slovodefinícia
Pinus
(gcide)		Pinus \Pi"nus\, n. [L., a pine tree.] (Bot.)
A large genus of evergreen coniferous trees, mostly found in
the northern hemisphere. The genus formerly included the
firs, spruces, larches, and hemlocks, but is now limited to
those trees which have the primary leaves of the branchlets
reduced to mere scales, and the secondary ones (pine needles)
acicular, and usually in fascicles of two to seven. See
Pine.
[1913 Webster]
pinus
(wn)		Pinus
n 1: type genus of the Pinaceae: large genus of true pines [syn:
Pinus, genus Pinus]
podobné slovodefinícia
pinus aristata
(encz)		pinus aristata,borovice osinatá n: [bot.] Jirka Daněk
Alopias vulpinus
(gcide)		Shark \Shark\ (sh[aum]rk), n. [Of uncertain origin; perhaps
through OF. fr. carcharus a kind of dogfish, Gr. karchari`as,
so called from its sharp teeth, fr. ka`rcharos having sharp
or jagged teeth; or perhaps named from its rapacity (cf.
Shark, v. t. & i.); cf. Corn. scarceas.]
1. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of elasmobranch fishes
of the order Plagiostomi, found in all seas.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Some sharks, as the basking shark and the whale shark,
grow to an enormous size, the former becoming forty
feet or more, and the latter sixty feet or more, in
length. Most of them are harmless to man, but some are
exceedingly voracious. The man-eating sharks mostly
belong to the genera Carcharhinus, Carcharodon, and
related genera. They have several rows of large sharp
teeth with serrated edges, as the great white shark
(Carcharodon carcharias or Carcharodon Rondeleti)
of tropical seas, and the great blue shark
(Carcharhinus glaucus syn. Prionace glauca) of all
tropical and temperate seas. The former sometimes
becomes thirty-six feet long, and is the most voracious
and dangerous species known. The rare man-eating shark
of the United States coast (Carcharodon Atwoodi) is
thought by some to be a variety, or the young, of
Carcharodon carcharias. The dusky shark
(Carcharhinus obscurus) is a common species on the
coast of the United States of moderate size and not
dangerous. It feeds on shellfish and bottom fishes.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The original 1913 Webster also mentioned a "smaller
blue shark (C. caudatus)", but this species could not
be found mentioned on the Web (August 2002). The
following is a list of Atlantic Ocean sharks:
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Common and Scientific Names of Atlantic Sharks
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
from "Our Living Oceans 1995" (published by the
National Printing Office):
NMFS. 1999. Our Living Oceans. Report on the status of
U.S. living marine resources, 1999. U.S. Dep. Commer.,
NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-F/SPO-41, on-line version,
http://spo.nwr.noaa.gov/olo99.htm.
(the following list is found at at
http://spo.nwr.noaa.gov/app5.pdf)
(1) Pelagic Sharks
Thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus)
Bigeye thresher (Alopias superciliosus)
Oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus)
Sevengill shark (Heptrachias perlo)
Sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus)
Bigeye sixgill shark (Hexanchus vitulus)
Shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus)
Longfin mako (Isurus paucus)
Porbeagle (Lamna nasus)
Blue shark (Prionace glauca)
(2)Large Coastal Sharks
Sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus)
Reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi)
Blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus)
Dusky shark (Carcharhinus obscurus)
Spinner shark (Carcharhinus brevipinna)
Silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis)
Bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas)
Bignose shark (Carcharhinus altimus)
Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis)
Night shark (Carcharhinus signatus)
White shark (Carcharodon carcharias)
Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus)
Tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier)
Nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum)
Lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris)
Ragged-tooth shark (Odontaspis ferox)
Whale shark (Rhincodon typus)
Scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini)
Great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran)
Smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena)
(3) Small Coastal Sharks
Finetooth shark (Carcharhinus isodon)
Blacknose shark (Carcharhinus acronotus)
Atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon erraenovae)
Caribbean sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon porosus)
Bonnethead (Sphyrna tiburo)
Atlantic angel shark (Squatina dumeril)
[PJC]

2. A rapacious, artful person; a sharper. [Colloq.]
[1913 Webster]

3. Trickery; fraud; petty rapine; as, to live upon the shark.
[Obs.] --South.
[1913 Webster]

Basking shark, Liver shark, Nurse shark, Oil shark,
Sand shark, Tiger shark, etc. See under Basking,
Liver, etc. See also Dogfish, Houndfish,
Notidanian, and Tope.

Gray shark, the sand shark.

Hammer-headed shark. See Hammerhead.

Port Jackson shark. See Cestraciont.

Shark barrow, the eggcase of a shark; a sea purse.

Shark ray. Same as Angel fish
(a), under Angel.

Thrasher shark or Thresher shark, a large, voracious
shark. See Thrasher.

Whale shark, a huge harmless shark (Rhinodon typicus) of
the Indian Ocean. It becomes sixty feet or more in length,
but has very small teeth.
[1913 Webster]
Carduelis spinus
(gcide)		Siskin \Sis"kin\, n. [Dan. sisgen; cf. Sw. siska, G. zeisig, D.
sijsje; of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. czy[zdot].] (Zool.)
(a) A small green and yellow European finch (Spinus spinus,
or Carduelis spinus); -- called also aberdevine.
(b) The American pinefinch (Spinus pinus); -- called also
pine siskin. See Pinefinch.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The name is applied also to several other related
species found in Asia and South America.
[1913 Webster]

Siskin green, a delicate shade of yellowish green, as in
the mineral torbernite.
[1913 Webster]Aber-de-vine \Ab`er-de-vine"\, n. (Zool.)
The European siskin (Carduelis spinus), a small green and
yellow finch, related to the goldfinch.
[1913 Webster]
Carpinus Americana
(gcide)		Hornbeam \Horn"beam`\, n. [See Beam.] (Bot.)
A tree of the genus Carpinus (Carpinus Americana), having
a smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the wood being white
and very hard. It is common along the banks of streams in the
United States, and is also called ironwood. The English
hornbeam is Carpinus Betulus. The American is called also
blue beech and water beech.
[1913 Webster]

Hop hornbeam. (Bot.) See under Hop.
[1913 Webster]
Carpinus Betulus
(gcide)		Hornbeam \Horn"beam`\, n. [See Beam.] (Bot.)
A tree of the genus Carpinus (Carpinus Americana), having
a smooth gray bark and a ridged trunk, the wood being white
and very hard. It is common along the banks of streams in the
United States, and is also called ironwood. The English
hornbeam is Carpinus Betulus. The American is called also
blue beech and water beech.
[1913 Webster]

Hop hornbeam. (Bot.) See under Hop.
[1913 Webster]Yoke \Yoke\ (y[=o]k), n. [OE. yok, [yogh]oc, AS. geoc; akin to
D. juk, OHG. joh, G. joch, Icel. & Sw. ok, Dan. aag, Goth.
juk, Lith. jungas, Russ. igo, L. jugum, Gr. zy`gon, Skr.
yuga, and to L. jungere to join, Gr. ?, Skr. yui. [root]109,
280. Cf. Join, Jougs, Joust, Jugular, Subjugate,
Syzygy, Yuga, Zeugma.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A bar or frame of wood by which two oxen are joined at the
heads or necks for working together.
[1913 Webster]

A yearling bullock to thy name shall smoke,
Untamed, unconscious of the galling yoke. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The modern yoke for oxen is usually a piece of timber
hollowed, or made curving, near each end, and laid on
the necks of the oxen, being secured in place by two
bows, one inclosing each neck, and fastened through the
timber. In some countries the yoke consists of a flat
piece of wood fastened to the foreheads of the oxen by
thongs about the horns.
[1913 Webster]

2. A frame or piece resembling a yoke, as in use or shape.
Specifically:
(a) A frame of wood fitted to a person's shoulders for
carrying pails, etc., suspended on each side; as, a
milkmaid's yoke.
(b) A frame worn on the neck of an animal, as a cow, a
pig, a goose, to prevent passage through a fence.
(c) A frame or convex piece by which a bell is hung for
ringing it. See Illust. of Bell.
(d) A crosspiece upon the head of a boat's rudder. To its
ends lines are attached which lead forward so that the
boat can be steered from amidships.
(e) (Mach.) A bent crosspiece connecting two other parts.
(f) (Arch.) A tie securing two timbers together, not used
for part of a regular truss, but serving a temporary
purpose, as to provide against unusual strain.
(g) (Dressmaking) A band shaped to fit the shoulders or
the hips, and joined to the upper full edge of the
waist or the skirt.
[1913 Webster]

3. Fig.: That which connects or binds; a chain; a link; a
bond connection.
[1913 Webster]

Boweth your neck under that blissful yoke . . .
Which that men clepeth spousal or wedlock.
--Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

This yoke of marriage from us both remove. --Dryden.
[1913 Webster]

4. A mark of servitude; hence, servitude; slavery; bondage;
service.
[1913 Webster]

Our country sinks beneath the yoke. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

My yoke is easy, and my burden is light. --Matt. xi.
30.
[1913 Webster]

5. Two animals yoked together; a couple; a pair that work
together.
[1913 Webster]

I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove
them. --Luke xiv.
19.
[1913 Webster]

6. The quantity of land plowed in a day by a yoke of oxen.
[Obs.] --Gardner.
[1913 Webster]

7. A portion of the working day; as, to work two yokes, that
is, to work both portions of the day, or morning and
afternoon. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell.
[1913 Webster]

8. (Chiefly Mach.) A clamp or similar piece that embraces two
other parts to hold or unite them in their respective or
relative positions, as a strap connecting a slide valve to
the valve stem, or the soft iron block or bar permanently
connecting the pole pieces of an electromagnet, as in a
dynamo.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

Neck yoke, Pig yoke. See under Neck, and Pig.

Yoke elm (Bot.), the European hornbeam ({Carpinus
Betulus}), a small tree with tough white wood, often used
for making yokes for cattle.
[1913 Webster]
Chrysomitris spinus
(gcide)		Pinefinch \Pine"finch`\ (p[imac]n"f[i^]nch`), n. (Zool.)
(a) A small American bird (Spinus spinus syn. {Chrysomitris
spinus}); -- called also pine siskin, and {American
siskin}.
(b) The pine grosbeak.
[1913 Webster]
Cytisus alpinus
(gcide)		Laburnum \La*bur"num\, n. [L.] (Bot.)
A small leguminous tree (Cytisus Laburnum), native of the
Alps. The plant is reputed to be poisonous, esp. the bark and
seeds. It has handsome racemes of yellow blossoms.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Scotch laburnum (Cytisus alpinus) is similar, but has
smooth leaves; purple laburnum is Cytisus purpureus.
[1913 Webster]
Dendroica pinus
(gcide)		Warbler \War"bler\, n.
1. One who, or that which, warbles; a singer; a songster; --
applied chiefly to birds.
[1913 Webster]

In lulling strains the feathered warblers woo.
--Tickell.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of small Old World
singing birds belonging to the family Sylviidae, many of
which are noted songsters. The bluethroat, blackcap, reed
warbler (see under Reed), and sedge warbler (see under
Sedge) are well-known species.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of small, often bright
colored, American singing birds of the family or subfamily
Mniotiltidae, or Sylvicolinae. They are allied to the
Old World warblers, but most of them are not particularly
musical.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The American warblers are often divided, according to
their habits, into bush warblers, creeping warblers,
fly-catching warblers, ground warblers, wood warblers,
wormeating warblers, etc.
[1913 Webster]

Bush warbler (Zool.) any American warbler of the genus
Opornis, as the Connecticut warbler (Opornis agilis).


Creeping warbler (Zool.), any one of several species of
very small American warblers belonging to Parula,
Mniotilta, and allied genera, as the blue yellow-backed
warbler (Parula Americana), and the black-and-white
creeper (Mniotilta varia).

Fly-catching warbler (Zool.), any one of several species of
warblers belonging to Setophaga, Sylvania, and allied
genera having the bill hooked and notched at the tip, with
strong rictal bristles at the base, as the hooded warbler
(Sylvania mitrata), the black-capped warbler ({Sylvania
pusilla}), the Canadian warbler (Sylvania Canadensis),
and the American redstart (see Redstart).

Ground warbler (Zool.), any American warbler of the genus
Geothlypis, as the mourning ground warbler ({Geothlypis
Philadelphia}), and the Maryland yellowthroat (see
Yellowthroat).

Wood warbler (Zool.), any one of numerous American warblers
of the genus Dendroica. Among the most common wood
warblers in the Eastern States are the yellowbird, or
yellow warbler (see under Yellow), the black-throated
green warbler (Dendroica virens), the yellow-rumped
warbler (Dendroica coronata), the blackpoll ({Dendroica
striata}), the bay-breasted warbler ({Dendroica
castanea}), the chestnut-sided warbler ({Dendroica
Pennsylvanica}), the Cape May warbler ({Dendroica
tigrina}), the prairie warbler (see under Prairie), and
the pine warbler (Dendroica pinus). See also {Magnolia
warbler}, under Magnolia, and Blackburnian warbler.
[1913 Webster]
Haematatopinus eurysternus
(gcide)		Cattle \Cat"tle\ (k[a^]t"t'l), n. pl. [OE. calet, chatel, goods,
property, OF. catel, chatel, LL. captale, capitale, goods,
property, esp. cattle, fr. L. capitals relating to the head,
chief; because in early ages beasts constituted the chief
part of a man's property. See Capital, and cf. Chattel.]
Quadrupeds of the Bovine family; sometimes, also, including
all domestic quadrupeds, as sheep, goats, horses, mules,
asses, and swine.
[1913 Webster]

Belted cattle, Black cattle. See under Belted, Black.


Cattle guard, a trench under a railroad track and alongside
a crossing (as of a public highway). It is intended to
prevent cattle from getting upon the track.

cattle louse (Zool.), any species of louse infecting
cattle. There are several species. The {H[ae]matatopinus
eurysternus} and H[ae]matatopinus vituli are common
species which suck blood; Trichodectes scalaris eats the
hair.

Cattle plague, the rinderpest; called also {Russian cattle
plague}.

Cattle range, or Cattle run, an open space through which
cattle may run or range. [U. S.] --Bartlett.

Cattle show, an exhibition of domestic animals with prizes
for the encouragement of stock breeding; -- usually
accompanied with the exhibition of other agricultural and
domestic products and of implements.
[1913 Webster]
Haematatopinus vituli
(gcide)		Cattle \Cat"tle\ (k[a^]t"t'l), n. pl. [OE. calet, chatel, goods,
property, OF. catel, chatel, LL. captale, capitale, goods,
property, esp. cattle, fr. L. capitals relating to the head,
chief; because in early ages beasts constituted the chief
part of a man's property. See Capital, and cf. Chattel.]
Quadrupeds of the Bovine family; sometimes, also, including
all domestic quadrupeds, as sheep, goats, horses, mules,
asses, and swine.
[1913 Webster]

Belted cattle, Black cattle. See under Belted, Black.


Cattle guard, a trench under a railroad track and alongside
a crossing (as of a public highway). It is intended to
prevent cattle from getting upon the track.

cattle louse (Zool.), any species of louse infecting
cattle. There are several species. The {H[ae]matatopinus
eurysternus} and H[ae]matatopinus vituli are common
species which suck blood; Trichodectes scalaris eats the
hair.

Cattle plague, the rinderpest; called also {Russian cattle
plague}.

Cattle range, or Cattle run, an open space through which
cattle may run or range. [U. S.] --Bartlett.

Cattle show, an exhibition of domestic animals with prizes
for the encouragement of stock breeding; -- usually
accompanied with the exhibition of other agricultural and
domestic products and of implements.
[1913 Webster]
Haematopinus piliferus
(gcide)		Dog \Dog\ (d[add]g or d[o^]g), n. [AS. docga; akin to D. dog
mastiff, Dan. dogge, Sw. dogg.]
1. (Zool.) A quadruped of the genus Canis, esp. the
domestic dog (Canis familiaris).

Note: The dog is distinguished above all others of the
inferior animals for intelligence, docility, and
attachment to man. There are numerous carefully bred
varieties, as the akita, beagle, bloodhound,
bulldog, coachdog, collie, Danish dog,
foxhound, greyhound, mastiff, pointer,
poodle, St. Bernard, setter, spaniel, spitz,
terrier, German shepherd, pit bull, Chihuahua,
etc. There are also many mixed breeds, and partially
domesticated varieties, as well as wild dogs, like the
dingo and dhole. (See these names in the Vocabulary.)
[1913 Webster +PJC]

2. A mean, worthless fellow; a wretch.
[1913 Webster]

What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he
should do this great thing? -- 2 Kings
viii. 13 (Rev.
Ver. )
[1913 Webster]

3. A fellow; -- used humorously or contemptuously; as, a sly
dog; a lazy dog. [Colloq.]
[1913 Webster]

4. (Astron.) One of the two constellations, Canis Major and
Canis Minor, or the Greater Dog and the Lesser Dog. Canis
Major contains the Dog Star (Sirius).
[1913 Webster]

5. An iron for holding wood in a fireplace; a firedog; an
andiron.
[1913 Webster]

6. (Mech.)
(a) A grappling iron, with a claw or claws, for fastening
into wood or other heavy articles, for the purpose of
raising or moving them.
(b) An iron with fangs fastening a log in a saw pit, or on
the carriage of a sawmill.
(c) A piece in machinery acting as a catch or clutch;
especially, the carrier of a lathe, also, an
adjustable stop to change motion, as in a machine
tool.
[1913 Webster]

7. an ugly or crude person, especially an ugly woman. [slang]
[PJC]

8. a hot dog. [slang]
[PJC]

Note: Dog is used adjectively or in composition, commonly in
the sense of relating to, or characteristic of, a dog.
It is also used to denote a male; as, dog fox or g-fox,
a male fox; dog otter or dog-otter, dog wolf, etc.; --
also to denote a thing of cheap or mean quality; as,
dog Latin.
[1913 Webster]

A dead dog, a thing of no use or value. --1 Sam. xxiv. 14.

A dog in the manger, an ugly-natured person who prevents
others from enjoying what would be an advantage to them
but is none to him.

Dog ape (Zool.), a male ape.

Dog cabbage, or Dog's cabbage (Bot.), a succulent herb,
native to the Mediterranean region ({Thelygonum
Cynocrambe}).

Dog cheap, very cheap. See under Cheap.

Dog ear (Arch.), an acroterium. [Colloq.]

Dog flea (Zool.), a species of flea (Pulex canis) which
infests dogs and cats, and is often troublesome to man. In
America it is the common flea. See Flea, and
Aphaniptera.

Dog grass (Bot.), a grass (Triticum caninum) of the same
genus as wheat.

Dog Latin, barbarous Latin; as, the dog Latin of pharmacy.


Dog lichen (Bot.), a kind of lichen (Peltigera canina)
growing on earth, rocks, and tree trunks, -- a lobed
expansion, dingy green above and whitish with fuscous
veins beneath.

Dog louse (Zool.), a louse that infests the dog, esp.
H[ae]matopinus piliferus; another species is
Trichodectes latus.

Dog power, a machine operated by the weight of a dog
traveling in a drum, or on an endless track, as for
churning.

Dog salmon (Zool.), a salmon of northwest America and
northern Asia; -- the gorbuscha; -- called also holia,
and hone.

Dog shark. (Zool.) See Dogfish.

Dog's meat, meat fit only for dogs; refuse; offal.

Dog Star. See in the Vocabulary.

Dog wheat (Bot.), Dog grass.

Dog whelk (Zool.), any species of univalve shells of the
family Nassid[ae], esp. the Nassa reticulata of
England.

To give to the dogs, or To throw to the dogs, to throw
away as useless. "Throw physic to the dogs; I'll none of
it." --Shak.

To go to the dogs, to go to ruin; to be ruined.
[1913 Webster]
Hesperomys gossypinus
(gcide)		Cotton \Cot"ton\ (k[o^]t"t'n), n. [F. coton, Sp. algodon the
cotton plant and its wool, coton printed cotton, cloth, fr.
Ar. qutun, alqutun, cotton wool. Cf. Acton, Hacqueton.]
1. A soft, downy substance, resembling fine wool, consisting
of the unicellular twisted hairs which grow on the seeds
of the cotton plant. Long-staple cotton has a fiber
sometimes almost two inches long; short-staple, from two
thirds of an inch to an inch and a half.
[1913 Webster]

2. The cotton plant. See Cotten plant, below.
[1913 Webster]

3. Cloth made of cotton.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Cotton is used as an adjective before many nouns in a
sense which commonly needs no explanation; as, cotton
bagging; cotton cloth; cotton goods; cotton industry;
cotton mill; cotton spinning; cotton tick.
[1913 Webster]

Cotton cambric. See Cambric, n., 2.

Cotton flannel, the manufactures' name for a heavy cotton
fabric, twilled, and with a long plush nap. In England it
is called swan's-down cotton, or Canton flannel.

Cotton gin, a machine to separate the seeds from cotton,
invented by Eli Whitney.

Cotton grass (Bot.), a genus of plants (Eriphorum) of the
Sedge family, having delicate capillary bristles
surrounding the fruit (seedlike achenia), which elongate
at maturity and resemble tufts of cotton.

Cotton mouse (Zool.), a field mouse ({Hesperomys
gossypinus}), injurious to cotton crops.

Cotton plant (Bot.), a plant of the genus Gossypium, of
several species, all growing in warm climates, and bearing
the cotton of commerce. The common species, originally
Asiatic, is Gossypium herbaceum.

Cotton press, a building and machinery in which cotton
bales are compressed into smaller bulk for shipment; a
press for baling cotton.

Cotton rose (Bot.), a genus of composite herbs (Filago),
covered with a white substance resembling cotton.

Cotton scale (Zool.), a species of bark louse ({Pulvinaria
innumerabilis}), which does great damage to the cotton
plant.

Cotton shrub. Same as Cotton plant.

Cotton stainer (Zool.), a species of hemipterous insect
(Dysdercus suturellus), which seriously damages growing
cotton by staining it; -- called also redbug.

Cotton thistle (Bot.), the Scotch thistle. See under
Thistle.

Cotton velvet, velvet in which the warp and woof are both
of cotton, and the pile is of silk; also, velvet made
wholly of cotton.

Cotton waste, the refuse of cotton mills.

Cotton wool, cotton in its raw or woolly state.

Cotton worm (Zool.), a lepidopterous insect ({Aletia
argillacea}), which in the larval state does great damage
to the cotton plant by eating the leaves. It also feeds on
corn, etc., and hence is often called corn worm, and
Southern army worm.
[1913 Webster]
Lupinus albus
(gcide)		Lupine \Lu"pine\, n. [L. lupinus, lupinum, apparently fr.
lupinus belonging to a wolf, fr. lupus a wolf; perh. so
called because it was supposed to exhaust the soil: cf. F.
lupin. Cf. Wolf.] (Bot.)
A leguminous plant of the genus Lupinus, especially
Lupinus albus, the seeds of which have been used for food
from ancient times. The common species of the Eastern United
States is Lupinus perennis. There are many species in
California.
[1913 Webster]Lupinine \Lu"pin*ine\, n. (Chem.)
An alkaloid found in several species of lupine ({Lupinus
luteus}, Lupinus albus, etc.), and extracted as a bitter
crystalline substance, having a formula C10H19NO. Called
also l-lupinine
[1913 Webster]

Note: Chemically it is a a bicyclic saturated quinolizine
[1-R-trans]-Octahydro-2H-quinolizine-1-methanol, with
the structure:
CH2OH | /\ H /\ / \|/ \ | | | | N | \ / \ / \/ \/
--[MI11]
[PJC]
Lupinus luteus
(gcide)		Lupinine \Lu"pin*ine\, n. (Chem.)
An alkaloid found in several species of lupine ({Lupinus
luteus}, Lupinus albus, etc.), and extracted as a bitter
crystalline substance, having a formula C10H19NO. Called
also l-lupinine
[1913 Webster]

Note: Chemically it is a a bicyclic saturated quinolizine
[1-R-trans]-Octahydro-2H-quinolizine-1-methanol, with
the structure:
CH2OH | /\ H /\ / \|/ \ | | | | N | \ / \ / \/ \/
--[MI11]
[PJC]
Lupinus perennis
(gcide)		Lupine \Lu"pine\, n. [L. lupinus, lupinum, apparently fr.
lupinus belonging to a wolf, fr. lupus a wolf; perh. so
called because it was supposed to exhaust the soil: cf. F.
lupin. Cf. Wolf.] (Bot.)
A leguminous plant of the genus Lupinus, especially
Lupinus albus, the seeds of which have been used for food
from ancient times. The common species of the Eastern United
States is Lupinus perennis. There are many species in
California.
[1913 Webster]
Murex tenuispinus
(gcide)		Venus \Ve"nus\ (v[=e]"n[u^]s), n. [L. Venus, -eris, the goddess
of love, the planet Venus.]
1. (Class. Myth.) The goddess of beauty and love, that is,
beauty or love deified.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Anat.) One of the planets, the second in order from the
sun, its orbit lying between that of Mercury and that of
the Earth, at a mean distance from the sun of about
67,000,000 miles. Its diameter is 7,700 miles, and its
sidereal period 224.7 days. As the morning star, it was
called by the ancients Lucifer; as the evening star,
Hesperus.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Alchem.) The metal copper; -- probably so designated from
the ancient use of the metal in making mirrors, a mirror
being still the astronomical symbol of the planet Venus.
[Archaic]
[1913 Webster]

4. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve
shells of the genus Venus or family Veneridae. Many of
these shells are large, and ornamented with beautiful
frills; others are smooth, glossy, and handsomely colored.
Some of the larger species, as the round clam, or quahog,
are valued for food.
[1913 Webster]

Venus's basin (Bot.), the wild teasel; -- so called because
the connate leaf bases form a kind of receptacle for
water, which was formerly gathered for use in the toilet.
Also called Venus's bath.

Venus's basket (Zool.), an elegant, cornucopia-shaped,
hexactinellid sponge (Euplectella speciosa) native of
the East Indies. It consists of glassy, transparent,
siliceous fibers interwoven and soldered together so as to
form a firm network, and has long, slender, divergent
anchoring fibers at the base by means of which it stands
erect in the soft mud at the bottom of the sea. Called
also Venus's flower basket, and Venus's purse.

Venus's comb.
(a) (Bot.) Same as Lady's comb.
(b) (Zool.) A species of Murex (Murex tenuispinus). It
has a long, tubular canal, with a row of long, slender
spines along both of its borders, and rows of similar
spines covering the body of the shell. Called also
Venus's shell.

Venus's fan (Zool.), a common reticulated, fanshaped
gorgonia (Gorgonia flabellum) native of Florida and the
West Indies. When fresh the color is purple or yellow, or
a mixture of the two.

Venus's flytrap. (Bot.) See Flytrap, 2.

Venus's girdle (Zool.), a long, flat, ribbonlike, very
delicate, transparent and iridescent ctenophore ({Cestum
Veneris}) which swims in the open sea. Its form is due to
the enormous development of two spheromeres. See Illust.
in Appendix.

Venus's hair (Bot.), a delicate and graceful fern
(Adiantum Capillus-Veneris) having a slender, black and
shining stem and branches.

Venus's hair stone (Min.), quartz penetrated by acicular
crystals of rutile.

Venus's looking-glass (Bot.), an annual plant of the genus
Specularia allied to the bellflower; -- also called
lady's looking-glass.

Venus's navelwort (Bot.), any one of several species of
Omphalodes, low boraginaceous herbs with small blue or
white flowers.

Venus's pride (Bot.), an old name for Quaker ladies. See
under Quaker.

Venus's purse. (Zool.) Same as Venus's basket, above.

Venus's shell. (Zool.)
(a) Any species of Cypraea; a cowrie.
(b) Same as Venus's comb, above.
(c) Same as Venus, 4.

Venus's slipper.
(a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Cypripedium. See
Lady's slipper.
(b) (Zool.) Any heteropod shell of the genus Carinaria.
See Carinaria.
[1913 Webster]
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Arizonica
(gcide)		Yellow \Yel"low\ (y[e^]l"l[-o]), a. [Compar. Yellower
(y[e^]l"l[-o]*[~e]r); superl. Yellowest.] [OE. yelow,
yelwe, [yogh]elow, [yogh]eoluw, from AS. geolu; akin to D.
geel, OS. & OHG. gelo, G. gelb, Icel. gulr, Sw. gul, Dan.
guul, L. helvus light bay, Gr. chlo`n young verdure, chlwro`s
greenish yellow, Skr. hari tawny, yellowish. [root]49. Cf.
Chlorine, Gall a bitter liquid, Gold, Yolk.]
1. Being of a bright saffronlike color; of the color of gold
or brass; having the hue of that part of the rainbow, or
of the solar spectrum, which is between the orange and the
green.
[1913 Webster]

Her yellow hair was browded [braided] in a tress.
--Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

A sweaty reaper from his tillage brought
First fruits, the green ear and the yellow sheaf.
--Milton.
[1913 Webster]

The line of yellow light dies fast away. --Keble.
[1913 Webster]

2. Cowardly; hence, dishonorable; mean; contemptible; as, he
has a yellow streak. [Slang]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

3. Sensational; -- said of some newspapers, their makers,
etc.; as, yellow journal, journalism, etc. [Colloq.]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

Yellow atrophy (Med.), a fatal affection of the liver, in
which it undergoes fatty degeneration, and becomes rapidly
smaller and of a deep yellow tinge. The marked symptoms
are black vomit, delirium, convulsions, coma, and
jaundice.

Yellow bark, calisaya bark.

Yellow bass (Zool.), a North American fresh-water bass
(Morone interrupta) native of the lower parts of the
Mississippi and its tributaries. It is yellow, with
several more or less broken black stripes or bars. Called
also barfish.

Yellow berry. (Bot.) Same as Persian berry, under
Persian.

Yellow boy, a gold coin, as a guinea. [Slang] --Arbuthnot.

Yellow brier. (Bot.) See under Brier.

Yellow bugle (Bot.), a European labiate plant ({Ajuga
Chamaepitys}).

Yellow bunting (Zool.), the European yellow-hammer.

Yellow cat (Zool.), a yellow catfish; especially, the
bashaw.

Yellow copperas (Min.), a hydrous sulphate of iron; --
called also copiapite.

Yellow copper ore, a sulphide of copper and iron; copper
pyrites. See Chalcopyrite.

Yellow cress (Bot.), a yellow-flowered, cruciferous plant
(Barbarea praecox), sometimes grown as a salad plant.

Yellow dock. (Bot.) See the Note under Dock.

Yellow earth, a yellowish clay, colored by iron, sometimes
used as a yellow pigment.

Yellow fever (Med.), a malignant, contagious, febrile
disease of warm climates, attended with jaundice,
producing a yellow color of the skin, and with the black
vomit. See Black vomit, in the Vocabulary.

Yellow flag, the quarantine flag. See under Quarantine,
and 3d Flag.

Yellow jack.
(a) The yellow fever. See under 2d Jack.
(b) The quarantine flag. See under Quarantine.

Yellow jacket (Zool.), any one of several species of
American social wasps of the genus Vespa, in which the
color of the body is partly bright yellow. These wasps are
noted for their irritability, and for their painful
stings.

Yellow lead ore (Min.), wulfenite.

Yellow lemur (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow macauco (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow mackerel (Zool.), the jurel.

Yellow metal. Same as Muntz metal, under Metal.

Yellow ocher (Min.), an impure, earthy variety of brown
iron ore, which is used as a pigment.

Yellow oxeye (Bot.), a yellow-flowered plant
(Chrysanthemum segetum) closely related to the oxeye
daisy.

Yellow perch (Zool.), the common American perch. See
Perch.

Yellow pike (Zool.), the wall-eye.

Yellow pine (Bot.), any of several kinds of pine; also,
their yellowish and generally durable timber. Among the
most common are valuable species are Pinus mitis and
Pinus palustris of the Eastern and Southern States, and
Pinus ponderosa and Pinus Arizonica of the Rocky
Mountains and Pacific States.

Yellow plover (Zool.), the golden plover.

Yellow precipitate (Med. Chem.), an oxide of mercury which
is thrown down as an amorphous yellow powder on adding
corrosive sublimate to limewater.

Yellow puccoon. (Bot.) Same as Orangeroot.

Yellow rail (Zool.), a small American rail ({Porzana
Noveboracensis}) in which the lower parts are dull yellow,
darkest on the breast. The back is streaked with brownish
yellow and with black, and spotted with white. Called also
yellow crake.

Yellow rattle, Yellow rocket. (Bot.) See under Rattle,
and Rocket.

Yellow Sally (Zool.), a greenish or yellowish European
stone fly of the genus Chloroperla; -- so called by
anglers.

Yellow sculpin (Zool.), the dragonet.

Yellow snake (Zool.), a West Indian boa ({Chilobothrus
inornatus}) common in Jamaica. It becomes from eight to
ten long. The body is yellowish or yellowish green, mixed
with black, and anteriorly with black lines.

Yellow spot.
(a) (Anat.) A small yellowish spot with a central pit, the
fovea centralis, in the center of the retina where
vision is most accurate. See Eye.
(b) (Zool.) A small American butterfly (Polites Peckius)
of the Skipper family. Its wings are brownish, with a
large, irregular, bright yellow spot on each of the
hind wings, most conspicuous beneath. Called also
Peck's skipper. See Illust. under Skipper, n., 5.


Yellow tit (Zool.), any one of several species of crested
titmice of the genus Machlolophus, native of India. The
predominating colors of the plumage are yellow and green.


Yellow viper (Zool.), the fer-de-lance.

Yellow warbler (Zool.), any one of several species of
American warblers of the genus Dendroica in which the
predominant color is yellow, especially {Dendroica
aestiva}, which is a very abundant and familiar species;
-- called also garden warbler, golden warbler, {summer
yellowbird}, summer warbler, and yellow-poll warbler.


Yellow wash (Pharm.), yellow oxide of mercury suspended in
water, -- a mixture prepared by adding corrosive sublimate
to limewater.

Yellow wren (Zool.)
(a) The European willow warbler.
(b) The European wood warbler.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus australis
(gcide)		Pine \Pine\, n. [AS. p[imac]n, L. pinus.]
1. (Bot.) Any tree of the coniferous genus Pinus. See
Pinus.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are about twenty-eight species in the United
States, of which the white pine (Pinus Strobus),
the Georgia pine (Pinus australis), the red pine
(Pinus resinosa), and the great West Coast {sugar
pine} (Pinus Lambertiana) are among the most
valuable. The Scotch pine or fir, also called
Norway or Riga pine (Pinus sylvestris), is the
only British species. The nut pine is any pine tree,
or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See
Pinon.
[1913 Webster] The spruces, firs, larches, and true
cedars, though formerly considered pines, are now
commonly assigned to other genera.
[1913 Webster]

2. The wood of the pine tree.
[1913 Webster]

3. A pineapple.
[1913 Webster]

Ground pine. (Bot.) See under Ground.

Norfolk Island pine (Bot.), a beautiful coniferous tree,
the Araucaria excelsa.

Pine barren, a tract of infertile land which is covered
with pines. [Southern U.S.]

Pine borer (Zool.), any beetle whose larv[ae] bore into
pine trees.

Pine finch. (Zool.) See Pinefinch, in the Vocabulary.

Pine grosbeak (Zool.), a large grosbeak ({Pinicola
enucleator}), which inhabits the northern parts of both
hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with
red.

Pine lizard (Zool.), a small, very active, mottled gray
lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), native of the Middle
States; -- called also swift, brown scorpion, and
alligator.

Pine marten. (Zool.)
(a) A European weasel (Mustela martes), called also
sweet marten, and yellow-breasted marten.
(b) The American sable. See Sable.

Pine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of small
tortricid moths of the genus Retinia, whose larv[ae]
burrow in the ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often
doing great damage.

Pine mouse (Zool.), an American wild mouse ({Arvicola
pinetorum}), native of the Middle States. It lives in pine
forests.

Pine needle (Bot.), one of the slender needle-shaped leaves
of a pine tree. See Pinus.

Pine-needle wool. See Pine wool (below).

Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir
and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors.


Pine snake (Zool.), a large harmless North American snake
(Pituophis melanoleucus). It is whitish, covered with
brown blotches having black margins. Called also {bull
snake}. The Western pine snake (Pituophis Sayi) is
chestnut-brown, mottled with black and orange.

Pine tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Pinus; pine.

Pine-tree money, money coined in Massachusetts in the
seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a
figure of a pine tree. The most noted variety is the {pine
tree shilling}.

Pine weevil (Zool.), any one of numerous species of weevils
whose larv[ae] bore in the wood of pine trees. Several
species are known in both Europe and America, belonging to
the genera Pissodes, Hylobius, etc.

Pine wool, a fiber obtained from pine needles by steaming
them. It is prepared on a large scale in some of the
Southern United States, and has many uses in the economic
arts; -- called also pine-needle wool, and {pine-wood
wool}.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Bahamensis
(gcide)		Loblolly \Lob"lol`ly\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
Gruel; porridge; -- so called among seamen.
[1913 Webster]

Loblolly bay (Bot.), an elegant white-flowered evergreen
shrub or small tree, of the genus Gordonia ({Gordonia
Lasianthus}), growing in the maritime parts of the
Southern United States. Its bark is sometimes used in
tanning. Also, a similar West Indian tree ({Laplacea
h[ae]matoxylon}).

Loblolly boy, a surgeon's attendant on shipboard.
--Smollett.

Loblolly pine (Bot.), a kind of pitch pine found from
Delaware southward along the coast; old field pine ({Pinus
T[ae]da}). Also, Pinus Bahamensis, of the West Indies.


Loblolly tree (Bot.), a name of several West Indian trees,
having more or less leathery foliage, but alike in no
other respect; as Pisonia subcordata, Cordia alba, and
Cupania glabra.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Cembra
(gcide)		Turpentine \Tur"pen*tine\ (t[^u]r"p[e^]n*t[imac]n), n. [F.
t['e]r['e]benthine, OF. also turbentine; cf. Pr. terebentina,
terbentina, It. terebentina, trementina; fr. L. terebinthinus
of the turpentine tree, from terebinthus the turpentine tree.
Gr. tere`binqos, te`rminqos. See Terebinth.]
A semifluid or fluid oleoresin, primarily the exudation of
the terebinth, or turpentine, tree (Pistacia Terebinthus),
a native of the Mediterranean region. It is also obtained
from many coniferous trees, especially species of pine,
larch, and fir.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are many varieties of turpentine. Chian
turpentine is produced in small quantities by the
turpentine tree (Pistacia Terebinthus). Venice,
Swiss, or larch turpentine, is obtained from {Larix
Europaea}. It is a clear, colorless balsam, having a
tendency to solidify. Canada turpentine, or Canada
balsam, is the purest of all the pine turpentines (see
under Balsam). The Carpathian and Hungarian varieties
are derived from Pinus Cembra and Pinus Mugho.
Carolina turpentine, the most abundant kind, comes from
the long-leaved pine (Pinus palustris). Strasburg
turpentine is from the silver fir (Abies pectinata).
[1913 Webster]

Oil of turpentine (Chem.), a colorless oily hydrocarbon,
C10H16, of a pleasant aromatic odor, obtained by the
distillation of crude turpentine. It is used in making
varnishes, in medicine, etc. It is the type of the
terpenes and is related to cymene. Called also
terebenthene, terpene, etc.

Turpentine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of
small tortricid moths whose larvae eat the tender shoots
of pine and fir trees, causing an exudation of pitch or
resin.

Turpentine tree (Bot.), the terebinth tree, the original
source of turpentine. See Turpentine, above.
[1913 Webster]Arolla \A*rol"la\ ([.a]*r[o^]l"l[.a]), n. [F. arolle.] (Bot.)
The stone pine (Pinus Cembra).
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Pinus contorta
(gcide)		lodgepole pine \lodgepole pine\ n.
A tall, narrow 2-needled pine (Pinus contorta) of the
coastal Northwestern U. S., having a red to yellow-brown bark
fissured into small squares and bearing egg-shaped cones.

Syn: shore pine, lodgepole pine, spruce pine, {Pinus
contorta}.
[WordNet 1.5]
Pinus Cubensis
(gcide)		Slash pine \Slash" pine"\ (Bot.)
A kind of pine tree (Pinus Cubensis) found in Southern
Florida and the West Indies; -- so called because it grows in
"slashes."
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Lambertiana
(gcide)		Lambert pine \Lam"bert pine`\n. [So called from Lambert, an
English botanist.] (Bot.)
The gigantic sugar pine of California and Oregon ({Pinus
Lambertiana}). It has the leaves in fives, and cones a foot
long. The timber is soft, and like that of the white pine of
the Eastern States.
[1913 Webster]Pine \Pine\, n. [AS. p[imac]n, L. pinus.]
1. (Bot.) Any tree of the coniferous genus Pinus. See
Pinus.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are about twenty-eight species in the United
States, of which the white pine (Pinus Strobus),
the Georgia pine (Pinus australis), the red pine
(Pinus resinosa), and the great West Coast {sugar
pine} (Pinus Lambertiana) are among the most
valuable. The Scotch pine or fir, also called
Norway or Riga pine (Pinus sylvestris), is the
only British species. The nut pine is any pine tree,
or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See
Pinon.
[1913 Webster] The spruces, firs, larches, and true
cedars, though formerly considered pines, are now
commonly assigned to other genera.
[1913 Webster]

2. The wood of the pine tree.
[1913 Webster]

3. A pineapple.
[1913 Webster]

Ground pine. (Bot.) See under Ground.

Norfolk Island pine (Bot.), a beautiful coniferous tree,
the Araucaria excelsa.

Pine barren, a tract of infertile land which is covered
with pines. [Southern U.S.]

Pine borer (Zool.), any beetle whose larv[ae] bore into
pine trees.

Pine finch. (Zool.) See Pinefinch, in the Vocabulary.

Pine grosbeak (Zool.), a large grosbeak ({Pinicola
enucleator}), which inhabits the northern parts of both
hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with
red.

Pine lizard (Zool.), a small, very active, mottled gray
lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), native of the Middle
States; -- called also swift, brown scorpion, and
alligator.

Pine marten. (Zool.)
(a) A European weasel (Mustela martes), called also
sweet marten, and yellow-breasted marten.
(b) The American sable. See Sable.

Pine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of small
tortricid moths of the genus Retinia, whose larv[ae]
burrow in the ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often
doing great damage.

Pine mouse (Zool.), an American wild mouse ({Arvicola
pinetorum}), native of the Middle States. It lives in pine
forests.

Pine needle (Bot.), one of the slender needle-shaped leaves
of a pine tree. See Pinus.

Pine-needle wool. See Pine wool (below).

Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir
and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors.


Pine snake (Zool.), a large harmless North American snake
(Pituophis melanoleucus). It is whitish, covered with
brown blotches having black margins. Called also {bull
snake}. The Western pine snake (Pituophis Sayi) is
chestnut-brown, mottled with black and orange.

Pine tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Pinus; pine.

Pine-tree money, money coined in Massachusetts in the
seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a
figure of a pine tree. The most noted variety is the {pine
tree shilling}.

Pine weevil (Zool.), any one of numerous species of weevils
whose larv[ae] bore in the wood of pine trees. Several
species are known in both Europe and America, belonging to
the genera Pissodes, Hylobius, etc.

Pine wool, a fiber obtained from pine needles by steaming
them. It is prepared on a large scale in some of the
Southern United States, and has many uses in the economic
arts; -- called also pine-needle wool, and {pine-wood
wool}.
[1913 Webster]Sugar \Sug"ar\, n. [OE. sugre, F. sucre (cf. It. zucchero, Sp.
az['u]car), fr. Ar. sukkar, assukkar, fr. Skr. [,c]arkar[=a]
sugar, gravel; cf. Per. shakar. Cf. Saccharine, Sucrose.]
1. A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance,
of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by
crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as
the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It
is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food
and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the
Note below.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The term sugar includes several commercial grades, as
the white or refined, granulated, loaf or lump, and the
raw brown or muscovado. In a more general sense, it
includes several distinct chemical compounds, as the
glucoses, or grape sugars (including glucose proper,
dextrose, and levulose), and the sucroses, or true
sugars (as cane sugar). All sugars are carbohydrates.
See Carbohydrate. The glucoses, or grape sugars, are
ketone alcohols of the formula C6H12O6, and they turn
the plane of polarization to the right or the left.
They are produced from the amyloses and sucroses, as by
the action of heat and acids of ferments, and are
themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol and
carbon dioxide. The only sugar (called acrose) as yet
produced artificially belongs to this class. The
sucroses, or cane sugars, are doubled glucose
anhydrides of the formula C12H22O11. They are usually
not fermentable as such (cf. Sucrose), and they act
on polarized light.
[1913 Webster]

2. By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or
appearance; as, sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous
white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.
[1913 Webster]

3. Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render
acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words.
[Colloq.]
[1913 Webster]

Acorn sugar. See Quercite.

Cane sugar, sugar made from the sugar cane; sucrose, or an
isomeric sugar. See Sucrose.

Diabetes sugar, or Diabetic sugar (Med. Chem.), a variety
of sugar (grape sugar or dextrose) excreted in the urine
in diabetes mellitus; -- the presence of such a sugar in
the urine is used to diagnose the illness.

Fruit sugar. See under Fruit, and Fructose.

Grape sugar, a sirupy or white crystalline sugar (dextrose
or glucose) found as a characteristic ingredient of ripe
grapes, and also produced from many other sources. See
Dextrose, and Glucose.

Invert sugar. See under Invert.

Malt sugar, a variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, found
in malt. See Maltose.

Manna sugar, a substance found in manna, resembling, but
distinct from, the sugars. See Mannite.

Milk sugar, a variety of sugar characteristic of fresh
milk, and isomeric with sucrose. See Lactose.

Muscle sugar, a sweet white crystalline substance isomeric
with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses. It is found
in the tissue of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called
also heart sugar. See Inosite.

Pine sugar. See Pinite.

Starch sugar (Com. Chem.), a variety of dextrose made by
the action of heat and acids on starch from corn,
potatoes, etc.; -- called also potato sugar, {corn
sugar}, and, inaccurately, invert sugar. See Dextrose,
and Glucose.

Sugar barek, one who refines sugar.

Sugar beet (Bot.), a variety of beet (Beta vulgaris) with
very large white roots, extensively grown, esp. in Europe,
for the sugar obtained from them.

Sugar berry (Bot.), the hackberry.

Sugar bird (Zool.), any one of several species of small
South American singing birds of the genera Coereba,
Dacnis, and allied genera belonging to the family
Coerebidae. They are allied to the honey eaters.

Sugar bush. See Sugar orchard.

Sugar camp, a place in or near a sugar orchard, where maple
sugar is made.

Sugar candian, sugar candy. [Obs.]

Sugar candy, sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized;
candy made from sugar.

Sugar cane (Bot.), a tall perennial grass ({Saccharum
officinarium}), with thick short-jointed stems. It has
been cultivated for ages as the principal source of sugar.


Sugar loaf.
(a) A loaf or mass of refined sugar, usually in the form
of a truncated cone.
(b) A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.
[1913 Webster]

Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that sugar
loaf? --J. Webster.
[1913 Webster]

Sugar maple (Bot.), the rock maple (Acer saccharinum).
See Maple.

Sugar mill, a machine for pressing out the juice of the
sugar cane, usually consisting of three or more rollers,
between which the cane is passed.

Sugar mite. (Zool.)
(a) A small mite (Tyroglyphus sacchari), often found in
great numbers in unrefined sugar.
(b) The lepisma.

Sugar of lead. See Sugar, 2, above.

Sugar of milk. See under Milk.

Sugar orchard, a collection of maple trees selected and
preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; --
called also, sometimes, sugar bush. [U.S.] --Bartlett.

Sugar pine (Bot.), an immense coniferous tree ({Pinus
Lambertiana}) of California and Oregon, furnishing a soft
and easily worked timber. The resinous exudation from the
stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been used as a
substitute for sugar.

Sugar squirrel (Zool.), an Australian flying phalanger
(Belideus sciureus), having a long bushy tail and a
large parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See
Illust. under Phlanger.

Sugar tongs, small tongs, as of silver, used at table for
taking lumps of sugar from a sugar bowl.

Sugar tree. (Bot.) See Sugar maple, above.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Lambertina
(gcide)		Pinite \Pi"nite\, n. [L. pinus the pine tree.]
1. (Paleon.) Any fossil wood which exhibits traces of having
belonged to the Pine family.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Chem.) A sweet white crystalline substance extracted from
the gum of a species of pine (Pinus Lambertina). It is
isomeric with, and resembles, quercite.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus mitis
(gcide)		Yellow \Yel"low\ (y[e^]l"l[-o]), a. [Compar. Yellower
(y[e^]l"l[-o]*[~e]r); superl. Yellowest.] [OE. yelow,
yelwe, [yogh]elow, [yogh]eoluw, from AS. geolu; akin to D.
geel, OS. & OHG. gelo, G. gelb, Icel. gulr, Sw. gul, Dan.
guul, L. helvus light bay, Gr. chlo`n young verdure, chlwro`s
greenish yellow, Skr. hari tawny, yellowish. [root]49. Cf.
Chlorine, Gall a bitter liquid, Gold, Yolk.]
1. Being of a bright saffronlike color; of the color of gold
or brass; having the hue of that part of the rainbow, or
of the solar spectrum, which is between the orange and the
green.
[1913 Webster]

Her yellow hair was browded [braided] in a tress.
--Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

A sweaty reaper from his tillage brought
First fruits, the green ear and the yellow sheaf.
--Milton.
[1913 Webster]

The line of yellow light dies fast away. --Keble.
[1913 Webster]

2. Cowardly; hence, dishonorable; mean; contemptible; as, he
has a yellow streak. [Slang]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

3. Sensational; -- said of some newspapers, their makers,
etc.; as, yellow journal, journalism, etc. [Colloq.]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

Yellow atrophy (Med.), a fatal affection of the liver, in
which it undergoes fatty degeneration, and becomes rapidly
smaller and of a deep yellow tinge. The marked symptoms
are black vomit, delirium, convulsions, coma, and
jaundice.

Yellow bark, calisaya bark.

Yellow bass (Zool.), a North American fresh-water bass
(Morone interrupta) native of the lower parts of the
Mississippi and its tributaries. It is yellow, with
several more or less broken black stripes or bars. Called
also barfish.

Yellow berry. (Bot.) Same as Persian berry, under
Persian.

Yellow boy, a gold coin, as a guinea. [Slang] --Arbuthnot.

Yellow brier. (Bot.) See under Brier.

Yellow bugle (Bot.), a European labiate plant ({Ajuga
Chamaepitys}).

Yellow bunting (Zool.), the European yellow-hammer.

Yellow cat (Zool.), a yellow catfish; especially, the
bashaw.

Yellow copperas (Min.), a hydrous sulphate of iron; --
called also copiapite.

Yellow copper ore, a sulphide of copper and iron; copper
pyrites. See Chalcopyrite.

Yellow cress (Bot.), a yellow-flowered, cruciferous plant
(Barbarea praecox), sometimes grown as a salad plant.

Yellow dock. (Bot.) See the Note under Dock.

Yellow earth, a yellowish clay, colored by iron, sometimes
used as a yellow pigment.

Yellow fever (Med.), a malignant, contagious, febrile
disease of warm climates, attended with jaundice,
producing a yellow color of the skin, and with the black
vomit. See Black vomit, in the Vocabulary.

Yellow flag, the quarantine flag. See under Quarantine,
and 3d Flag.

Yellow jack.
(a) The yellow fever. See under 2d Jack.
(b) The quarantine flag. See under Quarantine.

Yellow jacket (Zool.), any one of several species of
American social wasps of the genus Vespa, in which the
color of the body is partly bright yellow. These wasps are
noted for their irritability, and for their painful
stings.

Yellow lead ore (Min.), wulfenite.

Yellow lemur (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow macauco (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow mackerel (Zool.), the jurel.

Yellow metal. Same as Muntz metal, under Metal.

Yellow ocher (Min.), an impure, earthy variety of brown
iron ore, which is used as a pigment.

Yellow oxeye (Bot.), a yellow-flowered plant
(Chrysanthemum segetum) closely related to the oxeye
daisy.

Yellow perch (Zool.), the common American perch. See
Perch.

Yellow pike (Zool.), the wall-eye.

Yellow pine (Bot.), any of several kinds of pine; also,
their yellowish and generally durable timber. Among the
most common are valuable species are Pinus mitis and
Pinus palustris of the Eastern and Southern States, and
Pinus ponderosa and Pinus Arizonica of the Rocky
Mountains and Pacific States.

Yellow plover (Zool.), the golden plover.

Yellow precipitate (Med. Chem.), an oxide of mercury which
is thrown down as an amorphous yellow powder on adding
corrosive sublimate to limewater.

Yellow puccoon. (Bot.) Same as Orangeroot.

Yellow rail (Zool.), a small American rail ({Porzana
Noveboracensis}) in which the lower parts are dull yellow,
darkest on the breast. The back is streaked with brownish
yellow and with black, and spotted with white. Called also
yellow crake.

Yellow rattle, Yellow rocket. (Bot.) See under Rattle,
and Rocket.

Yellow Sally (Zool.), a greenish or yellowish European
stone fly of the genus Chloroperla; -- so called by
anglers.

Yellow sculpin (Zool.), the dragonet.

Yellow snake (Zool.), a West Indian boa ({Chilobothrus
inornatus}) common in Jamaica. It becomes from eight to
ten long. The body is yellowish or yellowish green, mixed
with black, and anteriorly with black lines.

Yellow spot.
(a) (Anat.) A small yellowish spot with a central pit, the
fovea centralis, in the center of the retina where
vision is most accurate. See Eye.
(b) (Zool.) A small American butterfly (Polites Peckius)
of the Skipper family. Its wings are brownish, with a
large, irregular, bright yellow spot on each of the
hind wings, most conspicuous beneath. Called also
Peck's skipper. See Illust. under Skipper, n., 5.


Yellow tit (Zool.), any one of several species of crested
titmice of the genus Machlolophus, native of India. The
predominating colors of the plumage are yellow and green.


Yellow viper (Zool.), the fer-de-lance.

Yellow warbler (Zool.), any one of several species of
American warblers of the genus Dendroica in which the
predominant color is yellow, especially {Dendroica
aestiva}, which is a very abundant and familiar species;
-- called also garden warbler, golden warbler, {summer
yellowbird}, summer warbler, and yellow-poll warbler.


Yellow wash (Pharm.), yellow oxide of mercury suspended in
water, -- a mixture prepared by adding corrosive sublimate
to limewater.

Yellow wren (Zool.)
(a) The European willow warbler.
(b) The European wood warbler.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Mugho
(gcide)		Turpentine \Tur"pen*tine\ (t[^u]r"p[e^]n*t[imac]n), n. [F.
t['e]r['e]benthine, OF. also turbentine; cf. Pr. terebentina,
terbentina, It. terebentina, trementina; fr. L. terebinthinus
of the turpentine tree, from terebinthus the turpentine tree.
Gr. tere`binqos, te`rminqos. See Terebinth.]
A semifluid or fluid oleoresin, primarily the exudation of
the terebinth, or turpentine, tree (Pistacia Terebinthus),
a native of the Mediterranean region. It is also obtained
from many coniferous trees, especially species of pine,
larch, and fir.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are many varieties of turpentine. Chian
turpentine is produced in small quantities by the
turpentine tree (Pistacia Terebinthus). Venice,
Swiss, or larch turpentine, is obtained from {Larix
Europaea}. It is a clear, colorless balsam, having a
tendency to solidify. Canada turpentine, or Canada
balsam, is the purest of all the pine turpentines (see
under Balsam). The Carpathian and Hungarian varieties
are derived from Pinus Cembra and Pinus Mugho.
Carolina turpentine, the most abundant kind, comes from
the long-leaved pine (Pinus palustris). Strasburg
turpentine is from the silver fir (Abies pectinata).
[1913 Webster]

Oil of turpentine (Chem.), a colorless oily hydrocarbon,
C10H16, of a pleasant aromatic odor, obtained by the
distillation of crude turpentine. It is used in making
varnishes, in medicine, etc. It is the type of the
terpenes and is related to cymene. Called also
terebenthene, terpene, etc.

Turpentine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of
small tortricid moths whose larvae eat the tender shoots
of pine and fir trees, causing an exudation of pitch or
resin.

Turpentine tree (Bot.), the terebinth tree, the original
source of turpentine. See Turpentine, above.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Murrayana
(gcide)		Tamarack \Tam"a*rack\, n. (Bot.)
(a) The American larch; also, the larch of Oregon and British
Columbia (Larix occidentalis). See Hackmatack, and
Larch.
(b) The black pine (Pinus Murrayana) of Alaska, California,
etc. It is a small tree with fine-grained wood.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus palustris
(gcide)		Turpentine \Tur"pen*tine\ (t[^u]r"p[e^]n*t[imac]n), n. [F.
t['e]r['e]benthine, OF. also turbentine; cf. Pr. terebentina,
terbentina, It. terebentina, trementina; fr. L. terebinthinus
of the turpentine tree, from terebinthus the turpentine tree.
Gr. tere`binqos, te`rminqos. See Terebinth.]
A semifluid or fluid oleoresin, primarily the exudation of
the terebinth, or turpentine, tree (Pistacia Terebinthus),
a native of the Mediterranean region. It is also obtained
from many coniferous trees, especially species of pine,
larch, and fir.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are many varieties of turpentine. Chian
turpentine is produced in small quantities by the
turpentine tree (Pistacia Terebinthus). Venice,
Swiss, or larch turpentine, is obtained from {Larix
Europaea}. It is a clear, colorless balsam, having a
tendency to solidify. Canada turpentine, or Canada
balsam, is the purest of all the pine turpentines (see
under Balsam). The Carpathian and Hungarian varieties
are derived from Pinus Cembra and Pinus Mugho.
Carolina turpentine, the most abundant kind, comes from
the long-leaved pine (Pinus palustris). Strasburg
turpentine is from the silver fir (Abies pectinata).
[1913 Webster]

Oil of turpentine (Chem.), a colorless oily hydrocarbon,
C10H16, of a pleasant aromatic odor, obtained by the
distillation of crude turpentine. It is used in making
varnishes, in medicine, etc. It is the type of the
terpenes and is related to cymene. Called also
terebenthene, terpene, etc.

Turpentine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of
small tortricid moths whose larvae eat the tender shoots
of pine and fir trees, causing an exudation of pitch or
resin.

Turpentine tree (Bot.), the terebinth tree, the original
source of turpentine. See Turpentine, above.
[1913 Webster]Yellow \Yel"low\ (y[e^]l"l[-o]), a. [Compar. Yellower
(y[e^]l"l[-o]*[~e]r); superl. Yellowest.] [OE. yelow,
yelwe, [yogh]elow, [yogh]eoluw, from AS. geolu; akin to D.
geel, OS. & OHG. gelo, G. gelb, Icel. gulr, Sw. gul, Dan.
guul, L. helvus light bay, Gr. chlo`n young verdure, chlwro`s
greenish yellow, Skr. hari tawny, yellowish. [root]49. Cf.
Chlorine, Gall a bitter liquid, Gold, Yolk.]
1. Being of a bright saffronlike color; of the color of gold
or brass; having the hue of that part of the rainbow, or
of the solar spectrum, which is between the orange and the
green.
[1913 Webster]

Her yellow hair was browded [braided] in a tress.
--Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

A sweaty reaper from his tillage brought
First fruits, the green ear and the yellow sheaf.
--Milton.
[1913 Webster]

The line of yellow light dies fast away. --Keble.
[1913 Webster]

2. Cowardly; hence, dishonorable; mean; contemptible; as, he
has a yellow streak. [Slang]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

3. Sensational; -- said of some newspapers, their makers,
etc.; as, yellow journal, journalism, etc. [Colloq.]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

Yellow atrophy (Med.), a fatal affection of the liver, in
which it undergoes fatty degeneration, and becomes rapidly
smaller and of a deep yellow tinge. The marked symptoms
are black vomit, delirium, convulsions, coma, and
jaundice.

Yellow bark, calisaya bark.

Yellow bass (Zool.), a North American fresh-water bass
(Morone interrupta) native of the lower parts of the
Mississippi and its tributaries. It is yellow, with
several more or less broken black stripes or bars. Called
also barfish.

Yellow berry. (Bot.) Same as Persian berry, under
Persian.

Yellow boy, a gold coin, as a guinea. [Slang] --Arbuthnot.

Yellow brier. (Bot.) See under Brier.

Yellow bugle (Bot.), a European labiate plant ({Ajuga
Chamaepitys}).

Yellow bunting (Zool.), the European yellow-hammer.

Yellow cat (Zool.), a yellow catfish; especially, the
bashaw.

Yellow copperas (Min.), a hydrous sulphate of iron; --
called also copiapite.

Yellow copper ore, a sulphide of copper and iron; copper
pyrites. See Chalcopyrite.

Yellow cress (Bot.), a yellow-flowered, cruciferous plant
(Barbarea praecox), sometimes grown as a salad plant.

Yellow dock. (Bot.) See the Note under Dock.

Yellow earth, a yellowish clay, colored by iron, sometimes
used as a yellow pigment.

Yellow fever (Med.), a malignant, contagious, febrile
disease of warm climates, attended with jaundice,
producing a yellow color of the skin, and with the black
vomit. See Black vomit, in the Vocabulary.

Yellow flag, the quarantine flag. See under Quarantine,
and 3d Flag.

Yellow jack.
(a) The yellow fever. See under 2d Jack.
(b) The quarantine flag. See under Quarantine.

Yellow jacket (Zool.), any one of several species of
American social wasps of the genus Vespa, in which the
color of the body is partly bright yellow. These wasps are
noted for their irritability, and for their painful
stings.

Yellow lead ore (Min.), wulfenite.

Yellow lemur (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow macauco (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow mackerel (Zool.), the jurel.

Yellow metal. Same as Muntz metal, under Metal.

Yellow ocher (Min.), an impure, earthy variety of brown
iron ore, which is used as a pigment.

Yellow oxeye (Bot.), a yellow-flowered plant
(Chrysanthemum segetum) closely related to the oxeye
daisy.

Yellow perch (Zool.), the common American perch. See
Perch.

Yellow pike (Zool.), the wall-eye.

Yellow pine (Bot.), any of several kinds of pine; also,
their yellowish and generally durable timber. Among the
most common are valuable species are Pinus mitis and
Pinus palustris of the Eastern and Southern States, and
Pinus ponderosa and Pinus Arizonica of the Rocky
Mountains and Pacific States.

Yellow plover (Zool.), the golden plover.

Yellow precipitate (Med. Chem.), an oxide of mercury which
is thrown down as an amorphous yellow powder on adding
corrosive sublimate to limewater.

Yellow puccoon. (Bot.) Same as Orangeroot.

Yellow rail (Zool.), a small American rail ({Porzana
Noveboracensis}) in which the lower parts are dull yellow,
darkest on the breast. The back is streaked with brownish
yellow and with black, and spotted with white. Called also
yellow crake.

Yellow rattle, Yellow rocket. (Bot.) See under Rattle,
and Rocket.

Yellow Sally (Zool.), a greenish or yellowish European
stone fly of the genus Chloroperla; -- so called by
anglers.

Yellow sculpin (Zool.), the dragonet.

Yellow snake (Zool.), a West Indian boa ({Chilobothrus
inornatus}) common in Jamaica. It becomes from eight to
ten long. The body is yellowish or yellowish green, mixed
with black, and anteriorly with black lines.

Yellow spot.
(a) (Anat.) A small yellowish spot with a central pit, the
fovea centralis, in the center of the retina where
vision is most accurate. See Eye.
(b) (Zool.) A small American butterfly (Polites Peckius)
of the Skipper family. Its wings are brownish, with a
large, irregular, bright yellow spot on each of the
hind wings, most conspicuous beneath. Called also
Peck's skipper. See Illust. under Skipper, n., 5.


Yellow tit (Zool.), any one of several species of crested
titmice of the genus Machlolophus, native of India. The
predominating colors of the plumage are yellow and green.


Yellow viper (Zool.), the fer-de-lance.

Yellow warbler (Zool.), any one of several species of
American warblers of the genus Dendroica in which the
predominant color is yellow, especially {Dendroica
aestiva}, which is a very abundant and familiar species;
-- called also garden warbler, golden warbler, {summer
yellowbird}, summer warbler, and yellow-poll warbler.


Yellow wash (Pharm.), yellow oxide of mercury suspended in
water, -- a mixture prepared by adding corrosive sublimate
to limewater.

Yellow wren (Zool.)
(a) The European willow warbler.
(b) The European wood warbler.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Parryana cembroides edulis and monophylla
(gcide)		Pinon \Pi[~n]"on\, n. [Sp. pi[~n]on.] (Bot.)
(a) The edible seed of several species of pine; also, the
tree producing such seeds, as Pinus Pinea of
Southern Europe, and {Pinus Parryana, cembroides,
edulis, and monophylla}, the nut pines of Western
North America.
(b) See Monkey's puzzle. [Written also pignon.]
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Pinaster
(gcide)		Pinaster \Pi*nas"ter\, n. [L., fr. pinus a pine.] (Bot.)
A species of pine (Pinus Pinaster) growing in Southern
Europe.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Pinea
(gcide)		Pinon \Pi[~n]"on\, n. [Sp. pi[~n]on.] (Bot.)
(a) The edible seed of several species of pine; also, the
tree producing such seeds, as Pinus Pinea of
Southern Europe, and {Pinus Parryana, cembroides,
edulis, and monophylla}, the nut pines of Western
North America.
(b) See Monkey's puzzle. [Written also pignon.]
[1913 Webster]
Pinus ponderosa
(gcide)		Yellow \Yel"low\ (y[e^]l"l[-o]), a. [Compar. Yellower
(y[e^]l"l[-o]*[~e]r); superl. Yellowest.] [OE. yelow,
yelwe, [yogh]elow, [yogh]eoluw, from AS. geolu; akin to D.
geel, OS. & OHG. gelo, G. gelb, Icel. gulr, Sw. gul, Dan.
guul, L. helvus light bay, Gr. chlo`n young verdure, chlwro`s
greenish yellow, Skr. hari tawny, yellowish. [root]49. Cf.
Chlorine, Gall a bitter liquid, Gold, Yolk.]
1. Being of a bright saffronlike color; of the color of gold
or brass; having the hue of that part of the rainbow, or
of the solar spectrum, which is between the orange and the
green.
[1913 Webster]

Her yellow hair was browded [braided] in a tress.
--Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

A sweaty reaper from his tillage brought
First fruits, the green ear and the yellow sheaf.
--Milton.
[1913 Webster]

The line of yellow light dies fast away. --Keble.
[1913 Webster]

2. Cowardly; hence, dishonorable; mean; contemptible; as, he
has a yellow streak. [Slang]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

3. Sensational; -- said of some newspapers, their makers,
etc.; as, yellow journal, journalism, etc. [Colloq.]
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

Yellow atrophy (Med.), a fatal affection of the liver, in
which it undergoes fatty degeneration, and becomes rapidly
smaller and of a deep yellow tinge. The marked symptoms
are black vomit, delirium, convulsions, coma, and
jaundice.

Yellow bark, calisaya bark.

Yellow bass (Zool.), a North American fresh-water bass
(Morone interrupta) native of the lower parts of the
Mississippi and its tributaries. It is yellow, with
several more or less broken black stripes or bars. Called
also barfish.

Yellow berry. (Bot.) Same as Persian berry, under
Persian.

Yellow boy, a gold coin, as a guinea. [Slang] --Arbuthnot.

Yellow brier. (Bot.) See under Brier.

Yellow bugle (Bot.), a European labiate plant ({Ajuga
Chamaepitys}).

Yellow bunting (Zool.), the European yellow-hammer.

Yellow cat (Zool.), a yellow catfish; especially, the
bashaw.

Yellow copperas (Min.), a hydrous sulphate of iron; --
called also copiapite.

Yellow copper ore, a sulphide of copper and iron; copper
pyrites. See Chalcopyrite.

Yellow cress (Bot.), a yellow-flowered, cruciferous plant
(Barbarea praecox), sometimes grown as a salad plant.

Yellow dock. (Bot.) See the Note under Dock.

Yellow earth, a yellowish clay, colored by iron, sometimes
used as a yellow pigment.

Yellow fever (Med.), a malignant, contagious, febrile
disease of warm climates, attended with jaundice,
producing a yellow color of the skin, and with the black
vomit. See Black vomit, in the Vocabulary.

Yellow flag, the quarantine flag. See under Quarantine,
and 3d Flag.

Yellow jack.
(a) The yellow fever. See under 2d Jack.
(b) The quarantine flag. See under Quarantine.

Yellow jacket (Zool.), any one of several species of
American social wasps of the genus Vespa, in which the
color of the body is partly bright yellow. These wasps are
noted for their irritability, and for their painful
stings.

Yellow lead ore (Min.), wulfenite.

Yellow lemur (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow macauco (Zool.), the kinkajou.

Yellow mackerel (Zool.), the jurel.

Yellow metal. Same as Muntz metal, under Metal.

Yellow ocher (Min.), an impure, earthy variety of brown
iron ore, which is used as a pigment.

Yellow oxeye (Bot.), a yellow-flowered plant
(Chrysanthemum segetum) closely related to the oxeye
daisy.

Yellow perch (Zool.), the common American perch. See
Perch.

Yellow pike (Zool.), the wall-eye.

Yellow pine (Bot.), any of several kinds of pine; also,
their yellowish and generally durable timber. Among the
most common are valuable species are Pinus mitis and
Pinus palustris of the Eastern and Southern States, and
Pinus ponderosa and Pinus Arizonica of the Rocky
Mountains and Pacific States.

Yellow plover (Zool.), the golden plover.

Yellow precipitate (Med. Chem.), an oxide of mercury which
is thrown down as an amorphous yellow powder on adding
corrosive sublimate to limewater.

Yellow puccoon. (Bot.) Same as Orangeroot.

Yellow rail (Zool.), a small American rail ({Porzana
Noveboracensis}) in which the lower parts are dull yellow,
darkest on the breast. The back is streaked with brownish
yellow and with black, and spotted with white. Called also
yellow crake.

Yellow rattle, Yellow rocket. (Bot.) See under Rattle,
and Rocket.

Yellow Sally (Zool.), a greenish or yellowish European
stone fly of the genus Chloroperla; -- so called by
anglers.

Yellow sculpin (Zool.), the dragonet.

Yellow snake (Zool.), a West Indian boa ({Chilobothrus
inornatus}) common in Jamaica. It becomes from eight to
ten long. The body is yellowish or yellowish green, mixed
with black, and anteriorly with black lines.

Yellow spot.
(a) (Anat.) A small yellowish spot with a central pit, the
fovea centralis, in the center of the retina where
vision is most accurate. See Eye.
(b) (Zool.) A small American butterfly (Polites Peckius)
of the Skipper family. Its wings are brownish, with a
large, irregular, bright yellow spot on each of the
hind wings, most conspicuous beneath. Called also
Peck's skipper. See Illust. under Skipper, n., 5.


Yellow tit (Zool.), any one of several species of crested
titmice of the genus Machlolophus, native of India. The
predominating colors of the plumage are yellow and green.


Yellow viper (Zool.), the fer-de-lance.

Yellow warbler (Zool.), any one of several species of
American warblers of the genus Dendroica in which the
predominant color is yellow, especially {Dendroica
aestiva}, which is a very abundant and familiar species;
-- called also garden warbler, golden warbler, {summer
yellowbird}, summer warbler, and yellow-poll warbler.


Yellow wash (Pharm.), yellow oxide of mercury suspended in
water, -- a mixture prepared by adding corrosive sublimate
to limewater.

Yellow wren (Zool.)
(a) The European willow warbler.
(b) The European wood warbler.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus resinosa
(gcide)		Pine \Pine\, n. [AS. p[imac]n, L. pinus.]
1. (Bot.) Any tree of the coniferous genus Pinus. See
Pinus.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are about twenty-eight species in the United
States, of which the white pine (Pinus Strobus),
the Georgia pine (Pinus australis), the red pine
(Pinus resinosa), and the great West Coast {sugar
pine} (Pinus Lambertiana) are among the most
valuable. The Scotch pine or fir, also called
Norway or Riga pine (Pinus sylvestris), is the
only British species. The nut pine is any pine tree,
or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See
Pinon.
[1913 Webster] The spruces, firs, larches, and true
cedars, though formerly considered pines, are now
commonly assigned to other genera.
[1913 Webster]

2. The wood of the pine tree.
[1913 Webster]

3. A pineapple.
[1913 Webster]

Ground pine. (Bot.) See under Ground.

Norfolk Island pine (Bot.), a beautiful coniferous tree,
the Araucaria excelsa.

Pine barren, a tract of infertile land which is covered
with pines. [Southern U.S.]

Pine borer (Zool.), any beetle whose larv[ae] bore into
pine trees.

Pine finch. (Zool.) See Pinefinch, in the Vocabulary.

Pine grosbeak (Zool.), a large grosbeak ({Pinicola
enucleator}), which inhabits the northern parts of both
hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with
red.

Pine lizard (Zool.), a small, very active, mottled gray
lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), native of the Middle
States; -- called also swift, brown scorpion, and
alligator.

Pine marten. (Zool.)
(a) A European weasel (Mustela martes), called also
sweet marten, and yellow-breasted marten.
(b) The American sable. See Sable.

Pine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of small
tortricid moths of the genus Retinia, whose larv[ae]
burrow in the ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often
doing great damage.

Pine mouse (Zool.), an American wild mouse ({Arvicola
pinetorum}), native of the Middle States. It lives in pine
forests.

Pine needle (Bot.), one of the slender needle-shaped leaves
of a pine tree. See Pinus.

Pine-needle wool. See Pine wool (below).

Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir
and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors.


Pine snake (Zool.), a large harmless North American snake
(Pituophis melanoleucus). It is whitish, covered with
brown blotches having black margins. Called also {bull
snake}. The Western pine snake (Pituophis Sayi) is
chestnut-brown, mottled with black and orange.

Pine tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Pinus; pine.

Pine-tree money, money coined in Massachusetts in the
seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a
figure of a pine tree. The most noted variety is the {pine
tree shilling}.

Pine weevil (Zool.), any one of numerous species of weevils
whose larv[ae] bore in the wood of pine trees. Several
species are known in both Europe and America, belonging to
the genera Pissodes, Hylobius, etc.

Pine wool, a fiber obtained from pine needles by steaming
them. It is prepared on a large scale in some of the
Southern United States, and has many uses in the economic
arts; -- called also pine-needle wool, and {pine-wood
wool}.
[1913 Webster]Red \Red\, a. [Compar. Redder (-d?r); superl. Reddest.] [OE.
red, reed, AS. re['a]d, re['o]d; akin to OS. r[=o]d, OFries.
r[=a]d, D. rood, G. roht, rot, OHG. r[=o]t, Dan. & Sw.
r["o]d, Icel. rau[eth]r, rj[=o][eth]r, Goth. r['a]uds, W.
rhudd, Armor. ruz, Ir. & Gael. ruadh, L. ruber, rufus, Gr.
'eryqro`s, Skr. rudhira, rohita; cf. L. rutilus. [root]113.
Cf. Erysipelas, Rouge, Rubric, Ruby, Ruddy,
Russet, Rust.]
Of the color of blood, or of a tint resembling that color; of
the hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar
spectrum, which is furthest from the violet part. "Fresh
flowers, white and reede." --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

Your color, I warrant you, is as red as any rose.
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Red is a general term, including many different shades
or hues, as scarlet, crimson, vermilion, orange red,
and the like.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Red is often used in the formation of self-explaining
compounds; as, red-breasted, red-cheeked, red-faced,
red-haired, red-headed, red-skinned, red-tailed,
red-topped, red-whiskered, red-coasted.
[1913 Webster]

Red admiral (Zool.), a beautiful butterfly ({Vanessa
Atalanta}) common in both Europe and America. The front
wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva
feeds on nettles. Called also Atalanta butterfly, and
nettle butterfly.

Red ant. (Zool.)
(a) A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests
houses.
(b) A larger reddish ant (Formica sanguinea), native of
Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making
species.

Red antimony (Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral
(b), under Kermes.

Red ash (Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens),
smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber.
--Cray.

Red bass. (Zool.) See Redfish
(d) .

Red bay (Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the
heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United
States.

Red beard (Zool.), a bright red sponge ({Microciona
prolifera}), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local,
U.S.]

Red birch (Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra)
having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored
wood. --Gray.

Red blindness. (Med.) See Daltonism.

Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in
the service of the state. [Eng.]

Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are
registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam
in the time of Henry II. --Brande & C.

Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and
three of zinc.

Red bug. (Zool.)
(a) A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and
produces great irritation by its bites.
(b) A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris,
especially the European species (Pyrrhocoris apterus),
which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree
trunks.
(c) See Cotton stainder, under Cotton.

Red cedar. (Bot.) An evergreen North American tree
(Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored
heartwood.
(b) A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having
fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in
India.

Red horse. (Zool.)
(a) Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially
Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species.
(b) See the Note under Drumfish.

Red lead.
(Chem) See under Lead, and Minium.

Red-lead ore. (Min.) Same as Crocoite.

Red liquor (Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of
aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of
dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used
originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant.


Red maggot (Zool.), the larva of the wheat midge.

Red manganese. (Min.) Same as Rhodochrosite.

Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his
color.

Red maple (Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See
Maple.

Red mite. (Zool.) See Red spider, below.

Red mulberry (Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple
color (Morus rubra).

Red mullet (Zool.), the surmullet. See Mullet.

Red ocher (Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a
reddish color.

Red perch (Zool.), the rosefish.

Red phosphorus. (Chem.) See under Phosphorus.

Red pine (Bot.), an American species of pine ({Pinus
resinosa}); -- so named from its reddish bark.

Red precipitate. See under Precipitate.

Red Republican (European Politics), originally, one who
maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, --
because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an
extreme radical in social reform. [Cant]

Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England.


Red sanders. (Bot.) See Sanders.

Red sandstone. (Geol.) See under Sandstone.

Red scale (Zool.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii)
very injurious to the orange tree in California and
Australia.

Red silver (Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or
reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red
silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver.

Red snapper (Zool.), a large fish (Lutjanus aya syn.
Lutjanus Blackfordii) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and
about the Florida reefs.

Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga
(Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of
scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions.

Red softening (Med.) a form of cerebral softening in which
the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to
infarction or inflammation.

Red spider (Zool.), a very small web-spinning mite
(Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often
destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those
cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly
on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn
yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red.
Called also red mite.

Red squirrel (Zool.), the chickaree.

Red tape,
(a) the tape used in public offices for tying up documents,
etc. Hence,
(b) official formality and delay; excessive bureaucratic
paperwork.

Red underwing (Zool.), any species of noctuid moths
belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous
species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under
wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange.

Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an
appearance like blood in the urine.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus rigida
(gcide)		Pitch \Pitch\, n. [OE. pich, AS. pic, L. pix; akin to Gr. ?.]
1. A thick, black, lustrous, and sticky substance obtained by
boiling down tar. It is used in calking the seams of
ships; also in coating rope, canvas, wood, ironwork, etc.,
to preserve them.
[1913 Webster]

He that toucheth pitch shall be defiled therewith.
--Ecclus.
xiii. 1.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Geol.) See Pitchstone.
[1913 Webster]

Amboyna pitch, the resin of Dammara australis. See
Kauri.

Burgundy pitch. See under Burgundy.

Canada pitch, the resinous exudation of the hemlock tree
(Abies Canadensis); hemlock gum.

Jew's pitch, bitumen.

Mineral pitch. See Bitumen and Asphalt.

Pitch coal (Min.), bituminous coal.

Pitch peat (Min.), a black homogeneous peat, with a waxy
luster.

Pitch pine (Bot.), any one of several species of pine,
yielding pitch, esp. the Pinus rigida of North America.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus sabiniana
(gcide)		Abietene \Ab"i*e*tene\, n. [L. abies, abietis, a fir tree.]
A volatile oil distilled from the resin or balsam of the nut
pine (Pinus sabiniana) of California.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Strobus
(gcide)		Pine \Pine\, n. [AS. p[imac]n, L. pinus.]
1. (Bot.) Any tree of the coniferous genus Pinus. See
Pinus.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are about twenty-eight species in the United
States, of which the white pine (Pinus Strobus),
the Georgia pine (Pinus australis), the red pine
(Pinus resinosa), and the great West Coast {sugar
pine} (Pinus Lambertiana) are among the most
valuable. The Scotch pine or fir, also called
Norway or Riga pine (Pinus sylvestris), is the
only British species. The nut pine is any pine tree,
or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See
Pinon.
[1913 Webster] The spruces, firs, larches, and true
cedars, though formerly considered pines, are now
commonly assigned to other genera.
[1913 Webster]

2. The wood of the pine tree.
[1913 Webster]

3. A pineapple.
[1913 Webster]

Ground pine. (Bot.) See under Ground.

Norfolk Island pine (Bot.), a beautiful coniferous tree,
the Araucaria excelsa.

Pine barren, a tract of infertile land which is covered
with pines. [Southern U.S.]

Pine borer (Zool.), any beetle whose larv[ae] bore into
pine trees.

Pine finch. (Zool.) See Pinefinch, in the Vocabulary.

Pine grosbeak (Zool.), a large grosbeak ({Pinicola
enucleator}), which inhabits the northern parts of both
hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with
red.

Pine lizard (Zool.), a small, very active, mottled gray
lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), native of the Middle
States; -- called also swift, brown scorpion, and
alligator.

Pine marten. (Zool.)
(a) A European weasel (Mustela martes), called also
sweet marten, and yellow-breasted marten.
(b) The American sable. See Sable.

Pine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of small
tortricid moths of the genus Retinia, whose larv[ae]
burrow in the ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often
doing great damage.

Pine mouse (Zool.), an American wild mouse ({Arvicola
pinetorum}), native of the Middle States. It lives in pine
forests.

Pine needle (Bot.), one of the slender needle-shaped leaves
of a pine tree. See Pinus.

Pine-needle wool. See Pine wool (below).

Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir
and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors.


Pine snake (Zool.), a large harmless North American snake
(Pituophis melanoleucus). It is whitish, covered with
brown blotches having black margins. Called also {bull
snake}. The Western pine snake (Pituophis Sayi) is
chestnut-brown, mottled with black and orange.

Pine tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Pinus; pine.

Pine-tree money, money coined in Massachusetts in the
seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a
figure of a pine tree. The most noted variety is the {pine
tree shilling}.

Pine weevil (Zool.), any one of numerous species of weevils
whose larv[ae] bore in the wood of pine trees. Several
species are known in both Europe and America, belonging to
the genera Pissodes, Hylobius, etc.

Pine wool, a fiber obtained from pine needles by steaming
them. It is prepared on a large scale in some of the
Southern United States, and has many uses in the economic
arts; -- called also pine-needle wool, and {pine-wood
wool}.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus sylvestris
(gcide)		Pine \Pine\, n. [AS. p[imac]n, L. pinus.]
1. (Bot.) Any tree of the coniferous genus Pinus. See
Pinus.
[1913 Webster]

Note: There are about twenty-eight species in the United
States, of which the white pine (Pinus Strobus),
the Georgia pine (Pinus australis), the red pine
(Pinus resinosa), and the great West Coast {sugar
pine} (Pinus Lambertiana) are among the most
valuable. The Scotch pine or fir, also called
Norway or Riga pine (Pinus sylvestris), is the
only British species. The nut pine is any pine tree,
or species of pine, which bears large edible seeds. See
Pinon.
[1913 Webster] The spruces, firs, larches, and true
cedars, though formerly considered pines, are now
commonly assigned to other genera.
[1913 Webster]

2. The wood of the pine tree.
[1913 Webster]

3. A pineapple.
[1913 Webster]

Ground pine. (Bot.) See under Ground.

Norfolk Island pine (Bot.), a beautiful coniferous tree,
the Araucaria excelsa.

Pine barren, a tract of infertile land which is covered
with pines. [Southern U.S.]

Pine borer (Zool.), any beetle whose larv[ae] bore into
pine trees.

Pine finch. (Zool.) See Pinefinch, in the Vocabulary.

Pine grosbeak (Zool.), a large grosbeak ({Pinicola
enucleator}), which inhabits the northern parts of both
hemispheres. The adult male is more or less tinged with
red.

Pine lizard (Zool.), a small, very active, mottled gray
lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), native of the Middle
States; -- called also swift, brown scorpion, and
alligator.

Pine marten. (Zool.)
(a) A European weasel (Mustela martes), called also
sweet marten, and yellow-breasted marten.
(b) The American sable. See Sable.

Pine moth (Zool.), any one of several species of small
tortricid moths of the genus Retinia, whose larv[ae]
burrow in the ends of the branchlets of pine trees, often
doing great damage.

Pine mouse (Zool.), an American wild mouse ({Arvicola
pinetorum}), native of the Middle States. It lives in pine
forests.

Pine needle (Bot.), one of the slender needle-shaped leaves
of a pine tree. See Pinus.

Pine-needle wool. See Pine wool (below).

Pine oil, an oil resembling turpentine, obtained from fir
and pine trees, and used in making varnishes and colors.


Pine snake (Zool.), a large harmless North American snake
(Pituophis melanoleucus). It is whitish, covered with
brown blotches having black margins. Called also {bull
snake}. The Western pine snake (Pituophis Sayi) is
chestnut-brown, mottled with black and orange.

Pine tree (Bot.), a tree of the genus Pinus; pine.

Pine-tree money, money coined in Massachusetts in the
seventeenth century, and so called from its bearing a
figure of a pine tree. The most noted variety is the {pine
tree shilling}.

Pine weevil (Zool.), any one of numerous species of weevils
whose larv[ae] bore in the wood of pine trees. Several
species are known in both Europe and America, belonging to
the genera Pissodes, Hylobius, etc.

Pine wool, a fiber obtained from pine needles by steaming
them. It is prepared on a large scale in some of the
Southern United States, and has many uses in the economic
arts; -- called also pine-needle wool, and {pine-wood
wool}.
[1913 Webster]Riga fir \Ri"ga fir`\, [So called from Riga, a city in Russia.]
(Bot.)
A species of pine (Pinus sylvestris), and its wood, which
affords a valuable timber; -- called also Scotch pine, and
red deal or yellow deal. It grows in all parts of Europe,
in the Caucasus, and in Siberia.
[1913 Webster]Sylvic \Syl"vic\, a. (Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or resembling, pine or its products;
specifically, designating an acid called also abeitic acid,
which is the chief ingredient of common resin (obtained from
Pinus sylvestris, and other species).
[1913 Webster]Vegetable \Veg`e*ta*ble\, a. [F. v['e]g['e]table growing,
capable of growing, formerly also, as a noun, a vegetable,
from L. vegetabilis enlivening, from vegetare to enliven,
invigorate, quicken, vegetus enlivened, vigorous, active,
vegere to quicken, arouse, to be lively, akin to vigere to be
lively, to thrive, vigil watchful, awake, and probably to E.
wake, v. See Vigil, Wake, v.]
[1913 Webster]
1. Of or pertaining to plants; having the nature of, or
produced by, plants; as, a vegetable nature; vegetable
growths, juices, etc.
[1913 Webster]

Blooming ambrosial fruit
Of vegetable gold. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]

2. Consisting of, or comprising, plants; as, the vegetable
kingdom.
[1913 Webster]

Vegetable alkali (Chem.), an alkaloid.

Vegetable brimstone. (Bot.) See Vegetable sulphur, below.


Vegetable butter (Bot.), a name of several kinds of
concrete vegetable oil; as that produced by the Indian
butter tree, the African shea tree, and the {Pentadesma
butyracea}, a tree of the order Guttiferae, also
African. Still another kind is pressed from the seeds of
cocoa (Theobroma).

Vegetable flannel, a textile material, manufactured in
Germany from pine-needle wool, a down or fiber obtained
from the leaves of the Pinus sylvestris.

Vegetable ivory. See Ivory nut, under Ivory.

Vegetable jelly. See Pectin.

Vegetable kingdom. (Nat. Hist.) See the last Phrase, below.


Vegetable leather.
(a) (Bot.) A shrubby West Indian spurge ({Euphorbia
punicea}), with leathery foliage and crimson bracts.
(b) See Vegetable leather, under Leather.

Vegetable marrow (Bot.), an egg-shaped gourd, commonly
eight to ten inches long. It is noted for the very tender
quality of its flesh, and is a favorite culinary vegetable
in England. It has been said to be of Persian origin, but
is now thought to have been derived from a form of the
American pumpkin.

Vegetable oyster (Bot.), the oyster plant. See under
Oyster.

Vegetable parchment, papyrine.

Vegetable sheep (Bot.), a white woolly plant ({Raoulia
eximia}) of New Zealand, which grows in the form of large
fleecy cushions on the mountains.

Vegetable silk, a cottonlike, fibrous material obtained
from the coating of the seeds of a Brazilian tree
(Chorisia speciosa). It is used for various purposes, as
for stuffing cushions, and the like, but is incapable of
being spun on account of a want of cohesion among the
fibers.

Vegetable sponge. See 1st Loof.

Vegetable sulphur, the fine and highly inflammable spores
of the club moss (Lycopodium clavatum); witch meal.

Vegetable tallow, a substance resembling tallow, obtained
from various plants; as, Chinese vegetable tallow,
obtained from the seeds of the tallow tree. {Indian
vegetable tallow} is a name sometimes given to piney
tallow.

Vegetable wax, a waxy excretion on the leaves or fruits of
certain plants, as the bayberry.
[1913 Webster]
[1913 Webster]

Vegetable kingdom (Nat. Hist.), that primary division of
living things which includes all plants. The classes of
the vegetable kingdom have been grouped differently by
various botanists. The following is one of the best of the
many arrangements of the principal subdivisions.
[1913 Webster] I. Phaenogamia (called also
Phanerogamia). Plants having distinct flowers and true
seeds. [ 1. Dicotyledons (called also Exogens). --
Seeds with two or more cotyledons. Stems with the pith,
woody fiber, and bark concentrically arranged. Divided
into two subclasses: Angiosperms, having the woody fiber
interspersed with dotted or annular ducts, and the seeds
contained in a true ovary; Gymnosperms, having few or no
ducts in the woody fiber, and the seeds naked. 2.
Monocotyledons (called also Endogens). -- Seeds with
single cotyledon. Stems with slender bundles of woody
fiber not concentrically arranged, and with no true bark.]
[1913 Webster] II. Cryptogamia. Plants without true
flowers, and reproduced by minute spores of various kinds,
or by simple cell division. [ 1. Acrogens. -- Plants
usually with distinct stems and leaves, existing in two
alternate conditions, one of which is nonsexual and
sporophoric, the other sexual and oophoric. Divided into
Vascular Acrogens, or Pteridophyta, having the
sporophoric plant conspicuous and consisting partly of
vascular tissue, as in Ferns, Lycopods, and Equiseta, and
Cellular Acrogens, or Bryophyta, having the sexual
plant most conspicuous, but destitute of vascular tissue,
as in Mosses and Scale Mosses. 2. Thallogens. -- Plants
without distinct stem and leaves, consisting of a simple
or branched mass of cellular tissue, or reduced to a
single cell. Reproduction effected variously. Divided into
Algae, which contain chlorophyll or its equivalent, and
which live upon air and water, and Fungi, which contain
no chlorophyll, and live on organic matter. (Lichens are
now believed to be fungi parasitic on included algae.]
[1913 Webster]

Note: Many botanists divide the Phaenogamia primarily into
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms, and the latter into
Dicotyledons and Monocotyledons. Others consider
Pteridophyta and Bryophyta to be separate classes.
Thallogens are variously divided by different writers,
and the places for diatoms, slime molds, and stoneworts
are altogether uncertain.
[1913 Webster] For definitions, see these names in the
Vocabulary.
[1913 Webster]
Pinus Taeda
(gcide)		Loblolly \Lob"lol`ly\, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
Gruel; porridge; -- so called among seamen.
[1913 Webster]

Loblolly bay (Bot.), an elegant white-flowered evergreen
shrub or small tree, of the genus Gordonia ({Gordonia
Lasianthus}), growing in the maritime parts of the
Southern United States. Its bark is sometimes used in
tanning. Also, a similar West Indian tree ({Laplacea
h[ae]matoxylon}).

Loblolly boy, a surgeon's attendant on shipboard.
--Smollett.

Loblolly pine (Bot.), a kind of pitch pine found from
Delaware southward along the coast; old field pine ({Pinus
T[ae]da}). Also, Pinus Bahamensis, of the West Indies.


Loblolly tree (Bot.), a name of several West Indian trees,
having more or less leathery foliage, but alike in no
other respect; as Pisonia subcordata, Cordia alba, and
Cupania glabra.
[1913 Webster]
Ploceus Philippinus
(gcide)		Baya \Ba"ya\, n. [Native name.] (Zool.)
The East Indian weaver bird (Ploceus Philippinus).
[1913 Webster] Bayad
Salvelinus alpinus
(gcide)		Saibling \Sai"bling\, n. [Dial. G.] (Zool.)
A European mountain trout (Salvelinus alpinus); -- called
also Bavarian charr.
[1913 Webster]
Sebastodes paucispinus
(gcide)		Jack \Jack\ (j[a^]k), n. [F. Jacques James, L. Jacobus, Gr. ?,
Heb. Ya 'aq[=o]b Jacob; prop., seizing by the heel; hence, a
supplanter. Cf. Jacobite, Jockey.]
[1913 Webster]
1. A familiar nickname of, or substitute for, John.
[1913 Webster]

You are John Rugby, and you are Jack Rugby. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

2. An impertinent or silly fellow; a simpleton; a boor; a
clown; also, a servant; a rustic. "Jack fool." --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

Since every Jack became a gentleman,
There 's many a gentle person made a Jack. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

3. A popular colloquial name for a sailor; -- called also
Jack tar, and Jack afloat.
[1913 Webster]

4. A mechanical contrivance, an auxiliary machine, or a
subordinate part of a machine, rendering convenient
service, and often supplying the place of a boy or
attendant who was commonly called Jack; as:
(a) A device to pull off boots.
(b) A sawhorse or sawbuck.
(c) A machine or contrivance for turning a spit; a smoke
jack, or kitchen jack.
(b) (Mining) A wooden wedge for separating rocks rent by
blasting.
(e) (Knitting Machine) A lever for depressing the sinkers
which push the loops down on the needles.
(f) (Warping Machine) A grating to separate and guide the
threads; a heck box.
(g) (Spinning) A machine for twisting the sliver as it
leaves the carding machine.
(h) A compact, portable machine for planing metal.
(i) A machine for slicking or pebbling leather.
(k) A system of gearing driven by a horse power, for
multiplying speed.
(l) A hood or other device placed over a chimney or vent
pipe, to prevent a back draught.
(m) In the harpsichord, an intermediate piece
communicating the action of the key to the quill; --
called also hopper.
(n) In hunting, the pan or frame holding the fuel of the
torch used to attract game at night; also, the light
itself. --C. Hallock.
[1913 Webster]

5. A portable machine variously constructed, for exerting
great pressure, or lifting or moving a heavy body such as
an automobile through a small distance. It consists of a
lever, screw, rack and pinion, hydraulic press, or any
simple combination of mechanical powers, working in a
compact pedestal or support and operated by a lever,
crank, capstan bar, etc. The name is often given to a
jackscrew, which is a kind of jack.
[1913 Webster]

6. The small bowl used as a mark in the game of bowls.
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]

Like an uninstructed bowler who thinks to attain the
jack by delivering his bowl straight forward upon
it. --Sir W.
Scott.
[1913 Webster]

7. The male of certain animals, as of the ass.
[1913 Webster]

8. (Zool.)
(a) A young pike; a pickerel.
(b) The jurel.
(c) A large, California rock fish ({Sebastodes
paucispinus}); -- called also boccaccio, and
m['e]rou.
(d) The wall-eyed pike.
[1913 Webster]

9. A drinking measure holding half a pint; also, one holding
a quarter of a pint. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell.
[1913 Webster]

10. (Naut.)
(a) A flag, containing only the union, without the fly,
usually hoisted on a jack staff at the bowsprit cap;
-- called also union jack. The American jack is a
small blue flag, with a star for each State.
(b) A bar of iron athwart ships at a topgallant masthead,
to support a royal mast, and give spread to the royal
shrouds; -- called also jack crosstree. --R. H.
Dana, Jr.
[1913 Webster]

11. The knave of a suit of playing cards.

12. (pl.) A game played with small (metallic, with
tetrahedrally oriented spikes) objects (the jacks(1950+),
formerly jackstones) that are tossed, caught, picked up,
and arranged on a horizontal surface in various patterns;
in the modern American game, the movements are
accompanied by tossing or bouncing a rubber ball on the
horizontal surface supporting the jacks. same as
jackstones.
[PJC]

13. Money. [slang]
[PJC]

14. Apple jack.
[PJC]

15. Brandy.
[PJC]

Note: Jack is used adjectively in various senses. It
sometimes designates something cut short or diminished
in size; as, a jack timber; a jack rafter; a jack arch,
etc.
[1913 Webster]

Jack arch, an arch of the thickness of one brick.

Jack back (Brewing & Malt Vinegar Manuf.), a cistern which
receives the wort. See under 1st Back.

Jack block (Naut.), a block fixed in the topgallant or
royal rigging, used for raising and lowering light masts
and spars.

Jack boots, boots reaching above the knee; -- worn in the
17 century by soldiers; afterwards by fishermen, etc.

Jack crosstree. (Naut.) See 10, b, above.

Jack curlew (Zool.), the whimbrel.

Jack frame. (Cotton Spinning) See 4
(g), above.

Jack Frost, frost or cold weather personified as a
mischievous person.

Jack hare, a male hare. --Cowper.

Jack lamp, a lamp for still hunting and camp use. See def.
4
(n.), above.

Jack plane, a joiner's plane used for coarse work.

Jack post, one of the posts which support the crank shaft
of a deep-well-boring apparatus.

Jack pot (Poker Playing), the name given to the stakes,
contributions to which are made by each player
successively, till such a hand is turned as shall take the
"pot," which is the sum total of all the bets. See also
jackpot.

Jack rabbit (Zool.), any one of several species of large
American hares, having very large ears and long legs. The
California species (Lepus Californicus), and that of
Texas and New Mexico (Lepus callotis), have the tail
black above, and the ears black at the tip. They do not
become white in winter. The more northern prairie hare
(Lepus campestris) has the upper side of the tail white,
and in winter its fur becomes nearly white.

Jack rafter (Arch.), in England, one of the shorter rafters
used in constructing a hip or valley roof; in the United
States, any secondary roof timber, as the common rafters
resting on purlins in a trussed roof; also, one of the
pieces simulating extended rafters, used under the eaves
in some styles of building.

Jack salmon (Zool.), the wall-eyed pike, or glasseye.

Jack sauce, an impudent fellow. [Colloq. & Obs.]

Jack shaft (Mach.), the first intermediate shaft, in a
factory or mill, which receives power, through belts or
gearing, from a prime mover, and transmits it, by the same
means, to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft.

Jack sinker (Knitting Mach.), a thin iron plate operated by
the jack to depress the loop of thread between two
needles.

Jack snipe. (Zool.) See in the Vocabulary.

Jack staff (Naut.), a staff fixed on the bowsprit cap, upon
which the jack is hoisted.

Jack timber (Arch.), any timber, as a rafter, rib, or
studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the
others.

Jack towel, a towel hung on a roller for common use.

Jack truss (Arch.), in a hip roof, a minor truss used where
the roof has not its full section.

Jack tree. (Bot.) See 1st Jack, n.

Jack yard (Naut.), a short spar to extend a topsail beyond
the gaff.
[1913 Webster]

Blue jack, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper.

Hydraulic jack, a jack used for lifting, pulling, or
forcing, consisting of a compact portable hydrostatic
press, with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply
of liquid, as oil.

Jack-at-a-pinch.
(a) One called upon to take the place of another in an
emergency.
(b) An itinerant parson who conducts an occasional
service for a fee.

Jack-at-all-trades, one who can turn his hand to any kind
of work.

Jack-by-the-hedge (Bot.), a plant of the genus Erysimum
(Erysimum alliaria, or Alliaria officinalis), which
grows under hedges. It bears a white flower and has a
taste not unlike garlic. Called also, in England,
sauce-alone. --Eng. Cyc.

Jack-in-office, an insolent fellow in authority. --Wolcott.

Jack-in-the-bush (Bot.), a tropical shrub with red fruit
(Cordia Cylindrostachya).

Jack-in-the-green, a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework
of boughs, carried in Mayday processions.

Jack-of-the-buttery (Bot.), the stonecrop (Sedum acre).


Jack-of-the-clock, a figure, usually of a man, on old
clocks, which struck the time on the bell.

Jack-on-both-sides, one who is or tries to be neutral.

Jack-out-of-office, one who has been in office and is
turned out. --Shak.

Jack the Giant Killer, the hero of a well-known nursery
story.

Yellow Jack (Naut.), the yellow fever; also, the quarantine
flag. See Yellow flag, under Flag.
[1913 Webster]
Spinus pinus
(gcide)		Siskin \Sis"kin\, n. [Dan. sisgen; cf. Sw. siska, G. zeisig, D.
sijsje; of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. czy[zdot].] (Zool.)
(a) A small green and yellow European finch (Spinus spinus,
or Carduelis spinus); -- called also aberdevine.
(b) The American pinefinch (Spinus pinus); -- called also
pine siskin. See Pinefinch.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The name is applied also to several other related
species found in Asia and South America.
[1913 Webster]

Siskin green, a delicate shade of yellowish green, as in
the mineral torbernite.
[1913 Webster]
Spinus spinus
(gcide)		Siskin \Sis"kin\, n. [Dan. sisgen; cf. Sw. siska, G. zeisig, D.
sijsje; of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. czy[zdot].] (Zool.)
(a) A small green and yellow European finch (Spinus spinus,
or Carduelis spinus); -- called also aberdevine.
(b) The American pinefinch (Spinus pinus); -- called also
pine siskin. See Pinefinch.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The name is applied also to several other related
species found in Asia and South America.
[1913 Webster]

Siskin green, a delicate shade of yellowish green, as in
the mineral torbernite.
[1913 Webster]Pinefinch \Pine"finch`\ (p[imac]n"f[i^]nch`), n. (Zool.)
(a) A small American bird (Spinus spinus syn. {Chrysomitris
spinus}); -- called also pine siskin, and {American
siskin}.
(b) The pine grosbeak.
[1913 Webster]
Spinus tristis
(gcide)		Goldfinch \Gold"finch`\, n. [AS. goldfinc. See Gold, and
Finch.] (Zool.)
(a) A beautiful bright-colored European finch ({Carduelis
elegans}). The name refers to the large patch of yellow
on the wings. The front of the head and throat are bright
red; the nape, with part of the wings and tail, black; --
called also goldspink, goldie, fool's coat,
drawbird, draw-water, thistle finch, and {sweet
William}.
(b) The yellow-hammer.
(c) A small American finch (Spinus tristis); the thistle
bird.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The name is also applied to other yellow finches, esp.
to several additional American species of Spinus.
[1913 Webster]Thistle \This"tle\, n. [OE. thistil, AS. [thorn]istel; akin to
D. & G. distel, OHG. distila, distil, Icel. [thorn]istill,
Sw. tistel, Dan. tidsel; of uncertain origin.] (Bot.)
Any one of several prickly composite plants, especially those
of the genera Cnicus, Craduus, and Onopordon. The name
is often also applied to other prickly plants.
[1913 Webster]

Blessed thistle, Carduus benedictus, so named because it
was formerly considered an antidote to the bite of
venomous creatures.

Bull thistle, Cnicus lanceolatus, the common large
thistle of neglected pastures.

Canada thistle, Cnicus arvensis, a native of Europe, but
introduced into the United States from Canada.

Cotton thistle, Onopordon Acanthium.

Fuller's thistle, the teasel.

Globe thistle, Melon thistle, etc. See under Globe,
Melon, etc.

Pine thistle, Atractylis gummifera, a native of the
Mediterranean region. A vicid gum resin flows from the
involucre.

Scotch thistle, either the cotton thistle, or the musk
thistle, or the spear thistle; -- all used national
emblems of Scotland.

Sow thistle, Sonchus oleraceus.

Spear thistle. Same as Bull thistle.

Star thistle, a species of Centaurea. See Centaurea.

Torch thistle, a candelabra-shaped plant of the genus
Cereus. See Cereus.

Yellow thistle, Cincus horridulus.
[1913 Webster]

Thistle bird (Zool.), the American goldfinch, or
yellow-bird (Spinus tristis); -- so called on account of
its feeding on the seeds of thistles. See Illust. under
Goldfinch.

Thistle butterfly (Zool.), a handsomely colored American
butterfly (Vanessa cardui) whose larva feeds upon
thistles; -- called also painted lady.

Thistle cock (Zool.), the corn bunting ({Emberiza
militaria}). [Prov. Eng.]

Thistle crown, a gold coin of England of the reign of James
I., worth four shillings.

Thistle finch (Zool.), the goldfinch; -- so called from its
fondness for thistle seeds. [Prov. Eng.]

Thistle funnel, a funnel having a bulging body and flaring
mouth.
[1913 Webster]
alopius vulpinus
(wn)		Alopius vulpinus
n 1: large pelagic shark of warm seas with a whiplike tail used
to round up small fish on which to feed [syn: thresher,
thrasher, thresher shark, fox shark, {Alopius
vulpinus}]
astragalus alpinus
(wn)		Astragalus alpinus
n 1: perennial of mountainous areas of Eurasia and North America
[syn: alpine milk vetch, Astragalus alpinus]
carduelis spinus
(wn)		Carduelis spinus
n 1: small yellow-and-black Eurasian finch with a sharp beak
[syn: siskin, Carduelis spinus]
carpinus
(wn)		Carpinus
n 1: mostly deciduous monoecious trees or shrubs: hornbeams;
sometimes placed in subfamily Carpinaceae [syn: Carpinus,
genus Carpinus]
carpinus betulus
(wn)		Carpinus betulus
n 1: medium-sized Old World tree with smooth grey bark and
leaves like beech that turn yellow-orange in autumn [syn:
European hornbeam, Carpinus betulus]
carpinus caroliniana
(wn)		Carpinus caroliniana
n 1: tree or large shrub with grey bark and blue-green leaves
that turn red-orange in autumn [syn: American hornbeam,
Carpinus caroliniana]
cuon alpinus
(wn)		Cuon alpinus
n 1: fierce wild dog of the forests of central and southeast
Asia that hunts in packs [syn: dhole, Cuon alpinus]
genus carpinus
(wn)		genus Carpinus
n 1: mostly deciduous monoecious trees or shrubs: hornbeams;
sometimes placed in subfamily Carpinaceae [syn: Carpinus,
genus Carpinus]
genus lupinus
(wn)		genus Lupinus
n 1: herbs or shrubs: lupin [syn: Lupinus, genus Lupinus]
genus pinus
(wn)		genus Pinus
n 1: type genus of the Pinaceae: large genus of true pines [syn:
Pinus, genus Pinus]
genus spinus
(wn)		genus Spinus
n 1: in some classifications considered a subgenus of Carduelis:
siskins and New World goldfinches [syn: Spinus, {genus
Spinus}]
lupinus
(wn)		Lupinus
n 1: herbs or shrubs: lupin [syn: Lupinus, genus Lupinus]
lupinus albus
(wn)		Lupinus albus
n 1: white-flowered Eurasian herb widely cultivated for forage
and erosion control [syn: white lupine, field lupine,
wolf bean, Egyptian lupine, Lupinus albus]
lupinus arboreus
(wn)		Lupinus arboreus
n 1: evergreen shrub of the Pacific coast of the United States
having showy yellow or blue flowers; naturalized in
Australia [syn: tree lupine, Lupinus arboreus]
lupinus luteus
(wn)		Lupinus luteus
n 1: yellow-flowered European lupine cultivated for forage [syn:
yellow lupine, Lupinus luteus]
lupinus perennis
(wn)		Lupinus perennis
n 1: stout perennial of eastern and central North America having
palmate leaves and showy racemose blue flowers [syn: {wild
lupine}, sundial lupine, Indian beet, {old-maid's
bonnet}, Lupinus perennis]
lupinus subcarnosus
(wn)		Lupinus subcarnosus
n 1: low-growing annual herb of southwestern United States
(Texas) having silky foliage and blue flowers; a leading
cause of livestock poisoning in the southwestern United
States [syn: bluebonnet, buffalo clover, {Texas
bluebonnet}, Lupinus subcarnosus]
lupinus texensis
(wn)		Lupinus texensis
n 1: closely resembles Lupinus subcarnosus; southwestern United
States (Texas) [syn: Texas bluebonnet, {Lupinus
texensis}]
peromyscus gossypinus
(wn)		Peromyscus gossypinus
n 1: large dark mouse of southeastern United States [syn:
cotton mouse, Peromyscus gossypinus]
phyllocladus alpinus
(wn)		Phyllocladus alpinus
n 1: small shrubby celery pine of New Zealand [syn: {Alpine
celery pine}, Phyllocladus alpinus]
pinus
(wn)		Pinus
n 1: type genus of the Pinaceae: large genus of true pines [syn:
Pinus, genus Pinus]
pinus albicaulis
(wn)		Pinus albicaulis
n 1: small pine of western North America; having smooth grey-
white bark and soft brittle wood; similar to limber pine
[syn: whitebark pine, whitebarked pine, {Pinus
albicaulis}]
pinus aristata
(wn)		Pinus aristata
n 1: small slow-growing upland pine of western United States
(Rocky Mountains) having dense branches with fissured rust-
brown bark and short needles in bunches of 5 and thorn-
tipped cone scales; among the oldest living things some
over 4500 years old [syn: bristlecone pine, {Rocky
Mountain bristlecone pine}, Pinus aristata]
pinus attenuata
(wn)		Pinus attenuata
n 1: medium-sized three-needled pine of the Pacific coast of the
United States having a prominent knob on each scale of the
cone [syn: knobcone pine, Pinus attenuata]

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