| slovo | definícia |
hierarchy
(mass) | hierarchy
- hierarchia |
hierarchy
(encz) | hierarchy,hierarchie n: |
Hierarchy
(gcide) | Hierarchy \Hi"er*arch`y\ (h[imac]"[~e]r*[aum]rk`[y^]), n.; pl.
Hierarchies (h[imac]"[~e]r*[aum]rk`[i^]z). [Gr.
'ierarchi`a: cf. F. hi['e]rarchie.]
1. Dominion or authority in sacred things.
[1913 Webster]
2. A body of officials disposed organically in ranks and
orders each subordinate to the one above it; a body of
ecclesiastical rulers.
[1913 Webster]
3. A form of government administered in the church by
patriarchs, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, and, in
an inferior degree, by priests. --Shipley.
[1913 Webster]
4. A rank or order of holy beings.
[1913 Webster]
Standards and gonfalons . . . for distinction serve
Of hierarchies, of orders, and degrees. --Milton.
5. (Math., Logic, Computers) Any group of objects ranked so
that every one but the topmost is subordinate to a
specified one above it; also, the entire set of ordering
relations between such objects. The ordering relation
between each object and the one above is called a
hierarchical relation.
Note: Classification schemes, as in biology, usually form
hierarchies.
[PJC] |
hierarchy
(wn) | hierarchy
n 1: a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a
system; "put honesty first in her hierarchy of values"
2: the organization of people at different ranks in an
administrative body [syn: hierarchy, power structure,
pecking order] |
hierarchy
(foldoc) | hierarchy
An organisation with few things, or one thing, at the top and
with several things below each other thing. An inverted tree
structure. Examples in computing include a directory
hierarchy where each directory may contain files or other
directories; a hierarchical network (see {hierarchical
routing}), a class hierarchy in {object-oriented
programming}.
(1994-10-11)
|
HIERARCHY
(bouvier) | HIERARCHY, eccl. law. A hierarchy signified, originally, power of the
priest; for in the beginning of societies, the priests were entrusted with
all the power but, among the priests themselves, there were different
degrees of power and authority, at the summit of which was the sovereign
pontiff, and this was called the hierarchy. Now it signifies, not so much
the power of the priests as the border of power.
|
| | podobné slovo | definícia |
celestial hierarchy
(encz) | celestial hierarchy, n: |
data hierarchy
(encz) | data hierarchy, n: |
Hierarchy
(gcide) | Hierarchy \Hi"er*arch`y\ (h[imac]"[~e]r*[aum]rk`[y^]), n.; pl.
Hierarchies (h[imac]"[~e]r*[aum]rk`[i^]z). [Gr.
'ierarchi`a: cf. F. hi['e]rarchie.]
1. Dominion or authority in sacred things.
[1913 Webster]
2. A body of officials disposed organically in ranks and
orders each subordinate to the one above it; a body of
ecclesiastical rulers.
[1913 Webster]
3. A form of government administered in the church by
patriarchs, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, and, in
an inferior degree, by priests. --Shipley.
[1913 Webster]
4. A rank or order of holy beings.
[1913 Webster]
Standards and gonfalons . . . for distinction serve
Of hierarchies, of orders, and degrees. --Milton.
5. (Math., Logic, Computers) Any group of objects ranked so
that every one but the topmost is subordinate to a
specified one above it; also, the entire set of ordering
relations between such objects. The ordering relation
between each object and the one above is called a
hierarchical relation.
Note: Classification schemes, as in biology, usually form
hierarchies.
[PJC] |
celestial hierarchy
(wn) | celestial hierarchy
n 1: the collective body of angels |
data hierarchy
(wn) | data hierarchy
n 1: an arrangement of data consisting of sets and subsets such
that every subset of a set is of lower rank than the set |
a language encouraging program hierarchy
(foldoc) | A Language Encouraging Program Hierarchy
(ALEPH) A language developed in about 1975.
["On the Design of ALEPH", D. Grune, CWI, Netherlands 1986].
(1997-02-27)
|
class hierarchy
(foldoc) | class hierarchy
base class
derived class
subclass
superclass
In object-oriented programming, a set of classes
related by inheritance. Each class is a "subclass" of another
class - its "superclass". The subclass contains all the features
of its superclass, but may add new features or redefine existing
features. The features of a class are the set of attributes (or
"properties") that an object of that class has and the methods
that can be invoked on it.
If each class has a just one superclass, this is called {single
inheritance}. The opposite is multiple inheritance, under which
a class may have multiple superclasses. Single inheritance gives
the class hierarchy a tree structure whereas multiple
inheritance gives a directed graph. Typically there is one
class at the top of the hierarchy which is the "object" class, the
most general class that is an ancestor of all others and which has
no superclass.
In computing, as in genealogy, trees grow downwards, which is why
subclasses are considered to be "below" their superclasses.
When invoking a method on an object, the method is first
looked for in the object's class, then the superclass of that
class, and so on up the hierarchy until it is found. Thus a class
need only define those methods which are specific to it and it
will inherit all other methods from all its superclasses. An
object of the subclass can do everything that an object of the
superclass can and possible more.
C++ calls the superclass the "base class" and the subclass the
"derived class" (not to be confused with a derived type).
(2014-09-06)
|
data hierarchy
(foldoc) | data hierarchy
The system of data objects which provide the methods for
information storage and retrieval. Broadly, a data
hierarchy may be considered to be either natural, which arises
from the alphabet or syntax of the language in which the
information is expressed, or machine, which reflects the
facilities of the computer, both hardware and software.
A natural data hierarchy might consist of bits,
characters, words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, and
chapters. One might use components bound to an application,
such as field, record, and file, and these would ordinarily be
further specified by having data descriptors such as name
field, address field, etc. On the other hand, a machine or
software system might use bit, byte, word, block,
partition, channel, and port.
Programming languages often provide types or objects which
can create data hierarchies of arbitrary complexity, thus
allowing software system designers to model language
structures described by the linguist to greater or lesser
degree.
The distinction between the natural form of data and the
facilities provided by the machine may be obscure, because
users force their needs into the molds provided, and
programmers change machine designs. As an example, the
natural data type "character" and the machine type "byte" are
often used interchangeably, because the latter has evolved to
meet the need of representing the former.
(1995-11-03)
|
filesystem hierarchy standard
(foldoc) | Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
FHS
(FHS) A standard designed to be used by
Unix distribution developers, package developers, and
system implementors.
FHS consists of a set of requirements and guidelines for
file and directory placement under UNIX-like {operating
systems}.
The guidelines are intended to support interoperability of
applications, system administration tools, development tools,
and scripts. These systems should also be supported with
greater documentation uniformity.
The standard is primarily intended to be a reference and is
not a tutorial on how to manage a Unix filesystem or directory
hierarchy.
(http://pathname.com/fhs/).
{RedHat deviation
(http://redhat.com/corp/support/manuals/RHL-6.0-Manual/install-guide/manual/doc084.html)}.
(2001-05-24)
|
plesiochronous digital hierarchy
(foldoc) | Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PDH
(PDH) A transmission system for voice
communication using plesiochronous synchronisation.
PDH is the conventional multiplexing technology for network
transmission systems. The transmitter adds dummy information
bits to allow multiple channels to be bit interleaved. The
receiver discards these bits once the signals have been
demultiplexed.
PDH combines multiple 2 Mb/s (E1) channels in Europe and
1.544 Mb/s (DS1) channels in the US and Japan.
PDH is being replaced by SONET and other SDH ({Synchronous
Digital Hierarchy}) schemes.
(2003-09-30)
|
synchronous digital hierarchy
(foldoc) | Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDH
(SDH) An international digital
telecommunications network hierarchy which standardises
transmission around the bit rate of 51.84 megabits per second,
which is also called STS-1. Multiples of this bit rate
comprise higher bit rate streams. Thus STS-3 is 3 times
STS-1, STS-12 is 12 times STS-1, and so on. STS-3 is the
lowest bit rate expected to carry ATM traffic, and is also
referred to as STM-1 (Synchronous Transport Module-Level 1).
The SDH specifies how payload data is framed and transported
synchronously across optical fibre transmission links without
requiring all the links and nodes to have the same
synchronized clock for data transmission and recovery
(i.e. both the clock frequency and phase are allowed to have
variations, or be plesiochronous).
SDH offers several advantages over the current multiplexing
technology, which is known as {Plesiochronous Digital
Hierarchy}. Where PDH lacks built-in facilities for automatic
management and routing, and locks users into proprietary
methods, SDH can improve network reliability and performance,
offers much greater flexibility and lower operating and
maintenance costs, and provides for a faster provision of new
services.
Under SDH, incoming traffic is synchronized and enhanced with
network management bits before being multiplexed into the
STM-1 fixed rate frame.
The fundamental clock frequency around which the SDH or
SONET framing is done is 8 KHz or 125 microseconds.
SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) is the American version
of SDH.
(1995-03-02)
|
HIERARCHY
(bouvier) | HIERARCHY, eccl. law. A hierarchy signified, originally, power of the
priest; for in the beginning of societies, the priests were entrusted with
all the power but, among the priests themselves, there were different
degrees of power and authority, at the summit of which was the sovereign
pontiff, and this was called the hierarchy. Now it signifies, not so much
the power of the priests as the border of power.
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