the United States there are officers who
are called high constables, who are the principal police officers where they
reside. Vide the various Digests of American Law, h.t.; 1 Chit. Cr. L. 20;
5 Vin. Ab. 427; 2 Phil. Ev. 253 2 Sell. Pr. 70; Bac. Ab. h.t.; Com. Dig.
Justices of the Peace, B 79; Id. D 7; Id, Officer, E 2; Wille. Off. Const.
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CONSTABLEWICK
(bouvier) | CONSTABLEWICK. In England, by this word is meant the territorial
jurisdiction of a constable. 5 Nev. & M. 261.
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HIGH CONSTABLE
(bouvier) | HIGH CONSTABLE. An officer appointed in some cities bears this name. His
powers are generally limited to matters of police, and are not more
extensive in these respects than those of constables. (q.v.)
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