| podobné slovo | definícia |
architectures
(encz) | architectures,architektury n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
classical architecture
(encz) | classical architecture, n: |
computer architecture
(encz) | computer architecture, n: |
cytoarchitecture
(encz) | cytoarchitecture, n: |
landscape architecture
(encz) | landscape architecture, n: |
microarchitecture
(encz) | microarchitecture,mikro-architektura n: Zdeněk Brož |
microarchitectures
(encz) | microarchitectures,mikro-architektury n: pl. Zdeněk Brož |
network architecture
(encz) | network architecture, n: |
style of architecture
(encz) | style of architecture, n: |
type of architecture
(encz) | type of architecture, n: |
high speed digital processor architecture
(czen) | High Speed Digital Processor Architecture,HIPRA[zkr.] [voj.] Zdeněk
Brož a automatický překlad |
Architecture
(gcide) | Architecture \Ar"chi*tec`ture\ (?; 135), n. [L. architectura,
fr. architectus: cf. F. architecture. See Architect.]
1. The art or science of building; especially, the art of
building houses, churches, bridges, and other structures,
for the purposes of civil life; -- often called civil
architecture.
[1913 Webster]
Many other architectures besides Gothic. --Ruskin.
[1913 Webster]
3. Construction, in a more general sense; frame or structure;
workmanship.
[1913 Webster]
The architecture of grasses, plants, and trees.
--Tyndall.
[1913 Webster]
The formation of the first earth being a piece of
divine architecture. --Burnet.
[1913 Webster]
Military architecture, the art of fortifications.
Naval architecture, the art of building ships.
[1913 Webster] |
Civil architecture
(gcide) | Civil \Civ"il\, a. [L. civilis, fr. civis citizen: cf. F. civil.
See City.]
1. Pertaining to a city or state, or to a citizen in his
relations to his fellow citizens or to the state; within
the city or state.
[1913 Webster]
2. Subject to government; reduced to order; civilized; not
barbarous; -- said of the community.
[1913 Webster]
England was very rude and barbarous; for it is but
even the other day since England grew civil.
--Spenser.
[1913 Webster]
3. Performing the duties of a citizen; obedient to
government; -- said of an individual.
[1913 Webster]
Civil men come nearer the saints of God than others;
they come within a step or two of heaven. --Preston
[1913 Webster]
4. Having the manners of one dwelling in a city, as opposed
to those of savages or rustics; polite; courteous;
complaisant; affable.
[1913 Webster]
Note: "A civil man now is one observant of slight external
courtesies in the mutual intercourse between man and
man; a civil man once was one who fulfilled all the
duties and obligations flowing from his position as a
'civis' and his relations to the other members of that
'civitas.'" --Trench
[1913 Webster]
5. Pertaining to civic life and affairs, in distinction from
military, ecclesiastical, or official state.
[1913 Webster]
6. Relating to rights and remedies sought by action or suit
distinct from criminal proceedings.
[1913 Webster]
Civil action, an action to enforce the rights or redress
the wrongs of an individual, not involving a criminal
proceeding.
Civil architecture, the architecture which is employed in
constructing buildings for the purposes of civil life, in
distinction from military and naval architecture, as
private houses, palaces, churches, etc.
Civil death. (Law.) See under Death.
Civil engineering. See under Engineering.
Civil law. See under Law.
Civil list. See under List.
Civil remedy (Law), that given to a person injured, by
action, as opposed to a criminal prosecution.
Civil service, all service rendered to and paid for by the
state or nation other than that pertaining to naval or
military affairs.
Civil service reform, the substitution of business
principles and methods for the spoils system in the
conduct of the civil service, esp. in the matter of
appointments to office.
Civil state, the whole body of the laity or citizens not
included under the military, maritime, and ecclesiastical
states.
Civil suit. Same as Civil action.
Civil war. See under War.
Civil year. See under Year.
[1913 Webster] |
Early English architecture
(gcide) | Early \Ear"ly\, a. [Compar. Earlier ([~e]r"l[i^]*[~e]r);
superl. Earliest.] [OE. earlich. [root]204. See Early,
adv.]
1. In advance of the usual or appointed time; in good season;
prior in time; among or near the first; -- opposed to
late; as, the early bird; an early spring; early fruit.
[1913 Webster]
Early and provident fear is the mother of safety.
--Burke.
[1913 Webster]
The doorsteps and threshold with the early grass
springing up about them. --Hawthorne.
[1913 Webster]
2. Coming in the first part of a period of time, or among the
first of successive acts, events, etc.
[1913 Webster]
Seen in life's early morning sky. --Keble.
[1913 Webster]
The forms of its earlier manhood. --Longfellow.
[1913 Webster]
The earliest poem he composed was in his seventeenth
summer. --J. C.
Shairp.
[1913 Webster]
Early English (Philol.) See the Note under English.
Early English architecture, the first of the pointed or
Gothic styles used in England, succeeding the Norman style
in the 12th and 13th centuries.
Syn: Forward; timely; not late; seasonable.
[1913 Webster] |
Georgian architecture
(gcide) | Georgian architecture \Georgian architecture\
British or British colonial architecture of the period of the
four Georges, especially that of the period before 1800.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.] |
Lancet architecture
(gcide) | Lancet \Lan"cet\, n. [F. lancette, dim. of lance lance. See
Lance.]
1. A surgical knife-like instrument of various forms,
commonly sharp-pointed and two-edged, used in venesection,
and in opening abscesses, etc.
[1913 Webster]
2. (Metal.) An iron bar used for tapping a melting furnace.
--Knight.
[1913 Webster]
Lancet arch (Arch.), a pointed arch, of which the width, or
span, is narrow compared with the height.
Lancet architecture, a name given to a style of
architecture, in which lancet arches are common; --
peculiar to England and 13th century.
[1913 Webster] lancetfish |
Lombardic architecture
(gcide) | Lombardic \Lom*bar"dic\, a.
Of or pertaining to Lombardy of the Lombards.
[1913 Webster]
Lombardic alphabet, the ancient alphabet derived from the
Roman, and employed in the manuscript of Italy.
Lombardic architecture, the debased Roman style of
architecture as found in parts of Northern Italy. --F. G.
Lee.
Lombardy poplar. (Bot.) See Poplar.
[1913 Webster] |
Military architecture
(gcide) | Architecture \Ar"chi*tec`ture\ (?; 135), n. [L. architectura,
fr. architectus: cf. F. architecture. See Architect.]
1. The art or science of building; especially, the art of
building houses, churches, bridges, and other structures,
for the purposes of civil life; -- often called civil
architecture.
[1913 Webster]
Many other architectures besides Gothic. --Ruskin.
[1913 Webster]
3. Construction, in a more general sense; frame or structure;
workmanship.
[1913 Webster]
The architecture of grasses, plants, and trees.
--Tyndall.
[1913 Webster]
The formation of the first earth being a piece of
divine architecture. --Burnet.
[1913 Webster]
Military architecture, the art of fortifications.
Naval architecture, the art of building ships.
[1913 Webster] |
Moorish architecture
(gcide) | Moorish \Moor"ish\, a. [See 1st Moor, and cf. Morris,
Moresque.]
Of or pertaining to Morocco or the Moors; in the style of the
Moors.
[1913 Webster]
Moorish architecture, the style developed by the Moors in
the later Middle Ages, esp. in Spain, in which the arch
had the form of a horseshoe, and the ornamentation
admitted no representation of animal life. It has many
points of resemblance to the Arabian and Persian styles,
but should be distinguished from them. See Illust. under
Moresque.
[1913 Webster] |
Naval architecture
(gcide) | Architecture \Ar"chi*tec`ture\ (?; 135), n. [L. architectura,
fr. architectus: cf. F. architecture. See Architect.]
1. The art or science of building; especially, the art of
building houses, churches, bridges, and other structures,
for the purposes of civil life; -- often called civil
architecture.
[1913 Webster]
Many other architectures besides Gothic. --Ruskin.
[1913 Webster]
3. Construction, in a more general sense; frame or structure;
workmanship.
[1913 Webster]
The architecture of grasses, plants, and trees.
--Tyndall.
[1913 Webster]
The formation of the first earth being a piece of
divine architecture. --Burnet.
[1913 Webster]
Military architecture, the art of fortifications.
Naval architecture, the art of building ships.
[1913 Webster] |
Neoclassic architecture
(gcide) | Neoclassic architecture \Neoclassic architecture\
All that architecture which, since the beginning of the
Italian Renaissance, about 1420, has been designed with
deliberate imitation of Greco-Roman buildings.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.] |
bachelor of science in architecture
(wn) | Bachelor of Science in Architecture
n 1: a bachelor's degree in architecture [syn: {Bachelor of
Science in Architecture}, BSArch] |
byzantine architecture
(wn) | Byzantine architecture
n 1: the style of architecture developed in the Byzantine Empire
developed after the 5th century; massive domes with square
bases and round arches and spires and much use of mosaics |
classical architecture
(wn) | classical architecture
n 1: architecture influenced by the ancient Greeks or Romans
[syn: classical architecture, Greco-Roman architecture] |
computer architecture
(wn) | computer architecture
n 1: the art of assembling logical elements into a computing
device; the specification of the relation between parts of
a computer system
2: (computer science) the structure and organization of a
computer's hardware or system software; "the architecture of
a computer's system software" [syn: computer architecture,
architecture] |
cytoarchitecture
(wn) | cytoarchitecture
n 1: the cellular composition of a bodily structure [syn:
cytoarchitecture, cytoarchitectonics] |
english-gothic architecture
(wn) | English-Gothic architecture
n 1: a Gothic style in 14th and 15th century England;
characterized by vertical lines and a four-centered (Tudor)
arch and fan vaulting [syn: perpendicular, {perpendicular
style}, English-Gothic, English-Gothic architecture] |
gothic architecture
(wn) | Gothic architecture
n 1: a style of architecture developed in northern France that
spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th
centuries; characterized by slender vertical piers and
counterbalancing buttresses and by vaulting and pointed
arches [syn: Gothic, Gothic architecture] |
greco-roman architecture
(wn) | Greco-Roman architecture
n 1: architecture influenced by the ancient Greeks or Romans
[syn: classical architecture, Greco-Roman architecture] |
greek architecture
(wn) | Greek architecture
n 1: the architecture of ancient Greece |
landscape architecture
(wn) | landscape architecture
n 1: the branch of architecture dealing with the arrangement of
land and buildings for human use and enjoyment |
master of architecture
(wn) | Master of Architecture
n 1: a degree granted for the successful completion of advanced
study of architecture [syn: Master of Architecture,
MArch] |
moorish architecture
(wn) | Moorish architecture
n 1: a style of architecture common in Spain from the 13th to
16th centuries; characterized by horseshoe-shaped arches
[syn: Moorish, Moorish architecture] |
network architecture
(wn) | network architecture
n 1: specification of design principles (including data formats
and procedures) for creating a network configuration of
data processors |
norman architecture
(wn) | Norman architecture
n 1: a Romanesque style first appearing in Normandy around 950
AD and used in Britain from the Norman Conquest until the
12th century |
roman architecture
(wn) | Roman architecture
n 1: the architecture of ancient Rome |
romanesque architecture
(wn) | Romanesque architecture
n 1: a style of architecture developed in Italy and western
Europe between the Roman and the Gothic styles after 1000
AD; characterized by round arches and vaults and by the
substitution of piers for columns and profuse ornament and
arcades [syn: Romanesque, Romanesque architecture] |
style of architecture
(wn) | style of architecture
n 1: architecture as a kind of art form [syn: {architectural
style}, style of architecture, type of architecture] |
tudor architecture
(wn) | Tudor architecture
n 1: a style of English-Gothic architecture popular during the
Tudor period; characterized by half-timbered houses |
type of architecture
(wn) | type of architecture
n 1: architecture as a kind of art form [syn: {architectural
style}, style of architecture, type of architecture] |
victorian architecture
(wn) | Victorian architecture
n 1: a style of architecture used in Britain during the reign of
Queen Victoria; characterized by massive construction and
elaborate ornamentation |
advanced network systems architecture
(foldoc) | Advanced Network Systems Architecture
ANSA
(ANSA) A "software bus" based on a model for
distributed systems developed as an ESPRIT project.
(http://ansa.co.uk/).
(1996-04-01)
|
ansi/sparc architecture
(foldoc) | ANSI/SPARC Architecture
ANSI/SPARC model
(Or "ANSI/SPARC model") ANSI/SPARC's layered
model of database architecture comprising a {physical
schema}, a conceptual schema and user views.
[Reference?]
(1998-12-17)
|
application control architecture
(foldoc) | Application Control Architecture
ACA
(ACA) DEC's implementation of ORB.
(1994-11-08)
|
application integration architecture
(foldoc) | Application Integration Architecture
AIA
(AIA) DEC's "open standards" specifications.
|
application portability architecture
(foldoc) | Application Portability Architecture
APA
(APA) DEC's plan for portable applications
software.
(1994-11-28)
|
architecture neutral distribution format
(foldoc) | Architecture Neutral Distribution Format
ANDF
(ANDF) An emerging OSF
standard for software distribution. Programs are compiled
into ANDF before distribution and executables are produced
from it for the local target system. This allows software to
be developed and distributed in a single version then
installed on a variety of hardware.
See also UNCOL.
["Architecture Neutral Distribution Format: A White Paper",
Open Software Foundation, Nov 1990].
(1995-10-20)
|
at bus architecture
(foldoc) | Industry Standard Architecture
AT bus architecture
ISA bus
(ISA) A bus standard for {IBM
compatibles} that extends the XT bus architecture to 16
bits. It also allows for bus mastering although only the
first 16 MB of main memory is available for direct access.
In reference to the XT bus architecture it is sometimes
referred to as "AT bus architecture".
Compare EISA, MCA.
(1996-06-25)
|
axiomatic architecture description language
(foldoc) | Axiomatic Architecture Description Language
AADL
(AADL) A language allowing
concise modular specification of multiprocessor
architectures from the compiler/operating-system interface
level down to chip level. AADL is rich enough to specify
target architectures while providing a concise model for
clocked microarchitectures.
["AADL: A Net-Based Specification Method for Computer
Architecture Design", W. Damm et al in Languages for Parallel
Architectures, J.W. deBakker ed, Wiley, 1989].
(2003-06-30)
|
cognitive architecture
(foldoc) | cognitive architecture
A computer architecure involving
non-deterministic, multiple inference processes, as found
in neural networks. Cognitive architectures model the human
brain and contrast with single processor computers.
The term might also refer to software architectures,
e.g. fuzzy logic.
[Origin? Better definition? Reference?]
(1995-11-29)
|
common architecture for next generation internet protocol
(foldoc) | Common Architecture for Next Generation Internet Protocol
CATNIP
(CATNIP, originally Common Architecture
Technology for Next-generation Internet Protocol)
A network architecture designed to provide a compressed form
of the existing network layer protocols and to integrate
CLNP, IP, and IPX. It provides for any of the
transport layer protocols in use, including TP4, CLTP,
TCP, UDP, IPX, and SPX, to run over any of the network
layer protocol formats: CLNP, IP (version 4), IPX and CATNIP.
CATNIP was originally proposed by Robert L. Ullmann of {Lotus
Development Corporation} on 1993-12-22. It was published as
RFC 1707 in October 1994 but it is not an Internet
standard of any kind.
(1996-03-23)
|
common object request broker architecture
(foldoc) | Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CORBA
(CORBA) An Object Management Group
specification which provides a standard messaging interface
between distributed objects.
The original CORBA specification (1.1) has been revised
through version 2 (CORBA 2) with the latest specification
being version 3 (CORBA 3). In its most basic form CORBA
consists of the Interface Definition Language (IDL) and the
Dynamic Invocation Interface (DII).
The IDL definition is complied into a Stub (client) and
Skeleton (server) component that communicate through an
Object Request Broker (ORB). When an ORB determines that a
request is to a remote object, it may execute the request by
communicating with the remote ORB.
The Corba IDL can be mapped to a number of languages including
C, C++, Java, COBOL, Smalltalk, Ada, Lisp,
Python, and IDLscript. CORBA ORBs are widely available
for a number of platforms. The OMG standard for inter-ORB
communication is IIOP, this ensures that all CORBA 2
compliant ORBS are able to interoperate.
See also COSS, Component Object Model, RMI.
{OMG CORBA specs
(http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/corba_spec_catalog.htm)}.
(2007-09-04)
|
component architecture
(foldoc) | component architecture
A notion in object-oriented programming where
"components" of a program are completely generic. Instead of
having a specialised set of methods and fields they have
generic methods through which the component can advertise the
functionality it supports to the system into which it is
loaded. This enables completely dynamic loading of
objects. JavaBeans is an example of a component
architecture.
See also design pattern.
(1997-11-20)
|
compound document architecture
(foldoc) | Compound Document Architecture
(CDA) DEC's set of standards for compound
document creation, storage, retrieval, interchange and
manipulation.
(1996-11-03)
|
domain architecture
(foldoc) | domain architecture
A generic, organisational structure or
design for software systems in a domain. The domain
architecture contains the designs that are intended to satisfy
requirements specified in the domain model. A domain
architecture can be adapted to create designs for software
systems within a domain and also provides a framework for
configuring assets within individual software systems.
(1997-12-26)
|
domain architecture model
(foldoc) | Domain Architecture Model
A set of software architectures generic to
a domain that define organising frameworks for constructing
new application designs and implementations within the domain,
consistent with the domain requirements model.
(1997-12-26)
|
extended architecture
(foldoc) | Extended Architecture
(XA) A CD-ROM drive specification required by
Green Book CD-ROM and White Book CD-ROM formats. Drives
labelled "XA ready" may require a firmware upgrade.
(1994-11-02)
|
extended industry-standard architecture
(foldoc) | Extended Industry-Standard Architecture
EISA
(EISA) /eesa/ A bus standard for
IBM compatibles that extends the ISA bus architecture to
32 bits and allows more than one CPU to share the bus. The
bus mastering support is also enhanced to provide access to
4 GB of memory. Unlike MCA, EISA can accept older {XT bus
architecture} and ISA boards.
EISA was announced in late 1988 by compatible vendors as a
counter to IBM's MCA in its PS/2 series. Although
somewhat inferior to the MCA it became much more popular due
to the proprietary nature of MCA.
[Main sponsors? Open standard?]
(1996-06-25)
|
harvard architecture
(foldoc) | Harvard architecture
A computer architecture in which program
instructions are stored in different memory from data. Each
type of memory is accessed via a separate bus, allowing
instructions and data to be fetched in parallel.
Contrast: von Neumann architecture.
[Why Harvard?]
(2004-01-14)
|
hewlett packard precision architecture
(foldoc) | Hewlett Packard Precision Architecture
HP-PA
(HP-PA) Hewlett Packard's range of RISC processors.
[Details?]
(1995-02-22)
|
independent computing architecture
(foldoc) | Independent Computing Architecture
ICA
(ICA) Citrix's proprietary protocol that
allows client desktop computers to run applications on
application servers. Originally used between Windows
systems, ICA is now also suported on Unix and Macintosh
desktops and servers as well as some thin client hardware.
(2012-07-08)
|
industry standard architecture
(foldoc) | Industry Standard Architecture
AT bus architecture
ISA bus
(ISA) A bus standard for {IBM
compatibles} that extends the XT bus architecture to 16
bits. It also allows for bus mastering although only the
first 16 MB of main memory is available for direct access.
In reference to the XT bus architecture it is sometimes
referred to as "AT bus architecture".
Compare EISA, MCA.
(1996-06-25)
|
instruction set architecture
(foldoc) | instruction set architecture
(ISA) The parts of a processor's design that
need to be understood in order to write assembly language,
such as the machine language instructions and registers.
Parts of the architecture that are left to the implementation,
such as number of superscalar functional units, cache
size and cycle speed, are not part of the ISA.
The definition of SPARC, for example, carefully
distinguishes between an implementation and a specification.
(1999-01-16)
|
integrated systems architecture
(foldoc) | Integrated Systems Architecture
(ISA for ODP) An Esprit 2 project continuing the ANSA
project.
(1995-02-21)
|
internet architecture board
(foldoc) | Internet Architecture Board
IAB
(IAB) The technical body that oversees the development of the
Internet suite of protocols. It has two task forces: the
Internet Engineering Task Force and the {Internet Research
Task Force}.
"IAB" previously stood for Internet Activities Board.
(1994-12-06)
|
many integrated core architecture
(foldoc) | Many Integrated Core Architecture
MIC
(MIC) Intel's name for integrated circuits with
around 50 processing cores on a single chip, fabricated with a
22-nanometer IC manufacturing process.
The Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor, the first product based on Intel
MIC Architecture, is targeted at high-performance computing
applications.
{intel.com
(http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/many-integrated-core/intel-many-integrated-core-architecture.html)}.
(2014-10-14)
|
micro channel architecture
(foldoc) | Micro Channel Architecture
MCA
(MCA) IBM's proprietary 32-bit bus, used in
high-end PS/2 personal computers. Micro Channel is
designed for multiprocessing. It eliminates potential
conflicts that arise when installing new peripheral devices.
MCA is *not* compatible with either EISA or {XT bus
architecture} so older cards cannot be used with it.
As with the ROM BIOS in the first IBM PCs, figuring out
the Micro Channel's secrets has been an arduous task of
reverse engineering ever since the PS/2 line was announced.
Consequently, the MCA has never become as wide spread as the
competing EISA standard.
(1996-08-16)
|
open distributed system architecture
(foldoc) | Open Distributed System Architecture
ODSA
(ODSA) A research program sponsored by the UK Department of
Trade and Industry and the Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council.
[Details?]
(1995-02-09)
|
open document architecture
(foldoc) | Open Document Architecture
ISO 8613
(ODA) ISO standard (8613) for describing
documents. It allows text, graphics, and facsimile documents
to be transferred between different systems.
ODIF is part of ODA.
(1995-03-03)
|
open scripting architecture
(foldoc) | Open Scripting Architecture
(OSA) A CIL approach to the coexistence of multiple
scripting systems.
(1995-03-10)
|
open system architecture
(foldoc) | Open System Architecture
(OSA) A competitor to IBM's SNA.
(2005-03-07)
|
optimal flexible architecture
(foldoc) | Optimal Flexible Architecture
OFA
(OFA) Recommendations for logical and physical
allocation of database files to disks. The OFA principles
can be summarised as: isolate redo, rollback, temp, data and
index files as much as possible. OFA can be combined with
SAME (Stripe And Mirror Everything).
(2007-02-28)
|
scalable processor architecture
(foldoc) | Scalable Processor ARChitecture
(SPARC) An instruction set architecture designed
by Sun Microsystems for their own use in 1985. Sun was a
maker of 680x0-based Unix workstations. Research
versions of RISC processors had promised a major step
forward in speed but existing manufacturers were slow to
introduce a RISC type processor, so Sun went ahead and
developed its own, based on the {University of California at
Berkley}'s RISC I and RISC II 1980-2. In keeping with
their open philosophy, they licenced it to other companies,
rather than manufacture it themselves. The evolution and
standardisation of SPARC is now directed by the non-profit
consortium SPARC International, Inc.
SPARC was not the first RISC processor. The AMD 29000
came before it, as did the MIPS R2000 (based on Stanford's
design) and Hewlett-Packard Precision Architecture CPU,
among others. The SPARC design was radical at the time, even
omitting multiple cycle multiply and divide instructions (like
a few others), while most RISC CPUs are more conventional.
SPARC implementations usually contain 128 or 144 registers,
(CISC designs typically had 16 or less). At each time 32
registers are available - 8 are global, the rest are allocated
in a "window" from a stack of registers. The window is moved
16 registers down the stack during a function call, so that
the upper and lower 8 registers are shared between functions,
to pass and return values, and 8 are local. The window is
moved up on return, so registers are loaded or saved only at
the top or bottom of the register stack. This allows
functions to be called in as little as 1 cycle. Like some
other RISC processors, reading global register zero always
returns zero and writing it has no effect. SPARC is
pipelined for performance, and like previous processors, a
dedicated condition code register holds comparison results.
SPARC is "scalable" mainly because the register stack can be
expanded (up to 512, or 32 windows), to reduce loads and saves
between functions, or scaled down to reduce interrupt or
context switch time, when the entire register set has to be
saved. Function calls are usually much more frequent, so the
large register set is usually a plus.
SPARC is not a chip, but a specification, and so there are
various implementations of it. It has undergone revisions,
and now has multiply and divide instructions. Most versions
are 32 bits, but there are designs for 64-bit and
superscalar versions. SPARC was submitted to the IEEE
society to be considered for the P1754 microprocessor
standard.
SPARC(R) is a registered trademark of SPARC International,
Inc. in the United States and other countries.
[The SPARC Architecture Manual, v8, ISBN 0-13-825001-4].
(1994-11-01)
|
serial storage architecture
(foldoc) | Serial Storage Architecture
(SSA) IBM's proposed ANSI standard for a standard
high-speed interface to disk clusters and arrays. SSA allows
full-duplex packet multiplexed serial data transfers at
rates of 20Mb/sec in each direction.
According to John Taylor, programme manager at IBM's Storage
Division at Havant, SSA will be used in arrays of discs
working with high-end computers ranging from mainframes down
to LAN servers. Taylor said that SSA differs from the IEEE
proposed P1394 serial interface specification in its ability
to offer simultaneous multiplexed transfers from more than one
disk or array. IBM also supports the P1394 standard which
will be used primarily by desktop PCs for multimedia
applications.
SSA has received backing from a number of companies including
connector makers Molex, ITT Cannon and AMP, disk drive makers
Conner and Western Digital and RAID array suppliers like
Dynatech and NCR. IBM expects to see the first SSA products
released at Comdex in Autumn 1994 but it will be 1995 before
the products ship in volume.
Under an agreement signed with ASIC maker and ARM licencee
VLSI Technology, IBM will use ARM-based chips made by VLSI
to implement the SSA interface and VLSI will make these cores
available to third parties as one of its Functional System
Blocks.
|
service-oriented architecture
(foldoc) | service-oriented architecture
(SOA) Systems built from
loosely-coupled software modules deployed as services,
typically communicating via a network. This allows
different modules to be implemented and deployed in different
ways, e.g. owned by different organisations, developed by
different teams, written in different programming languages,
running on different hardware and operating systems. The
key to making it work is interoperability and standards so
that modules can exchange data.
SOAs often support service discovery, allowing a service to
be changed without having to explicitly reconnect all its
clients.
Many different frameworks have been developed for SOA,
including SOAP, REST, RPC, DCOM, CORBA, {web
services} and WCF.
(2009-01-23)
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systems application architecture
(foldoc) | Systems Application Architecture
SAA
(SAA) IBM's family of standard interfaces
which enable software to be written independently of
hardware and operating system.
(1997-04-25)
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systems network architecture
(foldoc) | Systems Network Architecture
Blue Glue
SNA
(SNA) IBM's proprietary high level networking
protocol standard, used by IBM and IBM compatible
mainframes.
Also referred to as "Blue Glue", SNA is a bletcherous protocol
once widely favoured at commercial shops. The official IBM
definition is "that which binds blue boxes together." It may
be relevant that Blue Glue is also a 3M product commonly
used to hold down carpets in dinosaur pens.
[Jargon File]
(1994-11-23)
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very efficient speculative parallel architecture
(foldoc) | Very Efficient Speculative Parallel Architecture
VESPA
(VESPA, Portuguese for "wasp") An {Edinburgh
University} project using speculative multithreading to
improve single-application and multiprogramming performance,
and to increase fault tolerance and reliability. The project
aims to develop a compilation environment to generate
efficient speculative parallel code, including speculative
parallelisation and speculative helper threads. Other
research involves the development of optimized thread-level
speculative architectures and novel uses of speculative
multithreading, such as fault-tolerance.
{VESPA Home
(http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mc/Projects/VESPA/vespa.html)}.
(2008-04-04)
|
von neumann architecture
(foldoc) | von Neumann architecture
von Neumann machine
A computer architecture
conceived by mathematician John von Neumann, which forms the
core of nearly every computer system in use today (regardless
of size). In contrast to a Turing machine, a von Neumann
machine has a random-access memory (RAM) which means that
each successive operation can read or write any memory
location, independent of the location accessed by the previous
operation.
A von Neumann machine also has a central processing unit
(CPU) with one or more registers that hold data that are
being operated on. The CPU has a set of built-in operations
(its instruction set) that is far richer than with the
Turing machine, e.g. adding two binary integers, or
branching to another part of a program if the binary integer
in some register is equal to zero (conditional branch).
The CPU can interpret the contents of memory either as
instructions or as data according to the {fetch-execute
cycle}.
Von Neumann considered parallel computers but recognized the
problems of construction and hence settled for a sequential
system. For this reason, parallel computers are sometimes
referred to as non-von Neumann architectures.
A von Neumann machine can compute the same class of functions
as a universal Turing machine.
[Reference? Was von Neumann's design, unlike Turing's,
originally intended for physical implementation?]
(http://salem.mass.edu/~tevans/VonNeuma.htm).
(2003-05-16)
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windows open service architecture
(foldoc) | Windows Open Service Architecture
(WOSA) One of the mainstays of
Microsoft Windows: the ethos of abstraction of core
services.
For each extension, Windows Open Services Architecture
defines an API and an SPI, as well as a universal
interface (usually placed in a single DLL) that both comply
to.
These then transparently let the operating system speak to
device drivers, database managers, and other low level
entities.
These extensions include, among others, ODBC (called the
"crowning jewel of WOSA"), TAPI, WOSA/XFS, SAPI and
MAPI, and their supporting services, as well as the
abstraction of access to printers, modems, and {networking
services}, which run identically over TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, and
NetBEUI.
(2000-08-16)
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xt bus architecture
(foldoc) | XT bus architecture
(After the IBM PC XT) An eight-bit
ISA bus architecture used by Intel 8086 and Intel 8088
systems in the IBM PC and IBM PC XT in the 1980s. It
predates the 16-bit ISA architecture used on the Intel 80286
based machines.
The XT bus has four DMA channels, of which three are brought
out to the expansion slots. Of these three, two are
normally allocated to machine functions:
DMA channel Expansion Standard function
0 No dynamic RAM refresh
1 Yes add-on cards
2 Yes floppy disk controller
3 Yes hard disc controller
(1997-09-15)
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